Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Download FREE Audio Trail Little island. Big story. #theislandbreak
www.jersey.com Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Occupation & Liberation Discovery Audio Trail Download the FREE Geotourist App on Apple iPhone or Android. Search Jersey to Occupation sites. listen to the Occupation & Liberation Discovery Audio Trail. Take a little glimpse at our big past by selecting your preferred trail. Simply press ‘START’ on the preferred trail summary to reveal the map of the location of the points. You can also use the ‘Route Little discoveries. Big legacy. me to starting point’ on the summary page to be navigated to the beginning of the trail. It’s a little journey, that will give you a big experience.
The Channel Islands were the only part of the British Isles to be occupied by German forces in World War Two.
The Occupation has left an extraordinary legacy on Jersey, with hundreds of concrete bunkers, walls and tunnels ringing the coast and scattering the island’s interior.
The order for such an immense construction effort came directly from Hitler, who demanded his much-prized Channel Islands be turned into impregnable fortresses. He insisted that Jersey become a centrepiece in the Atlantic Wall, Germany’s steel and concrete belt of fortifications protecting Western Europe from Allied invasion. Hitler’s blind obsession and ruthless Nazi efficiency drove the fortress building programme at a furious pace. Though never completed, fortification building in the Channel Islands drew in around one tenth of enemy wartime construction effort – leaving the amazing results seen today.
Exploring, you will find most of these remarkable structures still in place, some preserved, most derelict. Collectively, they represent the finest range of World War Two fortifications found anywhere in the world.
Explore relics of the past and discover the big story of our little rock. PlémontPlémontPlémontPlémontPlémont
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KEY 23 number 9 number National Park Green Island Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
The fine Victorian granite sea wall along St. An impressive concrete German anti-tank wall, Aubin’s Bay included several well-built slipways or Panzermauern, stretches along much of St. Resistance Nest allowing Jersey farmers to collect rich hauls of Anti-tank wall Aubin’s Bay. The final section just beyond fertilising seaweed from the beach. 4 Beaumont Beaumont provides great evidence of its Millbrook strength and construction techniques. Under German control, these slipways became Location: Near La Haule slipway on St. Aubin’s a liability, providing easy exits for Allied From deep foundations, the steel reinforced wall 2 St. Aubin’s Bay Bay, halfway between the Gunsite Café and St. invaders landing in the bay. Most were rises six-metres high here. Its shape and Aubin’s Harbour, Beaumont. Location: Off Victoria Avenue, the St. Aubin’s therefore destroyed during the Occupation, protruding upper lip would have made climbing Bay coast road, near the east end of with bunkers filling the breach. The one found Lat / Long: 49.193958, -2.164306 over a real challenge. Look carefully for Coronation Park. This bunker can be found on here at Resistance Nest Millbrook is a great impressions of wooden planks - evidence of the the sea wall adjacent to the cycle track and Old example, complete with camouflaged outer mould into which wet concrete was poured Station Café at Millbrook, Victoria Avenue. skin cunningly crafted from former slipway during construction. granite stones. www.cios.org.je/bunkers/resistance-nest- For added strength, each wall section linked to millbrook Local enthusiasts opened this once sealed its neighbour, with the slots for this clearly visible bunker in the 1980s to find a remarkable here at Beaumont and elsewhere along the wall. Lat / Long: 49.196468, -2.1387000 Occupation time capsule. Since then, CI Occupation Society volunteers have devoted themselves to perfectly recreating its wartime condition. This includes installing the bunker’s To create bombproof stores for ammunition, 4.7-centimetre ex-Czechoslovakian anti-tank rations and other supplies German engineers gun and a refabricated observation turret. It’s German tunnel blasted deep tunnels into Jersey’s steep-sided possible to visit at designated opening times. 5 St. Aubin valleys. Here at St. Aubin, they widened and reinforced Location: Behind St. Aubin’s Harbour, on the an existing Victorian railway tunnel for this Railway Walk – just behind Noya Shapla The compact Gunsite Café normally buzzes full purpose, extending with side tunnels and restaurant on the corner at the bottom of High of locals and visitors enjoying beachside protected by a huge concrete blast wall. Street, St. Aubin. Gunsite Café refreshments. But once inside you soon realise Hohlgangsanlage 5 (Ho 5), as it was 3 Beaumont the café building was constructed for a more Jersey Bike Hire, The Railway Tunnel sinister purpose. designated, is one of 26 storage tunnels planned or constructed by the Germans in Location: Gunsite slipway on St. Aubin’s Bay by Tel: +44 (0) 1534 746780 The Germans studded St. Aubin’s Bay with a Jersey. Today, it’s a bicycle hire depot and the beach, on La Route de La Haule in protecting circle of bunkers. This example was Lat / Long: 49.187619, -2.171403 storage workshop. But from the entrance you Beaumont, St. Lawrence among the smallest and simplest. Yet armed can see railway lines still embedded in the floor, www.jersey.com/eat-and-drink/gunsite-cafe with ex-French 10.5-centimetre coastal defence an enigmatic entrance to a network of deep gun, it threatened ships coming into the bay or side tunnels. Tel: + 44 (0) 1534 735806 troops scrambling up the beach.
Lat / Long: 49.196138, -2.157869 After visiting the café, explore the surrounding area to find a clutch of other small bunkers once comprising Resistance Nest Third Tower and a concrete anti-tank wall lining the beach. Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
Deep within a secluded valley, Jersey War At Noirmont Point, the Germans constructed a Tunnels is the island’s outstanding and most sprawling coastal artillery installation named Jersey popular Occupation site. Battery Battery Lothringen. Its four powerful 15-centimetre guns dominated sea routes and War Tunnels Work on Hohlgangsanlage 8 (HO 8) began in Lothringen protected nearby St. Aubin’s Bay from invasion. late 1941 with a wretched workforce of slave 6 St. Lawrence and forced labourers toiling under the brutal 7 Noirmont Point One of these heavy guns still stands supervision of Organisation Todt. impassively on its concrete emplacement, left Location: At Les Charrières Malorey in Location: Underground Command Bunker of the road travelling towards the headland. Planned as a bombproof artillery repair St. Lawrence parish; follow the signs from A11 at Museum at Noirmont Point, St. Brelade Around the area lie deep connected bunkers workshop and barracks, the tunnel complex Tesson Mill in St. Peter’s Valley once protecting ammunition or sheltering the converted in 1944 to an underground hospital. www.cios.org.je/bunkers/batterie-lothringen gun crew. The enormous gun barrel is original, www.jerseywartunnels.com Today, its wartime operating theatre, recovered from the sea and placed here by the Route No. 12a will take you from St. Helier storerooms, boiler room and telephone Bus: CI Occupation Society. Tel: +44 (0) 1534 860808 exchange remain on display. Alongside, tunnel to Portelet Bay, just a few minutes walk from galleries house engaging interactive exhibitions Noirmont point. Further on stands a similar emplacement with Lat / Long: 49.210479, -2.154206 and displays, revealing the story of Occupation another huge gun installed, although this one 49.169257, -2.169394 from its start in 1940 to Liberation in 1945. Lat / Long: not an original Battery Lothringen specimen. Brought to reinforce Jersey in August 1944, it arrived from Guernsey following a naval battle off this point. A nearby memorial commemorates American servicemen lost during the action.
The headland’s tip possesses the site’s two most impressive fortifications. A massive concrete naval artillery direction and range- finding tower, known as MP1, stares menacingly out to sea. Its five levels possessed powerful observation equipment, each directing fire from German heavy guns across the island onto multiple naval targets.
Equally impressive though less obvious is a huge two-storey command bunker buried into the headland. Its protruding 6-inch thick steel turrets are visible. These contained the periscopes and rangefinder used to locate targets for Battery Lothringen’s guns. The bunker below has been fully restored by the CI Occupation Society to an extraordinary standard. There is nothing comparable elsewhere in Europe. A visit is highly recommended during designated opening times. PlémontPlémontPlémontPlémontPlémont Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide 19
R ou te Along the road leading towards the lighthouse d Bonne Nuit u Sorel Nord L 8 a Rue R de u are further impressive bunkers. Tucked down Val Ba e d che es lie Grève de Lecq hemin d L Route du Nord r C es an H d StrongpointL 8 o es e ug l s u e es r N 18 R o below the upper car park, a narrow path leads ue de S o
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Green Island Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
The southern end of St. Ouen’s Bay has two An impressive, well-disguised heavy machine Resistance Nest well-sited bunkers sitting back-to-back in a Heavy machine gun bunker stands on a rising hill above the car classic German coastal fortification park in front of Val de la Mare Reservoir dam. arrangement. Carriere gun bunker, On top sits a huge six-inch thick steel turret Looking out towards the enigmatic La Rocco disguised by granite. Its two MG 34 machine 9 St. Ouen’s Bay Tower, Resistance Nest Carriere’s right-hand guns once swept surrounding fields to create a bunker still contains a 10.5-centimetre St. Ouen perfect killing zone between here and the Location: Astride the anti-tank wall overlooking ex-French coastal defence gun. Its left-hand coast. the beach off Route de la Pulente, one mile counterpart once possessed a smaller 11 St. Ouen north of La Pulente, a small semi-circular car 4.7-centimetre ex-Czechoslovakian anti-tank Most similar massive turrets installed by the Location: La Rue du Moulin behind park opposite gun. Consider the challenge of approaching Germans disappeared in post-war scrap drives St. Ouen’s Bay their rear entrances, both well protected by leaving this one of only two that remain in www.cios.org.je/bunkers/resistance-nest-la- machine gun embrasures. Jersey. Today in the care of the CI Occupation Lat / Long: 49.212871, -2.212324 mare-mill Society the bunker can be visited during Across the main road a lofty searchlight designated opening times. Lat / Long: 49.193545, -2.227449 platform overlooks the site, connected by concrete ramp to a large bunker once protecting the light when not in use and its associated generator equipment.
Deep within Jersey’s quiet countryside stands “Kernwerk”, the German’s fortress battle Kernwerk, headquarters complex. From this secluded cluster of impressive concrete bunkers, the Fortress battle fortress commander could have coordinated his defensive effort. headquarters Today, the complex’s five huge HQ and communication bunkers remain, although Around a 19th century granite fortification, the 10 St. Peter mostly hidden among hedgerows and private Resistance Nest Germans constructed a complex of defences houses. codenamed Resistance Nest Kempt Tower. Location: In the centre of the island, as you pass the Jersey War Tunnels and head north on But one is clearly visible, standing in a field Kempt Tower Identifying St. Ouen’s Bay as a likely invasion site, Le Rue du Coin Varin beside La Rue du Coin Varin. There are obvious the Germans created a solid line of elaborate remains of cunning attempts to hide its 12 St. Ouen’s Bay beachfront defences along a huge concrete www.jerseybunkertours.com/kernwerk purpose. Disguised as a Jersey farmhouse, anti-tank wall. A second defence line ran along fake chimneys stand on the roof and false Location: Off B35 La Grande Route des Mielles the bay’s inland hills, with intricate obstacles, Lat / Long: 49.216657, -2.165190 windows appear on two sides complete with (Five Mile Road), near Kempt Tower ditches, mines and barbed wire in front. concrete shutters. www.jerseyheritage.org/holiday/kempt-tower At Kempt Tower, available today as a Jersey Heritage self-catering let, a huge German Lat / Long: 49.221244, -2.227536 bunker once equipped with an ex-French 10.5-centimetre coastal defence gun stands angled to fire south along the beach. Imagine being on those sands under its fearsome sights. Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
The former windmill known as Moulin de la A massive concrete anti-tank wall, or Campagne, the ‘mill in the country’, looks out Panzermauern, stretches along St. Ouen’s Bay, St. Ouen’s Mill over the broad sweep of St. Ouen’s Bay. Seized Anti-tank wall designed to trap Allied invaders on the sands artillery observation by the Germans, they converted it into an artillery 15 St. Ouen’s Bay under remorseless gun fire. observation post, adding a concrete top complete Constructing the walls needed a huge with menacing 360-degree lookout slits. Location: The northern end of St. Ouen’s Bay post workforce of slave and forced labourers. around Lewis and Kempt Towers, and towards Wherever practical, the Germans modified Brought to the island from across Europe, cruel 13 St. Ouen the south around Le Braye and La Carriere existing structures for defensive needs. With overseers guarded these unfortunates, their height and coastal setting, Jersey’s whipping and beating without hesitation Location: Off Rue du Couvent, a narrow lane Lat / Long: 49.223804, -2.229633 windmills made ideal makeshift artillery anyone not obeying orders or not considered connecting C106 (Le Mont Rossingnol) and B64 observation posts. to be working hard enough. (La Route du Marais), Grantez, St. Ouen. Using the one here made further sense. A Today the walls make ideal coastal sea Lat / Long: 49.226312, -2.210603 powerful artillery battery stood in fields next to defences and offer some shade to those the nearby St. Ouen’s Parish Church, with the enjoying the beach below. But they also stand mill used as its observation post. as silent testament to the Nazi brutality once witnessed across the island.
Visit the Channel Islands Military Museum to view a unique, fascinating collection of Channel Islands Occupation weapons, artefacts, images and documents. Its home is a German bunker Military Museum standing next to an old British Martello Tower, centrepiece of a group of wartime fortifications 14 St. Ouen’s Bay once codenamed Resistance Nest Lewis Tower.
Location: Off B35 La Grande Route des Mielles The impressive museum’s bunker possessed Strongpoint L’Etacquerel’s impressive cluster of (Five Mile Road), there is a car park opposite an ex-French 10.5-centimetre coastal defence German fortifications guarded St. Ouen’s Bay Jersey Pearl at the northern end of St. Ouen’s Bay gun. Examine a small ex-French tank turret on Strongpoint against Allied invasion. its roof captured in 1940 when the Germans www.jersey.com/see-and-do/channel-island- overran France. It’s one of the last examples of L’Etacquerel The huge concrete bunker upon the low rocky military-museum a weapon once found all around the islands promontory is the most obvious. Replacing a coastline but lost in a post-war scrap drive. 16 St. Ouen’s Bay demolished British Martello Tower, the bunker 49.229468, -2.234324 Lat / Long: possessed a huge steel turret armed with two Location: Where the B35 bends sharp right and MG 34 machine guns and an ex-French climbs from the coast at the north end of St. 10.5-centimetre coastal defence gun. Ouen’s Bay Today the bunker houses Faulkner Fisheries, www.faulknerfisheries.com selling local produce and running a much- favoured quirky café. Lat / Long: 49.240133, -2.249652 Another nearby bunker facing along the beach once also contained an ex-French 10.5-centimetre gun. Behind lies an extensive tunnel system leading to an entrance in the high ground above. Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Occupation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
The imposing remains of Battery Moltke stand From the carpark above Plémont Café, walk high above towering cliffs, its four powerful east along the cliff path to discover the Battery Moltke 15.5-centimetre ex-French guns once Strongpoint fascinating remains of Strongpoint Plémont. 17 Les Landes commanding sea approaches into St. Ouen’s Bay. One remains within its gun position, Plémont Modified by the Germans, a ruined 18th century guardhouse here mounted twin anti-aircraft MG Location: From St. Ouen’s Bay to Plémont Bay restored by the CI Occupation Society. 34 machine guns. Below, another modified road off Route du Ouest, ‘Battery Moltke’ sign 19 Plémont Nearby are two further gun barrels in another British fortification contains searchlight shelter points to car park for Les Landes South Carpark concrete emplacement, both recovered after Location: Head towards Plémont Beach and and platforms linked by overgrown railway track. and the coast path to Rouge Nez tower. Coast being thrown over nearby cliffs during a follow the road Rue de Petit Plémont where path also leads to Les Landes and Rouge Nez post-war clean-up. there is parking by Plémont Fort ruins and the Further along stands a remote split-level from bend in B35 road, marked ‘Cliff path to bunker. artillery observation bunker. Lost for many Grosnez’. Around and below lie a labyrinth of years within a collection of buildings forming underground rooms and passages, highly Lat / Long: 49.258722, -2.227705 Plémont Holiday Camp, it was only revealed www.cios.org.je/bunkers/batterie-moltke/ recommended to visit during designated after a long and landmark battle leading to the Lat / Long: 49.244565, -2.247741 opening times. Other battery fortifications lie camp’s demolition. The whole area has since northwards along the cliffs and scattered been returned to its beautiful natural state. around the surrounding area, bursting with colourful flowering heath throughout the year.
The closeness of beautifully formed Grève de Lecq to France led to stout British granite Strongpoint barracks being built on the hillside here, together with an 18th century Jersey Grève de Lecq Round Tower. 20 Grève de Lecq Along the seafront is evidence of German defensive efforts too. Tucked under the Location: Le Mont de Sainte Marie and Le Mont headland, a well-sited bunker once armed with Standing close to ruined Grosnez Castle, MP3, de la Grève de Lecq both lead towards Grève a powerful 7.5-centimetre anti-tank gun which a huge naval artillery direction and range- de Lecq beach. was angled to fire along the beach. Opposite, Rouge Nez finding tower, is among the most enigmatic towards the pier, another large concrete Naval artillery Occupation sites found anywhere. www.jerseybunkertours.com/greve-de-lecq- bunker possessed an ex-French tower-project 10.5-centimetre coastal defence gun. One of three built by the Germans in Jersey, direction and the tower’s purpose was directing artillery fire Lat / Long: 49.246699, -2.200106 A nearby ruinous concrete and granite from the island’s heavy gun batteries onto structure once protected a searchlight hauled range-finding tower multiple naval targets. out to illuminate any night time attackers attempting to land here. 18 Grosnez A huge latticework radar aerial once stood on top, the bunker near its base housing the Location: Follow the signs for Les Landes associated generator. From there it’s possible Racecourse and you will see the MP3 tower in to carefully catch a glimpse of the gun the background. Parking either by Grosnez graveyard, an extraordinary jumble of rusting Castle or by Battery Moltke and walk along the metal created when the British Army dumped coast path to reach the tower. 29 German heavy weapons after the war. Lat / Long: 49.252539, -2.252980 PlémontPlémontPlémontPlémontPlémont
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Near St. Catherine’s Breakwater a German Mont Orgueil Castle has stood tall and proud Jersey Turbot bunker guards the entrance to a shadowy tunnel on its rocky eastern promontory since system today housing a working turbot farm. Artillery Medieval times. As with many of Jersey’s existing British fortifications, it was adapted by Farm The Breakwater is a lonely legacy of a huge but observation the Germans, although the modifications are incomplete 19th century British naval harbour cunningly disguised. 23 St. Catherine’s Breakwater planned to thwart French designs on Jersey. Its builders quarried stone from around the base, towers High on its battlements are three seemingly Location: On the right of the B29 just before it leaving the huge isolated hillock here today. ancient granite-clad towers. These are actually loops back on itself opposite St. Catherine’s 25 Mont Orgueil Castle German coastal artillery range-finding Breakwater. Under its massive bulk the Germans positions, observing surrounding waters and Take the A3 from St. Helier through constructed the bunker to house an ex-French Location: directing fire from heavy guns. Lat / Long: 49.223986, -2.021059 10.5-centimetre coastal defence gun. Behind Grouville to Gorey, you can’t miss Mont Orgueil runs a tunnel complex now containing the as you head to this side of the island. A further remarkable German adaption is found pipes, tanks and pumps of Jersey Turbot Farm. at the base of Gorey Harbour pier. The house at www.jerseyheritage.org/places-to-visit/ No 14 is actually a German bunker once armed Please note: Not open to visitors during the mont-orgueil-castle with machine gun and anti-tank gun firing from Coronavirus Pandemic. first floor balcony. Tel +44 (0) 1534 853292
Lat / Long: 49.199454, -2.019182
High on a windswept hill opposite Mont Orgueil Castle and overlooking the quiet Anne Port Bay Victoria Tower stands a 19th century British Martello Tower 24 Above Anne Port Bay surrounded by several Occupation-era fortifications. Location: On the B28 just north of Gorey, bear When the Germans occupied Jersey, they right down a narrow lane past the JAAC (Jersey fortified the tower as an observation and Accommodation and Activity Centre) and down command post and constructed defensive the narrow road of Le Mont Mallet where you positions around it with machine guns, flame- can park and see the tower. Or walk less than throwers, anti-tank gun and searchlight, along half a mile from Gorey Harbour on foot along with shelters for men and ammunition. A deep Rte de la Cote towards Anne Port and follow artillery observation bunker excavated here the National Trust path up to the tower. housed communication equipment and troops. www.nationaltrust.je/project/victoria-tower Today, the tower is cared for by the National Lat / Long: 49.202607, -2.020815 Trust for Jersey, which opens it to visitors from time-to-time. PlémontPlémontPlémontPlémontPlémont
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a u L o a l u Broad St i M ier After five years of occupation, liberation came to Jersey L v o h t nt So New St o e t d on the 9 May 1945 - Liberation Day, an event still Fishermen's 12 15 e Esplanade e du 3 Li Lo out Chapel be 6 celebrated in Jersey with an annual bank holiday and ng La R it P rat 7 ue et ort ion festivities that mark this momentous occasion. vill Grouville P 5 Hill St e Rd N
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Green Island Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
Outside the Maritime Museum on the New North Quay stands the Lighthouse Memorial. It Maritime Lighthouse commemorates the Jersey 21, men and women tried and deported during the Occupation, and Museum and Memorial who tragically died in Nazi prisons and camps. An advance party of 23 men followed behind, Occupation landing on the New North Quay. Led by 2 St. Helier Their ‘crimes’ were acts of disobedience and Lieutenant-Colonel Robinson and Captain defiance including listening to banned radios, Hugh Le Brocq, they were besieged by civilians Location: Outside the Maritime Museum on taking German supplies and sheltering Tapestry and endured hundreds of kisses. The relief of New North Quay escaped slave workers. liberation was quite clear to them! 1 St. Helier Among the names, commemorated annually on The Maritime Museum has many objects on Holocaust Day, is Louisa Gould, whose story was told in the 2017 film ‘Another Mother’s Son’. Location: Maritime Museum, New North Quay, display from the Occupation period, including St. Helier Harbour items retrieved from Allied and enemy wrecks. After sheltering an escaped slave worker, Mrs One gallery is dedicated to telling the story of Gould ended up in Ravensbrück Concentration the Diana, one of the small boats that took part Camp, where she perished just before the Jersey’s Maritime Museum is on the New North in the dramatic evacuation of Allied troops from war’s end. Quay within St. Helier Harbour, a focal point St. Malo in June 1940. during Jersey’s Liberation on 09 May 1945. After five long, hard and hungry years, the first The museum also holds the Occupation liberators from Force 135 landed at the end of Tapestry. Its original 12 panels were unveiled in Standing beside the Elizabeth Marina, Richard the harbour’s Albert Pier. 1995 for the 50th anniversary of the Liberation, Freedom Tree Perry’s Freedom Tree, which symbolises fresh whilst a 13th panel was commissioned in 2015 growth and continuity, was unveiled by HM That landing party was led by two Royal Navy to mark the 70th anniversary. 3 St. Helier Queen Elizabeth II to mark 60 years since officers, Surgeon-Lieutenant Ronald McDonald Liberation. The striking bronze sculpture and Sub-Lieutenant David Milln, who were Each of the original 12 panels was created by Location: La Pièche de L’Av’nîn, the Place of the carries 30 oak leaves and 12 acorns – one for lifted shoulder-high at one point and carried to one of Jersey’s 12 parishes. The 13th toured the each of Jersey’s parishes. the Harbour Office, from the window of which Future, behind the Radisson Blu Waterfront island during its creation, offering every islander Hotel by the Elizabeth Marina they unfurled a large Union Flag. the opportunity to make their own stitch. The tree overlooks West Park beach, along which crowds gathered on 13 May 1945 to witness the arrival of enormous Allied landing ships on its sands.
Stan Keiller remembers: ‘Oh, when they opened the bow doors, it was like gaping holes of blackness from which emerged all these vehicles, men and materials. It was fantastic…’ Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
would have been in big trouble. It wasn’t until the end of the Occupation, and in time for 9 SS Vega ‘V for Victory’, May - Liberation Day - that the majority of people realised that there was a ‘V for Victory’ Memorial Royal Square in the Royal Square.’ 4 St. Helier 6 St. Helier Joseph’s act was a witty, cheeky raspberry blown at the invaders, right under the heels of Location: On the retaining wall of Albert Pier, Location: Hidden among the paving stones of their jackboots. St. Helier Harbour Royal Square, look carefully! St. Helier’s Royal Square was also where many A large golden ‘V for Victory’ and plaque on the Despite the threat of severe punishment and islanders gathered on 8 May 1945 to hear Albert Pier commemorates the Red Cross ship approximately one German occupier to every Winston Churchill’s VE Day speech on the SS Vega’s arrival with vital food parcels on 30 four civilians, acts of subversion were radio. Loudspeakers had been erected there December 1944, and subsequent visits bringing widespread. Joseph Le Guyader found a and elsewhere around town in preparation. more supplies. unique way of expressing his defiance, as grandsons Chris and Dave Le Guyader Stan Keiller remembers: ‘The Square was Negotiations between British, German and Red recounted: absolutely jam packed tight with animated people, smiles and laughter. Then we heard the Cross representatives over Jersey’s ‘God, we were happy,’ remembers Gerald Le ‘Our grandfather was relaying the flagstones in crackle of the loudspeakers, and at that beleaguered, isolated population had begun in Marrec, 11 years old at the time. ‘Maple Leaf the Royal Square. That’s when he thought it moment the Square became silent – you could the autumn of 1944. After a tense agreement, cheese, Klim milk, cans of salmon, jam, Smiles would be a good idea, as an act of defiance, to have heard a pin drop.’ When the Prime SS Vega was allowed through, to the immense and Chuckles chocolate…see, I’ve never install a ‘V for Victory’ within the stones, which Minister stated that ‘…our dear Channel Islands relief of islanders nearing starvation. forgotten them!’ he had to cover up with sand every night so the are also to be freed today’ the crowd erupted Germans didn’t see, because if they had, he with cheers.’
Pomme d’Or Hotel 5 St. Helier
Location: Liberation Square
As German naval headquarters, a large swastika flag hung from the Pomme d’Or Hotel during Occupation. One of Liberation Day’s key ‘I was outside the Pomme d’Or amongst a events came when Force 135’s Lieutenant huge, huge crowd of people and I watched the Colonel Robinson with the help of Jersey’s Army personnel enter the hotel and come out Harbourmaster, Captain Harry Richmond, on the balcony. Flag waving and cheering. And replaced it with a British flag. they started to throw cigarettes and little packets of sweets and biscuits…I was Those who witnessed the beloved Union Flag clambering around on the floor and picking up raising will never forget the moment, including all the stuff that had been missed, and stuffing Stan Hockley, 12 years old at the time: my pockets with all these little things…’ Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
Marking Liberation’s 60th anniversary, engraved pavement slabs were installed in Monument to Pavement St. Helier’s Charing Cross area bearing moving quotations by those who lived through the “It was an enormous relief,” recalls Bob Le Occupation . Freedom Sueur, “there was a feeling quite suddenly of Quotations on 7 St. Helier freedom. We no longer had to worry about Together, stones and quotes make a powerful, whether or not anyone knew that we were York Street & memorable statement about the resilience and hearing the BBC on one of our secret little Location: Liberation Square generosity of human spirit in times of radios. We no longer had to watch carefully desperation. what one said, even to a close friend in case Charing Cross Liberation Square was officially opened as part that person might be too talkative and gossipy. 8 St. Helier Occupation veteran Maurice Gautier recalled: of the 50th anniversary celebrations. The We could begin living all over again. We no ‘When Winston Churchill came to the part “Our principal building beside the Square, was the longer had in front of us huge swastika flags dear Channel Islands are also to be freed Location: In the pavement at intervals along German Harbour Office during the Occupation flying outside our public buildings”. York Street and Charing Cross today” everybody in the road began to cheer years. It was from a first-floor window of this like mad’. building that a Union Flag was lowered by the Marking the significance of these events first two Allied troops to arrive in Jersey, required a poignant and powerful memorial Spanish Republican forced labourer John Surgeon-Lieutenant Ronald McDonald and sculpture. Unveiled by the Prince of Wales on Dalmau’s recollection is immortalised: ‘I shall Sub-Lieutenant David Milln. the 50th anniversary of the Liberation, never forget the kindness shown to me by Monument to Freedom, otherwise known as other slave workers and the people of Jersey’. Shortly afterwards the flag was taken over to the Liberation Sculpture, is the design of the adjacent Pomme D’Or Hotel by Jersey sculptor Philip Jackson FRSS. It depicts joyous Harbourmaster, Captain Harry Richmond, and islanders waving a Union Flag at the moment of hoisted from its flagpole on the balcony by the Liberation of Jersey, after five long years of Colonel Robinson with his assistance. German Occupation. Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
protect the fortress. An underwater minefield at Elizabeth Castle the entrance to the Harbour was controlled St. Helier 9 St. Aubin’s Bay from a blockhouse on the Elizabeth Castle Breakwater. Harbour Location: Access at low tide on foot along the Elizabeth Castle formed the backdrop to the Albert Pier causeway from West Park slipway or by ferry. 10 St. Helier scene as the Bailiff of Jersey departed for HMS 12 year old Stan Hockley remembers: “I was Beagle on the morning of Liberation Day. He On 9 May 1945, St. Helier Harbour was filled down at the harbour watching the soldiers The mighty Tudor stronghold of Elizabeth was accompanied by General Wulf who was to with people watching the magnificent events of coming in…The first two men were naval Castle dominates the entrance to St. Helier sign the Unconditional Surrender at 7:15am. Liberation taking place there. Harbour from its rocky islet in St. Aubin’s Bay. officers, McDonald and Milln. It was quite Added to and re-fortified over the centuries, it On 10 May Royal Navy minesweepers searched amazing because everyone wanted to touch has always been a vital key in the defence of the inter-Island channels and approaches to St. them, clap them on the back, the girls wanted the island’s capital town, which the occupying Helier Harbour to prepare for the arrival of the to kiss them and some people wanted to Germans recognised. main liberation force. The underwater minefield scrounge their cigarettes.” was disconnected. The German forces converted the Castle into a Carried shoulder-high, the two officers powerful strongpoint consisting of two On the morning of 12 May the first landing craft eventually arrived at the Harbour Office to unfurl resistance nests, one facing west and another artillery of the main liberation force landed at a large Union Flag from its first floor window. to the east, equipped with long-range coastal Elizabeth Castle. Two days later the Castle guns. The Upper Ward of the Castle became an formed the backdrop for immense lines of anti-aircraft battery; searchlights and roll German prisoners of war, as they waited to be Victoria Pier bombs, anti-tank guns, flamethrowers and a evacuated to England aboard vast American Bob Le Sueur was determined to see the arrival host of machine guns were also employed to landing ships. of Liberation troops:
“We knew that the Albert Pier was blocked to civilians... We would go to the end of the Victoria Harbour and we would sit there to see whatever would come through the pier heads. We went down the Commercial Buildings, around the corner by the La Folie Inn... suddenly my hosepipe tyre snapped with a noise like a revolver shot, and I can still see in my memory two people throwing themselves to the ground…” Lifeboat Slipway On 12 May, a second wave of liberating troops came ashore, arriving by landing craft on the Victoria Harbour lifeboat slipway. This was also used extensively by 12 amphibious DUKWs, which came ashore to the crowd’s delight. Such a strange sight for many who had never seen a lorry driving out of the sea! Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide N Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide At the bottom of a steep wooded valley stands a moving memorial commemorating Jersey’s Operation only wartime British Commando raid, and the Hardtack 28 death of its young commanding officer. Operation Hardtack 28 took place on the night PlémontPlémontPlémontPlémontPlémont of 25 December 1943. Landing in the remote
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Location: Le Hurel Slipway with two friends, Peter Crill and Roy Mourant. Green Island The people in the area helped us greatly, and in particular, Wilfred (Bill) Bertram and his cousin Thomas. Escapers were allowed to shelter in his barn – and some of them even got hot drinks.’
Site Bus Jersey KEY 23 number 9 number National Park Liberation sites. Occupation and Liberation Trail Guide
Aware of the convoy, six US Motor Torpedo boats were dispatched to intercept. Through Memorial to US thick fog and mined waters, the first wave sighted and attacked the German convoy off Motor Torpedo St. Ouen’s Bay. The remainder waited near Noirmont Point, eventually launching torpedoes Squadron 34 towards the approaching German formation. When no torpedo hits were heard, the 13 St. Brelade American boats decided to attack the convoy again, firing upon as many German vessels as Noirmont Point Location: possible before escaping at high speed.
Among the warren of German bunkers found at A fierce fire fight ensued, one of the bloodiest Noirmont Point is a moving memorial to in PT boat history and resulting in the loss of PT American naval servicemen killed in an 509 and death of 16 American servicemen. engagement after D-Day While those bodies floating ashore were buried With the Cotentin Peninsula firmly in Allied by the Germans in Howard Davis Park War hands by August 1944, German commanders in Cemetery, the remains of nine men were never the Channel Islands expected an imminent recovered. attack on Jersey. To counter, they planned to transfer two powerful artillery batteries from A ceremony held annually at Noirmont Point on Guernsey to Jersey. Early on 9 August 1944, 9 August honours the lost men of PT Squadron the convoy carrying these weapons and their 34. Some parts of PT 509 recovered by divers crews slipped out of St. Peter Port Harbour are on display at the Jersey Maritime Museum bound for St. Helier. and in Battery Lothringen Command Bunker. All information correct at time of printing and subject to change without notice. Visit Safe. We’re ready to welcome you to our little island. Check for restrictions at gov.je
Tourist Information Centre Liberation Station St. Helier JE2 3AS
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