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International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume V, Issue IV, April 2018 | ISSN 2321–2705 A Novel Approach of Power Production and Extraction from the Industrial Smoke and Waste

V. Geetha1, A. Thangam2, R. Tharini3, R. Abinaya4 , M. Surekha5 1, 2, 3IV-YEAR-B.E- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India 4II-YEAR-M.E-Embedded System Technologies, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India 5Assistant Professor-Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract: Now a day’s global warming is one of the major production and forest growth. As climatic pattern shifts, rain problems facing around the world. It is due to the formation of fall is reduced and soils are dried out resulting in major co2 in the atmosphere from the sources like automobiles, . As the earth becomes warmer the floods and industries, burning etc. Not only gas become more frequent. Efficiently remove carbon di release from the industries but also carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide from smoke stacks to invest ―A novel power production oxide, sulphur dioxide, hydro carbon and other toxic gases also released which affect the entire global system. We produce from industrial waste‖ that reduce emission in developing power from coal, nuclear and natural gas, these causes hazards countries. This is the easiest method in the production of in additional to the power developed. It exploits our , electricity from the industries itself for their sustainable pollutes over environment. But we need power and nature at the development. In order to keep the earth bright, we need light same time. To increase the power consumption to decrease the which is in the form of electricity. We have coal, water, air, pollution we turned towards our natural source of energy like nuclear and many more. We are there with an idea to make solar, water, wind and tide. We are making use of solar, energy, use of high potential energy in the form of waste and smoke wind energy and tidal energy to the fullest, but their some from the industry. This is not hazardous in any way and will opportunities to use energy from in so many ways. We had compensate the need of electricity for our daily survival. This adopted one such method to develop electricity to meet some basic needs. Our aim of this research paper is to develop paper is mainly need for us now, the power demand is high. This power produced can’t compensate the entire needs of the sustainable development in all countries by reducing co2 and other gases by effective method of proposed system. This method people. Only small drops can make a big ocean. This power certainly minimise the evolution of co2 and other harmful gases can be saved by using this method. This is not developed to in the atmosphere and make use it as fuel and also in order to meet big demands, but to help some small needs and increase the production strength of electricity ,here we combined moreover, the power saved today is power generated for with the methane extraction from the waste of industry. This tomorrow. proposed system also maintains the quality of the air. If this may be practised by all industries it protects the world from the Concentrations of carbon dioxide is increased by 40 natural calamities. The simulations of the results are shown in per cent between 1880 and 2012 and are now higher than at the plc. The main objective of the system is to make use of the any time in at least 800,000 years. As a result, global harmful smoke which was evolved from the industries and also temperatures are 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than in 1900, recycle of waste into useful methane, which have to be made Arctic sea ice is shrinking, sea levels are 8 inches higher, usage for the production of the electricity. ocean acidity is on the rise, and the geographical ranges of Keywords: Industrial smoke, Methane, Boiler, Turbine, many plants and animals are shifting. "The evidence is clear," Alternator and Load reads the report. "However, due to the nature of science, not every single detail is ever totally settled or completely certain. I. INTRODUCTION Nor has every pertinent question yet been answered. "Key areas of uncertainty highlighted in the report include the cause ccording to the World Health Organization (W.H.O) of the recent slowdown in warming, known as the hiatus; more than 1.1 billion people living in the urban areas A estimates of how much warming can be expected in the where also outdoor is unhealthy to breath. The presence of future; the connections between and extreme higher amount of carbon di oxide in the air is due to the weather events such as the frequency and intensity of cutting down trees, domestic sewage, , hurricanes, droughts, and floods; and the role of clouds. raising sea level, industrial growth etc. High carbon di oxide "Sadly, in today's political environment, where climate change level in the atmosphere has long term negative effects on crop www.rsisinternational.org Page 308

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume V, Issue IV, April 2018 | ISSN 2321–2705 denial is pervasive at our highest levels of government, it several decades is way beyond where the models generally seems that the message is not being heard. conclude we should be," he said. To move the debate forward on how to respond to climate change, the document describes This proposed system consists of the various blocks in order available options, ranging from doing nothing and accepting to extract the smoke from the industry and to utilize the the "losses, damage and suffering that arise," to a change in harmful gases into the useful manner in the form of electricity. energy production and usage to limit The harmful gases released from the industry through emissions or "geoengineering" of the climate to counteract chimney to the atmosphere are get collected in the tank and some of the changes. Which option or portfolio of options pumped into the another tank, which filled by water and let to society ultimately chooses is up for debate. What's important the sewage tank. From the sewage tank bi carbonate is for the scientific academies is that the debate occurs. Even as obtained. Methane is extracted from the waste of industry in the scientific process evolves and raises new questions about another tank simultaneously. The bi-carbonate produced and climate change, the evidence is clear that human activity is methane extracted is getting combined in to another tank and forcing the climate to change, according to the report. give as input to the burner. Because of the burning property "Uncertainty," Fung said, "does not challenge my certainty present in the gases, it gets burn easily which replaces the coal about the fact the planet will warm." and that support the turbine to rotate in order to produce the electricity. As per the reference of No Proof of Man-Made Climate Change, Says Greenpeace Co-founder Written by Jack II. LITERATURE SURVEY Kenny. There is no scientific proof of man-made climate As per the Climate Change Report Says By John Roach in change, a co-founder of Greenpeace told a committee of the NBC news, Experts are more certain than ever that human U.S. Senate, rebutting claims made by environmental activity is changing the global climate, even though they don't activists, prominent politicians, and a steady stream of media fully understand every detail of the climate system, according reports of a nearly unanimous "consensus" among scientists to a new report released Wednesday by two of the world's about "overwhelming" evidence that man-made emissions of leading scientific bodies. The document from the U.S. greenhouse gases. mainly carbon dioxide are responsible for National Academy of Sciences and the United Kingdom's global warming. "There is no scientific proof that human Royal Society aims to move the climate change debate beyond emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) are the dominant cause of humans' role in global warming to a discussion of how to limit the minor warming of the Earth's atmosphere over the past the impacts on society. "Climate change is happening. We see 100 years," Patrick Moore said in his prepared remarks to it in temperature, we see it in the melting ice, and we see it in members of the Senate Environment and Public Works sea-level rise," InezFung, an atmospheric scientist at the Committee Tuesday. A Canadian ecologist and business University of California at Berkeley and a co-lead author of consultant, Moore was a co-founder of the environmental the report, told NBC News. The changes are due to rising activist group Greenpeace as a Ph.D. student in 1971. Moore atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide with a chemical left the group in 1986, after it made what he described as a signature from the burning of fossil fuels, she added. The "sharp turn to the political left " and began espousing policies report, "Climate Change: Evidence and Causes," is written in he could not longer support, though opposition to global simple language and filled with pictures and graphs to warming was not then among them. "Climate change was not illustrate why scientists are certain human activity is causing an issue when I abandoned Greenpeace, but it certainly is the climate to change. Clear evidence and uncertainty now," Moore said. But increases in the earth's surface and atmospheric temperatures are nothing new, he reminded the As per the reference of Roger Pielke Jr., a climate policy senators, as he noted little correlation between increases in analyst and professor of environmental studies at the carbon dioxide emissions and a heating of the planet. The University of Colorado at Boulder, told NBC News in an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, he noted, has email. Ho-hummery aside, the National Academy of Sciences declared it "extremely likely that human influence has been and Royal Society were compelled to make a statement, the dominant cause of the observed warming trend since the according to MichaelMann, a climate scientist at Pennsylvania mid-20th century. " State University in University Park. "Sadly, in today's political environment, where is As per the reference of The IPCC states that humans are pervasive at our highest levels of government, it seems that the dominant cause of warming "since the mid-20th the message is not being heard," he told NBC News via email. century," which is 1950. From 1910 to 1940, there was an In fact, from Mann's perspective, the report is too increase in global average temperature of 0.5°C over that 30- conservative. For example, he said, it fails to acknowledge year period. Then there was a 30-year "pause" until 1970. that climate models often underestimate the rate of change. This was followed by an increase of 0.57°C during the 30- "This is clearly true with respect to Arctic sea ice, where the year period from 1970 to 2000. Since then there has been no precipitous decline seen in the observations over the past increase, perhaps a slight decrease, in average global www.rsisinternational.org Page 309

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume V, Issue IV, April 2018 | ISSN 2321–2705 temperature. This in itself tends to negate the validity of the As per the reference of Major Increase in West Antarctic computer models, as CO2 emissions have continued to Glacial LossMar. 26, 2014 — Six massive glaciers in West accelerate during this time. The increase in temperature Antarctica are moving faster than they did 40 years ago, between 1910-1940 was virtually identical to the increase causing more ice to discharge into the ocean and global sea between 1970-2000. Yet the IPCC does not attribute the level to rise. increase from 1910-1940 to "human influence." They are clear As per the reference of Causes and Consequences of Global in their belief that human emissions impact only the increase Climate Warming 56 Million Years AgoMar. 25, 2014 — "since the mid-20th century." Why does the IPCC believe that Scientists have ruled out the hypothesis that the fall in sea a virtually identical increase in temperature after 1950 is level was responsible for unleashing global warming 56 caused mainly by "human influence" when it has no million years ago. he growing and justified concern about the explanation for the nearly identical increase from 1910-1940. current global Reaching further back in time, Moore spoke of CO2 levels and temperature changes in days long before humankind As per the reference of Ancient Indonesian Climate Shift invented the internal combustion engine and roamed the earth Linked to Glacial CycleMar. 24, 2014 — Researchers have in SUVs." When modern life evolved over 500 million years compiled a detailed climate record for central Indonesia over ago, CO2 was more than 10 times higher than today, yet life the last 60,000 years. They find that prolonged dry spell in the flourished at this time," he added. "Then an Ice Age occurred region thousands of years ago correlates with the peak 450 million years ago when CO2 was 10 times higher than As per the reference of Lots of Carbon Dioxide Equivalents today." The human species came into being and developed in from Aquatic EnvironmentsMar. 24, 2014 — Large warm climates, he said. amounts of carbon dioxide equivalents taken up by plants on "It is important to recognize, in the face of dire predictions land are returned to the atmosphere from aquatic about a rise in global average temperature, that humans are a environments. The findings were that emissions of carbon tropical species". Those adaptations enabled the human dioxide equivalents. species to survive long enough to invent a great many things, As per the reference of Southeast England Most at Risk of including sophisticated, but highly fallible, computer models, Rising Deaths Due to Climate ChangeMar. 23, 2014 — Moore maintained. In its report on Moore's testimony, Fox Warmer summers brought on by climate change will cause News noted that a United Nations report on the scientific data more deaths in London and southeast England than the rest of about climate change released last September acknowledged the country, scientists predict. In the most vulnerable districts, there had been no increase in global surface temperatures over in London and . the previous 15 years. The 2,200-page report attributed that to a number of factors, including reduced heating from the sun As per the reference of Deep Ocean Current May Slow Due and the ocean acting like a "heat sink" to suck up extra to Climate ChangeMar. 21, 2014 — Far beneath the surface warmth in the atmosphere. of the ocean, deep currents act as conveyer belts, channeling heat, carbon, oxygen and nutrients around the globe. A new As per the reference of Southeast England Most at Risk of study has found that recent climate change may be occur. Rising Deaths Due to Climate Change dated on Mar. 23, 2014 — Warmer summers brought on by climate change will As per the reference of Thaw Exacerbates cause more deaths in London and southeast England than the Climate ChangeMar. 21, 2014 — Growing season gains do rest of the country, scientists predict. In the most vulnerable not offset carbon emissions from permafrost thaw, new districts, in London. research shows. Permafrost contains three to seven times the amount of carbon sequestered in tropical forests. As per the reference of Seasonal Arctic Summer Ice Extent Still Hard to Forecast, Study SaysonMar. 27, 2014 — As per the reference of Goldilocks Principle: Earth's Scientists analyzed 300 summer Arctic sea ice forecasts from Continued Habitability Due to Geologic Cycles That Act 2008 to 2013 and found that forecasts are quite accurate when as Climate ControlMar. 19, 2014 — Scientists have shown sea ice conditions are close to the downward trend that has how geologic process regulates the amount of carbon dioxide been observed . in the atmosphere. Researchers have documented evidence suggesting that part of the reason that Earth has become . As per the reference of A More Potent Greenhouse Gas Than Carbon Dioxide, Will Leap as As per the reference of Global Warming May Increase Earth WarmsMar. 27, 2014 — New research indicates that Methane Emissions from Freshwater EcosystemsMar. 19, for each degree that the Earth's temperature rises, the amount 2014 — Rising global temperatures will increase the quantity of methane entering the atmosphere from microorganisms of the key greenhouse gas methane emitted from freshwater dwelling in lake sediment and freshwater. ecosystems to Earth's atmosphere -- which could in turn lead to further warming. www.rsisinternational.org Page 310

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume V, Issue IV, April 2018 | ISSN 2321–2705

III. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

Leather Chimney waste

Methane Smoke Tank Water tank Sewage tank extracted tank

Pump PumpPump

Water inlet Turbine Boiler Burner

Pump

Alternator Load

Fig.1 Block diagram of proposed system

Fig 1 depicts the overall concept of the novel method of power production from the industrial smoke and waste. The smoke released from the industry is collected in the smoke collection tank and with the support of pump the smoke is drawn to the second tank. Second tank is filled with water in the ratio of 1:4, So that smoke occupies the empty space in the water tank and cooled in the water tank. From the water tank the cooled state smoke is pumped and fed to the sewage tank, so that the carbon present in the smoke removed from the smoke and oxygen is produced. Due to the removal of carbon and generation of oxygen in the tank flammable bi carbonate gas is produced and contaminate in the bottom of the tank. In order to increase the burning capacity, methane is extracted from the waste materials from the industry in the fourth tank and bi carbonate gas is pumped to the methane tank. So that there is a mixture of methane and bi carbonate takes place, which further increase the burning capacity. The produced gases are led to the burner for the burning process and given to the boiler. From the boiler steam is produced in order to Fig.2 Ladder diagram for proposed system drive the turbine. The turbine rotates continuously and produces a mechanical energy. With the support of generator V. CONCLUSION mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and connected to the load. So that we can produce more amount of This research paper focuses on solving the issues of the global electricity from the industrial waste without affecting the warming, to reduce the increase of the hazardous gases in the environment. atmosphere and reduce the power demand with in low cost and eco-friendly. In this method we are implementing our idea IV. RESULT AND ANALYSIS to produce energy and tempted new way for clean energy from the industrial waste. There are many industries releasing The simulation results are shown in the form of ladder logic in the smoke from the chimney’s daily and that smoke pollute plc for the proposed system. the environment. In order to make the harmful smoke in to the www.rsisinternational.org Page 311

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