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SPARROW SPARROW SOUND & PICTURE newsletter ARCHIVES FOR RESEARCH ON WOMEN SNL Number 21 April 2011 Publication Number 67 Published by CONTENTS Sound & Picture Archives for Research on Women Editor’s Note The Nest, B-101/201/301, Patel Apartment, Maratha Colony Road, Dahisar (E), Mumbai-400068 Events: Phone: 022 2828 0895, 2896 5019 Homai Vyarawalla: A Curator’s Perspective by Sabeen Gadihoke 2-4 E mail: [email protected] A Photographer Photographed by Roshan G Shahani Website: www.sparrowonline.org Vithabai at Maharashtra Seva Sangh, Airoli by Sharmila Sontakke Towards Equality by Priya D’souza Editor: Renutai’s Stories by Sharmila Sontakke C S Lakshmi Speaking from the Mountains by C S Lakshmi Revisiting Campaigns, Rethinking Strategies by Priya D’souza Co-editor: Malsawmi Jacob Book Review: Publication Co-ordination: The Chawls of Mumbai: Galleries of Life Pooja Pandey Edited by Neera Adarkar by Roshan G Shahani 5 Printed at : Mouj Prakashan Griha, Journeys: Khatau Wadi, Goregaonkar Lane, Girgaum, Travelling West with Homai Vyarawala by Sabeena Gadihoke 6-7 Mumbai - 400 004 Phone: 022 2387 1050 Homage: This occasional Newsletter for only private Dr. Chitra Jayant Naik, Anuthama, Nalini Jaywant circulation, is published with the support of & Nargis Banu Chikhalikar by C S Lakshmi 8 Stichting de Zaaier, Utrecht [EEditor’s NNote] his issue of SNL has become a Homai Vyarawalla special so to speak. And we are happy it has turned out to be so for India’s first woman press photographer has been honoured with a Padma Vibhushan this year T and an exhibition of her photographs archived with Alkazi Foundation and curated by Sabeena Gadihoke was held in various cities and the film produced by SPARROW and directed by Anik Ghosh on Homai was screened as part of the exhibition. In Tamil you have a saying that along with the flower the fibre string with which the flower is strung together also becomes fragrant. Likewise, along with Homai’s photographs SPARROW’s documentary also got shown. This issue carries details about the exhibition and also an article by Sabeena on her travels with Homai. Maybe we should call this Dalda 13 Special for she was professionally referred to as Dalda 13, a name derived from her birth in 1913 and her first car’s license plate, DLD 13! The month of March is always full of International Women’s Day events. We have covered some of them in this issue. There is also a review of Neera Adharkar’s interesting book on the chawls of Mumbai. In this issue we pay homage to a great educationist, two film artistes and a Tamil writer who have made life, art and literature richer for us. Do visit our website www.sparrowonline.org and do write to us. Events 0.2 ExhibitionExhibition Profileo Homai Vyarawalla: A Curator’s Perspective fter a long search for an archive to house her life’s work, that of ‘unity in diversity’, the photograph bears physical traces of earlier this year, 97 year old Homai Vyarawalla gave her more everyday family histories—Uma Chakravarti’s sister Shakuntala A entire collection on permanent loan to the Alkazi had cut herself out of the photograph! Images like these from Collection of Photography. In August various organisations pooled Vyarawalla’s ‘missing archive’ would circulate through different resources to make possible a comprehensive exhibition of her work registers telling other cultural histories of her times. Like all at the NGMA. exhibitions, this too is only partial. But it hopes to start a journey This retrospective emerges out of my thirteen year journey with of many new discoveries about the life and times of Homai this extraordinary woman who was India’s first woman press Vyarawalla. photographer. Through it, I have sought to map the significant moments of Homai Vyarawalla’s repertoire by including her well- — Sabeena Gadihoke known political photographs along with others of urban life and culture that have not circulated as widely. My attempt was to frame Sabeena Gadihoke is Associate Professor at the AJK the images within a larger cultural history of photography and MCRC, Jamia University and author of a book on draw attention to their circulation in public and private domains. Homai Vyarawalla. In addition to her cameras, the exhibition also displays letters and other memorabilia that speak of alliances and friendships forged through photography. A Photographer Photographed Often meant for a fleeting glimpse in the newspaper, these press n a country where a great man like Gandhiji has been photographs became visual archives of the future. Some of forgotten, why would I be remembered?” asks Homai Vyarawalla’s images chronicling the defining moments of India’s Vyarawalla, India’s first woman press-photographer. Independence acquired an iconic status and are now integral to a One“I disagrees with her bleak viewpoint, if one dares disagree with Nationalist version of history. According to this version, some people a 97 year-old lady. led and others followed. As important people dominated She may have chosen oblivion, but Homai’s presence is palpably photographs, ordinary citizens frequently found themselves felt. The current exhibition at NGMA of her variegated relegated to the margins. The exhibition seeks to foreground this photographs (curated by Sabeena Gadihoke), along with the video- absence by reinserting images of the ‘crowds’ along with iconic recording (a SPARROW production), and Sabeena’s book, Camera portraits of leaders and events. Chronicles of Homai Vyarawalla offer a retrospective on this Another cluster of images are those of the photographer herself. remarkable photographer. Her “stories in pictures” recreate our These offer insights into the life of a woman who was pioneering histories, our geographies, our cultural and social spaces. Besides, because she chose an unconventional profession. Vyarawalla’s they trace the trajectory of her life. attempt to lead an ordinary life was transformed through the The pioneer photographer was always seen in public, Roliflex in extraordinary circumstances of history. While she shot official hand, “her Third Hand.”A rare sight in the 30s and 40s, the lady histories as they unfolded, she also chronicled the lives of people was once asked, “Kya hajamat karne ja rahi hai?” Pat came the like herself. The former found permanent place in collective memory retort—would he want his hajamat done? Significantly, the video- while the latter lie scattered in the personal archives of those who film opens with Homai displaying the working of her life-companion, were photographed by her. The exhibition features one such image the same Roliflex, which is a crucial exhibit at the NGMA. Now, of from the family collection of Uma Chakravarti. In this picture, her course, Homai, the Photographer, becomes the object mother poses at a function to showcase women of ‘South India’. photographed. However, the word ‘object’ cannot fully convey the Besides drawing attention to a key agenda of the Nehruvian era, vitality which emanates from every shot of that film. We glimpse 0.3 Events into her Baroda home, watch her green fingers tend her plants; driver husband and was enterprising enough to buy a van and use we hear her chuckle as she reminisces about her girlhood. She met it for picking up and dropping children at school, was felicitated her husband-to-be when he was helping her solve her math for her spirit of enterprise and courage. Bhavana Patil spoke about problems. “He solved my parents’ problems as well” since they her experience and about her initial fear of driving. She also talked would not need to look out for a suitable boy! Pouring out a drink about how she overcame all the criticisms and ridicules of others. in the kitchen, she reflects on the constant help her husband would About fifty women watched SPARROW’s film with rapt attention offer on the domestic front. The home was also their workplace and said they would like to watch more such films. since they had created their own dark room for processing their films through “trial and error.” — Sharmila Sontakke Homai’s earliest photographs forThe Illustrated Weekly, were of “Bombay the Beautiful,” a city which, for her, had been a “village” till the Parsis arrived on the scene. Her camera has captured for all Towards Equality times—Chowpatty Beach, Ganpati festivals, Parsi families emerging n the occasion of International Women’s Day, MAVA from the agyiary, scenes whose serenity we can re-live only through (Men Against Violence & Abuse) had organised a th photographic memories. But, then, nostalgia is the privilege of the programme on 7 March 2011 at Ravindra Natya Mandir.O The first part of the programme was a Poetry Reading on old. Life in Delhi, where the family moved in the 4os, was far from woman-man relationship. Five women (Cecilia Carvalho, Pragnya serene. Without quite realising it, Homai was recording history Daya Pawar, Neerja, Sangeeta Dhayagude, Farzana Iqbal Dange) and in many ways, creating history as well. The freedom struggle, and five men (Prashant More, Arun Mhatre, Kiran Yele, Anil Dabhade Independence Day, national and international dignitaries, Gandhi’s and Raj Chinchankar) read out their poems. The second half of the prayer meetings, except the final, fatal one—all were caught and programme was Samatekade Vatachal —a presentation of last 200 immortalised by her camera-eye. Being the only woman photo- years in women’s history in a musical form with a slide show. It was journalist and caught in the whirlpool of momentous events and produced by Stree Mukti Sanghatana and written by Jyoti Mhapsekar iconographic personalities, Homai’s was certainly not a subaltern’s and directed by Sushama Deshpande. perspective. “I was in the crowds but not of the crowds”.