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Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter Mission Characteristics Overview to the Forum on Concepts and Approaches for Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter John Casani June 12 - 13, 2003 Exploring the habitable water worlds of Jupiter — Callisto, Ganymede,and Europa PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only Agenda • Project Overview – Project Objectives – Project Organizational Approach and Organization – Schedules • Mission Overview – Mission Objectives – Mission Design – Mission Timeline – Flight System Overview – Mission Characteristics – Mission Comparisons – JIMO to historical missions – Potential Enhancements – Jovian Atmospheric Probes, Europa Landers, Io followon mission June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 2 Project Objectives • The Project will develop the mission to meet the following overarching objectives: • Technology – Develop a nuclear reactor powered spacecraft and show that it can be processed safely, launched safely, and operated safely and reliably in deep space for long- duration deep space exploration Subsidiary to this major objective is the development of nuclear fission technology and associated system technologies preparatory to demonstrating their effectiveness in deep space exploration • Science – Explore the three icy moons of Jupiter – Callisto, Ganymede, and Europa and return science data that will meet the highest scientific goals as set forth in the Decadal Survey Report of the National Academy of Sciences. The high power and high data rate afforded by nuclear power will enable science data return that is unprecedented in quality and quantity. June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 3 Project Prometheus Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter Organization Space Science Enterprise Ed Weiler, AA Chris Scolese, Deputy AA Project Prometheus Solar System Program Office SCDT Executive Exploration Division Program Director, Al Newhouse Div. Director, Colleen Hartman Oversight SDT Dep. Program Dir for Nuclear, DOE (TBD) Program Scientist, Curt Niebur Program Executive, Ray Taylor Headquarters JPL Center Director Charles Elachi Project Office Proj Science Office John Casani, Project Manager Torrence Johnson, Proj Scientist Ass’t Project Mgr for Nuclear (DOE TBD) Program Control Line Control Implementing Organizations Oversight June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 4 Acquisition Strategy • JIMO requires the best capabilities the Nation has to offer in order to meet the technology and science objectives – NASA Centers, including JPL – Industry – DOE National Laboratories – Academia – Naval Reactors – Others • Major elements will be performed by Industry – 3 study contracts (Boeing, Lockheed Martin, NGST) -- subject to “Rules of Engagement” to preserve a level playing field – Spacecraft Module and space system integration & test contract (with GFE elements) – Reactor Module contract • Mission Module will be provided by JPL • Investigations will be competed via the NASA AO process • All acquisition activities support the Independent Life Cycle Cost Analysis (ILCCA) and the target launch in 2011 June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 5 JIMO Phase A Schedule R-28 - Revised: 6/26/03 FY03 FY04 FY05 S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J 3/18 8/15 10/1 12/15 2/15 Phase B FAD Phase B Task Plan ILCCA NASA Milestones Start Lev 1 Science Reqs Pre-Phase A - Phase P h a As e A - Phase B NSI Mission 1/22 Concept Studies Concept Review 2/11 Draft Phase A 3/21 RFP Complete Release Phase A RFP Award Phase A Progress Progress Status Task 1 Progress Study Contracts Review Review Review 1 Review Review Industry Studies 4/7 6/16 8/18 10/13 12/15 Progress Status Review Review 2 CR/Proposal Task 1 - Trade Studies 2/15 4/15 5/15 7/15 Task 2 - Conceptual Design Studies Issue Draft Phase B/C/D Receive Phase B/C/D RFP RFP Rel. Proposals Contractor Sel. Phase B/C/D Procurement 1/15 2/4 4/15 7/15 10/15 Receive Phase B Contract Prelim Comments Executed Design Start 11/15 2/15 Phase B Contract 9/15/05 Project Plan Phase C/D Contract Project Milestones Draft Project 5/12 Negotiated & Executed FY '03 Progress Tech. Baseline Plan Gate Product Updated Cost Report Rev. 2 2/7 Status Review Cost Est. #2 Cost Est. 3 Estimate PMSR Final 9/28 12/15 Phase A 1/28 2/18 4/7 5/14 9/1 10/15 2/16 6/1 8/1 9/26 11/15 1/15 2/15 Report Acq Package FY '04 2/1 Industry Start Internal Tech. Baseline Conceptual Design Cost Est. #1 Progress Project Plan Briefing Phase A Studies Rev. 1 Review Report Update Prelim Phase B Phase B Contract Mgmt Start Plan SEB Plan Surveillance Plan Plan Contract Management 3/3 8/1 9/1 12/1 3/1 Plan SDT Formed SDT Mtg SDT Mtg 2/28 6/14 9/89/9 - 9/9 11/1211/12 - 11/13 4/1 Science Milestones Update #2 Payload 11/14 Science Workshop/ Draft NASA Briefing/ Accom. Envelope SDT Mtg Science Objectives Final Science Objectives 9/1 11/11 Draft Payload Update #1 Payload Accom. Envelope Accom. Envelope June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 6 Trajectory Overview Earth Spiral Out with Lunar Gravity Assist Interplanetary Transit Jupiter Arrival and Spiral in Europa Science Orbit June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 7 Mission Overview Launch and Spacecraft Initialization (2011) Earth Escape/Interplanetary Trajectory 2 years 6 years 1 year Science Obs ~40 Months EOM Jupiter Arrival/Spiral in (~12 years) Callisto Encounter (8 months) Ganymede Encounter (8 months) Europa Encounter (2.5 months) June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 8 Preliminary Government Study Configuration 20 ion thrusters in 2 pods of 10 mounted on booms. PPUs mounted inside Spacecraft Bus 3 m X/Ka band dish (1 kW RF power) Reactor & Power Conversion 2 kW Solar Array for boom mounted startup Science Platforms and Assemblies PMAD Parasitic Load Radiators Gas ducts not attached 2 Single Xenon tank placed 177 m radiator for to provide gamma reactor and converter shielding to waste heat rejection avionics/Instruments 2 PMADs located in Spacecraft Bus 2 redundant 100 kWe Power Management & Brayton converters Distribution Guidance, Navigation & Control Electric Propulsion Command & Data Handling Science Payload 10 x 5 deg Radiation Shielding Oval shield 20 m deployable boom Xenon Propellant Tank 550 kWt LM RCS thrusters: 2 groups of 8 at each reactor end of vehicle with separate tank for each system June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 9 Trade Options Reactor Cooling • Heat pipe •Liquid metal •Gas Power Conversion • Thermoelectric • Stirling • Brayton Electric Thrusters •Ion •Hall •ISP/ Thrust •Trajectory options •Cost/Performance options Heat Rejection •Radiation shield options • 2-Phase Loops •Heat Pipes •Optical Comm. Experiment • Pumped loops June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 10 Science Accommodation Capabilities • Mass: 600 kg science package including scan platform, instrument support functions (coolers, etc), potential auxiliary science packages, etc • Power: >10 kW continuous power supplied to payload • Data Rates: Planned 10 Mbps at Jupiter • Data Volume: >50,000 Gbits over the mission lifetime • Observations: Continuous in orbit (simultaneous data taking and comm) • Fields of View: (Preliminary) 2 pi stearadian for bus mounted instruments 360 degree FOV for turntable instruments For scan platform ability to scan, track, target motion compensation June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 11 Notional Science Accommodation (From JIMT Study) Magnetometer on Imaging instruments 10m boom Instrument Accommodation: on scan platform, Ion •Payload Data System with Nadir looking during redundant computers and I/O science, able to look thruster pods (2) •Common 1394 high speed data 90° off for science Laser interface during spiral in Altimeter •NAC, MAC, WAC, IR Spectrometer and Thermal Imager on scan platform X/Ka 3m HGA •Laser altimeter, Radar antenna Deployable body mounted radar yagi antenna •Radar yagi folds back during spiral in for clear imaging FOV Particles and •Ion Counter, Particle Detector, fields Mass Spectrometer, Dust instruments on Detector, and Plasma turntable Spectrometer on Turntable platform allowing 360° scans •Magnetometer on boom June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 12 JIMO Environments - Radiation JIMT SLO TID Summary Dose in Kilorads (Si) Spherical Shell Jovian Reactor Earth Spiral Total Thickness 10 mil Al 25000 25 12000 37000 krads 30 mil Al 12000 25 1700 14000 krads 50 mil Al 7400 25 720 8100 krads 100 mil Al 4100 25 140 4300 krads 300 mil Al 1200 25 14 1200 krads 500 mil Al 580 25 8 610 krads 1000 mil Al 200 25 5 230 krads 3000 mil Al 38 25 3 66 krads June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 13 JIMO Environments - Radiation JIMT SLO DDD Summary Equivalent 1 MeV Neutrons/cm2 Spherical Shell Jovian Reactor Earth Spiral Total Thickness 10 mil Al 6.0E13 1.0E11 5.3E11 6.1E13 30 mil Al 1.7E13 1.0E11 3.3E11 1.7E13 50 mil Al 1.0E13 1.0E11 2.1E11 1.0E13 100 mil Al 5.7E12 1.0E11 1.5E11 6.0E12 300 mil Al 1.9E12 1.0E11 1.3E11 2.1E12 500 mil Al 9.7E11 1.0E11 8.5E10 1.2E12 1000 mil Al 3.4E11 1.0E11 5.2E10 4.9E11 3000 mil Al 3.2E10 1.0E11 3.0E10 1.6E11 June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 14 JIMO Expected Environments (EMC and Magnetics) • The JIMT power distribution system, ion thrusters, and solar arrays will generate large magnetic fields – AC magnetic fields (10 m boom length): • 100 nT at 1.5kHz (spike at this freq) • 2-10 nT outside this band – DC magnetic fields (10 m boom length): 10 nT • Assuming Cassini magnetic cleanliness program • The Ka band communications system and potential ice penetrating radar will produce large radiated E-fields – Ka band radiated E-field: 150 V/m (2m from antenna, ~13 GHz) – Ice penetrating radar radiated E-field: 350 V/m (1 m from antenna 15 to 50 MHz) • UHF – UHF radiated E-field: 100 V/m (1m from antenna, 400 MHz) June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 15.
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