Ein Stilles Credo J. S. Bachs

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Ein Stilles Credo J. S. Bachs CHRISTIAN OVERSTOLZ EIN STILLES CREDO J.S. B AC H S Präludium und Fuge in A-Dur aus dem Wohltemperierten Klavier I 29 Cornelius Petrus Mayer dem Herausgeber des Augustinus-Lexikons und des Corpus Augustinianum Gissense zum 70. Geburtstag und Angelika, meiner lieben Frau, in Dankbarkeit gewidmet 29 SDG Mt 24,30.31: Und dann wird erscheinen das Zeichen des Menschensohns am Himmel. Und dann werden wehklagen alle Geschlechter auf Erden und werden sehen den Menschensohn kommen auf den Wolken des Himmels mit großer Kraft und Herrlichkeit. 31Und er wird seine Engel senden mit hellen Posaunen, und sie werden seine Auserwählten sammeln von den vier Winden, von einem Ende des Himmels bis zum ander n. Der Weltenrichter erscheint nach dem Symbolum Nicenum ‹cum gloria›. Darum steht sein Kreuz auf dem 29. Ton des Christusbasses (29 = SDG, Soli Deo Gloria). CHRISTIAN OVERSTOLZ EIN STILLES CREDO J.S. B ACHS Zweite, vollständig überarbeitete Auflage 2012 SCHWABE VERLAG BASEL © 2012 by Schwabe AG, Verlag, Basel Gestaltung und Satz: Urs Stöcklin, Muttenz Druck: Schwabe AG, Druckerei, Muttenz/Basel Printed in Switzerland ISBN 978-3-7965-2912-2 Inhalt Dank . 9 Vorbemerkung zur zweiten Auflage . 11 Einleitung . 13 Teil 1 Das Präludium . 17 A. Seine drei Themen und deren Sinn . 17 B. Zwischenspiele und Nachspiel . 21 C. Der Bauplan des Präludiums . 24 D. Zahlenverschlüsselungen . 25 1. Die Drei . 25 2. Die Dreissig: Numerus Christi . 25 3. Die Neununddreissig . 26 4. Die Zweiundvierzig und die Achtundsiebzig . 32 5. Die Neunundvierzig und die Zweiundsiebzig . 34 6. Gematrische Zahlen im Nachspiel . 35 E. Das Präludium und seine Darsteller . 37 Teil 2 Die Fuge: ein erster Gang durch das Werk . 39 A. Thema und Problematik der Fuge . 39 1. Das Fugenthema: gehörmässiger Eindruck . 39 2. Fugenthema und Präludienthemen . 40 3. Schwierigkeit der Analyse, Gang der Untersuchung . 42 B. Ein Zugangspfad zum Werk . 45 1. Das Kreuz der Takte 49 und 50: Pfingsten . 45 2. Das Kreuz der Takte 29 und 30: Ostern . 46 3. Das Kreuz der Takte 23–28 und sein Rätsel: Crucifixus oder Incarnatus? 50 4. Das sechstönige Inkarnationsmotiv und seine Verwandten: die Geist-Quinte, die Vom-Himmel-Hoch-Sexte und das Marienmotiv . 56 5. Christlicher Glaube als Glaube an den Vater, den Sohn und den Heiligen Geist (Takte 20–22) . 61 C. Der erste Teil der Fuge (Takte 1–19/20) . 64 1. Gottvater und Christus als A und O . 64 2. Der Glaube als Widerschein Gottes und Christi . 71 3. Die fünf Weltzeiten des Alten Bundes . 72 5 D. Die Sechzehntelbewegung der Fugenmitte: die Zeit des Erdenwirkens Christi (Takt 22/3–41/2) . 75 1. Der Dur-Teil: das Thronen Christi (Takte 31/32), ein Nachtrag . 75 2. Der Moll-Teil: die Zeit zwischen Ostern und Christi Himmelfahrt (Takte 33–41/2) . 80 E. Der dritte Teil der Fuge: das Umfeld von Pfingsten (Takte 42–54) . 92 1. Vor Pfingsten (Takte 42–48) . 92 2. Nach Pfingsten (Takte 51–54) . 96 F. Der Bauplan der Fuge (Themenauftritte) . 100 Teil 3 Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern . 103 A. Präludium und Fuge im Banne des Liedes vom Morgenstern . 103 B. Seine Worte: eine Dichtung zu Epiphanias . .111 1. Das Lied und seine Einordnung in den Gesangbüchern (Rubrizierung) . 111 2. Die erste Strophe des Morgensternliedes . 112 3. Die weiteren Strophen des Morgensternliedes . 113 4. Die weiteren Liedstrophen, Bachs Zwiesprache mit ihnen . 115 C. Weihnachten – Epiphanias . 117 D. Beiträge des Morgensterns an die Deutung von Einzelstellen der Fuge . 125 1. Der Morgenstern der Offenbarung: zur Deutung der vier Schlusstakte . 125 2. «voll Gnad und Wahrheit von dem Herrn» . 127 3. ... (du hast mich ewig vor der Welt) «in deinem Sohn geliebet» . 131 Teil 4 Unsere Fuge: ein stilles Credo J.S. Bachs? Knacknüsse . 133 A. Gott und Christus als Schöpfer von Zeit und Raum, von allem Sichtbaren und Unsichtbaren . 134 B. Gottvater und Christus: zwei Personen, ein Wesen . 136 C. Kreuzigung und Tod Christi . 139 D. Vom Gekreuzigten zum Auferstehenden: eine Transformation derselben Noten . 146 E. Der begrabene Christus (Sepultus) . 150 F. Wiederkunft Christi . 151 G. Sprechender Heiliger Geist . 156 H. Die Taufe . 158 I. Die Kirche (ecclesia) . 166 K. Eigenschaften der ecclesia: una, sancta, catholica et apostolica . 168 a) die eine und einige Kirche . 168 b) die heilige Kirche . 169 c) die katholische Kirche . 169 d) die apostolische Kirche . 169 e) Tempel und Kirche, ein wichtiger Nachtrag . 173 L. Et exspecto resurrectionem mortuorum. Et vitam venturi saeculi . 177 M. Das Amen . 181 6 N. Exkurs: Zur Herkunft von Bachs Amen . 187 O. Der Taktumfang der Fuge . 192 Teil 5 Die A-Dur-Fuge als Ausdruck des Symbolum Nicenum, eine Zusammenfassung . 193 Teil 6 Zur Symbolsprache Bachs: Vorgehensweisen bei der Umsetzung des Symbolum Nicenum . 219 A. Benützung von musikalisch-rhetorischen Figuren . 219 1. Spezifische Bildfiguren . 220 a) Katabasis und Anabasis (mitbehandelt: Suspiratio, Saltus duriusculus und Antitheton) . 220 b) Kyklosis . 221 c) Klimax . 227 d) Antitheton . 228 e) Hyperbole . 228 f) Passus duriusculus . 229 g) Trillo . 229 2. Freie Bildfiguren . 229 3. Kompositionen als Reden? . 233 B. Verborgene Bezüge auf textgebundene Werke: vom Nehmen und Geben unserer Fuge . 235 1. Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern . 235 2. Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her – eine singende Sexten-Katabasis . 237 3. Nach dir, Herr, verlanget mich . 239 4. Magnificat . 242 5. Sie werden aus Saba alle kommen . 243 6. Wer da gläubet und getauft wird . 245 7. Wir gläuben all an einen Gott, BWV 680 . 245 C. Zahlenverschlüsselungen . 248 D. Mehrschichtigkeit von Noten . ..
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