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Single-Letter Codes for Amino Acids

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Single-Letter Codes for Amino Acids Appendix 1 Single-Letter Codes for Amino Acids Three-letter One-letter Amino acid abbreviation symbol Alanine Ala A Arginine Arg R Asparagine Asn N Aspartic acid Asp D Cysteine Cys C Glutamine GIn Q Glutamic acid Glu E Glycine Gly G Histidine His H Isoleucine lie Leucine Leu L Lysine Lys K Methionine Met M Phenylalanine Phe F Proline Pro P Serine Ser S Threonine Thr T Tryptophan Trp W Tyrosine Tyr Y Valine Val V References 1. Abeywardena, M.Y. and I.S. Charnock, (1983), Modulation of Cardiac Glycoside Inhibition of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase by Membrane Lipids: Differences between Species. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 729, 75-84. 2. Adams, G.A. and I.K. Rose, (1985), Structural Requirements of a Membrane­ Spanning Domain for Protein Anchoring and Cell Surface Transport. Cell 41, 1007- 1015. 3. Addison, R. (1986), Primary Structure of the Neurospora Plasma Membrane H+­ ATPase Deduced from the Gene Sequence: Homology to Na+/KT-, Ca2+, and K+­ ATPases. I. BioI. 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Lichtenberg, (1986), Kinetic and Structural Aspects of Reconstitution of Phosphatidylcholine Vesicles by Dilution of Phosphati­ dylcholine-Sodium Cholate Mixed Micelles. Biochemistry 25, 2597-2605. 24. Alonso, A., C.I. Restall, M. Turner, J.e. Gomez-Fernandez, F.M. Goni, and D. Chapman, (1982), Protein-Lipid Interactions and Differential Scanning Calorimet­ ric Studies of Bacteriorhodopsin Reconstituted Lipid-Water Systems. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 689, 283-289. 25. Alpes, H., K. Allman, H. Plattner, J. Reichert, R. Riek, and S. Schulz, (1986), Formation of Large Unilamellar Vesicles Using Alkyl Maltoside Detergents. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 862, 294-302. 26. Altenbach, e. and J. Seelig, (1985), Binding of the Lipophilic Cation Tetraphenyl­ phosphonium to Phosphatidylcholine Membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 818, 410-415. 27. Altenbach, e. and J. Seelig, (1984), Ca'+ Binding to Phosphatidylcholine Bilayers As Studied by Deuterium Magnetic Resonance. Evidence for the Formation of a Ca2+ Complex with Two Phospholipid Molecules. Biochemistry 23, 3913-3920. References 421 28. Alvarez, J., D.e. Lee, S.A. Baldwin, and D. Chapman, (1987), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Study of the Structure and Conformational Changes of the Human Erythrocyte Glucose Transporter. J. BioI. Chern. 262, 3502-3509. 29. Ameloot, M., H. Hendrickx, W. Herreman, H. Pottel, F. Van Cauwelaert, and W. Van Der Meer, (1984), Effect of Orientational Order on the Decay of the Fluores­ cence Anisotropy in Membrane Suspensions. Biophys. J. 46, 525-539. 30. Ames, G.F.-L. (1986), The Basis of Multidrug Resistance in Mammalian Cells: Homology with Bacterial Transport. Cell 47, 323-324. 31. Ames, G. Ferro-Luzzi (1986), Bacterial Periplasmic Transport Systems: Structure, Mechanism, and Evolution. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 55, 397-425. 32. Arney, R.L. and D. Chapman, (1984), Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Model and Natural Biomembranes. Biomembrane Structure and Function (D. Chapman, Ed.), pp. 199-256. Verlag Chemie, Basel. 33. Anantharamaiah, G.M., J.L. Jones, e.G. Brouillette, C.F. Schmidt, B.H. Chung, T.A. Hughes, A.S. Bhown, and J.P. Segrest, (1985), Studies of Synthetic Peptide Analogs of the Amphipathic Helix: Structures of Complexes with Dimyristoyl Phosphatidylcholine. J. BioI. Chern. 260, 10248-10255. 34. Anderle, G. and R. Mendelsohn, (1986), Fourier-Transform Infrared Studies of Ca ATPasejPhospholipid Interaction: Survey of Lipid Classes. Biochemistry 25, 2174- 2179. 35. Andersen, J.P., B. Vi1sen, J.H. Collins, and P.L. Jorgensen, (1986), Localization of E1-E2 Conformational Transitions of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca-ATPase by Tryptic Cleavage and Hydrophobic Labeling. J. Membrane BioI. 93, 85-92. 36. Anderson, R.A. and R.E. Lovrien, (1984), Glycophorin Is Linked by Band 4.1 Protein to the Human Erythrocyte Membrane Skeleton. Nature 307, 655-658. 37. Anderson, R.A. and V.T. Marchesi, (1985), Regulation of the Association of Membrane Skeletal Protein 4.1 with Glycophorin by a Polyphosphoinositide. Nature 318, 295-298. 38. Andersson, K. and R. Hjorth, (1984), Isopycnic Centrifugation of Rat-Liver Microsomes in Iso-Osmotic Gradients of Perc 011 and Release of Microsomal Material by Low Concentrations of Sodium Deoxycholate. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 770, 97- 100. 39. Anner, B.M. (1985), Interaction of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase with Artificial Membranes. 1. Formation and Structure of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase-Liposomes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 822, 319-334. 40. Amaku, Y. and R.B. Gennis, (1987), The Aerobic Respiratory Chain of Escherichia coli. TIES 12, 262-266. 41. Apell, H.-J. and P. Lauger, (1986), Quantitative Analysis of Pump-mediated Fluxes in Reconstituted Lipid Vesicles. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 861, 302-310. 42. Appleman, J.R. and G.E. Lienhard, (1985), Rapid Kinetics of the Glucose Trans­ porter from Human Erythrocytes. J. BioI. Chern. 260, 4575-4578. 43. Applebury, M.L. (1987), Biochemical Puzzles about the Cyclic-GMP-dependent Channel. Nature 326, 546-547. 44. Applebury, M.L. and P.A. Hargrave, (1986), Molecular Biology of the Visual Pigments. Vision Res. 26, 1881-1895. 45. Aquila, H., T.A. Link, and M. Klingenberg, (1987), Solute Carriers Involved in Energy Transfer of Mitochondria Form a Homologous Protein Family. FEBS Lett. 212, 1-9. 46. Aquila, H., T.A. Link, and M. Klingenberg, (1985), The Uncoupling Protein from Brown Fat Mitochondria Is Related to the Mitochondrial ADP/ATP Carrier. Analysis 422 References of Sequence Homologies and of Folding of the Protein in the Membrane. The EMBO Journal 4, 2369-2376. 47. Argos, P., J.K.M. Rao, and P.A. Hargrave, (1982), Structural Prediction of Membrane­ bound Proteins. Eur. J. Bioch. 128, 565-575. 48. Arinc, E., L.M. Rzepecki, and P. Strittmatter, (1987), Topography of the C Ter­ minus of Cytochrome bs Tightly Bound to Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine Ves­ icles. J. BioI. 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