李兆龍先生 21 April 2010

先生先生先生先生李兆龍關錫堯李兆龍關錫堯 21 April 2010 21 April 2010 – – – – 工程管理水塘安全工程管理水塘安全 / / / / 工程師工程師總工程師總工程師

山野遊玩體魄好山野遊玩體魄好水務設施趣味濃水務設施趣味濃 AA BriefBrief OutlineOutline ofof thethe TalkTalk

1. Water Cycle 2. Typical Waterworks Installations 3. Impounding Reservoirs in Country Parks 4. Historic Waterworks Structures 5. Part of WSD’sJobs 6. Don’t… 1. Water Cycle 1. Water Cycle 雨水由集水區匯流至水塘廣東供應的原水

水塘

濾水廠

配水庫

污水處理用戶 Installations Installations

2. Typical Waterworks 2. Typical Waterworks WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

CatchwaterCatchwater (~120(~120 km)km) WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Catchwater – Dry weather flow channel WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Catchwater - Intake structure WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Catchwater – Overflow diversion pipes WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Catchwater – Sand-trap and overflow WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Catchwater – Radial gates WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Catchwater – Tunnel section WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Catchwater – Outlet to reservoir WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

ImpoundingImpounding reservoirsreservoirs (17(17 nos.)nos.) WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

WaterWater treatmenttreatment worksworks (21(21 nos.)nos.) WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

PumpingPumping stations/housesstations/houses (185(185 nos.)nos.) WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

LowlandLowland pumpingpumping stationsstations WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

ServiceService reservoirsreservoirs (212(212 nos.)nos.) WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Fei Ngo Shan Fresh Water Service reservoir WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

WSD slopes adjacent to waterworks installations WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Waterworks access road WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong

Water Mains: Fresh Water (>6,200 km) Salt Water (>1,600 km) WaterworksWaterworks InstallationsInstallations inin HongHong KongKong Country Parks Country Parks

3. Impounding Reservoirs in 3. Impounding Reservoirs in 本地收集的雨水本地收集的雨水︰︰ 20%20% -- 30%30% 輸入的東江水輸入的東江水︰︰ 70%70% -- 80%80% ReservoirsReservoirs inin CountryCountry ParksParks –– ExamplesExamples

•• Aberdeen Reservoirs (Aberdeen Country Park) •• High Island Reservoir (Sai Kung Country Park) •• Kowloon Reservoir Group (Kam Shan Country Park) •• Plover Cove Reservoir (Pat Sin Leng and Plover Cove Country Park) •• Pokfulam Reservoir (Pokfulam Country Park) •• Shek Pik Reservoir (Lantau Country Park) •• Shing Mun Reservoir (Shing Mun Country Park) •• Tai Lam Chung Reservoir (Tai Lam Country Park) •• Tai Tam Reservoir Group (Tai Tam Country Park) SaiSai KungKung CountryCountry ParkPark -- HighHigh IslandIsland ReservoirReservoir SaiSai KungKung CountryCountry ParkPark -- HighHigh IslandIsland ReservoirReservoir

Draw-off tower & access bridge

A V-notch plate downstream of the West Col Dam (Instrumentation for measuring seepage through the dam) SaiSai KungKung CountryCountry ParkPark -- HighHigh IslandIsland ReservoirReservoir

Bell-mouth overflow with siphons SaiSai KungKung CountryCountry ParkPark -- HighHigh IslandIsland ReservoirReservoir

East Dam (An embankment dam built in the sea)

Concrete dolos protect the sea cofferdam against sea waves SaiSai KungKung CountryCountry ParkPark -- HighHigh IslandIsland ReservoirReservoir

West Col Dam - Upstream

West Col Dam - Downstream SaiSai KungKung CountryCountry ParkPark -- HighHigh IslandIsland ReservoirReservoir

Various Geological features SaiSai KungKung CountryCountry ParkPark -- HighHigh IslandIsland ReservoirReservoir

Do you know what are they doing ? TaiTai TamTam CountryCountry ParkPark –– TaiTai TamTam ReservoirReservoir GroupGroup TaiTai TamTam CountryCountry ParkPark –– TaiTai TamTam ReservoirReservoir GroupGroup

Tai Tam Tuk Reservoir Tai Tam Tuk Raw Water (1912 – 1917) Pumping Station (1907) TaiTai TamTam CountryCountry ParkPark –– TaiTai TamTam ReservoirReservoir GroupGroup

Video - Tai Tam Tuk Raw Water Pumping Station (1907) TaiTai TamTam CountryCountry ParkPark –– TaiTai TamTam ReservoirReservoir GroupGroup

Tai Tam Tuk Reservoir (Masonry Bridges) TaiTai TamTam CountryCountry ParkPark –– TaiTai TamTam ReservoirReservoir GroupGroup

Tai Tam Intermediate Reservoir (1904 – 1907)

Spillway Dam

Valve House TaiTai TamTam CountryCountry ParkPark –– TaiTai TamTam ReservoirReservoir GroupGroup

Tai Tam Byewash Reservoir (1904)

Tai Tam Upper Reservoir (Recorder House) ShingShing MunMun CountryCountry ParkPark –– ShingShing MunMun ReservoirReservoir ShingShing MunMun CountryCountry ParkPark –– ShingShing MunMun ReservoirReservoir LowerLower ShingShing MunMun ReservoirReservoir RecreationalRecreational facilitiesfacilities aroundaround thethe reservoirsreservoirs 4. Historic Waterworks Structures 4. Historic Waterworks Structures HistoricHistoric WaterworksWaterworks StructuresStructures

•• Declaration of 41 historic waterworks structures as statutory monuments on 18.9.2009 •• Play an integral part in the development of Hong Kong over the past one-and-a-half centuries. •• Include dams and tunnel inlets, long aqueducts and sturdy stone bridges, watchman’s houses and staff quarters •• Heritage Trail •• Renewed emphasis on conservation, preservation and revitalisation •• Pokfulam Reservoir, Tai Tam Reservoir Group, Wong Nai Chung Reservoir, Kowloon reservoir Group, Shing Mun Reservoir, Aberdeen Reservoirs. HistoricHistoric WaterworksWaterworks StructuresStructures Jobs Jobs s s ’ ’

WSD WSD

5. Part of 5. Part of CollectionCollection ofof WaterWater SamplesSamples MeasurementMeasurement ofof VV--notchnotch platesplates andand PiezometersPiezometers MonitoringMonitoring ofof DamDam MovementMovement RemedialRemedial WorksWorks toto DamsDams –– PloverPlover CoveCove ReservoirReservoir

Upgrading of rip-rap for the Main Dam in 2006-08, which required the delivery of a derrick barge into the reservoir for placement of rip-rap. RemedialRemedial WorksWorks toto DamsDams –– HighHigh IslandIsland ReservoirReservoir

West Col Dam - Investigation works were undertaken to locate the leakage zone, followed by remedial drilling and grouting works … … t t ’ ’

6. Don 6. Don DonDon’’tt…… DonDon’’tt…… DonDon’’tt…… FurtherFurther information/enquiries:information/enquiries:

總工程師/工程管理 – 關錫堯先生 [email protected]

工程師/水塘安全 – 李兆龍先生 [email protected]

WSD Website Address: http://www.wsd.gov.hk/

Customer Telephone Enquiry Centre: 2824 5000 Thank You Thank You