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Features of Interactions Between Research Groups and Organizations

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Features of Interactions Between Research Groups and Organizations Features of interactions between research groups and organizations: evidence from a longitudinal analysis of the Brazilian innovative health system Janaina Ruffoni (PPGE /UNISINOS) Research Group: Innovation Systems, Strategy and Policies (InSysPo) Ana Lucia Tatsch (PPGE/UFRGS), Marisa Botelho (PPGE/UFU), Lara Stumpf International Seminar - Innovation Ecosystems, Upgrading, and Regional Development (FCE/UFRGS) and Rafael Stefani Session 3 - Regional Innovation Ecosystems, Smart Specialization, GVCs (PPGE/UFRGS) Campinas, June 7th, 2018. Summary 1. Subjects 2. Research question and objective 3. TheoreticaL framework 4. Method 5. Discussion 6. Conclusions 1. Subjects Innovation in human health area: • A Science-based character of different segments - ‘drug and pharmaceutical industrY’ and ‘medicaL machinery and equipment’ - make these sectors important from the point of innovative activities. • Networks structured bY muLtipLe agents are the tYpicaL organizationaL waY to generate knowLedge and carrY out innovative processes in the heaLth area. This studY aims to contribute to the characterization of processes that generate knowledge and innovation in the health sector in emerging countries such as BraziL. 2. Research question and objective Research question Which features are presented in the interaction networks between research groups* and other organizations** in the health sector in emerging countries? And how have such networks evolved recentLY? Objective Examine how the networks have been characterized over time and how they have evolved concerning their characteristics and attributes. * UniversitY-based research groups. ** Firms, hospitaLs, universities, associations, coLLeges and pubLic institutions. 3. Theoretical framework Evolutionary Economy and Geography • Innovation as a social process • Interactions with different actors to deveLop and transfer knowledge. • Proximities as important factor to expLain interactions. • Innovation system. • Innovation in human health area • Interactions, muLtidiscipLinaritY, and diversitY of actors. 4. Method • The database used was ‘DGP/CNPq’ CNPq is BraziL’s NationaL CounciL for Scientific and TechnologicaL DeveLopment. DGP is the ‘DirectorY of Research Groups’ registered at CNPq. It is the onLY database avaiLabLe in BraziL with a Large amount of data reLated to research groups that interact with diverse organizations. • The data was coLLected from three censuses for a longitudinal analysis: 2010, 2014 and 2016 (data for the Year 2012 were not avaiLable) • The method chosen was the Social Network Analysis (SNA). It fits appropriatelY with the proposaL and object of anaLYsis: the interactions estabLished bY the research groups. 4. Method • Rio Grande do Sul (RS) was chosen as subject and this state is: * the third highest number of interactive research groups in all areas of knowledge in BraziL, surpassed onLY bY São PauLo and Rio de Janeiro (DGP, 2016) * the third highest number of interactive research groups in heaLth sciences; • Porto Alegre is the capital of RS and its metropoLitan region (RMPA): * is one of BraziL’s regions with greater scientific specialization in health. It was aLready highlighted back in 2006 (Chaves and Albuquerque, 2006) and remains a realitY todaY. Rio Grande do SuL (RS) Porto Alegre Located at the extreme south of BraziL Capital of RS MetropoLitan Region of Porto ALegre (RMPA) Composed of 30 cities located in the east of RS 5. Discussion a) Interactive research groups * Numbers, knowLedge areas, institutions and geographic Locations b) Organizations *Numbers, types and geographicaL locations c) Networks *Figures, indicators, and some others characteristics. Interactive Research Groups Interactive research groups, organizations and interactios in TotaL and Interactive research groups in the heaLth area the heaLth area Rio Grande do Sul (RS) 700 Rio Grande do Sul (RS) 609 600 368 528 Interactions 240 500 467 130 400 240 Interactive organizations 150 300 112 200 180 121 180 Interactive research groups 121 100 53 53 0 Research groups Interactive reseach groups 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 2010 2014 2016 2016 2014 2010 Interactive Research Groups Specific knowLedge fieLd of interactive research groups in the heaLth area Rio Grande do Sul (RS) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Nursing Nutrition Dentistry Medicine Pharmacy Speech Therapy ColLective Health PhysicaL Education Therapy Physiotherapy and OccupationaL 2010 2014 2016 Interactive Research Groups InstitutionaL and geographicaL lócus of interactive research groups in the heaLth area of RMPA Rio Grande do Sul (RS) Total interactive research groups in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) 68% Total interactive research groups in the RMPA 64% 66% UFRGS (FederaL UniversitY of Rio Grande do SuL) UFRGS is a traditional public university and important actor in the BraziLian innovation and knowLedge sYstem. PUCRS (PontificaL Catholic University of Rio Grande do SuL) PUCRS is a traditional private university and important actor HCPA (Porto ALegre Clinical Hospital) in the BraziLian innovation and knowLedge sYstem, too. UFCSPA (FederaL UniversitY of HeaLth Sciences of Porto Alegre) HCPA is considered as a national reference in universitY hospitaLs. Since 2009, it was chosen bY the MinistrY of ULBRA (Lutheran UniversitY of BraziL) Education to transfer its management modeL to the other UniversitY HospitaLs. It currentLY has more than 5,000 IC-FUC (Institute of CardiologY) empLoYees. UFCSPA Is a federaL institution of higher education UNISINOS (UniversitY of the VaLe do Rio dos Sinos) speciaLized in the heaLth area. IPA (Methodist University Center – IPA) IBTEC (BraziLian Institute of TechnologY for Leather, Footwear, and Artifacts) Conceição Hospital Inedi ColLege 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 2016 2014 2010 Interactive Research Groups InstitutionaL and geographicaL lócus of interactive research groups in the heaLth area of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) 32% Total interactive research groups in Rio Grande do Sul (except RMPA) 36% 34% UFSM (FederaL UniversitY of Santa Maria) UFSM and UFPEL are public universities UFPEL (FederaL UniversitY of Pelotas) located in the center and south of the RS, UCS (UniversitY of Caxias do SuL) respectiveLY. UPF (UniversitY of Passo Fundo) UNIVATES (UniversitY of VaLe do Taquari) UCS and UPF are private universities located UNIFRA (Franciscan UniversitY Center) in the northeast of RS. UNICRUZ (UniversitY of Cruz Alta) UNIPAMPA (FederaL UniversitY of Pampa) IMED ColLege FURG (Federal University of Rio Grande) UNIJUI (RegionaL UniversitY of the Northwest of the State of Rio Grande do SuL) URI (Integrated RegionaL UniversitY of Alto Uruguai and Missões) UNISC (UniversitY of Santa Cruz do SuL) UCPEL (CathoLic UniversitY of Pelotas) SETREM (Três de Maio Educational Society) IFFar (FarroupiLha Federal Institute) ICCA (Institute of CardiologY of Cruz ALta) URCAMP (UniversitY of the Campaign Region) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2016 2014 2010 Organizations TotaL number of organizations that Types of Organizations interact with the research groups 90 250 Universities - private and public. Examples: 80 UFRGS, UNICAMP, USP, UFMG, UFRJ, Padova UniversitY, George Washington UniversitY and others. 200 Firms - private and public. ExampLes: 200 70 Lifemed, AzaLéia Shoes, Sanofi-Aventis PharmaceuticaL, Eurofarma Labs, Pfizer, GeYer Medicines and others. 60 Other types of public institutions - ExampLes: CitY HaLL of PeLotas, Institute 150 of Drugs’ TechnoLogY, Department of HeaLth SurveiLLance, OswaLdo Cruz 150 Foundation and others. 50 Colleges - ExampLes: Nursing CoLLege of Coimbra, Integrated FacuLtY of Santa Maria, FederaL Institute of Rio Grande do SuL, and others. 112 40 Hospital - ExampLes: Porto ALegre CLinicaL HospitaL (HCPA), Institute of CardioLogy of Rio Grande do SuL, Mãe de Deus HospitaL, LiverpooL Heart 100 and Chest HospitaL. 30 Association - ExampLes: Porto ALegre CLinicaL HospitaL (HCPA), Institute of CardioLogY of Rio Grande do SuL, Mãe de Deus HospitaL, LiverpooL Heart 20 and Chest Hospital. 50 10 0 0 Number of Organizations UniversitY Firm Other types of ColLege Hospital Association public institutions 2010 2014 2016 2010 2014 2016 Geographic location of organizations that interact with research group in heaLth area Organizations - RMPA, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), BR and Abroad - Association College Firm Hospital Public Institution University 70 Influence of Geographical Proximity Institucional Proximity 60 30 50 1 3 20 40 7 9 7 1 4 1 1 1 7 30 8 6 1 7 36 7 4 3 3 43 7 20 26 29 3 31 22 20 18 15 16 10 2 13 1 2 6 3 6 1 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 0 1 1 1 1 2 RMPA RS BR Abroad RMPA RS BR Abroad RMPA RS BR Abroad 42 2010 33 2014 37 2016 Networks Networks with institutionaL lócus of research groups and organizations FigureFigure XXXX -- NetworkNetwork amongamong2010 institutionsinstitutions,,, 201020102010... FigureFigureFigure XXXXXX --- NetworkNetworkNetwork amongamong2014 institutionsinstitutionsinstitutions,, 20142014.. FigureFigure XX XX - - Network Network among among2016 institutions institutions, ,,2016. 2016.2016. Source: Source: DGP DGP data data 2010 2010 with with Gephi Gephi 0.9.2. 0.9.2. Research Groups Universi Source:Source:Source:ty and DGP DGPDGP College data datadata 2010 20102010 with withwith GephiGephi Hospital 0.9.2.0.9.2. Firm Associa Source: Source:tion DGP DGP data data 2010 2010Public with withInstitution Gephi Gephi 0.9.2. 0.9.2. CategoryCategory –– ??Institucional????Institucional?? NetworkNetwork ResearchResearch GroupsGroups UniversityUniversityUniversity andandand CollegeCollegeCollege Hospital Hospital FirmFirm
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