Updated Initial Environmental Examination November 2018 Philippines: Angat Water Transmission Improvement Project Prepared by the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System for the Asian Development Bank. This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in July 2014 available on https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/angat-water-transmission-improvement-project-iee. Document history Initial Environmental Examination Angat Water Transmission Improvement ADB/MWSS This document has been issued and amended as follows: Version Date Description Created by Verified by Approved by 1 Draft Rustica Romero Maynard Delfin Marissa De Guzman 2 2 Feb 2014 Draft Final Rustica Romero / Marissa De Marissa De Delfa Uy Guzman Guzman 3 14 Feb 2014 Final Rustica Romero Delfa Uy Marissa De Guzman 4 1 Mar 2014 Revised Final Rustica Romero Delfa Uy Marissa De Guzman 5 28 Feb 2018 Revised Draft MWSS Disclaimer: This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ii Contents I. Introduction 1 1.1. Project Location 1 1.2. IEE Report 3 1.3. IEE Approach and Methodology 3 1.3.1. IEE Scope 3 1.3.2. Rapid Environmental Appraisal and Categorization 3 1.3.3. Identification of Study Area 4 1.3.4. Baseline Data Collection 4 1.3.5. Impact Assessment and Mitigation 4 1.3.6. Environmental Management Plan 4 1.3.7. Public Consultation 4 II. Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 6 2.1. National Policy and Regulatory Framework 6 2.2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements 9 III. Project Description 11 3.1. Project Rationale 11 3.1.1. Water Supply and Demand 11 3.1.2. Existing Transmission System Needs and Rehabilitation 14 3.1.3. Transmission System Rehabilitation 17 3.2. Project Alternatives 19 3.2.1. Project fixed parameters 19 3.3. Construction Alternatives 20 3.3.1. Tunnel Construction Methods 20 3.3.2. Table 9:Assessment of tunnel construction methods 21 3.3.3. Cofferdam Options 23 3.4. Project Development Plan and Project Components 24 3.4.1. Tunnel 25 3.4.2. Intake Structure 27 3.4.3. Outlet Structure 27 3.4.4. Channel 27 3.4.5. Construction Support Facilities 30 3.5. Project Duration and Schedule 31 IV. Description of the Environment 32 4.1. The Land 32 4.1.1. Topography and Soils 32 4.1.2. Geology 34 4.1.3. Ecological Resources 35 i 4.2. The Air 40 4.2.1. Air Quality 40 4.2.2. Noise Level 43 4.3. Water 46 4.3.1. Climate 46 4.3.2. Seismology 47 4.3.3. Hydrology and Surface Water Resources 47 4.3.4. Groundwater 53 4.3.5. Freshwater Ecology 53 4.4. People 56 4.4.1. Population and Communities 56 4.4.2. Health Facilities 58 4.4.3. Education Facilities 58 4.4.4. Socio-economic Conditions 58 4.4.5. Physical Cultural Resources 59 4.4.6. Historical Background and Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) 59 4.4.7. Indigenous People 60 4.5. Summary Description of the Project Segments 61 V. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures 64 5.1. The Land 64 5.2. Air 67 5.3. Water 69 5.4. People 73 VI. Environmental Management Plan 76 6.1. Introduction 76 6.2. Environmental Mitigation Plan 76 6.3. Institutional Arrangement 91 6.3.1 Existing Arrangement 91 6.3.2. Proposed Arrangements for Environmental Management 92 6.3.3. Implementation Schedule 96 6.4. Environmental Monitoring Plan 98 6.4.1.` Monitoring Mechanism 99 6.4.5. Reporting 107 VII. Public Consultation, Information Disclosure and Grievance Redress Mechanism 108 7.1. Public Consultation 108 7.2. Information Disclosure 119 7.3. Additional Public Consultation and Information Campaign 119 7.4. Grievance Redressal Mechanism 120 7.4.1. Informal Approach 120 ii 7.4.2. Formal Approach 120 VIII. Conclusions and Recommendations 123 References 151 iii List of Figures Figure 1: Location Map ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Figure 2: Segments of Tunnel 4 Project Component .................................................................................................... 5 Figure 3: Manila water demand with and without 15% buffer ................................................................................ 12 Figure 4: Ipo-La Mesa Transmission System Schematic Diagram ........................................................................... 16 Figure 5: Proposed Transmission System ..................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 6: Tunnel 4 and the MWSS ROW ...................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 7: Tunnel Profile ................................................................................................................................................... 26 Figure 8: Inlet Structure ................................................................................................................................................... 28 Figure 9:Outlet Structure ............................................................................................................................................... 29 Figure 10: Temporary Spoil Disposal Area .................................................................................................................. 30 Figure 11: Projected Tunnel Geology and Ground Elevation ................................................................................... 33 Figure 12: Geology in the Study Area ........................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 13: Surface Water Quality and River Ecology Sampling Stations at Ipo Watershed ............................... 47 Figure 14: Average Turbidity Level at Ipo Dam ....................................................................................................... 48 Figure 15: Surface Water and Groundwater Sampling Stations along Tunnel Segments................................... 52 Figure 16. Guerrilla site map and project site ............................................................................................................. 60 Figure 17: Project Segments ............................................................................................................................................ 62 Figure 18: Location of the Inlet and Associated Works .............................................................................................. 63 Figure 19: Location of the Outlet Structure ................................................................................................................. 64 Figure 20: MWSS Corporate Office Organizational Structure ................................................................................ 91 Figure 21 PMO-AWTIP with Consulting Firm ............................................................................................................ 92 Figure 22: Grievance Redress Mechanism Diagram ................................................................................................ 122 iv List of Tables Table 1: Other Relevant Laws, Regulations and Guidelines ................................................................................. 7 Table 2: MWSS Water Permits ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Table 3: MWSS Water allocation.................................................................................................................................... 11 Table 4: Water Available to MWSS from Angat Reservoir ....................................................................................... 11 Table 5: Treatment plant capacities and average volumes (Nov 2012-Jan 2013) ................................................... 13 Table 6: Calculated capacities of conveyances ............................................................................................................ 14 Table 7: Priority for potential rehabilitation to conveyance structures .................................................................. 17 Table 8: Projected flows after rehabilitation................................................................................................................ 19 Table 9: Assessment of tunnel construction methods .......................................................................................... 21 Table 10: Assessment of cofferdam options ................................................................................................................. 24 Table 11: Indicative Construction Program .................................................................................................................. 31 Table 12: Borehole Sediment Quality .......................................................................................................................... 32 Table 13: Ambient Air Quality Results ........................................................................................................................ 42 Table 14: