Utah Fire and Rescue Academy Magazine April

April - June 2012 / Volume 13, Issue 2

Utah Fire and Rescue Academy Magazine

U Y T T A I H S R V E A L I V L E Y U N DEPARTMENTS

2 FROM THE DIRECTOR

4 STATE FIRE MARSHAL

6 STATE FIRE CHIEFS 11 Apparatus Showcase 13 22 DEPARTMENT IN FOCUS

24 VIEW FROM THE HILL

27 CROSSWORD puzzle Live Fire Tuesdays ...... 8

34 Fire Marks New Magna Fire Station ...... 9

44 ACADEMICS Editorial ...... 10

New Station Mapleton Fire Department ...... 12

Climbing the Ladder ...... 13

Professional FireFighters of Utah Update ...... 14

Engine Tactics...... 16

New Manila Fire Station ...... 25

Turn-Table Placement Priority ...... 26

9 Winter Fire School 2012...... 28

Ever Changing Technology ...... 29

Editor-in-Chief Editorial Committee Design Published by UFRA Customer Service Steve Lutz Sue Young Phillip Ah You Utah Valley University Local (801) 863-7700 Susie King Toll free 1-888-548-7816 Managing Editor Eric Russell Cover Photo Back Cover Fax (801) 863-7738 Andrea Hossley Candice Hunsaker Mathew Pearson Utah Disaster Kleenup www.uvu.edu/ufra TO SUBSCRIBE: To subscribe to the UFRA Straight 21 Tip Magazine, or make changes to your current subscription, call 1-888-548-7816 or visit www.uvu. edu/ufra/news/magazine.html. The UFRA Straight Tip is free of charge to all firefighter and emergency service personnel throughout the state of Utah. 23 Postmaster: Please send address changes to: UFRA Straight Tip Magazine 3131 Mike Jense Parkway Provo, Utah 84601 When asked the tough questions ...... 30 UFRA Straight Tip Utah Governors Public Safety Summit ...... 35 (ISSN 1932-2356) is published quarterly by Guilty of “Crackberry”?...... 36 Utah Valley University and the Utah Fire & Rescue Academy and Employee Spotlight...... 37 distributed throughout the State of Utah. Reproduction without written Back at the Ranch ...... 38 permission from the publisher is strictly prohibited. Chief Decker’s Thoughts on the Mobile CTC ...... 40 SEND INQUIRIES OR AFDAG Grant Open...... 45 SUBMISSIONS TO: UFRA Straight Tip Magazine 3131 Mike Jense Parkway Provo, Utah 84601 Phone: 1-888-548-7816 Fax: 801-863-7738 28 [email protected] DISCLAIMER: The opinions expressed in the Straight Tip are those of the authors and may not be construed as those of the staff or management of the Straight Tip, the Utah Fire & Rescue Academy, or Utah Valley University. 39

April - June 2012 | 1 FROM THE DIRECTOR

During the fall and winter of 2011, Program Managers returned from Chief Meetings with questions, which I felt were best answered by me, so that there is no confusion or chance for misunderstanding. Here are a few:

Why does the Academy return money to the state at the end of the budget year?

Simple answer ... we don’t. In fact, to my knowledge, the Academy has never returned money. The past two years we have had to reduce course offerings during May and June, due to shortfalls in our operational budget. This is why we have asked for an increase to our budget, of $300,000, along with a one-time appropriation of On behalf of the Utah Fire and Rescue Academy $600,000. These increases have been approved by the (UFRA), I hope everyone is enjoying the new year as Fire Prevention Board, the Public Safety Budget Office, we head into spring. A special thanks goes out to our and Governor’s Budget Office. The proposed increases employees for another year of hard work and com- now go to the legislature for approval. mitment to you, the firefighters of Utah. I would also like to thank Gary Noll, Department Chair in the What can UFRA do to reduce in-class time for students? Emergency Services Department, and his faculty and staff for their work in providing exceptional academic Initially we can do two things: cut the “fluff” out of cur- programs for emergency responders. rent courses and use online technology. We all recognize there is content in every course we offer that is not opera- During 2011, UFRA was able to accomplish many tionally relevant. Take Firefighter I for instance, when is things directly benefiting Utah firefighters. Several the last time you used a double donut roll? When is the courses were updated, new certification policies were last time you chose to connect to a hydrant based on the implemented for written tests, and Phase II of the color of the cap? The point is, some of the information Command Training Center (CTC) was completed. could be removed from the courses and never be missed During the next year we hope to continue to expand and, again, not impact operations or safety. Another way our menu of training courses and continue to im- to reduce class time is to allow students to study from prove the core course offerings based on updated home or the station by using the internet or a DVD. NFPA standards. UFRA has had success with this in the CTC and there is no reason to think it can not work with other courses. UFRA has just completed filming Firefighter I skills and will soon have them available on our website for viewing. Now firefighters will be able to learn and review skills in the comfort of their homes and fire stations. This does not replace an instructor, but allows firefighters to practice skills when it is convenient for the individual and/or crew. The skill videos will also assist Training Officers and Sta- tion Officers to plan and deliver training. What drives changes in instructors and courses at assistance of the Standards and Training Council, core Winter Fire School? classes are identified based on their relevance and are directly tied to UFRA’s mission and operational plan. There You do. Through your class evaluations, course atten- are approximately 23 core classes that are reviewed on dance, and speaking with Program Managers; you tell an annual basis and typically driven by NFPA standards. us what and who is working and what is not. We like to UFRA also has “specialty” courses that are delivered at change Fire School from year to year to keep things in- special events, such as Winter Fire School and Regional teresting. We know from past schools that courses such Fire Schools. To see a listing of core courses please visit as Instructor I, Extrication, and Live Fire will always UFRA’s website at http://www.uvu.edu/ufra/training/ be popular. We try to identify those core courses, then trainingcourses.html. build around them using both in-state and out-of-state instructors. If you have ideas on courses and instructors, How are UFRA Instructors selected? please let us know. UFRA lives or dies on the credibility of its testers, cur- Does UFRA attempt to influence local policies regard- riculum, and instructors. We do everything we can to ing fireground strategy and tactics through the CTC? insure the person teaching your class not only knows the subject but has also “lived” the subject. If you are taking Strategy yes, tactics no. Let me explain; the first discus- an Officer I course, I can assure you the person teaching sion regarding a CTC in Utah was with Kevin Ward your class is a Company or Chief Officer. If you are tak- and myself, right after he had taken the Chief position ing an ADO course, you are being taught by a department in Layton. Kevin had an in-depth understanding of the Engineer or someone who has been an Engineer. When Phoenix CTC, from working in Chandler, Arizona. openings do occur in a particular course cadre, UFRA We decided the foundation of the Utah CTC would be takes applications for the openings. Once accepted, based centered around three things: correct strategy (singular) on their education, training, and experience, an instructor would be declared (selected and announced on the radio candidate is required to attend a Train-the-Trainer course, so everyone knows) based on a risk management model; pass a written and skills exam, and pass a “teach back” a Support Officer would be utilized to better manage the to subject matter experts. Instructors are then evaluated incident and allow the Incident Commander to “fly the in every course they teach. UFRA’s quality and control plane”; and the Incident Command Team would AL- process identifies instructors who don’t receive above WAYS be able to account for their personnel. One of the average ratings. Those instructors are re-evaluated and if first slides presented during the classroom component of deemed necessary are removed from the cadre. This in- each class states that we have no intent to involve our- sures students are receiving the best possible instruction. selves in what happens at the local level or drive policy. We simply provide the training, what students and/or The Utah Fire and Rescue Academy looks forward to departments do with the training is their choice. As far as providing Utah firefighters with exceptional training in tactics are concerned, unless a class specifically asks us 2012. We welcome your questions and comments in an for assistance at the tactical level, we avoid these discus- effort to improve our services. sions to save time and run more scenarios. Stay safe! How are “core” classes selected?

UFRA has a menu of courses that are delivered to the Utah fire service free of charge, when requested. With the Hugh

April - June 2012 | 3 FROM THE STATE FIRE MARSHAL by Brent R. Halladay, State Fire Marshal

House Bill 33, Fireworks Amendments, sponsored by Representative Dunnigan, proposes to modify our newly enacted fireworks statute. House Bill 33 will lessen the days you can discharge fireworks from the allowed 30 days, back to 14 days as was allowed since 1993. There appear to be some legislators who feel it should be left at 30 days or somewhere in between. Many in the fire service and law enforcement feel it should be pushed back to the original 14 days. It is also proposed in the bill to establish a designated time period during those 14 days from 11 a.m. to 11 p.m. each day for fireworks to be discharged. The greatest number of complaints received regarding fireworks this last year pertain to the length of days allowed to discharge, the late hours that folks discharged fireworks, and the excessive noise these new As I sit here this winter evening, cold outside with fireworks created. The bill also adds three more days to snow on the ground, the day before the legislature sell fireworks to allow the fire marshals to complete their starts, I have numerous thoughts running through needed inspections. The New Year and Chinese New Year my head about the 2012 Utah Legislative Session holidays fireworks discharge duration will be shortened to and how it will affect Utah’s Fire Service. Each year New Year’s Eve and the Chinese New Year’s Eve only. the fire service sponsors a caucus luncheon on Capi- tol Hill for the legislators to attend and co-mingle House Bill 45, State Fire Code Amendments, sponsored with fire chiefs from their respective areas. It has by Representative Dunnigan, will redefine the correct the highest attendance of legislators than any other mixture of the antifreeze used in automatic fire sprinkler caucus gathering on Capitol Hill. The fire service systems in effort to prevent ignition upon fire sprinkler has worked very hard for many years to capture activation. This bill will also extend the Fire Marshal’s the attention of the legislature, since Utah’s fire authority to restrict smoking, fireworks, lighters, matches, service has concerns and needs that are wor- etc. in the wildland-urban interface areas. thy of the legislature’s attention. The more we make our concerns and needs of the fire service Senator Okerlund and Representative Sagers are sponsor- known to our legislature, the better response we ing legislation to create multi-jurisdictional blasting per- will have on Capitol Hill. mits to be issued by the State Fire Marshal’s Office. This would only be used in those instances where a company is blasting and would be passing through multiple juris- dictions. The blasting permit could be issued by our office and then would only need to be presented to each community as the blaster completed work there. Any existing permit fees that would need to be paid would still be applicable and this would eliminate the blaster from having to go through the permit process in each community.

Senator Bramble will be sponsoring legislation with regard to the end user of LP Gas. It has been a require- FROM THE STATE FIRE MARSHAL by Brent R. Halladay, State Fire Marshal

ment for a number of years that everyone who transfers to receive a benefit. However, if you are on the train- LP Gas is required to be certified, but the end user was ing ground and collapse from heart failure, have a exempted from a license. The LP Gas Board voted to stroke, trip over a hose roll and break your back and seek legislation that the end user should not be required are disabled, these conditions more than likely will to certify to use the product for fueling of forklifts, weed not apply by the current definition of line-of-duty. I burner bottles, balloon bottles, etc. This legislative change have met with the retirement attorney and expressed is also fully supported by the LP Gas industry. my sincere concern that the definition of line-of-duty needs to be broadened to include any disability or The Fire Prevention Board voted and directed my office death that occurs while you are acting in your official to seek expanded appropriations for the Utah Fire & Res- capacity. I feel the current definition of line-of-duty cue Academy for this year and the next fiscal year. Com- needs to be rewritten and does not currently fit the missioner Davenport has approved these requests, and the needs of Utah’s fire service. We are now working Governor has accommodated in his proposed budget, for with the retirement office to make the necessary which we are most grateful. A $350,000 per year, on- changes to this old statute. going increase in funding would be requested for the fire academy so that we can offer a full year of training and I apologize for not being able to attend Winter Fire not have to stop training during June, the last month of School this year. I had to unexpectedly return home to the fiscal year, as has happened during the last two years. assist my wife who was placed in the hospital with a We have also asked for a one-time funding of $600,000 sudden serious illness. I really enjoy seeing so many to create an entire second set of training props. With all of you in January each year. I have so many friends the training requests and the size of our state, we are now all over this state and always enjoy the opportunity to expending an excessive amount of money to move those rub shoulders with each of you when I can. Please be training props. With two sets of props we can offer better safe when you are out there assisting the citizens of training, apply better use of our funds, and not have such our good state. Best regards always. a wait to get the props to the different fire departments.

Now let me take a moment and inform you of a concern that we have now realized from the very unfortunate death of Fire Marshal Steve Cox, South Davis Metro Fire Agency, and the major stroke that was suffered by Fire- fighter Mike Stenzel, Orem City Fire Department. Both of these gentlemen collapsed during the completion of their physical training examinations. I have spent the last six years telling the fire service, especially the volunteer fire service, that if you are disabled or die in the line-of-duty you will be provided a benefit for you and your family from the Utah Retirement System. We have found that under certain conditions, this is not true.

For example, if you are on the fire ground and you are disabled or die from the injuries of a fire, the current statute states that if an external force or violence occurs, you fit the current definition of “line-of-duty” and is cause

April - June 2012 | 5 Message from Utah State Fire Chiefs Association by Mike Mathieu, President, Utah State Fire Chiefs Association

The Utah State Fire the five minute or less presentations. The business meet- Chiefs Association ing was effective and moved along nicely. The leadership would like to thank symposium was very good, starting off with Jack Enter. all the members He gave a great discussion on leadership, was entertain- who participated ing, and helped us reflect on our perception of ourselves in and attended our and self-improvement. We found out that we are “4’s”, on Winter Meeting/ a scale of 1 to 10, and not really “8’s”. In the afternoon, Leadership Symposium held in St. George in Janu- we received some good information from the Western ary 2012 in conjunction with the Winter Fire School, Fire Chiefs Association and NFPA. The afternoon ses- organized by UFRA. sion was completed with a presentation from Dr. Mike McEvoy, Managing Editor for Fire Engineering Maga- Our first day started off with some routine business, zine. Dr. McEvoy gave us a practical approach to, and then a fantastic presentation by Dr. Phil Jericko from solid recommendations for, rehabilitation for firefighters WorkMed. Dr. Jericko discussed specifically cardiac at strenuous events. We finished Thursday evening with disease and the various stressors that are placed on fire- a nice presentation from Randy Mantooth (star from the fighters in a cumulative fashion, which he believes might TV series Emergency, 1972-79). He spoke about his per- be a reason firefighters have the most on-the-job cardiac sonal experience of being exposed to dangerous levels of related death events of all occupations studied. Dr. Jericko carbon monoxide and credited the L.A. County firefighter will be making his PowerPoint presentation available to paramedics for saving his life. He has a great apprecia- us on WorkMed’s website and the State Chiefs’ website. tion for those in the fire service. He was very personable An overall wellness and fitness program is necessary to and spoke with many of the attendees either prior to or protect firefighters throughout their careers due to the just after his presentation. The Executive Board showed multitude of stressors. Adrenalin, dehydration, fitness, and off the popular new State Chief’s jacket. The new jackets even noise are just a few items discussed as contributing can be ordered from the vendor directly and are available factors to the health issue. in a couple of variations on our website. I received some very positive comments from our members in attendance; A nice addition to our business meeting was the written many remarked that the State Chiefs meetings are very submission of committee reports prior to the meeting and productive, educational, informative, and beneficial to our members. Fostering leadership and firefighter safety was our goal for the symposium.

A special thank you plaque, and gift card were presented to Park City Fire District Assistant Chief Frank Heumann. Frank decided to retire from the fire service January 31st, 2012. Frank has served in the position of Secretary/Trea- surer for the State Chiefs for over five years. Frank has done a great job for the Association, is considered a very good friend to many of us, and will be sorely missed. Per our Association by-laws we have selected Fire Chief Jess Campbell (Saratoga Springs) to finish out “Secretary duties” while Frank has agreed to maintain “Treasurer du- Message from Utah State Fire West Valley Chiefs Association Firefighters Visit Burn Survivor ties” until our fall election in September 2012. We by Mike Reardon, FF/Paramedic, West Valley City Fire Department will elect a new 2nd Vice-President and Secretary/ photography by Lianna Ostler with Utah Disaster Kleenup Treasurer at the fall business meeting.

The State Chiefs Executive Board appreciates the responses from fire chiefs and chief officers who have recently joined the Association. Your fresh ideas and opinions are sure to make our Associa- tion stronger in serving one another. For any others who missed previous invitations and would like to join the Utah State Fire Chiefs Association, it is as simple as contacting Secretary Jess Campbell at 801-766-6505 or at jcampbell@saratogaspring- scity.com, or Treasurer Frank Heumann at 435-940- Approximately four years ago, West Valley City Fire 2502 or at www.utahfirechiefs.org, and they will be Department responded to an accident where a young happy to assist you. boy, Mason Fackrell, had sustained critical burns that occurred at his home. In late 2011, Company 74 from The State Fire Chiefs Association would like to West Valley City Fire Department, had the opportunity thank the State Fire Marshal’s Office and the Fire to meet this courageous young boy at his elementary Prevention Board for our inclusion in working with school. Together, Mason Fackrell, Dale Vantussen- various groups to come up with a recommendation brook, Clint Nielson, Scott Davis, Steve Meier, and concerning rules for the retail sales of fireworks in Mike Reardon were able to convey and share impor- mixed mercantile environments. A recommendation tant fire safety messages, conduct tours of the fire from this multi-stakeholder group was forwarded truck, and most importantly share laughter with the to the Fire Prevention Board on January 10th, 2012 boy’s classmates. whereby new rules were adopted. below: left to right: Dale Vantussenbrook, Clint Nielson, Scott As we go into a new legislative session, the State Davis, Mason Fackrell, Steve Meier, Mike Reardon. Fire Chiefs Association Executive Board will continue to work with lawmakers on those most important issues concerning the fire service. We believe we are in good shape with our state legislators, primarily due to solid relationships built by all fire chiefs throughout the state, with these elected officials throughout the year (and not just during the session) by all fire chiefs throughout the state.

Be smart, professional, and stay safe!

April - June 2012 | 7 Live Fire Tuesdays by Karl Steadman, Battalion Chief, Salt Lake City Fire

pictured: left to right: West Valley, South Salt Lake, Murray, Salt Lake City, West Jordan, UFA, and Sandy.

to make new friends and renew old acquaintances from other agencies. The training itself consists of two live fire drills, lasting about three hours on Tuesday mornings. This once a week morning schedule allows the crews to get in and out quickly. This training continues to grow in popularity: in fact, other Salt Lake Valley fire agencies are During large-scale fire incidents within the Salt Lake Val- currently working on similar burn props, to provide ad- ley there are times when departments must rely on each ditional sites for fire training. “Live Fire Tuesdays” will other to assist in the mitigation of such events. This is soon have additional sites for such drills. common for any department, with few exceptions. Mul- tiple alarm structure fires and major wildland events are Multiple fire agency training is a good investment for great examples of such events. the community, for preparation of large-scale events that require the assistance of other fire agencies. The VTA will Recognizing the value in assisting each other, the Salt continue looking for creative ways to deliver valley-wide Lake Valley Fire Training Alliance (VTA) is offering the training to Salt Lake Valley fire agencies. Other agencies nine valley agencies an opportunity to train together on wishing to attend may contact Chief Steadman at karl. a weekly basis. “Live Fire Tuesdays” is an opportunity [email protected]. for fire units from multiple agencies to meet at the Unified Fire Authority burn tower to practice live fire simulations. These class “A” fire simulations are carried out in a metal structure designed for such training. This joint training began in December 2011. Salt Lake Valley units who have attended, found value in drilling with each other. Training is the place to get to know the strengths and weak- nesses of other agencies. The reality is, all fire agencies fight fire in very similar ways. This training allows all to see the differences in training environments so those differences are understood on any emergency scene. Another positive outcome is that the training ground can be a great place

8 | UFRA Straight Tip New Magna Fire Station #111 by Cliff Burningham, UFA Captain, Public Information Officer photography by Fitzgerald Peterson

Unified Fire Authority (UFA) hosted the ribbon cutting has provided cost-effectiveness by minimizing the learn- and open house event for Fire Station #111 on Monday, ing curve that exists with all construction projects. The December 19, 2011. Firefighters staffed at the new fire stations are expected to last well over 50 years being built station, located at 8215 West 3500 South, will join UFA to current seismic standards. Station #102 located on Magna’s Main Street, in answer- ing fire and medical emergencies for citizens of the Magna These new stations offer a first for the UFA; in addition community. This new fire station locates firefighters closer to the fire crew and equipment housed at the fire station, to the southern areas of the Magna Township. there are on-site administrative offices for operations battalion chiefs or assistant chief/area commanders. The The ribbon cutting ceremony was held in the fire station’s station features a separate training area, within the fire apparatus bay, with over 100 guests in attendance. Several station, that can be utilized for fire department training as speakers expressed excitement and gratitude for the sta- well as government related community purposes, such as tion, which will provide quicker response times. “Rapid Community Council Meetings. The main entrance has a response time equals the saving of life and property, so beautiful stained glass mural that pays tribute to the his- the faster we can get there, it benefits the citizens of the tory of the Magna Community. The station is a two story community,” said Unified Fire Authority Chief Michael design with the fire crew’s living quarters on the nd2 floor, Jensen. A fire station open house ran until evening and while the apparatus bay, fitness room, offices, and training was attended by many visitors. spaces are on the ground level.

A crew of five full-time professional firefighters will staff The Unified Fire Authority provides fire, medical, and station #111, around the clock; UFA firefighters work a emergency services to nearly 400,000 citizens of Salt 48/96 hour shift schedule. Ladder 111, a 75 foot Seagrave Lake County, including Magna and other townships in the quint ladder truck is assigned to the station, as well as a unincorporated areas of Salt Lake County. paramedic ambulance. The station also houses a type 6 wildland engine. The town of Alta, cities of Cottonwood Heights, Draper, Herriman, Holladay, Midvale, Riverton, and Taylorsville This new station is the 4th of five fire stations approved are also served by the UFA. The UFA is governed by the on a 2008 bond by the Salt Lake Valley Fire Service Area UFA Fire Board, which is composed of either mayors (SLVFSA), a fire district within Salt Lake County. The or city/county council members from the represented SLVFSA is serviced by the Unified Fire Authority of municipalities. The UFA is the largest fire department in Greater Salt Lake. Utah, employing over 400 career firefighters. Unified Fire currently operates 24 fire stations, with two additional sta- Station #111 resembles the other UFA fire stations located tions under construction. around the valley; including, two in Millcreek, one each in Herriman, Riverton, and Emigration Canyon. These sta- For more information on UFA, go to UnifiedFire.org or tions have been designed from the same basic plan, which follow us on Facebook.

April - June 2012 | 9 Editorial - The Lineage of Service by Eric James Russell, Assistant Professor, Utah Valley University

Twelve years, to the month, after the Worcester Fire who never serve and there are plenty of those who step Department buried six of its own, tragedy struck. This forth and take an oath who do not come from public time the loss was of veteran firefighter Jon Davies, dur- safety and military backgrounds. Yet, even though none ing a search and rescue operation at a tenement house. of this is scientific, one cannot simply dismiss the power This horrific happening shines a light upon two realities of lineage and service, because it does exist, and it’s associated with the fire and emergency service profes- quite powerful. It lives on not only in real life, but also sion; the first being the unquestionable danger inherent in novels, movies, and television. It lives within authored in the career field, and the second, lineage, which exists works as part of the romance of heroism and, at times, in those who serve. it becomes the tragic center of the story. The lineage of service is much a part Firefighter Davies of the public safety was there the day and military tradition; Worchester lost the six it just goes on with- men at a Cold Stor- “What, if any, is the out ceremony and, age Warehouse. He at times, without arrived as part of the significance of the lineage being noticed. first alarm, worked the rubble, helped locate of service, and how should The questions now his brothers, and are: why is this im- helped bury the dead. this be addressed? Does it portant? What, if any, He then went back to is the significance of serve the people of even need addressing?” the lineage of service, Worchester, for twelve and how should this more years. The be addressed? Does power of his desire it even need address- to serve was influen- ing? At this point, tial. Firefighter Davies had sons; sons who at the time of there are no clear answers. However, if you are reading their father’s heroic death were currently serving in the this, you are probably serving or training to serve in a United States military. One, of whom was notified of his public safety or military outfit of some kind, be it career- loss while in Afghanistan. This is the lineage of service; paid, part-time, or volunteer. Where did you come from? this is how deep the desire to serve runs; and it is highly Who inspired your service? How many of those around transmittable through generations. Social scientists claim you have this lineage of service? Perhaps most impor- we are products of our childhood; that the experiences we tantly, who will you inspire? undergo as children become our foundation for adult- hood. We repeat our experiences and mimic our heroes. Editor’s Note: If you would like to share your story about In this case, I argue that Firefighter Davies’ sons each the inspiration that led you to join the fire service, please raised his right hand and swore an oath in service to this contact Andrea Hossley, UFRA Straight Tip Managing Nation based upon his hero, his inspiration - his dad. It Editor, at 801-863-7715 or [email protected]. was Firefighter Davies’ outward showing of his desire to serve that led his offspring to do the same; it was the lineage of service.

The truth is, there is no scientific certitude to this claim; for there are plenty of public safety and military offspring

10 | UFRA Straight Tip Apparatus Showcase Mapleton FD Receives a Rosenbauer Tender/Pumper by Nic Hafen

The Mapleton Fire Department is constantly striving to pumping capacity, Tender 101 can also support with fire stay up to date and provide the community with the best attack in urban areas when the need arises. services possible. In December 2011 a MFD committee flew to South Dakota to pick up a beautiful new Rosen- bauer Tender/Pumper from Fire Trucks West. The new Tender is a great addition to the department. It replaced a 1952 Studebaker deuce and a half (used as a Tender) and a 1961 American LaFrance Pumper.

A committee from MFD designed the apparatus and Derald Olsen wrote the awarded FEMA grant proposal. A Freightliner chassis was used and it houses a 350 Cum- mins paired with an Allison transmission.

The new Rosenbauer Tender/Pumper (Tender 101) has a 2,000-gallon capacity, can pump 750 gallons per minute, and is able to pump and roll. Tender 101 The 1961 American LaFrance Pumper was MFD’s first houses a front bumper lay, two cross-lays, two booster apparatus that was actually manufactured as a fire engine. reels, a 2 ½” pre-connect, and an LDH bed. A new swivel This is significant to MFD and as such a showroom was dump is utilized and is capable of rotating 180 degrees. built in the new Public Safety Building to display this This allows filling a portable tank from the side of the classic pumper. With the arrival of the new Rosenbauer apparatus and eliminates the need to back into the tank. Tender/Pumper, the American LaFrance pumper was Tender 101 can support the existing pumpers in rural areas retired and can no longer be used in the fire service. This where water supplies are non-existent. With the 750 gpm also applies to the 1952 Studebaker deuce and a half.

photography by Nic Hafen

April - June 2012 | 11 New Station photography by Nic Hafen Mapleton Fire Department by Nic Hafen

Mapleton City was founded in 1901 and has a footprint of fire apparatus and ambulances, and the Police also have approximately 12 square miles. The 2010 census shows a separate two-car garage. There are two large training an increase in Mapleton’s population to nearly 8,000 rooms and multiple offices for the Police, Fire, and Am- people. Mapleton is seated on the foothills of the Wasatch bulance. The building houses a laundry room to allow for Mountains and has to be accessed through Spanish Fork proper care of PPE, two tool rooms, multiple restrooms, or Springville, as it does not touch I-15. This continues personal showers, hazmat showers, a reception area, an to give Mapleton a rural feel, although the population apparatus showroom, and a large turnout area with lockers continues to steadily increase. MFD serves the rural/urban to store bunker and wildland gear. community and also provides mutual aid for nearby cities, namely Spanish Fork and Springville. MFD has five active apparatus and one ATV. There are two Pumpers, one Tender/Pumper, one Rescue, one The Mapleton Fire Department was organized in 1959 Brush, and one ATV. A retired 1961 American LaFrance and was comprised of 100% volunteers. Today, MFD Pumper is also on display in the showroom of the new is still comprised of 100% volunteers who are paid-on- Public Safety Building. call. MFD is comprised of 23 members, including a Chief and two Assistant Chiefs. Ron Whiting is the cur- The Mapleton Fireman’s Association operates a “Weenie rent fire chief. MFD does not have a high call volume Wagon” at local events such as the July 24th celebra- but still trains bi-monthly. tion and the summer concerts in the park. The Fireman’s Association also hosts the annual “Fireman’s Breakfast” In 2011 MFD moved from 35 East Maple to 305 North each May. The breakfast has gained popularity and all are Main. The fire station is housed in the spacious new welcome to come. Public Safety Building, which also includes the Mapleton Ambulance and the Mapleton Police Department. Curtis The Mapleton Fire Department would like to thank the Miner was the architect and the building was paid for Mayor, City Council, and the City Administrator for the with a general fund reserve and no federal money was new Public Safety Building. MFD would also like to borrowed or used. The building is approximately 27,000 thank all those who spent time planning, designing, and square feet and includes a 100' x 100' apparatus bay. There constructing the building. It is a very nice building and are a total of four pull-through bays; each 100' long, for there is plenty of room for growth. It is a great improvement from the old station! 12 | UFRA Straight Tip photography by Jay Dyal with Salt Lake City Fire

Climbing the Ladder Salt Lake City FD

by Chad Jepperson, Training Captain Without surprise, the academy was both challenging and Salt Lake City Fire Department just rewarding. As recruits, many stated it was one of the concluded its second recruit class of 2011. Class 33 and most difficult things they had ever attempted, both physi- 34 were run back-to-back, starting June 20th, and each cally and academically. At the graduation, memories ran for 14 weeks. Through FEMA, SLCFD was awarded were relayed about the experiences had at the academy. the Staffing for Adequate Fire and Emergency Response Many rewarding and bonding experiences often caused Grant (SAFER) on June 8th, this paid for eleven firefight- eruptions of laughter. ers’ salaries for two years. Within a week from graduation, all recruits were work- The graduates of both classes included six PMs and ten ing at various stations and will continue their studies as EMTs each coming from very different backgrounds; apprentice firefighters for the next two years. This requires there were accountants, business managers, construction daily study and drills as well as monthly testing. After a workers, ski patrollers, a pro golfer, and some came from successful apprentice test, each of them will become jour- other fire departments. neyman firefighters.

from left to right: Class 34. Training Adjuncts: Adam Davies and Wil- from left to right: Class 33. Training Adjuncts: Adam Davies and Wil- liam Mackintosh. Graduates: Jeremy Kilgore, Matthew Thomas, Peter liam Mackintosh. Graduates: Andrew Wilcox, Robb Rowley, Marshall Myers, Brodie Berg, Darren Bandmann, Joshua Anderson. Training Andrews, Thomas Maples, Marcel Braun, Taylor Hudson, Houston Sim, Adjuncts: Kevin Kochevar and Captain Chad Jepperson. Justin LaMarr, Kyle Marston, Matthew LaSota. Training Adjuncts: Kevin Kochevar and Captain Chad Jepperson. top photo: Recruits in action at the Tesoro training facility. April - June 2012 | 13 Professional FireFighters of Utah Update: What is the PPFU? by Jack Tidrow, President, Professional FireFighters of Utah

Although I have been heavily involved with represent- That is simple but to accomplish those two objec- ing fire fighters for the past 14 years (both in Salt Lake tives we must do many things. The following is a City and at the state level), it was not until I was run- list of many of those: ning for President of the PFFU last year that I realized many of our members around the State do not know • Attempt to organize all paid fire departments what the PFFU really is, or what we do; my goal in this within Utah who want to be an IAFF local. column is to inform the newer members and remind the • Advance a higher plane of skill and efficiency. seasoned ones. • Provide/facilitate instruction and education to locals. • Maintain a strong presence at the state capitol and PFFU is short for “Professional FireFighters of Utah”. constantly monitor the state legislature’s actions. The PFFU is a State Association chartered under the The highest priority being placed in the areas of International Association of FireFighters (IAFF). Each protecting and improving our pensions, and the state or province in the U.S. and Canada is authorized quest to achieve adequate presumptive legisla- to establish and operate one as well. By virtue of a tion. PFFU participates in the Joint Council of Fire firefighter being a member of their local, they are also a Service Organizations and works on numerous bills member of the PFFU and the IAFF. The PFFU is com- affecting all firefighters. prised of (16) IAFF Affiliate Union Locals within the • Strive to secure improved working conditions state of Utah. Our locals geographically stretch from for all local affiliates. This includes establishing or Logan down to Washington County. strengthening labor/management relationships by obtaining Collective Bargaining Agreements, or at Our primary mission can be summed up in two least quality Meet and Confer arrangements. Gaining general categories: Civil Service Commission protection. Achieving 4 Handed Staffing on all engines and trucks (or least 1. Be a centralized point of representation for be moving towards improved staffing if needed). career firefighters in Utah (who work in IAFF • Provide legal assistance to locals as needed. affiliated fire departments). • Continue our support for the Burn Camp, MDA, Pink Heals, and the IAFF FIREPAC. 2. Serve the IAFF affiliate locals within Utah. • Encourage all locals and their members to participate in functions of their local, the PFFU, and the IAFF. • Along with the services available from the IAFF, assist locals in wage, benefit, and total compensation issues.

14 | UFRA Straight Tip To be successful in each of the mentioned areas we tions that have proven to work well with are the Utah have to play well with others. (Unless they choose State Fireman’s Association, the Utah State Fire Mar- not to, of course). First and foremost is the need to shal’s Office, the Utah Fire and Rescue Academy, and do so internally within the PFFU. It is paramount the Utah State Fire Chief’s Association. Together, we that we work together on common issues, and al- make up the Joint Fire Council. We also have numerous low us to use to our advantage the strength that our allies within the state legislature, and always hope to statewide organization can have to help advance our gain more as we engage them throughout the year (both causes. Everyone wins that way. during the session and during the interim). I also need to add that to assist us in bringing some, if not most, of To maximize the coordination of our services, the these relationships together are our friends/lobbyists at PFFU is broken down into five districts throughout SEGO Strategies. the state. Each of those districts is represented by a District Vice President who serves that district, as As you can see, all of this is a lot of work! Many people well as sits on the PFFU Executive Board. Districts contribute to that effort. While the PFFU fights many are set up mainly geographically, with the intent to battles for firefighters in Utah, please do not forget who provide near equal voting strength and the probability fights them locally for you (us). It is your local union of future growth within the district. president and executive board officers. They are all in the trenches everyday. Please support them! The districts are comprised in the following manner: For more information regarding the PFFU, please ask • District 1: Logan, Weber, Ogden, South your local leaders, and/or visit us at www.pffu.org. Ogden, and Roy City • District 2: Salt Lake City In closing, I want to first thank President Emeritus • District 3: UFA Jim Judd for an excellent job for over 30 years as our • District 4: West Valley City, Murray, South Salt leader of the PFFU. I also thank each of the locals for Lake, Sandy, South Jordan, and West Jordan their support and confidence they have placed in me • District 5: Provo, Lehi, and Washington County by electing me as the new PFFU President at con- • We recently have been contacted by six other vention in April 2011. I am honored to serve in this career fire departments who are interested in position, I do not take it lightly, and will always work becoming IAFF affiliates. The applicable district hard for all of you. V.P.’s and myself are in preliminary discussions with each one in an attempt to organize them. PFFU Executive Board

In addition to promoting effective internal communica- President: ...... Jack Tidrow (Salt Lake City) tion and encouraging each local to have positive labor/ Secretary/Treasurer: ...... Susan Davis (Ogden) management arrangements, there are a few other venues that we foster relationships as well. While each one re- DVP 1: ...... Targee Williams (Ogden) quires constant maintenance, they all have proven to be DVP 2: ...... Ryan Mellor (Salt Lake City) valuable allies and/or resources, starting with the other DVP 3: ...... Mitch King (UFA) union locals within the AFL-CIO. DVP 4: ...... Dave Dumas (West Valley City) DVP 5: ...... Jeremy Millet (Provo) Regardless of their profession or trade, they are deal- Pension Rep.: ...... Marty Peterson (Salt Lake City) ing with most of the same issues and pursue the same MDA Rep.: ...... Jeff Birrenkott (West Valley City) goals. As those of us with local leadership experience Burn Camp Rep.: ...... Mitch King (UFA) have found out over the years, it is great to have allies who are fellow “blue collar” workers. Other organiza-

April - June 2012 | 15 Engine Tactics by Matt Call Fire engines are cool. Even if they out the nation and most of that on This is not because I have any unique are the “wrong” color they are cool. fire engines. (There was that year on abilities or superior knowledge. It is I once had an engine that was desert a helicopter but therapy has mostly because I am pretty much the first guy tan. It was still cool. Even the half washed that off of me.) I have worked to say, “yes, I’ll do it.” Then, as the white, half green engine I had when for the Forest Service and various lead instructor, I can surround myself I worked for the Forest Service was counties as well as for a VFD; I have with really smart, talented people cool. You must feel the same way or seen many different fire engines and who teach all the hard stuff and make you would not be reading this maga- many different ways of using them. me look good. In this course the most zine. I think because fire engines are I have done many stupid things and frequently listed expectation is engine cool, we all want to be really good at many things wrong. Luckily, from tactics. Everyone wants tactics. using them. This makes us cool by that, I have learned better ways of do- association. It also makes us good ing things. Probably some of the most S-231 is written by what some of us at our jobs - an added bonus. I am a valuable lessons I have learned have call “The Pretzel People”: The Na- self-proclaimed engine geek. I am not been tactics. In this article I hope to tional Wildland Coordinating Group as bad as some (you know who you convey to you some of what I have (NGCW). Their logo of interlocking are) but a geek nonetheless. My geek- gleaned. Hopefully a few of you can loops looks like a pretzel. The Pretzel ness knows no bounds when it comes find some value in it. People included some tactics in their to fire engines, but I have a unique course but not enough to satisfy most fondness of wildland engines. I have Annually, for the past seven to eight students. I was not really satisfied spent the better part of the last 16 years I have taught the S-231 Wild- either. We cannot re-write the Pretzel summers on wildland fires through- land Engine Boss course at UFRA. People’s curriculum and still offer a photography by Matt Call

Before I expound upon each tactical category, I need to explain a few things to put this information into the right context. Some of what I detail below comes right from a textbook or is based on experience and training that I have received from other people. With that said, the following information is by no means gospel, just what I have found works well for most engine crews. Hopefully, you can find a few things that will work well for you. Water usage is one critical subject I have had to learn. There is nothing like using a ¾” booster line on 10’ flames to protect a structure only to realize that not only are you completely ineffective, but you might also get a little bit scorched and a lot dead. The way I understand it, you want the maximum amount of water available. When it comes to wildland engines, this means 1½” hose lines. One and a half inch single jacket wildland hose is light, easy to move yet still can deliver over 100 GPM with the right nozzle. If you need more than 100 GPM for an extended period of time, you probably are wasting your time and should not legitimate NWCG certificate but we Pulaski or felling trees do not count be there. That being said, I want to can expound upon and add to it here as engine tactics, regardless of what be able to spray 100 GPM if I need and there. A few years ago, I came vehicle you drove to get to the site. it. This means 1½” hose and a good up with a simple way to teach tactics. nozzle. This does not mean you waste There are really only two things we Below is a table of all the most basic water. You just have more knock- do with our engines: engine tactics as broken down into down power in the event you need the two categories: it. One of the keys to this is a select- 1. Parking and Pumping able gallonage nozzle like the TFT 2. Driving and Pumping Stationary Pumping Quadrafog or the Elkhart Phantom, Hose Lays: simple & progressive both great choices. It seems all of our tactics fall into one Relay Pumping of these two categories. This makes Water Supply/Shuttle Foam is good. If you do not know understanding much simpler. Simple Structure Protection why yet, read up on it. Unless is good, especially for me. For this Mop Up someone tells me not to use it, my line of thinking to work though, we foam unit gets turned on when my need to assume that we are using our Mobile Pumping pump is engaged. apparatus as a pumping platform. If Mobile Attack you are not using your engine to do Holding If foam is good, CAFS is way good. some sort of water delivery, you are Frontal Insertion I will not be addressing CAFS in this not utilizing any engine tactics. In Dust Abatement article, but if you are familiar with other words; line construction with a Mop Up Continued on page 18

April - June 2012 | 17 Holding.

Continued from page 17 it, get good at using it. If you do not their pros and cons. Many are built readily available or attached. Laterals have it, research it and buy it on your into packs or “hosepacks” for easy should be placed at least every 200’ next engine. The more I use it, the deployment. Hosepacks make the and in denser fuels like oak brush more I like it. hose easy to transport and pack up the every 100’. Lastly, the hosepack fire line, and easy to deploy. There is system needs to facilitate efficient use Stationary Pumping no “right” or “wrong” hosepack, but of water, hose and appliances. When some are definitely better than others. choosing a hosepack system, I con- For those of us who are primarily When I evaluate a hosepack system, I sider how quickly it can be deployed, structure firefighters this is likely look at several criteria: the hardware needed, the cost, and the most familiar mode to us. When difficulty to build and deploy. These applied to a wildland fire though, it 1. Water delivery are all aspects your agency or depart- may be a realm where few of us feel 2. Laterals ment may want to think about and comfortable. Below we take a look at 3. Efficient use compare, but these are criteria I use. each tactic individually. When it comes to hosepacks, in my When pumping a hose lay, first con- Hose lays mind we should be fighting fire with sider what your water needs will like- A simple hose lay is basically ex- 1½” hose. This accommodates two ly be. Is the mission direct suppres- ecuted by laying hose from point A to effective conditions. First, it provides sion, mop up, or just pre-plumbing point B. It could be used to directly a larger diameter trunk line, which a dozer line for a burn? Order water suppress the fire or to just deliver minimizes friction loss. Second, it tenders or coordinate water support water from one point to another. allows for the maximum amount of accordingly. Second, consider the dis- water delivery. My favorite hosepack tance and elevation. Know what your A progressive hose lay is used as a systems utilize 1½” hose as the direct pump is capable of. Hydraulics calcu- direct suppression hose line. Typi- suppression line. lations and theory is a great place to cally, when we are doing a progres- start but test your engine’s capabili- sive hose lay we are fighting fire “one Laterals are lines coming off of the ties during training. Although we aim foot in the black” as far as our hose trunk line to assist in mop up and to get 100 psi at the nozzle, can we will reach, then adding another sec- securing the line behind the attack still have an effective stream when tion of hose and continuing. There are nozzle. A good hosepack system will we get 80 psi at the nozzle? How high many different styles of progressive have gated wyes or inline tees pre- or far can we really pump? Order hose lay systems and all of them have plumbed into it and 1” lateral lines more resources before you need them

18 | UFRA Straight Tip and it becomes too late. Lastly, the consider when you are doing any sup- Also, keep a line available for embers engineer or pump operator must be at ply operation is how you deliver that on the roof and an engine protection the pump panel for extended dura- water. Are you using the best choice line. In most cases, these can be one tion hose lay operations. Although of hose size or just what is easiest to and the same. If you cannot remain we may pump for an hour or even grab? Are you direct filling or top fill- on site, foam the structure prior to 90 minutes on an extensive structure ing? Which is faster, safer and more leaving. If time permits, coat the fire, wildland hose lay is a whole efficient for your situation? structure in a wet foam and follow up different realm. On numerous occa- with a dry foam on top. sions, I have been at the pump panel Structure Protection for 12-14 hours, pumping pressures The Pretzel People have written an Mop Up of 350-400 psi the entire time. These entire course on Wildland Urban As listed above, mop up can fall into types of operations demand creative Interface Operations (S-215). It is a the mobile or stationary category. Use solutions for keeping your pump cool. forty-hour course offered over four your water according to its avail- I had an operator once who found his days. There is an entire unit on tactics ability and select your hose lines and tank water was heating up too rapidly that takes several hours to teach. I nozzles accordingly. I frequently use while pumping at 350 psi. He ordered in no way plan to replace that unit, either a booster line or “garden hose” an additional water tender to stage but rather give you some simple (¾” hose) for mop up. And do not next to the engine and cycled his tank “textbook” basics. When protecting forget: foam is good. water into it all day, using it as a giant structures, the guideline is one engine radiator. This is now SOP for us on long or steep hose lay operations.

Relay Pumping I have used this most often in the wildland arena to move water long distances or up steep hillsides that apparatus alone cannot overcome. Frequently we will place small portable pumps in a hose lay to maintain pressure up a hill. Basic hydraulic principles apply to wildland pumping as well. Just keep in mind that our flows are significantly lower than on a structure fire. The IRPG (Incident Response Pocket Guide) has friction loss totals for typical flows we may use. Friction loss is often as low as per structure. In some more densely Mobile Pumping 1 psi per 100’ of hose. The key to built neighborhoods, it may be pos- relay pumping is to plan ahead. Get sible to protect two structures with Mobile Attack the extra apparatus or pumps in place each engine. If you are going to stay Mobile attack is probably one of my before you need them. and protect the structure, then back in favorite things to do, particularly at - do not tie yourself to a hydrant. You night. For those of you who have Water Supply want to stay mobile. Come off your done this, you likely understand why. This refers to transporting water from pump panel with a gated wye and For use in engine accessible areas, one point to another. You may be sup- stretch a 1½” hose line to opposite this tactic is very effective in great plying water to a hose lay operation, sides of the structure (B and D sides). basin fuels like grass and brush. filling a portable tank, or some other The goal here is to be able to provide Before leaving the road and engag- supply operations. Where this may water to 360 degrees of the structure ing the fire, engage your four-wheel seem like a driving and pumping tac- with the minimum amount of lines on drive, if available. Also, start your tic, you are stationary while you are the ground. The gated wye provides pump and make sure it is primed. pumping; therefore it is categorized one disconnect point if you need to Start at an anchor point and begin as parking and pumping. One thing to “cut and run”. Continued on page 20

April - June 2012 | 19 Continued from page 19 working the fire’s edge. If no anchor your pump is running but be careful point is available, you will need to not to overheat it, as you will likely create one. This is covered in the not be flowing much water. Remem- “Frontal Insertion” section. When ber, your job is to protect the burners, engaging the fire, you need to decide cool off any undesired flare-ups on whether to drive in the black or in the the burn side, and address any spot green, on the edge of the black. This fires in the green. You may also find is personal preference but I consider yourself performing holding tactics the following when making the deci- when you are stationary pumping. sion: First, what type of fuels are you This function will be almost identi- in? If I am in sagebrush, I drive in the cal to hose lay pumping operations green. Burning sage stobs (smolder- since most often you will be holding ing punji stick stubs) can penetrate a plumbed dozer line or hand line. tires easily so I stay in the green. As the primary pumping engine, be Driving in the green also keeps the sure to evaluate your water needs under carriage cooler and less likely prior to the burn based on worst- to be damaged by heat or fire. Sec- case scenario. ond, consider where your nozzle person is going to be. When I can, I try Frontal Insertion to have him/her on the driver’s side You are not going to find this topic for better visibility. As for fighting the in any textbook. Frontal insertion fire, I suggest using 1 ½” hose lines is used in mobile attack when you with a selectable gallonage nozzle. have no easily established anchor I prefer to have one nozzle person point. It is, in very basic terms, about 8’-12’ off the corner of the anchor point creation on a fire that front bumper. This gives the driver has active flames on all flanks. One only one person to keep track of and or two engines approach the fire at places the nozzle operator in the most the most desirable place possible, visible area possible. When operating preferably somewhere on the heel of in tandem with other engines, be sure the fire. Two nozzle operators at the to maintain ample spacing between front bumper are used, each with 1½” and potentially be used as a lifesaving the engines. Also, ensure that you are lines. Both nozzle operators, work- technique. securing the line as you go to protect ing in unison, knock down the active the line behind you. If you have any fire as the engine approaches. Once Dust Abatement more personnel beyond the driver knock down has been established, a This is not the most glamorous of and the nozzle operator, it is wise to good anchor must be secured before jobs. It is primarily done with water place them behind the engine with a turning and going direct on one of the tenders, although some engines may tool to watch the “back door” and ad- flanks. This is important because you be asked to perform this function as dress any flare-ups on the line. Lastly, want a well-established anchor point well, either on roads or at helicop- remember that one’s effectiveness behind you to prevent the fire from ter landing zones. Try to time your declines rapidly when consistent hooking you. Ideally, this should be refills with your water usage for more flame lengths exceed 8’. If your performed with two engines, posi- efficiency. When working around stream is not effective, it is time to tioned side by side, with a nozzle op- aircraft landing areas, make sure you reevaluate your tactics. erator off each front bumper working get clear direction on what your task together. As the engines punch a hole is and monitor the appropriate air to Holding in the flame front, they turn opposite ground channel for any unexpected Holding the line with an engine it directions, each taking a flank and incoming aircraft. is typically a function that supports doing mobile attack. This technique burnout operations along a road or must be trained on and only per- Mop Up two track of some sort. This operation formed with experienced crews when Typically I will use this on a mobile is nearly identical to mobile attack necessary. Although this is an aggres- attack fire. I try to just use the booster but you are not flowing water. Ensure sive tactic, it can be very effective lines for ease and mobility. Since the

20 | UFRA Straight Tip Mobile attack at night.

action has dwindled and people can hose. Once you thread the hose under, a tree to get away from the be more complacent, care must be you can pump all day regardless of torching junipers. taken. With the apparatus moving train activity. around and frequently backing, all Hopefully these basic tactics, when personnel working lines around Attic ladders are awesome. Not only broken down, can provide you with the engine should maintain good can you use them as a quick ladder some additional options when oper- situational awareness. Always use to get on a roof, you can use them ating on wildland fires. Although it backers and spotters. to cross small ditches or creeks should go without saying, I am going for both personnel and hose. I also to say it: The safety of your crew and While these basic tactics should use them to set my draft hose on in apparatus need to be considered first cover most of what you do, there are murky water sources because it is before engaging any wildland fire, thousands of little tricks and nuances longer than a shovel and easier to tie regardless of the tactics you use. With to each one that are learned with both the draft hose to. some training and discussion, many experience and training. of these tactics can become second- Engine protection lines should al- nature for you and your engine crew, Other Cool Stuff ways be available. These should be providing you with fast, efficient Crossing railroads grades can be a different than your attack lines and ways of fire suppression that will pain if the line is active. Getting your should be able to reach all the way ultimately result in less property loss hose run over by a train is bad. Some- around the apparatus. I learned this in the long run. times you can dig out a little trench the hard way and almost burned up a under the rails and between the ties. type 6 engine. Luckily, I only tore the It only needs to accommodate a 1½” door half off when I drove through

April - June 2012 | 21 Department In Focus Plain City Fire Department by Chief Jeremy Crowton and Brad Jensen, Fire Training Captain

The Plain City Fire Department was founded in 1982, under direction of the Mayor and City Council. The Department is now under the direction of Chief Jeremy Crowton, Deputy Chief Don Weston, and three captains; Brad Jensen, Derrick Barber, and Brandie Kilts. The membership includes approximately 35 individuals who serve in various functions as paid/volunteer status firefighters

Brad Jensen Brandie Kilts Derrick Barber Don Weston Jeremy Crowton

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1200 S 1200 S 12th S and EMT's. The station is not manned on a regular basis. 39 39 Consequently, each member is contacted by pager when needed; responding on approximately 200 fire and medical calls per year.

The Plain City Fire Department serves a growing community with a population of approximately 5,000 within a 12.5 square mile radius. Plain City is primarily a bedroom community for the larger surrounding cities in Weber County. We serve a large elementary school as well as Freemont High School. Plain City experienced a big surge in population during the construction boom; resulting in an increase of call volume, demanding more from volunteers of the department.

The department currently runs two Pierce 1500 GPM pumpers and one 1983 E-One pumper, which was pur- chased shortly after the organization of the department. As Chief of the Plain City Department, I am grateful For wildland fires, we run two F-350 flatbed brush trucks for the dedicated and wonderful people we have in our with Sked units. For medical calls, we run a Ford Explorer department; who show up day after day, to keep the quick response unit. In the spirit of cooperation with citizens of this great city safe. other agencies, Plain City Fire Department contributes its resources to a countrywide mutual-aid agreement.

Plain City is covered for medical transport by Ogden City. The Ogden City Fire Department has an intermediate life support ambulance housed at their station. Ogden City has trained a number of Plain City EMT’s to meet standards for the intermediate level, which allows Plain City to respond to emergency calls requiring use of an intermediate life support ambulance. Recently, Plain City received a grant to have its members’ trained and certified at the firefighter II level. This has helped with department skills and knowledge for responding/helping the community of Plain City.

To help prepare for calls, the Department holds a training every Tuesday night; with an alternating schedule between fire and EMS topics, taught by members of the Depart- ment as well as from outside sources. The Plain City Fire Department certifications consist of: FF1- 20, FF2- 16, EMT-B- 23, EMT-I- 12, EMT-P-2, ADO- 5, Officer I- 4, Hazmat Awareness 20, Hazmat OPS 14, Hazmat Tech 1.

April - June 2012 | 23 View From the Hill by Steve Lutz

The Utah Fire governing safety aspects of sales are still in the hands of Caucus luncheon the Fire Prevention Board. It appears that the compro- on February 6th mise reached among officials and retailers should take went off without a care of the lingering controversy surrounding the issue, serious hitch at its unless other issues surface or something bad happens new location in the with a store display. Hall of Governors, one level below the The usual assortment of so-called cleanup bills addressed Capitol Rotunda. A a number of topics ranging from antifreeze in fire sprin- good showing by fire klers to retirement to disability benefits. The shortcomings fighters and Chiefs of current laws concerning line of duty death or disabil- allowed us to get ity benefits has stirred much discussion in Joint Council most legislators part- meetings but a comprehensive fix is probably a year away. nered with someone (See Fire Marshal, Brent Halladay’s column on page 4). from their district. A fancier lunch spon- One of the more disturbing pieces of legislation, HB 106, sored by the Utah would prohibit local governments from collective bar- Manufacturers Association drew some legislators to a gaining discussion on any topics other than wages and downtown hotel, although quite a few made an appearance health benefits. This could have the dangerous, and likely at both events. unintended, effect of preventing fire union representa- tives and local governments with paid departments, from Representative Mel Brown and Senator Karen discussing safety issues, staffing levels, response times, Mayne won the Legislator of the Year Awards or other issues which could have far reaching effects on and the Distinguished Service Award went the safety of firefighters and the public during contract to retired West Valley firefighter, Jeff talks. Discussion on this and many important bills will Birrenkott for his long and ongoing continue until March 8th. dedication and hard work on behalf of the “Fill the Boot” program for We will cover the outcomes of the legislative session in Muscular Dystrophy research more detail in the next issue. and treatment.

As of Caucus time, the session has gone pretty smoothly on fire service issues. Fifteen bills have been closely tracked. The anticipated fireworks legislation has sailed through without any, shall we say, fireworks. Details on the rules

photography by Ray Schelble

24 | UFRA Straight Tip New Manila Fire Station by Chuck Dickison, Manila Mayor/Fire Chief

Manila, Utah is located in the northeast corner of the state, The new station is a 5,300 square foot, four bay structure. virtually on the bank of the Flaming Gorge Lake. This It is outfitted with hazmat wash down, vehicle exhaust small community is also the western gateway to the Flam- system, personnel locker and shower room, laundry room, ing Gorge National Recreation Area, visited annually by a large training room with full kitchen, television and hundreds of thousands of people from all over the world. DVD training capability, computer and office area, and an The nearest city or town in any direction is more than 50 overhead storage area running the full length of the ad- miles away; this also includes the nearest fire department. ministration area. The Community Impact Board financed The new fire station, which has provoked many years of the structure with a 50% grant and a 0% interest, 30 year anticipation and planning, is located in Manila at 71 First loan package. Sunrise Engineering of Utah provided the North. The community is surrounded by wildland and architect. This station will service the large response area forest, with mountains rising to over 9,000 feet. This area of Manila for emergency calls of all types. The respon- truly is the land where the deer and antelope play; and the sibility is awesome and our department is ready to meet lake trout record is over 54 pounds. this challenge, with dedicated and trained personnel and a new fire station. The Manila Fire Department is manned totally by volunteer personnel, averaging around twelve; there are usually enough volunteers to respond to calls. The response area is over 1,000 square miles of Northern Daggett County; with calls in the forest area, homes in the valley, two state highways, EMS assists, and first responder calls in the bordering State of Wyoming. The nearest fire station assist is over 50 miles away. These tasks are accomplished with apparatus ranging from a 4,200 gallon MAC truck tanker, two converted 6 X 6 military trucks, one structure pumper, a Ford F450 fast attack unit, to a GMC Yukon outfitted as a response vehicle. The new station will serve as a central location for housing equipment and personnel. This is currently accomplished in several locations. The result will be, better and quicker responses to the needs of our citizens.

April - June 2012 | 25 Turn-Table Placement Priority

by Stephen H. Higgs

Is corner placement the priority for (scrub area). It is better for rear and mid-mount appa- initial turn-table placement? No, ratus to come in parallel and then swing the cab away corner placement may be the best from the target, if possible. This opens up greater area position, the only option available for operation of the aerial without the cab of the appara- due to obstructions, collapse con- tus interfering. Rear mount aerials also have the option cerns, or it may reinforce existing of backing into position; this option will maximize the truck (turn-table) positions. How- reach and scrub area. ever, it should not be considered the default placement location for initial arriving trucks. If mobile master streams are required, the priority should be on tower placement. The tower is superior Trucks own the structure. If there is apparatus access to for mobile master stream operation, and should be the front, corners, sides, and rear, those access locations placed in alignment with the objective and/or in a should be kept open for initial and later arriving trucks. position that gives the best access for operating master Engines should take great streams through natural care to not block truck building openings (win- turn-table locations with dows and doors). apparatus or supply lines. “It is better for rear and Commercial structures are The initial priority is to mid-mount apparatus to typically enclosed; natural place the turn-table in openings are limited to the alignment with the objec- come in parallel and then front public entrance and tive. If, for some reason, the rear occupant access. this placement cannot be swing the cab away from If master streams are to be accomplished due to ob- operated into the structure, stacles, wind, or fire condi- the target, if possible.” the tower turn-table should tions, the most appropriate be placed in alignment with secondary location must the natural openings; this be determined. If the aerial provides the best option cannot be brought into play, ground ladders must be for scrubbing the openings with the master stream. The deployed. The type of apparatus is also going to dictate initial placement can be reinforced by additional turn-ta- truck placement as ladders and towers have different ca- bles on the corners, sides, and rear, if they are required. pabilities. Each truck (ladder or tower) has primary and secondary functions that complement one another. The Ladders are designed for rescue and access; they can type of structure and occupancy will also influence truck also be utilized for master streams but are far less placement. You see, stating that initial turn-tables should capable than a tower master stream. Primary turn-table be placed on the corners does not make sense; nor is it placement should be in alignment with the objective the best utilization of the resource. whenever possible.

Another concept widely exercised is to nose-in (cab Learn the capabilities and limitations of your aerial de- first). If this is your only option, you will be operating vice. Preplan truck placement based on incident poten- high on the structure and reach of the aerial is not an tial, access, obstructions, utilization, and other factors. issue. This may work fine; but nosing-in places the cab And remember, trucks own the structure. and/or body of the apparatus in front of the aerial device and severely limits the reach and lower floor access

26 | UFRA Straight Tip STRAIGHT TIP CROSSWORD PUZZLE Across 1 2 3 4 5 1. Adjustable gallonage ______nozzles allow 6 7

selection of desired flow 8 from a variety of settings. 3. Fire Resouces of Califor- 9 10 nia Organized for Poten- 11 12 tial Emergencies. 6. A McLeod ______is used for constructing fire lines. 8. The list of every car on a train. 13 14 9. ______lift airbags are 15 used to lift vehicles involved in a crash. 16 17 18 19

11. When capillary bleeding takes 20 21 22 place, blood ______from the open wound. 13. Class A ______is used on fires involving materials like paper, wood, or fabric. 23 24 14. The quick discharge valve on a mobile water supply apparatus is Solutions on page 45 called the ______valve. 19. 911 service feature that Down displays the location of the call origination. 2. The fire tetrahedron depicts 12. An air cylinder stores a ______20. A choking ______is designed chemical chain reactions, fuel, of compressed air. to incapacitate, not to kill. ______and heat. 14. Pawls, ladder locks, rung 21. Hose appliances are used in 3. A malicious ______alarm is locks, etc. conjuction with a ______generally set by someone wish- 15. A louver ______creates for delivering water. ing to create a disturbance. sections that can be folded 23. Fuel moisture is an important 4. The decontamination corridor is into an opening. factor in how readily a fuel the area of _____ for decontami- 16. ______density is a physial will ______. nation that all person who have property of a chemical. 24. A nuisance ______is entered the hot zone will use. 17. The halyard runs through a small caused by malfunction or 5. Applying pressure to areas where grooved ______called a pulley. misoperation of a system. a blood vessel lies near a _____ 18. Hydraulic ______are hand- can help control bleeding. held and produce up to 10,000 7. Cellar nozzles spread water lbs of cutting force. in a ______pattern as the 22. Program set up to help firefight- hose is lowered through a ers recieve confidential help with hole into the cellar. problems such as depression, 10. Call center for basic chemical substance abuse, or stress. information set up by the Chemi- cal Manufacturer's Association.

April - June 2012 | 27 Winter Fire School 2012

As the Incident Commander and on behalf of the staff at and the demands that all departments and districts are fac- the Utah Fire and Rescue Academy, I would like to extend ing. We, at UFRA, are excited as we explore new issues our most gracious “Thanks” for your support at Winter and instructors for the coming year. Fire School 2012. Every year this event gets bigger and, we hope, better. This year was no exception; it was a rag- We hope to see you at Winter Fire School 2013! ing success. Your personal comments and evaluations of our courses and instructors are key components in helping Sincerely, us know if we are on target with relevant courses and is- Dave Owens and the UFRA Staff sues facing the fire service today. Winter Fire School 2012 had 650 attendees and many positive comments. photography by Jennifer Brown

We are now beginning the planning for Winter Fire School 2013. Most of the courses and instructors from WFS 2012 were well received. Adjustments to courses will be made for 2013, as we are striving to keep the teaching cadre and their subject matter as relevant and timely as possible. Also, we have petitioned the State Fire Marshal’s Office to increase our funding for WFS. This will allow us to invite more nationally recognized subject matter experts in the fire service to teach at WFS. Hopefully, this will help you deal with the myriad of issues surrounding funding cuts

28 | UFRA Straight Tip Ever Changing Technology by Paul Hewitt, Fire Chief, Park City Fire Service District

There was much technological change in the fire service cently researched our need to replace several of our tough during 2011. Managing change is never easy, making the book laptop computers. Brandon began by listing neces- ‘right’ moves even harder. Taking advantage of effective sary criteria such as the ability to zoom with quick finger change and avoiding other pitfalls remain difficult tasks. strokes, Bluetooth compatibility, built in Wi-Fi, ability to run existing mapping and preplan software and other Technological change seems to be moving at the speed software needs, etc. Our needs and wants for the new of light. Smart phones upped our communication greatly product grew exponentially. How did technology keep while also tightening the leash of work. It is now com- up? Brandon’s proposal details one-third cost tablet PC’s monplace to have a cell phone capable of summoning (compared to existing tough books) and three times more internet based haz-mat information, replying to and filing capable than our current computer hardware. Brandon’s e-mails, making appointments, being shared with your process of identifying needs first and finding matching desktop through an exchange server, and the list goes on. technology second paid huge dividends. Technology Some governing bodies have moved to a paperless way moves at such a rapid pace that we cannot afford to as- of conducting business with similar devices such as the sume what worked a short month ago will work today. I-Pad. No doubt these products offer vast advantages over the comparatively archaic methods we used to commu- Other technologies dealing with social media are a bit nicate in our recent past. Agencies learn to use much of harder to evaluate. Liability is starting to raise its ugly these technologies or, for a large part, may be left behind head with social media such as Facebook. A simple post- in what becomes common business practice. ing of a medical scene can, and in fact, has resulted in bad consequence for more than one firefighter. Some in Digital mapping, mobile data terminals, and other rela- our industry have aired their laundry and political issues tively new technologies some of us associate with tough on the internet, at times blackening the eye of the fire books, continue to make huge strides. No doubt many service. While some of these videos are tame, others reading this will suffer an instant piercing migraine at the become personal attacks more about self-interest than mere thought of problems the fire industry has encoun- industry concerns. The importance of fire depart- tered in the process of adaptation and utilization of this ments developing information technology and social particular technological advance. Nonetheless, today’s media policies is essential. capabilities in this area compared with the ability of a mere five years ago are astounding. The position of Technology Service Manager in the fire service is a very recent development but in today’s world Websites continue to progress becoming more interactive has become commonplace. Agencies that cannot sustain and filling more fire service needs with each passing year. this position have still shifted an increasing part of their Departments can far better communicate with their tax budget to this growing need. It may very well be some paying constituency through solicitation of a simple web of the best money a fire agency can spend. Whether a address. Fire agencies are wise to improve their website full time position or not, fire agencies do well to assign abilities and design a little each year rather than attempt- somebody to regular technology policy and SOG review ing such in one fell swoop. to make these advances work for us rather than against us.

Park City Firefighter, Larry (Mo) Owens, has developed a smart phone application with all district medical protocols a click away. It is hard to be introduced to Mo’s product without a sigh of, “duh”! Mo’s product is easy to use and obtain quick information. Captain Brandon Moore re-

April - June 2012 | 29 When asked the tough questions, will you be prepared? Shedding Light on ICMA’s Popular Seminar: Asking Your Police and Fire Chief the Right Questions to Get the Right Answers by Fire Chief (ret.) Richard B. Gasaway, PhD and Fire Chief Richard C. Kline, MS

“right-sizing”. The seminar is deliv- often negative statements about how This article is based upon the ered on a national basis and, accord- all fire departments operate, leading authors’ attendance at the ICMA ing to the presenters at the session the audience toward a position of dis- program, Asking Your Police and in Minnesota; it is the ICMA’s most trust in their fire department. There’s Fire Chief the Right Questions – popular seminar. no doubt that some fire departments To Get the Right Answers! pre- do some of the things the consultants sented at the League of Minnesota There was an expectation the program claimed. However, the broad-brush Cities Conference in Rochester, would present a well-balanced ap- statements were designed to convince Minnesota in June 2011. proach to guide elected and appointed the audience that all fire departments officials toward asking meaningful are led by inept leaders and operate and qualifying questions to define in inefficient and ineffective ways. ICMA, the International City/County service levels, identify quantitative Many of the poor practices highlight- Management Association’s mission is analysis benchmarks, and to create a ed in the seminar did not reflect how to “create excellence in local gover- blueprint for future success. Unfor- fire departments in our region oper- nance by developing and fostering tunately, the program did not meet ate, but a naïve attendee could have professional local government man- those expectations. easily been swayed to think otherwise agement worldwide to create sustain- based on the convincing portrayal of able communities.” Managers in city/ The full-day seminar in Minnesota the facts presented by the consultants. county government are the target was attended predominantly by public audience of the ICMA and receive officials (Mayors, Council members, This session served to validate the support, data, assistance, and profes- City Managers/Administrators). It beliefs held by some that the ICMA’s sional development services through was a prime audience for a meaning- position on fire service is one ofa their membership. ful, productive discussion about po- necessary evil. The negative tone of lice and fire service delivery. Instead, the presentation was not improved This organizational statement and the content was a negative, opinion- from the presenters’ ability to share philosophical belief might be ques- based, fact deficient portrayal of the stories of their personal experiences tioned by public safety officials who American fire service. Attendees were with fire departments. This included attend their presentation aimed at provided misinformation and inac- one of the presenters sharing an inci- asking the “right” questions of police curate, unsupported facts. The script dent where he had a fire in his house. and fire chiefs.Asking Your Police was masterfully designed to guide a It is not for us to judge whether the and Fire Chiefs the Right Ques- relatively naïve audience (as it relates events unfolded as he portrayed them tions - To Get the Right Answers! to how their police and fire depart- to, but he clearly seem disgruntled. was advertised as a forum to offer a ments operate) toward finding fault means to continuous improvement for with their fire department with little The assessment of the ICMA seminar public safety providers. The session mention of how to assess the good is being offered for two reasons. First, is marketed to ICMA members as an things the fire department does. fire chiefs need to be aware of the in- outline to qualify service levels, ask formation being fed to public officials pertinent questions of public safety The credibility of the presenters suf- by the ICMA. If your public officials leadership, and determine department fered as they made wide-sweeping, accept the ICMA message as gospel,

30 | UFRA Straight Tip fire chiefs should be prepared not titative analysis. This justification dential Fireground Field Experiments only to be asked tough questions, but should be framed in a way that both offers a sound technical foundation also to expect your public officials the public officials and the citizens for evaluating the impact of staffing have been pre-loaded with answers can clearly understand the value and deployment decisions – decisions that do not accurately represent how of the fire department. As budgets that directly impact firefighter and many fire departments operate. Prepa- tighten, the expectation for justifica- civilian safety. ration is key. tion will increase. The new normal environment of higher expectations The comparative analysis of staff- Second, chief fire executives need to and greater justification is likely to ing, arrival time, task completion, view the management of their depart- change the way emergency services and occupant survival demonstrated ment through a business lens, ap- are delivered. The days of budget the importance of early arrival with plying principles of outcomes-based justifications based onif we don’t sufficient staffing to perform multiple performance. While fire departments get it, buildings will burn and ba- tasks concurrently. This study vali- are not profit centers, many do use bies will die – is over. dated several industry standards. taxpayer money to provide services. The services and delivery methods The consultants delivering the The ICMA’s position, portrayed have become highly scrutinized. Fire seminar on behalf of the ICMA made through the consultants, was the study department leaders should be pre- several misleading and ambiguous was designed by the researchers to pared to present logical, fact-based statements that deserve some atten- produce a pre-determined outcome. arguments to justify expenditures, tion. Three examples are provided Their claim – the participants in the operations, staffing, and efficiencies. along with some recommendations study performed in a manner that It is important to use quantitative data for how to counter their claims. would assure the desired results. for justification. Equally, it is impor- Little credit was given to the reason tant to avoid reliance on emotional The 2010 landmark study by the for the study, the involvement of defenses and an overestimation National Institute of Standards and independent third party evaluators, of the fire department’s value and Technology (NIST) compares resi- the study’s results or the implications need to the community. The ability to justify organizational needs in a manner that is coherent, logical, and supportable is paramount in The consultants delivering the seminar on today’s economic climate. behalf of the ICMA made several misleading Performance measurements are an important tool in the fire chief’s tool- and ambiguous statements that deserve box and many public officials empha- size the use of data to drive decisions. some attention. Three examples are Many progressive fire departments have adopted business models of provided along with some recommendations management and frequently incor- porate performance based outcomes for how to counter their claims. and organizational benchmarking into their justification strategies. The importance of performance management to support strategic planning, budget- dential fireground tactical efficiencies of the results on service delivery. No ing, and evaluating core service pro- based on varying staffing levels. The attempt was made to connect how the vides valuable data that can support study delivered the long-believed, yet results could be used to evaluate local decision-making. not scientifically validated, evidence service delivery. Public officials were that fire officials needed to support not provided with a list of questions It is a very reasonable for public of- their argument that the quantity of to ask their fire chiefs about how ficials to expect senior staff to justify staffing does impact the quality of needs and actions through quan- service. The NIST Report on Resi- Continued on next page

April - June 2012 | 31 Continued from page 31 the study’s results could be used to through an exterior window on the safety of civilians and firefighters and guide financial decisions. The ICMA first floor and there were no victims to conserve property loss from fire. didn’t like the results so they chose and the fire was completely self- to attack the validity of the study. venting to the exterior and the fire did It is important to educate public of- This is unfortunate. not spread beyond the room of origin ficials on what it takes to effectively (outside the reach of the exterior hose and safely manage a structure fire. The study provided the very quan- line) and there was no need for sal- This includes describing the capabili- titative data the ICMA recommends vage work and there was no need for ties of your local response system. Fires can be extinguished with two people, but that method does include some tradeoffs. One tool that may be When asked, “Do you really need this helpful in the goal to educate is the NIST fire modeling program. This many full-time firefighters and that much program creates a visual representation of fire progression that can be equipment?” being prepared with data and benchmarked to arrival time and staffing. The results can then be supported by science will help make an used to initiate a meaningful discussion with public officials about unemotional justification. how to meet customer and public officials’ expectations.

Structure fires are time-sensitive. Suc- public officials to demand from their overhaul… then yes… a house fire cessful outcomes depend on a time fire chiefs. Fire chiefs should be fa- could be put out with two people. response of adequate personnel. The miliar with the study’s methodology, ability to effectively communicate process, and results and be prepared Recently, following a presentation to the nexus between deployment and to connect the need for staffing to the educate fire chiefs on the challenges outcomes is paramount in justifying findings of the study. The justifica- sure to come from the ICMA con- budget allocations. When asked, “Do tion for staffing now has quantitative, sultant presentations we were ap- you really need this many full-time scientifically grounded support. Fire proached by a fire chief who relayed a firefighters and that much equip- chiefs should be prepared to justify story about how his city manager was ment?” being prepared with data and the need for four-person staffing ver- asking why it takes more than two supported by science will help make sus three-person staffing (if that is people to put out a house fire. He was an unemotional justification. the goal). The study demonstrates not prepared for such an outrageous in a measureable way how fire- question. The lesson: be prepared. It is valuable to have the data to show ground tasks and outcomes can be These types of questions are com- how staffing patterns vary by day-of- impacted by staffing. ing. It presents an opportunity to week, time-of-day, etc. as well as the educate public officials on the need staffing per event type. It is difficult One question that may be asked is, for proper staffing to achieve safe, to create a comprehensive picture of “how many firefighters are required successful outcomes. the staffing when using aggregate to put out a house fire?” During the (e.g., averages) data. Providing retro- presentation the consultants indicated It is undisputed that every fire will spective (historical) data provides the the task could be accomplished with eventually go out, whether extin- ability to show trends over time and two firefighters if the fire engines guished by two firefighters or left to can help explain fluctuations in staff- were equipped with compressed air burn unabated. It is doubtful, how- ing patterns. This is important to both foam systems (CAFS). If conditions ever, that customer expectations are career and volunteer departments. were right and the only task to be ac- going to be met if consequences are complished was to extinguish a room exacerbated by an inadequate re- The type, amount, and location of re- and contents and the fire could be sponse. It is a paramount objective sources (e.g., fire apparatus) and how extinguished by spraying a hose line of the fire department to ensure the those resources are deployed can be

32 | UFRA Straight Tip Setting aside the consultants pre-dis- Recommendations, supported with data, posed answers to the questions posed by the ICMA, the list of questions are important. When determining the re- does provide a basis for meaningful discussions of what public safety ser- sources needed to meet service demands vices currently are and should be in the future. Fire chiefs should be pre- it can be helpful to provide response data pared. Set aside emotional responses and focus on gathering and using data that justifies deployment decisions. and logic to justify your needs.

About the authors: a point of contention between the fire neighboring communities. Sharing Richard B. Gasaway served 30 years administration and public officials. expensive specialty apparatus that in public safety including 22 years as Determining the appropriate amount often sits idle for extended periods a chief officer before retiring in 2009 of resources to provide an effective of time makes sense. to pursue his passion for teaching. He response can be a challenging task. holds bachelors, masters and doctor ICMA consultants encourage public It may also be beneficial to assess of philosophy degrees in finance, eco- officials to ask,“How much stored which services are essential to com- nomics, business administration and capacity can we afford?” munity safety and keep a focus on leadership. He serves as the principal ensuring essential services are the pri- consultant at the Gasaway Consulting Recommendations, supported with ority. It is the high-risk, high-conse- Group. Dr. Gasaway’s contributions data, are important. When determin- quence services that require a proper have been featured in more than 250 ing the resources needed to meet and consistent response. The use of books, book chapters, journal articles, service demands it can be helpful to historical analysis examining event research projects, webinars, videos provide response data that justifies types, time/location of occurrence, and podcasts. He has delivered over deployment decisions. An example staffing, and outcomes will provide 2,500 presentations on safety and may be data provided through geo- the data to help determine what is the leadership topics to more than 23,500 graphical based response research. right amount of resources. Staffing attendees throughout the world. Remain focused in the goals: citizen and equipment needs should be based and firefighter safety. Justification upon the types of emergencies most Richard C. Kline has been the Fire based on outcomes may prove easier likely to occur, not on infrequent Chief for the City of Plymouth, Min- to defend over an arbitrary notion large-scale events. Most communities nesota since 1992 and is a Senior there should be a fire station every x simply cannot afford to have large Associate at the Gasaway Consulting miles because the Insurance Services amounts of excess capacity for a rare Group. Chief Kline holds a Masters Office (ISO) says so. what-if event. In those cases, mutual Degree in Public Safety and is a cre- aid and automatic aid should be used. dentialed chief fire officer through the Examine the use of specific vehicle Commission on Public Safety Excel- types being used for emergency As communities continue to manage lence. Kline is the chairman for the calls. It may prove difficult to justify, through the new economic realities, Minnesota State Fire Chief Associa- both economically and from a safety fire departments will be impacted tion’s Safety and Health Committee. perspective, to use large structural and will, undoubtedly need to look firefighting apparatus for medial calls. differently at how service is provided. The authors can be reached at: Perhaps a smaller, more economical Responding effectively to these new [email protected] or vehicle could serve the purpose. A challenges requires a realistic and 612-548-4424. regional evaluation of apparatus may practical assessment of the entire also demonstrate there is a dupli- service delivery model. Transparency The NIST Study can be downloaded cation of equipment and it would and open dialogue among key stake- at: http://www.nist.gov/manuscript- be more economical to enter into holders will be essential to the design publication-search.cfm?pub_ agreements for automatic aid with of the fire department of the future. id=904607

April - June 2012 | 33 Fire Marks

He served as Assistant Chief, Chair of Joint Council, Sec- retary Treasurer of State Fire Chiefs, and many more posi- Promotions: tions. He is only 53 so maybe he will be back – somewhere. • Eric Froerer was appointed as Chief of the Syracuse Fire De- • The City of South Salt Lake partment on February 3, 2012. announced the retirement of Froerer brings with him 22 Captain / Fire Marshal Bruce years of experience in the fire Shoemaker from his 26 year service, which includes previ- career with the fire service on ously being the Assistant Chief January 1, 2012. of the Roy Fire Department. • Battalion Chief Mike Wood an- Retirements: • Deputy Chief Greg Chamberlain nounced his retirement from the of Ogden City Fire Department Ogden City Fire Department. has retired after 28 years of During his 33 years of service service. Chamberlain served as Wood served as Paramedic, Driver, Captain, and for over 17 Captain, and Battalion Chief. years as Deputy Chief. Deaths:

• Fire Marshal Joe Anderson has retired after 38 ½ years in the fire service. He served as fire marshal for the North View Fire Department and prior to that served 25 years with the Ogden Fire Department. Anderson also piloted the “Boots ’N Bunker” program, a clown inspired fire-prevention program for • Park City Fire Department an- • Joe Murray, longtime Chief of Ogden schools that is still in nounced the retirement of Frank the Ogden Fire Department, re- effect today. Heumann. Heumann contributed cently passed away. Murray ran much to his community and the for the legislature and became larger fire service community our strongest ally there. He during his 27 years of service. championed many causes. As

34 | UFRA Straight Tip Fire Marks Utah Governors Public Safety Summit Brent Halladay remembers, "At by Steve Lutz a committee vote another Rep- resentative told Joe, ' I wouldn't The 5th Annual Public Safety tain sessions, which include sensi- normally vote for a bill like this Summit will be held this year at tive information, may be restricted but since you said it was OK, the Davis Convention Center on to public safety officials with a I'll vote for it.'" May 8th – 9th. A wide assortment need to know. of presentations are aimed at fire, EMS, Haz Mat, police, health, Blocks of rooms have been re- public works, and other public and served at many of the surrounding private sector stakeholders in the hotels; these rooms will be at the business of preventing and dealing state per diem rate of $70.00 per with emergencies. The conference night. Please refer to the online will feature two days of outstand- registration form for the phone ing presentations and workshops numbers and e-mail addresses of pertaining to this year’s theme, these hotels. Contact the hotels Forming Alliances for a Stronger directly for your hotel reserva- Tomorrow, highlighting the need tions. Please be sure to tell the for all functions to work, plan, and hotel you are with the Utah Gov- train together. ernor’s Public Safety Summit to obtain the state per diem rate. While this year promises a similar high quality slate of speakers and The registration fee for the Summit • John Hogan, Firefighter/ Para- topics; several notable changes are is $150.00. Make checks payable medic, of the West Jordan Fire in store: the summit has been cut to the Utah Department of Public Department passed away on back to two days; the difficulties Safety. The deadline for refunds is January 15, 2012. Hogan served encountered by holding general April 6th, 2012. On-site registration as the past President of WJFD sessions in the overly resonant and will begin Tuesday morning, May Local 4624 and was with the noisy exhibit hall will be eliminated 8th at 7:00 a.m. in the reception area WJFD for 11 years. by moving those sessions to the lobby. The registration fee will in- Ballroom; and finally, in order to clude two breakfasts, two lunches, • Retired Captain Gary New- further bring together all the players and morning and afternoon breaks bold passed away on Decem- that need to work together to make on both days of the summit. ber 1, 2011. Newbold was a our communities safer, business retired Deputy Fire Marshal leaders in safety, emergency plan- The registration form is available at and Captain from the Salt ning, etc. are invited. http://publicsafety.utah.gov. Please Lake County Fire Department send your check to: Patrice Thom- who served for 30 years. The Public Safety Summit has ab- as, Division of Emergency Manage- sorbed several different conferences ment, 1110 State Office Building, • Retired Battalion Chief Larry over the years including the Public Salt Lake City, Utah 84114 or Olsen, a lifelong Utahan, passed Officials Conference, the Haz Mat FAX to (801) 538-3770. You may away at home January 27, 2012. Conference, and now this year, the visit the UFRA website for confer- He had served the Salt Lake Ready Your Business Conference. ence updates and announcements. County Fire Department for The organizers have taken care For further questions, call Patrice over 30 years. to find topics of interest for the Thomas at (801) 244-0071 or Judy increasingly diverse audience. Cer- Hamaker-Mann at (801) 556-7652.

April - June 2012 | 35 Guilty of “Crackberry”? by Paul Stein

As many of you know, when I conduct classes Many people are concerned that having the electronic my teaching style is one gadget continually connected to your hand is getting a of dialog and not mono- bit much. Hence, the name “Crackberry”. It is addicting. logue. I have always There are even websites for Blackberry users and abusers. believed that interaction I researched and came across some gadget guidelines that between student and I would like to share with you. I even have a handout that teacher leads to the lessons being more enjoyable and I give my students at the start of every class I conduct. increased information retention. Here are the guidelines:

Back in the day, when a student did not make eye con- • Turn the phone off or set it to vibrate when you tact with me I would assume that he was perhaps a shy are meeting with people in restaurants or other person, or was afraid places where your that I would ask him usage could disturb a question. I see the people – such as same student posture the movies. today while conduct- “Many people are concerned • Make sure to ing training for fire- conclude your busi- fighters. However, I that having the electronic ness – whether it is quickly learned that it sending an e-mail, is not shyness or fear gadget continually connected checking your e- that causes the lack mail, or talking on of eye contact. Today to your hand is getting a bit your device before I get the “Blackberry you get in line at the stare” or the “iPhone much. Hence, the name bank or the store. eyeball” and head bob- There is nothing bing. It is interesting “Crackberry”. It is addicting.” more frustrating to watch the student than to wait on a try to continue with customer who is my discussion while otherwise engaged. simultaneously checking and responding to e-mails. • You should never be in a conversation with someone and ask him/her to hold for a moment Inappropriate cell phone use is on the rise. For most of us, so you can check something. This tells the almost everyone we know has a Smart Phone, Blackberry, person you are speaking with that he/she is not as Jitterbug, Palm, or other such device. When you think important as your telephone. about it, that is a lot of eyeballs scrolling through e-mails during dinners, CLASSES, meetings, and the movies. So whether you are the offender or the offended, It is addicting. As a matter of fact, just the other day my here are a few more pointers to keep in mind, wife and I were out having lunch, I received an incoming courtesy of Diana Olson, an etiquette and “civil- e-mail vibration three times in about five minutes. I un- ity specialist” serving the San Diego area. consciously starting reading my e-mail and was promptly scolded by my wife. She said it was rude and she is right. • If it is an urgent call, excuse yourself to take it. She also wanted to know if I thought the Blackberry made You should also let people know beforehand that me feel more important than anyone else. I put the phone you are expecting an important call or e-mail, so away without comment. they are not caught off guard when it happens.

36 | UFRA Straight Tip • Because alarms and alerts can be annoying, it is best to set your smart phone to vibration mode Employee Spotlight or turn it off completely. • When you are with other people, put your device away so that it is not an intrusion, and so that people know you are completely present and focused on him or her, not your BlackBerry. • Just because there are messages on your phone does not mean you have to check the messages. Set time aside each day for checking and responding to non-urgent e-mails. • When attending a social function or party, turn off your BlackBerry. The last thing you want to do is embarrass yourself or your guests with your ringing phone and inappropriate texting. • Pay attention to people when they speak to you. Whether you are in a business meeting or just hanging out with friends, real, live people should take precedence over any kind of device. • Know your limits. Life is for living, not for texting. Learn to balance your life between what you like to do and what you have to do. Using your BlackBerry for work is fine, but at the end of the day, put it away. Hilary Whitney • If you can not text using two hands, then you should not be texting. Using your BlackBerry Hilary Whitney began her employment with while you are on the toilet or eating is not only Utah Valley University at the Utah Fire & disgusting, but also rude. Rescue Academy in July of 2011 as a part time Administrative Assistant in the certification I can not wait to see what happens when the airlines start office, and transitioned into a full time posi- allowing the use of cell phones on planes. I hope they tion during December 2011 as the Certification have several Air Marshals on board when that happens. Coordinator. Her main responsibilities will be working with the Certification Testers, sched- That’s my pitch for this month. uling Certification Exams, and supporting the Certification Program Manager and other cer- photography by Rebecca Giessing tification office staff in other areas of Certifica- tion Administration.

Hilary brings with her many years of experience working in similar settings, including her five years in the Education Department at Novell, Inc. and most recently in Riverton, Wyoming as a Personal Banker. She earned her General Associates degree at Brigham Young University – Idaho with emphasis courses in public relations/communications. She has two adorable children and currently lives in Provo.

April - June 2012 | 37 The Power Take-Off shaft (PTO) is one of the oldest and most common farm machinery hazards. photography by Russell Young Back at the Ranch: Farm Machinery Extrication Power Take-Off (PTO) Entanglement

by Captain R.E. Young

The Power Take-Off shaft to occur in .5 to 1 second, depending on the speed of the (PTO) is one of the oldest and shaft. In one minute a PTO shaft rotating at 540 rpm can most common farm machinery wrap-up 424 - 785 feet of rope at 1000 rpm. This means hazards. The PTO shaft is a that in one second at 540 rpm an arm or leg can wrap wrapping point hazard, due to around the PTO shaft 9 or over 16 times at 1000 rpm. protruding pins and bolts that snag clothing or long hair. If clothing does not tear or rip away, a person’s limb or body Several extrication techniques and tools can be used to can wrap with the clothing. The affected part may become free a victim from a PTO shaft entrapment. Rescue tech- compressed so tightly, by the clothing and shaft, that the niques may have to be combined in order to effectively person is trapped against the shaft.

Power take-off shafts are used to transmit power from a tractor or other source to an implement. Two speeds are commonly used with PTOs, 540 and 1000 revolutions per minute (RPM). Standing behind the tractor while looking forward, one will see that the PTO shaft rotates clockwise. The shaft can be connected to the tractor by a simple pin or bolt, a spring-loaded pin or a sliding collar.

Incidents involving PTOs occur when gloves, loose clothing, tie strings, belts, or long hair become caught and entangled around the revolving shaft. Entanglement is Power take-off shafts are used to transmit power from a tractor or a rapid process causing complete arm or leg entrapment other source to an implement.

38 | UFRA Straight Tip remove the entangled person. Rescue personnel must the victim from the removed shaft, do not delay medical be able to combine skills and adapt tools to fit the inci- transport; transport the victim and shaft to a surgical facil- dent’s individual needs. ity where a medical team can disentangle the patient in a controlled environment. As with any extrication/rescue situation, the first arriving unit needs to establish incident command (IC). An initial Medical treatment and transport is a necessity with any scene assessment/survey must be completed and assign- PTO entrapment, rescue personnel must have a plan for ments given. The tractor (or other powering devise) and medical care of the victim during and after the extrication implement need to be stabilized and secured to prevent process. Common injuries found in victims of a PTO en- movement. Stabilization includes shutting down the trac- tanglement include: closed and open skull fractures, spinal tor or other power source, use of cribbing, chains, jacks, fractures, chest injuries, internal bleeding, dislocations and lifting bags to prevent movement; relieving hydraulic and fractures of extremities, scalping, and de-gloving. pressure and disengaging the PTO. These injuries require proper treatment and rapid transport (ground or air) to an appropriate definitive care facility. If the victim is caught by his/her clothing being wrapped around the PTO or by another minor entanglement, rescu- Research data indicates that at least 346 farm workers ers can attempt to rotate the shaft counterclockwise using aged 16 or older died from farm-related entanglement a pry bar inserted in the universal joint, or by using a pipe injuries during a nine-year study period. Of those deaths, wrench. Since most PTO shafts are not designed to rotate 112 were caused by entanglement in PTO-driven drive- counterclockwise, it is often quicker to cut the clothing to lines and shafts of farm machinery. Nearly 10,000 nonfatal release the victim. entanglement injuries also occurred on farms during the research phase. Of these injuries, 864 included the loss of If the entanglement is more complex, removal of the PTO a body part [NIOSH 94-105]. shaft is required. Releasing the locking pin or ring and sliding the shaft off of the tractor output shaft can Emergency service organizations should be prepared, remove a telescoping PTO. Caution must be used when equipped, and trained for responding safely and ef- removing the PTO shaft; the entanglement paired with fectively to PTO shaft entanglement incidents. Preplan the rotating shaft can build stored energy. If the stored target hazards in your response area, know organizational energy is released uncontrolled it can cause injury to capabilities and limitations, and attend recurrent training. the rescuers and victim. PTO shaft entanglements present numerous challenges for the rescue team; planning and practice ensure a positive A one-piece PTO shaft may require rescuers to disconnect effective response to a difficult situation. both ends of the shaft and remove it as a single unit. If the entanglement is severe and rescuers are unable to free Stay safe… Captain Young

Two speeds are commonly used with PTOs, 540 and 1000 revolutions per minute (RPM). Standing behind the tractor and looking forward you will see that the PTO shaft rotates clockwise. The shaft can be connected to the tractor by a simple pin or bolt, a spring- loaded pin or a sliding collar.

April - June 2012 | 39 photography by Jennifer Brown

Chief Decker’s Thoughts on the Mobile CTC by Andrea Hossley

I had the opportunity to sit down with Chief Joe Decker unique relationship has been established with the BLM in of the Kanab Fire Department to discuss their recent which they help each other, with rescue, extrication, and use of the Mobile Command Training Center. Decker initial attack on all wildfires. This past summer Kanab had much to say regarding the CTC's lessons on strat- found they responded to a great number of extrication and egy, tactics, and applying incident command concepts wildland calls. Decker prides his department on their level to realistic scenarios. of training and certification. Decker shared, “We are very heavy in certification. We believe that the guys should Kanab is a 100% volunteer department, other than the have the training and not to let them put themselves in Chief, with 28 firefighters on the roster. Their service pop- danger without knowing what to do and [due to this] we ulation is 6,000 people and covers an area of 800 square [have become] a very proactive department.” miles. Kanab Fire runs approximately 300 calls a year, which are strictly fire, hazmat, and rescue. In addition to When asked about his expectations of the CTC, Decker being the municipal department for Kanab they also cover expressed that he and his officer staff were nervous about (without contract), quite a bit of Kane County including the course. He shared that he had, “heard a lot about it be- assisting with coverage in Mount Carmel, Orderville, and fore it came down and I wasn’t quite sure what to expect. Glendale through mutual aid. They also have a mutual aid I knew it was a command center to help train people into agreement with Fredonia, AZ to assist them on all fires. A an Incident Command position … what to look out for and

40 | UFRA Straight Tip Decker explained that upon the CTC’s arrival in Kanab, his department was just getting to the point where he, as the Chief, was beginning to step back and let others take the reigns as IC. Having the CTC experience was a great stepping-stone in giving his officers the confidence they needed to do so. “They learned that it’s not that hard to be IC; just be a little calmer, think it through and it works,” explained Decker. He said, “as the CTC scenarios got harder, you could feel their confidence increase especially the more timid officers who were forced into the IC seat, they ended up really shining in the position.”

Decker expressed that the instructors were awesome and made everyone feel comfortable. He felt the instructors had a learning experience too since they are more familiar with teaching the larger departments who have a lot more resources. Decker explained since the smaller departments have limited resources, their departments run somewhat differently than the larger departments. In Kanab the first alarm is the only alarm and one apparatus has to operate in, sometimes, six different ways to meet the demands of more serious fires. Due to this, the CTC scenarios needed to be tweaked just a bit to create a more realistic scene for the rural department.

Decker said two of the most important lessons learned by using the CTC were that IC is not always the first one at the scene as well as now realizing the value in doing an initial size up report, which previous to CTC, Kanab Chief Decker’s Thoughts on the Mobile CTC had not being doing. by Andrea Hossley Decker’s final words of advice on the CTC were, “[It is] well worth the time - make your guys do it. The learning what to do in certain situations. I was a little nervous espe- experience is just amazing.” He felt the training was fun cially when we got the pre-course work.” The pre-course and said, “UFRA has definitely done a great job on it.” work tends to be daunting to all departments when it is He feels it is necessary for departments to, “Push your initially received. However, Decker felt once his depart- guys through the training and do it. It’s amazing to see ment began to tackle the work is was not as difficult nor the difference that it makes. My guys now are constantly did it take as long to complete as had been perceived. asking me when Phase II is coming out because they’re ready to move on, they’re ready to do it again. I know it’s Decker was excited that the CTC was now a mobile a lot of work, and people say you can’t push volunteers to unit and traveling regionally since, “the people who are do a lot of work, well; you’d be surprised what volunteers always working with you are [those] in [the CTC] with will do if you’d ask them. The more of these guys we can you.” However, the schedule of two eight-hour days was get through [the CTC] the better off we are. I think the a concern for Kanab since they are a volunteer depart- demand for [the CTC] is going to go through the roof.” ment. Breaking up the first 8 hour day into two 4 hour evenings and then one 8 hour day on Saturday helped To make CTC training the best fit for a department, it is ease everyone into the training and gave them time to let a good idea to give UFRA a resource inventory so that the new ideas sink in. Decker felt by the second day ev- scenarios can be tweaked to use resources that are actually eryone had mellowed out and were excited to participate available in the department and from mutual aid agencies. and have their chance at being IC.

April - June 2012 | 41

EARN YOUR EMERGENCY SERVICES DEGREE AT UVU

Now is the time to begin working on your Emergency Ser- vices degree or finish the degree you have been working on. SUMMER 2012 SEMESTER (May 7 - August 10) Why should I earn a college degree? Face to face Classes • Personal improvement • Preparation for promotion ESFF 1000 Introduction to Emergency Services • Expand career opportunities Online CLASSES What degrees are offered? ESFF 1000 Introduction to Emergency Services • One-year certificate – Firefighter Recruit Candidate and/or Paramedic. ESFF 1120 FES Safety and Survival • Associate in Applied Science – Firefighter/Emergency Care and Fire Officer. ESFO 1100 Fire Behavior and Combustion • Associate in Applied Science – Wildland Fire Management Specializations. • Associate in Science. ESFO 1110 Fire Prevention • Online Bachelor of Science in Emergency Services Administration with an emphasis ESFO 2050 Fire Protection Detection Systems in Emergency Management. • Bachelor of Science in Emergency Services Adminis- ESFO 2080 Build Construct Fire Services tration with an emphasis in Emergency Care. ESMG (Online) How do I enroll? ESMG 310G Intro to Homeland Security GI • Apply for admissions by going to: http://www.uvu.edu/admissions/ ESMG 3150 Public Program Administration • If you have attended another college or university, request an official transcript be sent to: ESMG 3200 Health Safety Program Management UVU Admissions Office 800 West University Parkway MS 106 ESMG 3250 Managing Emergency Medical Services Orem, Utah 84058-5999 ESMG 3300 Master Planning for Public ES What will it cost? ESMG 3350 Analytical Research Approaches Public ES • Online ESMG courses are $651.00 per class, while most other courses follow ESMG 4400 Legal Considerations for ES the UVU tuition/fee schedule. • UVU tuition increases every summer. ESMG 4450 Human Factors & Disaster • For official UVU tuition/fee amounts go to: http://www.uvu.edu/tuition/tuitionFees11-12.pdf ESMG 4500 Customer Service/Marketing for ES • Some courses have “course fees” in addition to tuition. ESMG 4550 Principals Disaster & Emergency Mgmt

For more information regarding admissions and ESMG 4600 Public Admin Emergency Management registration, contact our student center at 801-863-7798 or 888-548-7816 to schedule a phone or office appointment ESMG 4650 Emergency Services Capstone with an Emergency Services Academic Advisor.

44 | UFRA Straight Tip EARN YOUR EMERGENCY SERVICES DEGREE AT UVU Crossword Solutions:

1F 2O G 3F I R E S C O P 4E EMSG (Online Continued) X 5B A X Y 6T O O L 7W I ESMG 481R Emergency Services Internship G N S 8C O N S I S T 9R E S 10C U E E D ESMG 489R Undergrad Research in Emergency Mgmt N H 11O O Z E 12S E U ESMG 491R Topics in Cardiology and Medical Trends 13 14 F O A M D U M P T 15C O P ESMG 492R Topics in Trauma and Pharmacology 16V R U 17W 18S G 19A L I 20 21 22 ESMG 493R Topics in Medical Litigation A G E N T H H O S E Y P C E E A O E A P 23B U R N 24A L A R M Enroll early! Please note that courses are subject to S cancellation due to low enrollment

Please check http://www.uvu.edu/ufra/ for current and updated course listings.

AFDAG Grant Open by Steve Lutz

The 2012 Utah Fire Deptart- match must be the same amount contact the local Utah Division ment. Assistance Grant applica- as the request. For example, a of Forestry, Fire and State Lands tion opened online March 1st at $15,000 request will need $15,000 Area Office or Fire Warden. For http://www.ffsl.utah.gov/grants/ worth of in-kind match or hard additional information about the grants.php. The Grant Applica- cash. All receipts for reimburse- Utah Fire Department Assistance tion submittal deadline is Friday, ment must be submitted by Grant please contact Shane Free- April 6, 2012. November 30, 2012 to be eligible man at 801-538-5501. For techni- for reimbursement. All grant cal problems with the application There are a few changes this year: instructions and how to fill out the form please contact Jennifer Biggs No Department of Interior Fund- application can be found on the at 801-538-5465. ing (RFA); Grant application will Grant Guidance and Instructions be limited to $ 15,000 dollars; located at the same web address as Prices and explanation of certain the application. items can be found at the end of the Grant Guidance and Instruc- If departments need additional tions; and In-kind/hard money help with the application, please

April - June 2012 | 45 Nonprofit Organization Nonprofit Organization Nonprofit Organization U.S. POSTAGE U.S. POSTAGE U.S. POSTAGE PAID PAID Utah Valley Utah Valley PAID University University Utah Valley UTAH VALLEY UNIVERSITUTAH VAYLLEY UNIVERSITY University UTA H UTVAAH FIRELLEY AND RESCUE UNIVERSITACADEMY . MS 193 Y . UTAH FIRE AND RESCUE ACADEMY800 WEST MS UNIVERSIT 193 Y PARKWAY, OREM, UT 84058-5999 UTAH FIRE AND RESCUE ACADEMY . MS 193 800 WEST UNIVERSITY PARKWAY, OREM, UT 84058-5999ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED 800 WEST UNIVERSITY PARKWAY, OREM, UT 84058-5999 ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED

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