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A History of Nepal John Whelpton Index More Information Cambridge University Press 0521804701 - A History of Nepal John Whelpton Index More information Index Note: Readers seeking information about particular individuals or events should also consult the ‘Key events’ (pp. x–xviii) and ‘Biographical notes’ (pp. 238–51) sections. The index also omits names of ethnic groups or castes which appear only in table 1.1 (pp. 9–10). abortion, 164 Armenians, 28 Acham, 58, 218 army Acharya, Tanka Prasad, 67, 68, 82–3, 88, 90, 94, contemporary role, 207, 225 155 deployment against Maoists, 218 personal attitudes, 155, 158–63 in early period, 50 as prime minister, 91–2, 133, 168–73 Arniko Rajmarg, 137 Adhikari, Man Mohan, 113, 193 Arthashastra, 252,n.8 administrative system, 129 Arun River, 13, 75, 179 affirmative action, 118 Arya Samaj, 79–80 see also reservations ascetics, 26, 30, 52, 80 Afghanistan, 44, 65 Ashrit, Jivraj, 190 Afghans, 15 Asian Development Bank, 128 Agincourt, Battle of, 38 Assam, 2, 13, 15–16, 112 Agricultural Perspective Plan, 201, 230 assimilation, 3, 11 agricultural tools industry, 133 Auckland, Lord, 44 agriculture, 1, 12, 15, 23, 26 aul, 14, 27 after 1951, 122, 126, 129, 134, 140–4, 200–1, Australia, 134, 148 230–2 Austroasiatic language family, 12 in early period, 16–18 Awadhi language, 15, 186 research in, 135 after unification, 54–5, 74 Back to the Village National Campaign, 108, 109 agro-industry, 147–8 Baglung, 55, 60 air transport, 79, 130, 138–9 Bagmati River, 157 Al Beruni, 180 bahudaliya janbad, 197 alcohol, use of, 159–60, 226–7 Bairagis, 52 All India Gorkha League, 75 baisi kingdoms, 23, 27, 30 All India Nepali National Congress, 68 Balaju, 129, 146 All India Radio, 113, 114 balance of payments, 127 Allahabad, 23 Baldeng, 23 Amlekhganj, 138 Bandipur, 78 Andaman Islands, 11 Banepa, 19, 21, 27 Andhra Pradesh, 206 Bangladesh, 8, 102, 103, 106, 145, 153 animism, 34 see also East Bengal Annapurna, 13 Banke, 43 Arabs, 15, 27 banre, 60 Arghakhanchi, 177, 218 Bardiya, 43–5 Armed Police Force, 209, 210, 222 barley, 16 283 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521804701 - A History of Nepal John Whelpton Index More information 284 Index Basarh, 18 Maithil, 187 ‘Basic Needs’ programme, 127–8 in Newar society, 31 Basque language, 11 as Parbatiya caste, 31, 50, 55, 57, 58, 59, 80, 83 BBC, 113, 173, 213 in politics, 94, 177 Beg, Mirja Dil Sad, 202 Brahmaputra, 6, 13 Belgium, 224 Brigade of Gurkhas, see Gurkhas Benares, 40, 46, 50, 55, 68, 69, 82, 168 Britain, 8, 44, 160 Bengal, 21, 29, 37, 40, 46, 79 post-1947 relations with Nepal, 71–2, 224 Bhagavadgita, 80 aid programme, 134–5 Bhairawa, 87 British Council, 171 Bhakta, Dharma, 82 British India, relations with Nepal, 4 Bhaktapur, 21 1885 to 1947, 61, 64–5, 67–8, 69, 83, 84 as independent state, 16, 22, 32, 33 pre-Shamsher period, 39, 40–1, 42–5, 46–8, in ‘People’s Movement’, 114 50, 58, 59–60, 163 post-1951 changes, 133, 156 Brunei, 229 in post-1951 politics, 106, 109, 110, 155 buckwheat, 16 Bhandari, Madan, 121, 190 Buddha, 18, 53 Bhanubhakta, 81, 168, 185–6 Buddhanilkante School, 134, 167 bharadari, 49–50, 56, 58–9 Buddhism, 3, 26, 176 Bharatiya Janata Party, 214 current status, 184 see also Janata Party (of India) in the hills, 30, 179 bharos, 21 in Kathmandu Valley after 1951, 155–6, 181 Bhattarai, Baburam, 203–5, 206, 208, 216, 218 and the state in Kathmandu Valley, 29–31 Bhattarai, Krishna Prasad, 110, 115, 116, 118, 121, buffaloes, 16, 140 191, 208–9 Build Your Village Yourself programme, 193 Bheri River, 57 bullocks, 18 Bhimphedi, 78 Burma, 13, 64, 67, 71, 178 Bhojpur, 71 Butwal, 2, 23, 42, 134, 135 Bhojpuri language, 15, 186 Bhonta (family), 21–2, 27, 57 Calcutta, 11, 68, 78, 99, 105, 150, 162 Bhonta (region), 27–8 as publishing centre, 168 Bhotiyas, 12, 58, 163 Calcutta University, 63, 84 bhumigat giroh, 110 Capuchins, 33, 37–8 Bhutan, 76 carpet industry, 145, 148, 149, 230 refugee issue, 216 Casino Nepal, 149 Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali, 107 caste system, 8, 14, 30–2, 59, 82, 84 Bihar, 18, 42, 105, 139, 202, 206 in post-Panchayat politics, 118, 206 Bijukche, Narayan Man, 106, 109, 110, 113, 155 and social change after 1951, 155–8, 162–3 Bir Hospital, 78 Catholic Church, 135 Biratnagar, 71, 77, 79, 105, 123, 129, 135, 137 celibacy, 30 Birganj, 62, 79, 131, 133, 134, 138 censorship, 84, 226 Birganj-Hetaura-Kathmandu corridor, 147 Chalukyas, 29 Birla group (of India), 146 Chand, Lokendra Bahadur, 109, 118, 119, 192, birta tenure, 51, 54, 75 195 abolition, 95–6, 103 as prime minister, 110, 115, 196, 221, 222 ‘Bisheshwar with the Poor’ scheme, 193 Changu Narayan, 19 Bista, Kirtinidhi, 102 Chantels, 60 Bombay (Mumbai), 164, 171 chaubisi kingdoms, 23, 27, 28, 30, 59 bonded labour, 53 chaudhuris, 51 see also kamaiyas Chaugera Yogis, 52 Bonus Voucher Scheme, 151 chautara, 49 Bose, Sarat Chandra, 70 cheese production, 134 Brahmans, 11, 24, 26, 39–40, 51–2, 82, 84 Chemins de Katmandu, Les, 173 changes since 1951, 159, 162 Chepangs, 13 as dominant group, 179–80, 181, 184, 233 Chester, Ketaki, 211 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521804701 - A History of Nepal John Whelpton Index More information Index 285 Chetri caste, 31–2, 53, 56, 57, 60, 94 in government, 192–5, 196, 199, 201 as privileged group, 49–50, 85, 185 in opposition, 185–6, 189–90, 195, 196, 197, child labour, 148, 161, 230 222–3, 224, 231 chillies, 16 split in, 197, 199 China, 12, 44, 130, 134, 139, 174 community forestry, 144–5 aid programme, 130, 133, 136 Congress–Rana coalition, 86, 87–8 arms sales, 112, 113 constituent assembly, proposal for, 88, 91, 93, cultural influence, 12, 13 106, 116, 205, 218, 221, 224 economic relations, 27, 153 constitution and Maoist insurgency, 223–4 of 1959, 93 political relations, 4, 19, 28, 37, 39–41, 57, 58, of 1962, 101, 109 86–7, 91, 92, 96–7, 99–103, 130 of 1990, 116–17, 221 Chinese (overseas), 145 Constitution Drafting Commission, 118 Chittaur, 10, 23 construction industry, 146, 147 Chitwan, 137, 180 conversion, religious, 158, 184–5 Christianity, 33, 80–1, 87, 158, 184, 233 copper mining, 55, 60, 66, 77 Chumbi Valley, 76 corruption, 95, 109, 111, 119, 138–9, 146, 147, 148, Churautes, 11 149, 178, 186–8, 201, 211 Church of Scotland, 80 cottage industry, 77, 147, 149 Churia hills, see Siwaliks cows, 140 CIA, 103, 216 cow slaughter, 56 cigarette industry, 77, 133 Curzon, Lord, 64 cinema, 139, 171 Cwasa Pasa, 182 Hindi, 171–2 Nepali, 171, 172–3, 226 Dahal, Pushpa Kumar, see Prachanda class organisations, 101–2, 109 Dalai Lama, 96 climate, 8–11 Dang, 15, 166, 180–3, 218 Colombo Scholarship Scheme, 135 Darjeeling, 57, 76, 79, 80–1, 87, 162 Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of as cultural influence, 165, 167, 168, 183, 184, 185 Authority (CIAA), 211 ‘Gorkhaland’ agitation, 112, 185–6, 189–90 Commonwealth, 135 Das, Lakshmi, 59 communism (as ideology), 173–4, 175, 176, 233 Dasain, 56–7 Communist Party of Nepal, 88, 89, 93 Dasdhunga incident, 190 in 1959 election, 94, 96, 203 daura-sawal, 160 post-1960 splinter groups, 105–6, 107, 110, 141, debt (national), 128 177 debt (private), 122, 141, 176, 231 and B. P. Koirala’s government, 90–8 decentralisation, 126, 233 legalisation of, 91–2 deforestation, 3, 15, 16, 17, 55, 122–3, 140 Communist Party of Nepal (Democratic), 121 Dehradun, 80 Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), 195 Delhi Sultanate, 22 see also Maoist insurgency democracy Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist), 113, 117 attitude of left towards, 119 Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist), effect on language, 154–5 106, 107, 113–14, 117 as ideology, 79, 82, 173, 174–5 1998 revival, 197, 199 Deng Xiaoping, 153 ideology, 174 desa, 56 in Panchayat politics, 110 Desideri, Fr, 33 in ‘People’s Movement’, 113, 115–17 Deuba, Sher Bahadur, 190, 195–6, 202, 204, 209, and the referendum, 108 222, 231 Communist Party of Nepal (Masal), see Masal rivalry with Koirala, 211, 219–21 Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal), see Mashal Devaladevi, 22 Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Devanagari script, 186 Marxist-Leninist), 175 development (as ideology), 173 in 1990 election campaign, 117–21 development districts, 126 attitude to Maoists, 207, 218, 219 Devkota, Devi Prasad, 82 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521804701 - A History of Nepal John Whelpton Index More information 286 Index Devkota, Lakshmi Prasad, 168–9 ethnic activism, 4–5, 117, 155, 162, 177, 178, Dhading, 138, 179 179–80, 186–8, 232–4 Dhangar language, see Kurukh language ethnicity, 118, 162, 178–83, 186–8 Dhankuta, 71 Eton, 167 Dharan, 24, 137 Europe, 8, 11–14, 139, 148, 149 dharmashastras, 50 Europeans, 3, 16 dhunga, 56 Everest, Mt, 74, 96, 149, 150 Dibya Upadesh, 37, 56 exchange rate, 127, 133, 151, 152 diet, 159 Exporters’ Exchange Entitlement Scheme, 151 Dolakha, 51, 57, 134, 200 Doms, 11, 163 family planning, 140 Doti, 58 fertiliser, 143, 231 Doyas, 21–2, 35 feudalism, 21 Dravidian language family, 11–12 film industry, see cinema Dravidians, 16 First World War, 64, 66, 67, 75, 76 dress, 160 forced labour, 28, 53, 95, 179–80 drugs, 111, 226 foreign aid, 103, 128–37, 227–8 Dudh Kosi, 57 problems of, 135–7 Dumakhal, 18 forestry, 96, 134, 144–5 Dunai, 209 Fourth Convention, 106, 107–8, 113–14, 116, 119, dvairajya, 19 203 France, 69–70 earthquake (of 1934), 65 Fulbright scholarships, 130 East Bengal, 152 East India Company, 4, 37–9, 50, 54 Gaine caste, 170 see also British India Gandaki basin, 23, 39 East–West Highway, 133, 137–8 Gandaki River, 8, 97, 145 Eastern Europe, 113, 114, 175 Gandaki scheme, 132 economic planning, 125–8 Gandhi, Indira, 101–3, 105, 153 Economic
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