185 Genus Cerautola Libert
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Butterflies-Of-Thailand-Checklist-2018
PAPILIONIDAE Parnassinae: Bhutanitis lidderdalii ocellatomaculata Great Bhutan ผเี สอื้ ภฐู าน Papilioninae: Troides helena cerberus Common Birdwing ผเี สอื้ ถงุ ทองป่ าสงู Troides aeacus aeacus Golden Birdwing ผเี สอื้ ถงุ ทองธรรมดา Troides aeacus malaiianus Troides amphrysus ruficollis Malayan Birdwing ผเี สอื้ ถงุ ทองปักษ์ใต ้ Troides cuneifera paeninsulae Mountain Birdwing ผเี สอื้ ถงุ ทองภเู ขา Atrophaneura sycorax egertoni Whitehead Batwing ผเี สอื้ คา้ งคาวหวั ขาว Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus Burmese Batwing ผเี สอื้ ปีกคา้ งคาวพมา่ Atrophaneura varuna varuna Malayan Batwing ผเี สอื้ ปีกคา้ งคาวมาเลย์ Atrophaneura varuna astorion Common Batwing ผเี สอื้ ปีกคา้ งคาวธรรมดา Atrophaneura aidoneus Striped Batwing ผเี สอื้ ปีกคา้ งคาวขา้ งแถบ Byasa dasarada barata Great Windmill ผเี สอื้ หางตมุ ้ ใหญ่ Byasa polyeuctes polyeuctes Common Windmill ผเี สอื้ หางตมุ ้ ธรรมดา Byasa crassipes Small Black Windmill ผเี สอื้ หางตมุ ้ เล็กด า Byasa adamsoni adamsoni Adamson's Rose ผเี สอื้ หางตมุ ้ อดัมสนั Byasa adamsoni takakoae Losaria coon doubledayi Common Clubtail ผเี สอื้ หางตมุ ้ หางกวิ่ Losaria neptunus neptunus Yellow-bodied Clubtail ผเี สอื้ หางตมุ ้ กน้ เหลอื ง Losaria neptunus manasukkiti Pachliopta aristolochiae goniopeltis Common Rose ผเี สอื้ หางตมุ ้ จดุ ชมพู Pachliopta aristolochiae asteris Papilio demoleus malayanus Lime Butterfly ผเี สอื้ หนอนมะนาว Papilio demolion demolion Banded Swallowtail ผเี สอื้ หางตงิ่ สะพายขาว Papilio noblei Noble's Helen ผเี สอื้ หางตงิ่ โนเบลิ้ Papilio castor mahadeva Siamese Raven ผเี สอื้ เชงิ ลายมหาเทพสยาม -
Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Lipteninae) Uses a Color-Generating Mechanism Widely Applied by Butterflies
Journal of Insect Science, (2018) 18(3): 6; 1–8 doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iey046 Research The Only Blue Mimeresia (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Lipteninae) Uses a Color-Generating Mechanism Widely Applied by Butterflies Zsolt Bálint,1,5 Szabolcs Sáfián,2 Adrian Hoskins,3 Krisztián Kertész,4 Antal Adolf Koós,4 Zsolt Endre Horváth,4 Gábor Piszter,4 and László Péter Biró4 1Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary, 2Faculty of Forestry, University of West Hungary, Sopron, Hungary, 3Royal Entomological Society, London, United Kingdom, 4Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary, and 5Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Subject Editor: Konrad Fiedler Received 21 February 2018; Editorial decision 25 April 2018 Abstract The butterflyMimeresia neavei (Joicey & Talbot, 1921) is the only species in the exclusively African subtribal clade Mimacraeina (Lipteninae: Lycaenidae: Lepidoptera) having sexual dimorphism expressed by structurally blue- colored male and pigmentary colored orange–red female phenotypes. We investigated the optical mechanism generating the male blue color by various microscopic and experimental methods. It was found that the blue color is produced by the lower lamina of the scale acting as a thin film. This kind of color production is not rare in day-flying Lepidoptera, or in other insect orders. The biological role of the blue color of M. neavei is not yet well understood, as all the other species in the clade lack structural coloration, and have less pronounced sexual dimorphism, and are involved in mimicry-rings. Key words: Africa, Lycaenidae, mimicry, thin film, wing scale The late John Nevill Eliot in his fundamental work on Lycaenidae blue dorsal wing surface, whilst the female with its bright orange classification subdivided the family into sections, tribes, and sub- appearance is a typical mimeresine. -
Phylogeny of the Aphnaeinae: Myrmecophilous African Butterflies
Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 169–182 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12098 Phylogeny of the Aphnaeinae: myrmecophilous African butterflies with carnivorous and herbivorous life histories JOHN H. BOYLE1,2, ZOFIA A. KALISZEWSKA1,2, MARIANNE ESPELAND1,2,3, TAMARA R. SUDERMAN1,2, JAKE FLEMING2,4, ALAN HEATH5 andNAOMI E. PIERCE1,2 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 2Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 3Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 4Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A. and 5Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa Abstract. The Aphnaeinae (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) are a largely African subfamily of 278 described species that exhibit extraordinary life-history variation. The larvae of these butterflies typically form mutualistic associations with ants, and feed on awide variety of plants, including 23 families in 19 orders. However, at least one species in each of 9 of the 17 genera is aphytophagous, parasitically feeding on the eggs, brood or regurgitations of ants. This diversity in diet and type of symbiotic association makes the phylogenetic relations of the Aphnaeinae of particular interest. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the Aphnaeinae was inferred from 4.4 kb covering the mitochondrial marker COI and five nuclear markers (wg, H3, CAD, GAPDH and EF1) for each of 79 ingroup taxa representing 15 of the 17 currently recognized genera, as well as three outgroup taxa. Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses all support Heath’s systematic revision of the clade based on morphological characters. -
Check-List of the Butterflies of the Kakamega Forest Nature Reserve in Western Kenya (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea)
Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N. F. 25 (4): 161–174 (2004) 161 Check-list of the butterflies of the Kakamega Forest Nature Reserve in western Kenya (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea) Lars Kühne, Steve C. Collins and Wanja Kinuthia1 Lars Kühne, Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; email: [email protected] Steve C. Collins, African Butterfly Research Institute, P.O. Box 14308, Nairobi, Kenya Dr. Wanja Kinuthia, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658, Nairobi, Kenya Abstract: All species of butterflies recorded from the Kaka- list it was clear that thorough investigation of scientific mega Forest N.R. in western Kenya are listed for the first collections can produce a very sound list of the occur- time. The check-list is based mainly on the collection of ring species in a relatively short time. The information A.B.R.I. (African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi). Furthermore records from the collection of the National density is frequently underestimated and collection data Museum of Kenya (Nairobi), the BIOTA-project and from offers a description of species diversity within a local literature were included in this list. In total 491 species or area, in particular with reference to rapid measurement 55 % of approximately 900 Kenyan species could be veri- of biodiversity (Trueman & Cranston 1997, Danks 1998, fied for the area. 31 species were not recorded before from Trojan 2000). Kenyan territory, 9 of them were described as new since the appearance of the book by Larsen (1996). The kind of list being produced here represents an information source for the total species diversity of the Checkliste der Tagfalter des Kakamega-Waldschutzge- Kakamega forest. -
Butterfly Biodiversity in Singapore with Particular Reference to the Central
Proceedings of the Nature Reserves Survey Seminar. 70re 49(2) (1997) Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 49 (1997) 273-296. ~ laysia and Butterfly Biodiversity in Singapore with Particular :ingapore. Reference to the Central Catchment Nature Reserve discovery, 1 2 ~y Bulletin. S.K. KHEW AND STEVEN S.H. NE0 1103, Tai Keng Gardens, Singapore 535384 re. In: L.M. 2Blk 16, Simei Street 1, #05-13, Melville Park, Singapore 529942 )f Zoology, Abstract Chin, R.T. A total of 381 butterfly species have now been recorded in Singapore of which 18 are new City: Bukit records since 1990. Of this total, 236 species (62%) were recorded during the present JOre. Suppl. survey. A U except 8 (3%) of these occur within the Nature Reserves and 148 (63%) were recorded only within the Nature Reserves. A total of 74 species (31%) within the Reserves were considered very rare. e Nee Soon ion: Marine Introduction l impact of The study of butterflies by amateurs is not new, and indeed, it is through onservation. the observations of these dedicated individuals that much important data have been accumulated over the years. The information on butterfly biodiversity in Singapore is, at most, sketchy. Most of the documentation ater prawn, of the species occurred done during the post-war years until the late 1960s. nidae) from From our literature research, two references stand out: W.A. Fleming's )gy. 43: 299- Butterflies of West Malaysia and Singapore (1991) and Steven Corbet and Maurice Pendlebury's Butterfli es of the Malay Peninsula (1992). Although the latest editions of the two reference books were published in the early ~amalph eops 1990s, most of the updates referred only to the Peninsular Malaysia. -
Title Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet, Consectetur
Volume 26: 32–37 METAMORPHOSIS www.metamorphosis.org.za ISSN 1018–6490 (PRINT) LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY OF AFRICA ISSN 2307–5031 (ONLINE) Life history and conservation status of Alaena margaritacea Eltringham, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Poritiinae) Published online: 2 September 2015 André J. Coetzer P.O. Box 73250, Fairland, 2030, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] Copyright © Lepidopterists’ Society of Africa Abstract: Alaena margaritacea Eltringham, 1929 was listed as Critically Endangered by Mecenero et al. (2013) because it only had one known locality. A second locality was discovered in January 2013, approximately 12 km south of Haenertsburg. The two extant localities are described and compared. The life history is described from field observations as well as captive rearing of larvae. Notes on the behaviour of the adults and preimaginal stages are provided, and the conservation status is reviewed. Key words: Alaena, Poritiinae, life history, early stages, behaviour, conservation Citation: Coetzer, A.J. (2015). Life history and conservation status of Alaena margaritacea Eltringham, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Poritiinae) Metamorphosis 26: 32–37. INTRODUCTION Poritiinae and reported on an investigation into the larval food of A. amazoula, concluding that the larvae Alaena margaritacea Eltringham, 1929 (Wolkberg fed on rock lichen. This species is currently listed as Zulu) belongs to the tribe Liptenini, subfamily Critically Endangered (Mercenero et al. 2013), since it Poritiinae, family Lycaenidae (Fig. 1). was only known to occur at the type locality near Haenertsburg, Limpopo Province, South Africa, where there was an observed decline in both habitat quality and population size. Consequently this species was included in the COREL conservation programme launched by LepSoc (Edge, 2011), and a search for further localities was prioritised. -
Butterfly Extirpations
RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2018 Conservation & Ecology RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 66: 217–257 Date of publication: 19 April 2018 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CFF83D96-5239-4C56-B7CE-8CA1E086EBFD Butterfy extirpations, discoveries and rediscoveries in Singapore over 28 years Anuj Jain1,2*#, Khew Sin Khoon3, Cheong Weei Gan2, and Edward L. Webb1* Abstract. Habitat loss and urbanisation in the tropics have been recognised as major drivers of species extinctions. Concurrently, novel habitats such as urban parks have been shown to be important as habitats and stepping stones in urban ecosystems around the world. However, few studies have assessed long-term patterns of species extinctions and discoveries in response to these drivers in the tropics. We know little about long-term persistence and utility of novel habitats in tropical urban ecosystems. In this study, we produced an updated and exhaustive butterfy checklist of species recorded from Singapore till December 2017 to investigate trends in butterfy extirpations (local extinctions), discoveries (new country records) and rediscoveries and how these relate to land use change in 28 years (1990–2017) in Singapore. Up to 144 butterfy species were identifed to be extirpated in Singapore by 1990. From 1990–2017, an additional nine butterfy extirpations have potentially occurred, which suggests a maximum of 153 butterfy extirpations to date. The rate of extirpations between 1990 to 2017 (< 0.33 extirpations per year) was much lower than the rate of extirpations between 1926 to 1989 (> 1.52 extirpations per year). The majority of potentially extirpated butterfies between 1990 to 2017 were species restricted to mature forests. -
(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Lipteninae) Uses a Color-Generating Mechanism Widely Applied by Butterflies
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository of the Academy's Library Journal of Insect Science, (2018) 18(3): 6; 1–8 doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iey046 Research Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jinsectscience/article-abstract/18/3/6/5001952 by MTA Wigner Research Centre for Physics user on 17 September 2018 The Only Blue Mimeresia (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Lipteninae) Uses a Color-Generating Mechanism Widely Applied by Butterflies Zsolt Bálint,1,5 Szabolcs Sáfián,2 Adrian Hoskins,3 Krisztián Kertész,4 Antal Adolf Koós,4 Zsolt Endre Horváth,4 Gábor Piszter,4 and László Péter Biró4 1Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary, 2Faculty of Forestry, University of West Hungary, Sopron, Hungary, 3Royal Entomological Society, London, United Kingdom, 4Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary, and 5Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Subject Editor: Konrad Fiedler Received 21 February 2018; Editorial decision 25 April 2018 Abstract The butterflyMimeresia neavei (Joicey & Talbot, 1921) is the only species in the exclusively African subtribal clade Mimacraeina (Lipteninae: Lycaenidae: Lepidoptera) having sexual dimorphism expressed by structurally blue- colored male and pigmentary colored orange–red female phenotypes. We investigated the optical mechanism generating the male blue color by various microscopic and experimental methods. It was found that the blue color is produced by the lower lamina of the scale acting as a thin film. This kind of color production is not rare in day-flying Lepidoptera, or in other insect orders. The biological role of the blue color of M. -
184 Genus Epitola Westwood
AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES. MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Updated 7 March 2021. Genus Epitola Westwood, [1851] Pointed Flashes In: Doubleday & Westwood, [1846-52]. The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, London: pl.68 (1: 1-250 pp.; 2: 251-534 pp.). London. Type-species: Epitola elion Westwood, by monotypy. The genus Epitola belongs to the Family Lycaenidae Leach, 1815; Subfamily Poritiinae Doherty, 1886; Tribe Epitolini Jackson, 1962. The other genera in the Tribe Epitolini in the Afrotropical Region are Iridana, Teratoneura, Cerautola, Hewitola, Geritola, Stempfferia, Cephetola, Deloneura, Batelusia, Tumerepedes, Pseudoneaveia, Neaveia, Epitolina, Hypophytala, Phytala, Neoepitola, Aethiopana, Hewitsonia, and Powellana. Epitola (Pointed Flashes) is a purely Afrotropical genus containing five species. Revised by Libert, M. 1999 (Révision des genres Epitola Westwood, Hypophytala Clench et Stempfferia Jackson, et description de trois nouveaux genres (Lepidotera Lycaenidae). A.B.R.I. and Lambillonea, February, 1999, 219 pp.). Revised again by Libert in 2020. Note: Epitola lamborni Bethune-Baker, 1922 and Epitola pulverulentula Dufrane, 1953 (as pulverulenta in Ackery et al., 1995: 524) are regarded by Libert (1999) as nomen dubium. D’Abrera (2009: 684) informally lists pulverulentula (as pulverulenta) as a valid species, ignoring Libert’s taxonomic treatment. Classification of the Genus Epitola (Libert, 2020) E. posthumus clade E. posthumus E. uranoides E. occidentalis E. urania clade E. urania E. larseni *Epitola posthumus (Fabricius, 1793) Common Giant Epitola Papilio posthumus Fabricius, 1793. Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta 3 (1): 149 (488pp.). Epitola posthumus Fabricius, 1793. d’Abrera, 2009: 664. 1 Epitola posthumus. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Mbalmayo, Cameroon. Jan.-April 2002. -
Phylogenetic Relationships of the Riodinidae: Implications for the Evolution of Ant Association
CHAPTER 18 Phylogenetic Relationships of the Riodinidae: Implications for the Evolution of Ant Association Dana L. Campbell and Naomi E. Pierce PHYLOGENETIC HYPOTHESES OF THE PAPllIONOIDEA Although not for lack ofstudy, the evolutionary history of the rnajor lineages of "true" butterflies (Papilionoidea, including Hesperiidae) is still unknown, and multiple conflicting phylogenetic hypotheses exist in the literature. Assessing the systematic position of the metalmark butterflies (family Riodinidae) has been a particular challenge for this field. Furthermore, there is disagreement about the monophyly of this large group, which contains over 1,200 species. Most morphological studies place the riodinid butter flies as most closely related to the lycaenid butterflies, and identify the nymphalids as the closest relatives to this riodinid + lycaenid dade (Ehrlich and Ehrlich 1967; Kristensen 1976; Scott and Wright 1990; de jong et al. 1996a) (fig. 18.1A, B). These relationships have been inferred with a variety of phylogenetic methods and are supported by a number of adult, larval, and pupal synapomorphies, although few are universal or uniquely derived. An alternative hypothesis of the placement of the riodinids was proposed by Robbins (1988a). Based on a cladistic analysis of nine character states among four characters of the foreleg coxa, trochanter, and basal femur, Robb!ns suggested that the Riodinidae are more closely related to the Nymphalidae than to the Lycaenidae (fig. 18.1C), and split the lycaenids into two groups, which may not compose a monophyletic lineage: Lycaeninae-Theclinae Polyommatinae and Lipteninae-Poritjnae-Miletinae-Curetinae. Two molecular studies have explored papiJionid relationships, but their results conflict with each other and with the morphological hypothe ses (fig. -
Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation John Mathew Old Dominion University
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations Biological Sciences Summer 2003 Aphytophagy in the Miletinae (Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation John Mathew Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Genetics Commons Recommended Citation Mathew, John. "Aphytophagy in the Miletinae (Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation" (2003). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/v7rh-mb21 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/74 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. APHYTOPHAGY IN THE MILETINAE (LYCAENIDAE): PHYLOGENY, ECOLOGY, AND CONSERVATION by John Mathew B.Sc. June 1990, Madras Christian College M.Sc. June 1992, Madras Christian College M.Phil. May 1994, Madras University A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2003 Approved by: Deborah A. Waller (Co-Director) »mi E. Pierce (Co-Director) H. Savitzky (Member) Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT APHYTOPHAGY IN THE MILETINAE (LYCAENIDAE): PHYTOGENY, ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION John Mathew Old Dominion University, 2003 Co-Directors of Advisory Committee: Dr. Deborah A. Waller Dr. Naomi E. Pierce Less than 1% of all Lepidoptera are aphytophagous; of these, a considerable proportion is found in the family Lycaenidae. -
Butterflies As an Indicator Group for the Conservation Value of the Gola Forests in Sierra Leone
BUTTERFLIES AS AN INDICATOR GROUP FOR THE CONSERVATION VALUE OF THE GOLA FORESTS IN SIERRA LEONE Claudio Belcastro* & Torben B. Larsen** * Lungotevere di Pietro Papa 21 00146 Roma, Italia [email protected] ** 358 Coldharbour Lane London SW9 8PL, UK [email protected] EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Less than 5% of Sierra Leone’s original forest cover still exists, though some of that hardly merits the term forest. Besides the remaining forest on the Freetown Peninsula, and the important Loma and Tingi Mountains, with their submontane elements, Gola Forest is the most significant forest in the country. During late April, 2006, a one week field-trip was made to study the butterflies of the Gola Forests by two separate teams, headed by one of the authors of this report. Belcastro also returned to Gola North for three days in early May. In all, 370 species were positively recorded. The estimated total for the area is about 600, accounting for about 80% of the 750 or so known Sierra Leone butterflies. Many rare and interesting butterflies occur and, in general, the Gola Forests are now the westernmost outpost of the West African forest fauna. Many species endemic to Africa west of the Dahomey Gap and to its Liberia subregion were found in Gola. The fact that so many rare and interesting species were collected in, sometimes quite heavily, logged areas of Gola is a strong indicator that the forests have the capacity to return to a state that resembles the original over the next 25 years. In Gola (South), and especially in Gola (North), there appear to be areas of undisturbed forest that act as reservoirs of biodiversity that help to re-populate the regenerating parts of the forest.