22434 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 H.R. 9126. A blll to amend the Public revenues from outer Continental Shelf By Mr. CONTE: Health Services Act to provide for the pro lands; and for other purposes; to the Com H.R. 9140. A bill to divorce the businesses tection of the public health from unneces mittee on the Judiciary. of production, refining, and transporting of sary medical exposure to ionizing radiation; By Mr. PICKLE (for himself, Mr. BELL, petroleum products from that of marketing to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Mr. BROWN of California, Mr. CRo petroleum products; to the Committee on the Commerce. NIN, Mr. GUNTER, Mr. MARTIN of Judiciary. By Mr. KOCH (for himself and Mr. North Carolina, Mr. RoE, Mr. . ByMr.MACDONALD: BURTON): THORNTON, and Mr. WINN): H.R. 9141. A bill to require the Secretary H.R . 9127. A bill to amend the Immigra H.R. 9133. A bill to authorize the Na4 of Transportation to prescribe regulations tion and Nationality Act with respect to the tional Science Foundation to designate cer governing the humane treatment of animals waiver of certain grounds for exclusion and tain institutions of higher education as na transported in air commerce; to the Com deportation; to the Committee on the Judi tional energy research centers; to the Com mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. ciary. mittee on Science and Astronautics. By Mr. LEGGETT: By Mr. SHOUP: By Mr. PRICE of Texas: H.R. 9142. A bill to restore, support, and H.R. 9128. A bill to amend title 38, United H.R. 9134. A bill to amend the Economic States Code, in order to authorize the Ad maintain modern, efficient, rail service in the Stab11ization Act of 1970; to the Committee Northeast region of the United States, to ministrator of Veterans' Affairs to contract on Banking and Currency. for hospital care and medical services for designate e. system of esse-ntial rail lines in By Mr. SEIBERLING: the Northeast region, to provide financial veterans with service-connected disabilities; H.R. 9135. A bill to provide for the regula t'o the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. assistance to rail carriers in the Northeast tion of surface coal mining for the region, to improve competitive equity among By Mr. MA~AZITI: conservation, acquisition, and reclamation of H.R. 9129. A bil.l to amend title 18 of the surface transportation modes, to improve the surface areas affected by the coal mining process of Government regulation and for United States Code to provide penalties for activities, and for other purposes; to the · the murder, manslaughter, or attempted other purposes; to the Committee on Inter Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. state and Foreign Commerce. murder or manslaughter of Federal law en By Mr. STUDDS (for himself, Mr. forcement officers, members of federally as . By Mr. ANNUNZIO. O'NEILL, Mr. COHEN, Mr. FORSYTHE, H.J. Res. 649. Joint resolution to provide sisted law enforcement agencies and Fed Mr. KYROS, Mr. ROONEY of Pennsyl eral employees; to the Committee on the for the issuance of a special postage stamp vania, Mr. SARBANES, Mr. YOUNG of in commemoration of Guglielmo Marconi; Judiciary. Alaska, Mr. BuRKE of Massachusetts, By Mr MELCHER (for himself, Mr. to the Committee on Post Office and Civil Mr. BOLAND, Mr. CONT~, Mr. CRONIN, RONCALIO of Wyoming, Mr. JOHN Service. Mr. DE LUGO, Mr. DERWINSKI, Mr. By Mr.' DRINAN (for himself, Mr. SON of California, Mr. TAYLOR Of DONOHUE, Mr. DRINAN, Mr. EILBERG, North Carolina, Mr. RuNNELS, Mr. ANDERSON of California, Mr. BROWN Mrs. GRASSO, Mrs. HANSEN of Wash of California, Mr. GREEN of Penn- YOUNG of Alaska, Mr. STEIGER Of ington, Mr. HARRINGTON, Mrs. HECK Arizona, Mr. KAZEN, . Mr. WoN . sylvania, Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. OWENS, LER of Massachusetts, Mr. HEINz, Mr. Mr. POWELL, Mr. RIEGLE, . Mrs. PAT, Mr. VIGORITO, Mr. DON H. CLAU HowARD, Mr. LEHMAN, and Mr. SEN, Mr. HOSMER, Mr. STEPHENS, Mr. SCHROEDER, Mr. TIERNAN, Mr. YOUNG LENT): of Georgia and Mr. KASTENMEIER): ToWELL of Nevada, Mr. CAMP, Mr. H.R. 9136. A bill to extend on an interim JoNES of Oklahoma, Mr. DE LuGo, H.J. Res. 650. Joint resolution proposing basis the jurisdiction of the United States -amendmt:nt to the Constitution .of the . Mr. LUJAN, Mr. MARTIN of North over certain ocean areas and fish' in order'to an United States lowering the ~e require- . Carolina, Mr. KETCHUM~ and Mr. protect the domestic fishing-industry, and for CRONIN): ments for membership in the Houses of other purposes; to the Committee on Mer Congress; to the Committee on ~he J~dici H.R. 9130. A bill to amend section 28 of chant Marine and Fisheries. the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, ana to au ary. By Mr. STUDDS (for himself, Mr. Mc . ByMr.PUQUA: thorize a trans-Alaska oil and gas pipeline, CORMACK, Mr.- McKINNEY, Mr. MAC• and for other purposes; to .the Committee DONALD, Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. REES, Mr. H.J. Res. 651. Joint resolution relating to the taking of the 1974 Census of. Agricul on Interior and Insular Affairs. RINALDO, Mr. ROSE, Mr. STARK, ¥!• By ~r. MINISH: . . TIERNAN, Mr. WHITEHURST, and Mr. tp.re; to the Committee on Post Office and H.R. 9131. A bill to provide for the con WON PAT): Civil Service. servation protection and propagation of spe By Mr. KEATING: . H.R. 9137. A bill to extend on an interim cies or subspecies of fish and wildlife that H.J. Res. 652. Joint resolution. · desi~nat are threatened with extinction or likely basis the jurisdiction . of the United States over certain ocean areas and fish in order to ing certain election days as legal public within the foreseeable future to become holidays, and for other purposes; to the threatened with extinction, and for other protect the domestic fishing industry, and for other purposes; to the Comnii1Jtee on Mer Committee on the Judiciary. purposes; to the Committee on Merchant . By Mr. ASPIN: Marine and Fisheries. chant Marine and Fisheries. By Mr. YOUNG of South Carolina: . _ H. Con. Res. 261. Concurrent _resolution By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. H.R. 9138. A bill to amend the Agricultural expressing the sense Qf. the Congress that a DRINAN, Mr. BOLAND, Mr. CRONIN, Adjustment Act of 1938, as amended, to pro moratorium be declared on any further Ms. GRAsso, Mr. CoTTER, Mr. BuRKE vide for emergency allotment lease and trans abandonment o:( rail services or facilities of Massachusetts, Mr. KYRos, Mr-r fer of certain tobacco allotments or quotas within the rural nonmetropolitan regions of HARRINGTON, Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. in disaster areas; to the Committee on Agri the United States until such time that ap TIERNAN, Mr. COHEN, Mr. CLEVE culture. propriate investigations can be conducted LAND, Mr. CONTE, Mr. SARASIN, Mr. . By Mr. CLAY: to determine what might be done to con DONOHUE, Mr. MCKINNEY, Mr. ST tinue such service where it is determined GERMAIN, Ms. HECKLER Of Massachu H.R. 9139. A bill to amend title 5, United to be essential to the continued growth and setts, Mr. STEELE, Mr. MACDONALD, States Code, to restore-the survivor annuities development of communities and industries and Mr. STUDDS) : of certain remarried spouses whose remar located within such regions. This mora . H.R. 9132. A bi11 to create a Marine Re riages have terminated, and for other pur torium shall remain in effect until at least sources Conservation and Development poses; to the Committee on Post Office and June 30, 1974; to the Committee on Inter Fund, to provide for the distribution of Civil Service. state and Foreign Comm~rce.
EXTENSIONS- OF- REMARKS
FRANK KELLOGG· RECEIVES awarded the medalliol). of the Hebrew ·- At this time I enter into the RECORD AWARD · University. Mr. Kellogg's acce:Jtance speech: This ·presentation was made _in recog REMARKS MADE BY THE· HONORABLE FRANCIS nition of his work in helping Russian L. KELLOGG HON. JOSHUA EI_LBERG Jews during their trip from the Soviet . Excellencies, President Harman, Distin· OF PENNSYLVANIA guished Faculty and Staff, Friends new and Union to Israel. old: I am pleased and honored to accept this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I also believe that Frank Kellogg award, the Medallion of the Hebrew Univer Thursday, June 28, 1973 deserves recognition for the help he gave sity. me in getting the funds appropriated by But, Mr. President, in accepting it, I receive Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, recently it not for myself but for the American people. the Honorable Francis L. Kellogg, Spe Congress to help resettle Russian Jews in Our nation, like yours, has a time-honored cial Assistant to the Secretary of State Israel released and turned over to the tradition of concern for immigrants and for Refugee and Migration Affairs, was agencies which work with the emigrants. refugees. Since our earliest history refugees June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22435 and migrants have been welcomed to our days the House of Representatives will Deputy Ho Ngoc Nhuan of your National As shores, as Thomas Jefferson said, "to enjoy find itself without the valuable services sembly disclosed a new version of what we the blessings of liberty." of Frank Battaglia who, for 30 years, knew previously as Operation Phoenix? Is it The American people respop.d to humani not true that under this plan anyone with tarian causes quickly and compassio!lately. has served the House so faithfully as an allegiances to the opposition is subject to ar Annually they give over $600,000,000 to the Official Reporter. rest and indefinite imprisonment? voluntary agencies of their choice for good Frank now is dean of the Official Re There is widespread belief in this country works overseas-more than two dollars for porters corps. It is through his efforts th~t our own civilian advisors are now serv every one dollar of additional help provided and the efforts of his colleagues that the ing as counsel to the National Police Special refugees by our Government. amazing job of preparing transcripts for Branch in Saigon, or to the Provincial Inter Mr. President, I accept this award, too, on the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD is carried out rogation Centers. Can you deny the truth of behalf of the United States Congress and in I this rumor? particular of Senator Javits and Muskie and with such speed and accuracy. ques This prevailing philosophy which denies all Congressmen Bingham and Halpern, for they tion that any of us adequately appreci civil liberties is only one aspect of your gov led the way in providing the material assist ates the truly excellent work which this ernment that I distrust. Far more serious, I ance that represents the will and the desire 'dedicated group accomplishes for the believe, is your utter disregard for the hu of the people of America to help in the task Congress. Over the years, I have marveled mane priorities of all other "free societies." of giving Soviet refugees a. new life in a new again and again at the manner in which War orphans in South Vietnam number in country. they manage to record verbatim the the hundreds of thousands, possibly millions, And finally, Mr. President, I accept the words uttered in the often confusing at and adequate care is visibly lacking. Much of Medallion on behalf of Secretary of State your population is now one of refugees and William P. Rogers, who so often has expressed mosphere of this Chamber. yet no viable planning has been developed his concern for the plight of refugees wher Frank Battaglia came to us well pre for their support. ever they may be and his belief, the belief pared for his work. He studied shorthand The vast amount of American foreign aid of free people throughout the world, that at DeWitt Clinton High School in his you receive does not go to the support of no man should be born without the right of native New York City. He later used his these people so critically in need of assist freedom of movement. skill in several positions while attending ance. we subsidize, instead, your military May I also mention the members of my night school. Working his way through needs and the social habits of your govern own staff at the Department of State, who City College of New York and Fordham ment officials. Such a blatant disregard for labor long and diligently in the interest of basic humanitarianism is totally unaccept refugees. Law School, he then worked as a free able. While we recognize the importance of feed lance shorthand reporter in almost every You may be certain that I will do all within ing and clothing the hungry-providing med court in New York City. my power to see that all future American aid icine and shelter to the needy-these I might Arriving in Washington where he had to your country is suspended. I cannot, un add are not the accomplishments of my of heard there was an acute shortage of der any circumstances, see the justification fice of which I am proud. Significant and shorthand reporters, he worked for vari for such misuse of desperately needed dol measurable progress has been made during ous Federal agencies and later became a lars. This money must be used for the sup my years of tenure with regard to: port of those oppressed people in our own The principle of freedom of movement. specialist at reporting committee hear country and in Vietnam, who must depend The inalienable rights of refugees as ex ings. on their fellow man for a: ·!stance. You do pressed in the Protocol and Convention on Named an Official Reporter of De not provide this assistance. the Status of Refugees. bates in 1943, Frank came to us through Any American dollars spent abroad must The right of asylUm-what the French recognition of his capabilities by Speaker be spent for the good of people most sorely call nonrefoulment--assurance that a. refu Sam Rayburn and he has been here ever in need. I believe that many thousands of gee will not be forced to return to his coun since. the people of your country fit this category. try at the risk of his life. Now he is retiring after 30 years and Until all the world can witness that they are And the Travel Document which assures truly being rehabilitated you should not be a refugee safe travel abroad and a. safe re he will be missed. All of us who have permitted the luxury of misappropriating turn to his new country. known and admired him over the years and abusing our ald. These are the milestones of which I per wish him good luck and good health in sonally am most proud. his retirement and we take solace in the And now I have a. confession and a pledge fact that those Official Reporters who re to make to you. On the morning after my main with us have had Frank Battaglia REBORN TAVERN arrival in your country I was interviewed as their mentor, teacher, and example. on your radio and under the pressure of time-as the hands of the studio clock moved inexorably onwards-and with so much to HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN say, I spoke of your country as "small." OF MARYLAND LETTER TO BE READ ON CAPITOL Size as measured by metes and bounds, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by square meters, by acres or miles is but STEPS one measure of the scope of a. country. In Thursday, June 28, 1973 the days that followed by arrival here I have Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, the 20th seen more significant dimensions: HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK The concern and compassion with which century has been a period of advance your people receive the many newcomers OF CALIFORNIA ment and progress in nearly all phases of fro·m overseas; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES life, however, we have sometimes ne The warmth and welcome you offer them; Thursday, June 28, 1973 glected to preserve many of our histori The respect they are given; cal structures, Mr. John Giannetti of And many other things. Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, several Bladensburg, Md., is one person who has Last night still another dimension-your weeks ago I received a letter from the shown the insight in preserving our link great Philharmonic Orchestra with its talent Honorable D. B. Xuan Minh, first vice to the past. equal to any, and with musicians from Rus president of the House of Representa sia playing alongside their new countrymen. The following article gives a brief ac And the breathtaking Weizmann Institute tives in South Vietnam. I feel my I"e count of the Indian Queen Tavern, which with its research laboratories and library. sponse is self-explanatory. Mr. Giannetti has bought and is plan And now this great and justly famed in Today I submitted this same letter to ning to restore to its original state. This stitution of learning, the Hebrew University, the Woman's International League for inn has had such famous people as and its coveted Medallion. Peace and Freedom to be read at their George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, And so I pledge I shall never again refer rally held this noon on the steps of the Patrick Henry, and many others, pass to your country as "small." Capitol. I wish to submit it to the RECORD through its doors. now: I am pleased to hear that the Indian FRANK BATTAGLIA The Honorable D. B. Xuan Minh: I regret Queen Tavern will once again stand in that I cannot accept the spirit or substance of its old style and I recommend the follow your recent letter. You speak of "freedom" ing article to all of my colleagues and HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES when your country has been a stage for the world showing kidnapping, imprisonment, others interested in the preservation of OF FLORIDA and torture. The leaders of the opposition the past: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES parties are nowhere visible. Your "democ REBORN TAVERN Tuesday, June 26, 1973 racy'• seems to have no more credibility (By Rosemary Donihi) than its paper claims of civil rights and lib For a sad some of us girls, once the sleigh Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, it is a little erties for all. ride's started, it's downhill all the way! So hard to comprehend that within a few Can you dispute that in January 1973, it seemed for the "Indian Queen" until a tall, 22436 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 dark and adequately handsome young man federal jobseekers, on being routed out of "They're getting," says their father, "the stepped in to save her. Washington, were tented in at the rear of feeling of the plaster and I can tell you that Now the ancient inn popularly called the the tavern. The "general" charged curiosity after you once get your hands into it, it's George Washington House on old Route One seekers one dollar admittance. very hard to ever really get them out." in historic Bladensburg is being readied for The river rose, the army scattered, the a brilliant new future and John Giannetti, stage lines were long halted and the town the architectural sculptor who snatched her and the tavern went into a decline which from imminent demolition by a fast-beef lasted more than a century. In 1940, the PEABODY, KANS., GAZETTE-HER franchiser, finds his off-time divided between Bladensburg population was less than 400 boning up on the anatomy of an authentic persons. The Indian Queen was growing older ALD OBSERVES lOOTH ANN!- restoration and trying to find the money to and apparently infirm. VERSARY pay for it. He didn't offer as much as the Yet John Giannetti admired her from afar. franchiser, but Florence Morgan, whose fam "When I was a little boy and wanted to go ily had owned the tavern for 27 years, ac bicycling, my mother told me to notice the HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER cepted his bid anyway. Giannetti is instiga tavern-that George Washington, the father OF KANSAS tor, author and now chairman of the Prince of our country, had stopped there. So I'd go IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Georges Jaycees' Indian Queen Tavern Proj out of my way just to look at it. I'd think ect to make it a county historical museum. about how it used to be and that I'd do Thursday, June 28, 1973 The Indian Queen was not just another something about fixing it up if I ever got the hostelry and John Giannetti is not just an chance." Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, the other likely young man. He is the descendant When Giannetti was elected president of weekly newspaper in America is a unique of generations of Florentine craftsmen the Prince Georges Jaycees for 1971-72, he and important institution serving com whose regard for tradition is bred in the seized the opportunity. "I decided I would munities, large and small. One of the bone. if I could, make the Indian Queen Tavern outstanding weekly newspapers in Kan "In our business, we use the same kinds my project; developers wanted to demolish sas is the Peabody, Kans., Gazette of tools, the same materials, the same fixi her to make way for a roast beef sandwich Herald which is published by Mr. and tives that my father's father and his fore shop. I wanted us to buy it and fix it up Mrs. W. V. Krause. fathers used two, three or more hundreds and make it a kind of present to the county. of years ago." (A friend insists that the I also wanted the people to know the accu The Gazette-Herald has just observed weathered legend "Giannetti" is etched just rate story about the Battle of Bladensburg its lOOth birthday, and it is a privilege beneath the magic name of Michelangelo on which some people like to call the 'Bladens for me to take note of this anniversary a statue in Florence.) burg Races.' A lot of brave men died that and to congratuiate the editors and the As for the Indian Queen, she's what re day. I determined that while I was in office paper for their long record of community mains of the Favorite of the Famous; she I would see what I could do.'' service. was the finest tavern in town in what was The second generation American, who at Bill Krause is one of the outstanding then the second biggest, boomingest com tributes his passion for American history to mercial center on the whole Eastern sea the dual influences of Verne E. Chatelain, editorial writers of Kansas. He provides board. history professor emeritus at the University his readers with a candid, humorous, Annapolis was the political capital of the of Maryland (from which Giannetti grad and intelligent approach to local, State, Maryland province and Upper Marlborough uated on a football scholarship) and a for and national issues. At the same time the with its fine legitimate theater, race track mer Marine Corps C.O. who required that news columns of the paper provide a and polite society was the social and cultural his young officers read and report history, did wide range of information which is help center but Bladensburg, at the time of the very well. ful to all who subscribe. American Revolution, handled in its 40-foot After a year of ways and means meetings, harbor a larger ocean tonnage than any his fellow Jaycees voted the night before Under the leave to extend my remarks other port in the colonies with the sole ex Giannetti went out of office, to buy the tav in the RECORD, I include the following ·ception of Yorktown, Va. Great English and ern, make him chairman of the Indian Queen editorial from the lOOth anniversary Scotch factors maintained their own local Tavern Project and also president of the issue of the Gazette-Herald: representatives; shipyards and "rope walks" greater Prince Georges County Council of HAPPY BmTHDAY TO Us clustered dockside. Jaycees. It's working fine. Giannetti is widely The Indian Queen, established c. 1760 (the attending preservation meetings, giving This week the Gazette-Herald is celebrat 1732 on her chimney is suspect) by an im ing its 100th Anniversary. What can you say speeches, encouraging other groups to enter on such an important occasion. migrant Swiss hotelier, and set advantage in~o the project which the Jaycees envisions ously just up from the town's Publik Land as a museum to house memorabilia of his People who live to be 100 are supposed to ing where ·a monumental Peace Cross now tory-rich Prince Georges County and also have some words of wisdom for the young stands, was smack-dab on the main north folks on how to live a long life and enjoy as a meeting place of their own. it. Not too many newspapers care to get south post road from Alexandria to Balti Architects are drawing plans, archeologists more and Philadelphia. The Inn, more spa advice on how to grow old gracefully from from the University of Maryland are sifting other newspapers, however. cious than most in the period, became as the through shard and volunteers, old and young stage lines flourished the Bladensburg coach are variously banding together to raise Actually, the Gazette-Herald has prob ing house and relay station of distinction. money for the restoration. Special bene ably never been younger than it is today. In 1774 George Washington, Patrick Henry factors have been the Southern Maryland As we begin our second century, the old and other delegates found lodgings here en Antique Arts Association and the Topping Gazette-Herald is in fine fettle, thank you, route to the first Continental Congress, and Castle Chapter, DAR. and raring to keep right on going for at least Washington stopped again in 1790 "breaking Vandals last spring broke all remnants another 100 years. the journey that was to end in agreement of the inn's old glass but the original plaster The Gazette-Herald has published about on a. National Capital." Thomas Jefferson, construction is so sturdy that a fire last 5200 issues-actually quite a few more, since Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and John C. spring was contained within the rooms where once there were two papers instead of only Calhoun were other ranking guests. it was started. Architects report it is still one. It has printed about one-hundred mil As the Anacostia River silted in, the great structurally "sound.'' lion words of news and information about days of Bladensburg shipping ended but the Truth to tell, the Indian Queen looks every Peabody and the surrounding area.. We have important people kept coming to the now one of her checkered years. Her steps are sag recorded thousands of births and deaths, rather raffish town on the outskirts of the ging, some portions of her faithful plaster marriages and engagements, businesses start new Federal City. They utilized its slave finally are falling; a shiny grass-green Vic ing and dying, people coming, going, collid market, its race track, its dueling ground torian "mantle" masking the fireplace in her ing, helping each other, fighting with each and its foremost inn. right public room is a horror and her front other. The Gazette-Herald has recorded cele After the Battle of Yorktown, Rochambeau porch is plumb stove in. But the best cham brations and disasters, floods and train and his men, en route to Boston, had tarried ber upstairs where Washington bedded, still wrecks. Put all of the information of that two days to enjoy the pleasures of Bladens boasts its own fireplace and at dusk, in the 100 years in book form and it would fill a burg. In the War of 1812, British troops, shadows, the ghosts of Washington and Pa very large library. caught in the Battle of Bladensburg, en trick Henry and Thomas Jefferson are imag We sort of kept this anniversary a bit of route to fire the White House, found it com inable in her halls. She is expected to be re a secret until this week. We were afraid that fortable to set up gun emplacements almost stored to her blooming best by bi-centennial someone would get up a testimonial dinner immediately behind the Indian Queen. time. for the publisher and embarrass him, or Naval hero, Stephen Decatur, came there As for the Giannettis-the next generation maybe folks would be hauling in cakes cov to rest the night before he arose to be run of cratfsmen is rallying 'round. For the last ered with rich frosting and candles, or through at the next day's dawning by Com several Saturdays, John's two sons, John Jr., maybe Jack Whisler would even organize modore James Barron on what the natives 8, and Gregory, 4, have come to the studio a parade in our honor. Not feeling deserving called "the dark and bloody ground." to work with their father, their uncle, and of such notice, we just quietly got this edi In 1894, Jacob Coxey's dusty "army" of 76-year-old Gregory, their grandfather. tion ready and here it is. Ju,ne 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22437 Seriously, it has been something of a perfect, but it is the best in the world-and of Management and Budget-OMB pleasure to serve tne community in pub it is subject to prosecution under the law. hold such powers that appointees to the lishing this newspaper for nearly a fifth of We think the news media is doing a good job. posts should receive the scrutiny of the the years of its existence. If the Lord wills Let it report! Let us decide! it, and the federal government doesn't suc We wonder, also, about your past glowing legislative branch. ceed in their efforts to run us out of busi promises to the elderly, in view of your reluc The bill that was passed, however, in ness, we'll be here for a few more years. tance to sign the recent Social Security cluded a provision that the two men Wonder what Messrs. Church and Morgan legislation into law. And, why was much .presently holding those offices would also would think if they could see us today. Hope favorable legislation to help the needy elderly be required to be confirmed by the Sen they would be proud. vetoed at the close of the 92nd Congress? ate. That legislation was retroactive and Remember that it is the needy elderly we are concerned about. The elderly don't want therefore invited a veto. charity but yearn to continue being a useful, In the aftermath of this action, I viable part of every day life rather than being joined a number of other Congressmen AN OPEN LETTER TO PRESIDENT considered discards of society. Their talents in introducing legislation requiring fu NIXON and usefullness should be encouraged and ture appointees to those positions to be exploited since most of this fast-growing approved by the Senate. That bill, we segment of our population do not fall into felt, cured the defects many Members HON. BELLA S. ABZUG the category of the senile, the handicapped or saw in the plan vetoed by the President OF NEW YORK the sick. We wonder, Mr. President, about how you 'while providing for approval by the leg IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will be remembered when your term of office islative branch. Thursday, June 28, 1973 -is ended. Will you be remembered as a An editorial in the June 22, 1973 She mediocre president that provided well for boygan, Wis., Press offers an excellent Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, I have just himself, his friends and certain special inter discussion of why this legislation is received a copy of a most moving open est groups? Will you wind up being despised? needed. The editorial follows: letter from the California Association of Or, will you be remembered as being an Retired Persons, to President Nixon. Al understanding, beloved president that APPROVING OMB DIRECTOR though it was written in February, it has worked to overcome man's inhumanity to Apparently cooler heads are prevailing in proved to be prophetic. At the White man; who helped to overcome the evils of Congress relative to the matter of senatorial greed that only sickens and frustrates the confirmation of the director of the Office of House it received as little attention as country? Please expand good, peaceful rela Management and Budget (OMB). the needs of older people usually receive tionships with all countries of the world. . A new blll to replace one President Nixon from this administration. But it is worth Help enact meaningful, fair tax equalization vetoed is under consideration. This bill would sharing, in the hope that senior groups laws, and push for laws that will put teeth simply require that in the future the man everywhere will continue to speak out as in consumer protection. And, of course, there appointed by a president to direct OMB be as strongly as this concerned organiza is. the matter of national health, etc. approved by the Senate. tion: And wouldn't it be wonderful if you would The earlier measure was more of an at PALM SPRINGS, CALIF. work to eliminate the crushing agony and tempt at skulduggery. It abolished the office AN OPEN LETTER TO PRESIDENT NIXON fear everyone faces worrying about security and created a new, very similar post. The re during their declining years? That is so very sult would have been that the present di The membership of our California Associa important to all but the wealthy. Help pass rector, Roy Ash, would have been required tion of Retired Persons feels that it is repre laws that would assure that all needy elderly to appear before the Senate for questioning. sentative of the vast majority of Senior Citi over sixty-five years old could live out their The procedure would have been unprece zens that helped put you in office and backed lives above, repeat above, the ever-changing dented. Mr. Ash was legally appointed and the policies of your Administration. We, un poverty level with some measure of dignity properly held his position. The attempt by questionably, gave you credit for having some and honor regardless of the emergent situa Congress appeared to be more a show of mus inner knowledge or power that was always tion they encounter. How great such legisla cle than profoundly' considered legislation. working to make everything right for the tion would be for the future elderly. What The new measure, though, is proper and best interests of the general public. Now, frustrations it would help dispel. Surely, after desirable. It will not become effective until since your election, we are beginning to have 65 years of pontributing to society they the end of Mr. Ash's tenure. Thereafter all second thoughts and wonder about a lot of deserve no less-if they need it!! After all, directors of OMB will be required to earn things. the cost would be negligible compared to Senate approval. We have weathered the shame of being a fighting wars, defense costs or even special The position is of equal importance to part of the awesome, inhumane Christmas interest legislation enacted into law. many cabinet posts. The man who drafts the bombing of Vietnam that only served to de Finally, Mr. President, may God grant that national budget has influence, for example, grade our Natiqn further in the eyes of the our growing concern about the course of your on decisions of the secretary of defense. He world. We rejoiced· in your visit to China and leadership is groundless and that your future Russia and, particularly, in your peace treaty is in a position to intervene with the presi goals are in keeping with your pos~tion of dent if in his judgment the defense budget that now appears to be mostly meaningless. trust. Your great powers can work wonders is out of line, as he is with other specified Why? On the one hand, we court the Com for your people. Use it well. You still have budgetary matters. munists, on the other hand, we say we are our trust-but we'll be watching with hope It was not proper for Congress to change still fighting them. Give us both sides of the and concern. Keep us advised. story, Mr. President. What real justification the rules in midterm of a president nor dur is there now in continuing to fight on and Presented as a unanimous expression of ing the tenure of an OMB director. It is de on? France suffered no humiliation in com concern by the board of directors of the sirable though that in the future men of California Association of Retired Persons and such power and influence be approved by the pletely pulling out of Indo-China, and w~nt on to greater heights in the eyes of the world by its membership at an open, regular meet Senate. than ever before. Surely we could do no less ing held in Palm Springs, California, Feb than follow their commendable example. Why ruary 1, 1973. stay on? Attest: TRIBUTE TO MR. 0. HENRY, JR. We ask you to stop being a "Phantom MAYBELLE BIRCH, President" and hold formal or informal news Secretary. conferences to answer pertinent questions CHARLES D. VINSON, HON. THOMAS M. REES and better justify issues of major concern. · President. Surely you have nothing to hide! And isn't OF CALIFORNIA that a part of the job of being a good leader? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Or don't you believe that the public has the APPROVING OMB DIRECTOR Thursday, June 28, 1973 intelligence to properly evaluate and inter pret the news and issues involving its in Mi·. REES. Mr. Speaker,"July 10 marks terests? Why not work more closely with the ., HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER the retirement dinner of one of the Congress and the public on major issues OF WISCONSIN San Fernando Valley's most distinguished rather than act solely in consultation with a few of your close associates? "IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES citizens and eivic-minded business lead ers, Mr. 0. Henry, Jr. We wonder, Sir, why you are permitting Thursday, June 28, 1973 the slow but obvious erosion of the rights of For three decades, Mr. Henry, vice the news media to investigate and report the Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. president and manager of Western Fed news of interest to the public. We like Speaker; Congress on May 1 showed over eral Savings & Loan, has demonstrated various interpretations of what is going on. whelmingly that it feels the positions of his dedication to his community through is Like all industry, the news media far from· director p,nd deputy· director of the Office ~ctive participation in a number of or- 22438 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 .ganizations. These include the North Hol one or more additional devaluations of U.S. son has just reported to the President, cuts lywood Realty Board, where Mr. Henry currency. across all other problelllS--fiecurity, the served as vice president, and the Cali The shortage problem will impose a disci dollar, trade, everything. We need a sophisti fornia Real Estate Board, with Mr. Henry pline in the use of energy that will test the cated P<>llcy that will enforce conservation American character. As a poople, we will need and deal with new Ar&~b ambitions. without serving as State director from 1946 to to pursue the kind of conservation of petro ma.lting Israel a scapeg()at. There probably is 1952. He has been a leader in the area leum products and electrical energy that has no knottier dilemma on the horizon, but in chambers of commerce of Toluca Lake, been demanded of us heretofore only in war.:. Watergated Washington it's not getting the North Hollywood, and Panorama City, time. attention it needs. with service as president or director of We will be forced to give up the "gas-guz each. zlers" that the automotive industry bas pro duced for an all too eager public, relying in For 62 years, Mr. Henry has been a stead on small cars of a more economical de vigorous member of the Boy Scouts of sign. Detroit's half-hearted steps along these THE PRESIDENT MUST MEET THE America, including a term from 1945 to lines, prodded by imports, should be hastened PRESS AND THE NATION 1970 as National Boy Scout Council rep by punitive tax penalties on the high-horse Tesentative. A Mason and a Shriner, he power monsters that produce only 6 to 9 miles HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON has also been deeply involved in .the to the gallon. Toluca Lake Rotary Club, the North Hol In the last couple of days, both William J. OF MASSACHUSETTS Casey, under secretary of state for economic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lywood Optimist Club. the YMCA, Red affairs, and Sen. Jacob Javits (R-N.Y.) have Cross, Cancer, and United Way drives. made speeches urging the Western consuming Thursday, June 28, 1973 Recently, Mr. Henry was elected presi countries to coordinate their energy policies. Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, it dent of Associated Brokers, and in 1968 Casey tol~ the Center for the Study of the Presidency that "we favor participation by all has become incFeasingly evident that the received a Meritorious Service Award response of the White House to the series from the city of Los Angeles for outstand parties in some sort of emergency-sharing scheme based on oil imports carried over in of charges being leveled against the ing citizenship and activities enhancing ternational waters." President will continue to be silence. The community betterment. It is an under It's easier said than done. Merely pooling President has not appeared to answer statement to say that the citizens of the imported supplies is hardly likely to appeal any questions, by either the press or the San Fernando Valley and all of Los An to other nations who depend almost wholly Congress, since the present round of geles have certainly benefited a great or entirely on imports. A true sharing of Watergate disclosures began several deal from the dedication of Mr. 0. Henry. the problem would also throw into the pot American oil (which still accounts for most months ago. The White House has argued of what we use), assuming that we follow that for the President to do so would much stricter conservation rules. be "constitutionally inappropriate." In The difficulty in getting any deal may be light of the serious accusations made this THE ENERGY CRISIS: WHO'S IN seen from a simple fact that is currently CHARGE? week by Mr. John W. Dean, the Presi embarrassing the Common Market: be-· dent can no longer duck behind his con cause of a French veto opposing the other eight EEC nations, Commission Vice Presi stitutional interpretations, for his own HON. SAM GIBBONS dent Henri Simonet was not even allowed good and the good of the Nation. OF FLORIDA to discuss common energy problems on a Two respected columnists, David recent official visit here. The excuse: the EEC Broder and James Reston, have written IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has not yet worked out its own joint ap articles this week stressing the necessity Thursday, June 28, 1973 proach to energy. for an immediate President news confer Clearly, the nexus of the American prob ence. I am inserting both articles in the · Mr. GmBONS. Mr. Speaker, I would lem is the relationship to the handful of like to share with my colleagues this ex Arab countries in the Mideast who own 70 RECORD, with the hope that their logic cellent article by Hobart Rowen in the per cent of the world's oil reserves. The will be understood by White House Washington Post of June 28, 1973, which President's International Economic Report spokesmen who find it "appropriate" to points out the great need for some kind in March 1973 observed that the oil-produc keep the American people in the dark. of policymaker in the field of energy. His ing countries "are no longer content merely The text of the articles follows: article deals with a problem to which I with rising revenues from petroleum re {From the Boston Sunday Globe, sources developed and managed by foreign June 24, 1973) have addressed my bill, House Resolution ers." 439, a resolution to establish a standing The White House thus has correctly iden NIXON HAs Losr ExcusEs To SNUB PREss House Committee on Energy, which tified the problem, but so :far has failed to· (By DavidS. Broder) would be responsible for developing .and evolve a policy, national and international, WASHINGTON.-There is no constitutional maintaining a coordinated energy policy to deal with it. or legal requirement that a President of the for the United States. The following is Treasury Secretary George Shultz, .for ex United States ever hold a press conference, Mr. Rowen's article: ample, who keeps emphasizing to every pos but there is now an overriding necessity for sible audience the gravity of the energy Mr. Nixon to meet with reporters. Hls ability THE ENERGY CRISIS: WHO'S "IN CHARGE? problem, nonetheless in a recent speech de to function as head of government and, in ' (By Hobart Rowen) bunked the "spectre" of "billions of short some senses his r~ght to hold the office, Officials llere keep talking about the energy term oil dollars sloshing about in the mar depend directly on his will.ingness oo accept crisis, but it's hard to find out who's making ket" as the Arab nations rake in money for this responsibility. policy-if anybody-and what's being done oil. He may be right for the wrong reason. The President has n,ot held a press confer about it. The Arab nations, Shultz assured the In ence since March 15. The enormity of the So far as [ can tell, no one in auth<>rity ternational Monetary Conference in Paris, changes in his world and ours since then is has yet faced, in a comprehensive way, any of w<>uld have an overriding interest 1n indicated by the fact that the first question at least three serious consequences of the "stable, secure and profitable investment op he was asked that day concerned his allow crisis: portunities." ing John W. Dean 3d to testify in the hear There will be some shortages of gasoline But that's a big assump-tion. Sheikh Zaki ings on L. Patrick Gray's nomination to this summer and, perhaps, some pinch on the Yamani, petroleum minister of Saudi Arabia be director of the FBI. supply of home heating o11 by next winter. (which alone has 25 per cent of the world's "Mr. Dean is counsel to the White House," But within a year or 18 months, we could be oil reserves), recently told Washington Post Mr. Nixon replied. "I am not going to have confronted with coupon-rationing. reporters that his country might keep its the counsel to the President testify :• The only possible way of coping with the oil in the ground, .rather than expand pro WeU. nelther of those statements is "op short and medium-term shortage prospect duction to meet U.S. needs, unless the erative" any longer, but they still constitute (the next 5 to 10 years) is by 'SOme coopera United States modifies its stance in support the President's last word on the subject. In tive arrangement with the other big countries of Israel in the Mideast. the interim since his last press conference, in Europe and Asia who are also dependent on The Arab countries.., 1n any event know Brezhnev and Connally have both come and the Mideast for oil. ing that their resources, while precious, are gone, Phase 3 has been terminated and a The dependence of the United States and also finite, want Western help in building up prlce freeze reimposed. and a second Indo_ the other countries on Mideast oil will pile up their own economies rather than depreciated china cease-fire has been signed and vio enormous wealth in the hands of a few Arab paper money, in exchange for the oU. The lated. Kr. Nixon has not been asked about sheikhs, even if they decide, as a matter of importance of what Sheikh Yamanl says is his feelings on the prospective return of sell-interest, to restrict tbeir production. And that the Arabs want to develop their pro baseball to the capital--e. subject on which, as the United States is forced to shell out ductive potential, rather than live o1f divi one f~ls sure, }1.e has stnm,g views. . more dollars for off-shore oil, the balance of dends from foreign investment. . So long an interval between press confer payments deficit will grow, possibly forcing Thus, the energy question, as Peter Peter- ences is, unfortunately, not unprecedented June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS. 22439
for Mr. Nixon, who has the ·habit of with it calls to the witness stand immediately If the President is so sure that he is in drawing when things are not going well. In after it finishes with John Dean-can be ot nocent, that he is being misrepresented by 1970, when the economy went into a tail critical importance to the opinion of the John Dean, and vilified by a hostile press and spin, he went almost six months without nation and the reputation of the President. television, he has an obvious remedy. He can accepting questions. Mr. Dean has made more serious charges come forward himself and offer voluntarily "President Nixon has all but killed off the against Mr. Nixon than any official has to give a deposition to the Watergate special press conference," Courtney R. Sheldon, the brought against any President in this cen prosecutor. Or if he is really sure of his case respected Washington Bureau chief of the tury. Anticipating this, the White House has and concerned about the reaction of the Christian Science Monitor, said the other been urging that the Senate committee now television audience, and wants to be bold day. ''His record is abysmal compared to call witnesses who are in a position to chal and command public opinion, he can vol that of every modern-day President," said lenge Mr. Dean's testimony-and call them unteer to be the next witness himself before Shelton, the chairman of the Freedom of before the July Fourth recess-rather than the Ervin committee and the American Information Committee of the professional summoning other witnesses who are likely to people. journalism fraternity, Sigma Delta Chi. follow Dean with confirmation of his charges. The chances are that he will do none CY! What makes the present lapse far more This is a reasonable request. Without pass these things. But even so the calling of the damaging than the previous ones is that ing judgment on Mr. Dean's recollection of next witness is important. now the President's credibility has become the events, and without trying to discredit John Dean has not knocked the President an overriding national concern. his testimony or impugn his character-as out, but he has hurt him badly. He has talked Mr. Nixon has gone to the country twice on the White House has been doing for days for hundreds of pages, and incriminated the television since his last press conference and weeks-the fact is that the selection of President and many of the President's closest once to explain his role in the Watergate witnesses and the timing of their appear associates before one of the largest audiences case, on the night that four of his senior ance before the national television audience in the history of television. aides resigned, and once to explain his new can make a great deal of difference. Accordingly, whatever the President does economic policy. In neither case was he con For example, if the Ervin committee were or refuses to do, the fair thing is to main vincing. Rather than rallying public support to call another witness after Mr. Dean who tain some kind of continuity in the search for himself and his policies, the stock market also incriminated President Nixon in cover for the facts. And this surely means calling averages and the polls show a picture of de ing up the scandals and obstructing justice, Ehrlichman and Haldeman as soon as pes. clining confidence. or. even if it didn't call any other witness sible to answer Dean's charges before tbe We have now reached the point that the before the long July Fourth holiday, Mr. July Fourth recess, and before nobody re impairment of the President's credibility Dean's testimony would tend to dominate members anything except what Dean had to must be dealt with before any of the other public opinion well into July, by which time say incriminating the President. serious issues facing the country can be ad the vacation season would be on us and the dressed. Either he must answer the multi rebuttals heard by a smaller audience. tude of questions about what happened in Mr. Dean has been an effective witness. He his Administration and his re-election cam makes one wonder how such an intelligent CONGRESSMAN HOSMER'S STATE paign or he ought, in respect for his office and composed young man could have been s-o MENT TO SENATE ARMED SERV and the national interest, to acknowledge stupid, timid or weak during the cover-up. that he cannot answer them and step aside But in the Senate box, he has had total con ICES COMMITTEE RELATING TO in favor of the Vice President. trol of his brief, he has put down a founda PLACING OF CERTAIN NAVAL NU The overriding national interest in his tion for his case that is an explosive mine CLEAR SURFACE VESSELS IN scheduling such a press conference now field for the President, and he has been HARM'S WAY -without any further delay-is evident to responsive to the questions of the Senators. every politician, including the staunchest By a torrent of details and almost total Administration loyalists in the GOP. Senate recall of meetings and dates-without keep HON. CRAIG HOSMER minority whip Bob Griffin and Virginia Gov. ing either a diary or even a calendar, he · OF CALIFORNIA Linwood Holton have said publicly what said-he led the doubts of the television IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES everyone knows: Only the President can clear audience right to the President's door, and the paralyzing national doubt, and the way was even bold enough to plead that the Thursday, June 28, 1973 for him to do it is not through artful 4000- President should be "forgiven"-a startling word lawyers' briefs, but by answering ques word Mr. Nixon denied to those who had Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, there fol- tions until there are no more questions left defied his policy on Vietnam. . lows my testimony given this day to the to answer. No. wonder then that the Presiden't's law Senate Committee on Armed Services, Mr. Nixon's stated doctrine has been that yers want his testimony to be followed by together with an imaginary scenario he would hold a news conference when it witnesses like John Ehrlichman or Bob timed in the year 1978 conceived to was "useful" to the country. Today it is not Haldeman, whom Mr. Dean has incriminated, dramatize the point made in the testi only useful but urgently required. He has so that Dean's story can be challenged. mony: run out of excuses to avoid his duty; for Still, there is a flaw in the White House LONG BEACH BASE CLOSURE the moment, the· big international policy argument, reasonable as it is. The White decisions are behind him. House, in order to get a fair hearing, does (Statement before the Subcommittee on The only current White House alibi for de not have to rely on the good judgment of Military Construction Authorization of laying a press conference is the supposed fear the Senate committee, and nobody has yet the Senate Armed Services Committee by that reporters' frustration with incessant Ad questioned the good faith of Senator Sam Congressman CRAIG HosMER, June 28, 1973) ministration runarounds would be expressed Ervin. Mr. Chairman, I thank you for this oppor- in personal hostility to the President. The President is not exactly an innocent tunity to appear before you. I am here on That is nonsense. The appropriate com bystander in this controversy, and he is not behalf of the citizens of California I am hon ment came from Dwight D. Eisenhower, who without power. He doesn't have to leave the ored to represent. I believe you may also was asked at his last press conference in of important question of the next witness and agree that I appear on behalf of the national flee if he felt that "the reporters had been the doubts of the American people to the security interests of our country. fair to you in their questions" over the years. Senate committee. He can command the stage Now as to the base closures: obviously "Well, when you come down to it," Eisen and overwhelm the committee anytime he they had to follow the recent major reduc hower shot back, "I don't see that a reporter likes. tions in fleet units. I am not here to argue could do much to a President, do you?" He knows all the options. The press is out about them. · Eisenhower said that at the close of his side his gate at San Clemente, watching Mr. Even though the closures struck with ma 193d press conference. So far, Mr. Nixon has Dean on TV cutting him up and being told jor impact in my own Congressional District, the President will have nothing to say. He I am not making a plea to keep the Long found time to meet with reporters 31 times. Beach Naval Station open or to rescind the To come close to matching Eisenhower's can call a press conference and command the headlines before the next witness. closure of the Long Beach Naval Base or eight-year total, Mr. Nixon would have to change the planned reduction or-elimination schedule a press conference almost every He has told several stories about the es of shoreside facilities at Long Beach, else week from now on. His willingness to do that pionage and the sabotage and the cover-up, where in California or wherever in the ought to be accepted as a condition of his all of which have now been denied by John nation. Dean and others who have questioned his remaining in office. No. 32 should be this This is not because I believe each and week, and No. 33 next week. The obligation control of his staff, his judgment and even, is clear. by inference, his integrity. every one of these plans constitutes the es sence of infall1bility. It is simply because, This is not the sort of thing that can go from what happened last week when the East WHO AFTER MR. DEAN? out over national television and be dealt with Coast people were before this Committee, I effectively by silence, or by picking the next (By James Reston) know I would be beating my head against a witness before the Senate committee. Espe wall. WASHINGTON, June 26.-How the Senate cially by an Administration that has paid so Watergate committee handles its investiga The civilian heads of the Navy Depart much attention to public relations and pub ment seem to have taken an oath in blood tion in the comi.ng days-particularly who lic opinion. to keep their closure package intact for fear 22440 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973
even the slightest change to correct even the we convinced our potential enemies we are no to the attention of my colleagues, not most glaring defeat in it will cause the longer competent to defend ourselves? only the newsletter which I am submit scheme to collapse like a house of cards. Will we be so weakened by our own stra So be it. Their strategy with the Congress tegic and tactical blunders that we no longer ting, but the overall problem we face is their business. pose a credible deterrent retaliatory threat? due to our historical lack of planning to But the consequences of what they do with Mr. Chairman, I hope you will and that Mr. prepare for this challenge. United States Naval Ships is the public's Warner and Mr. Sanders will review the 4 During these past several days, we business. U, by their actions, they place any July 1978 scenario or self-defeat that is at have approved substantial funding for of those ships in harm's way, then these peo tached. Its clear message is that moving development of new energy sources. I ple ought to order those ships back to safe these ships to San Diego is a maJor blunder. spoke about some of those efforts yester havens. U they do not, then this Committee It is a needless defect ancillary to the closure should require them to do so. package that should be eliminated right now, day in support of our Interior appropria With that in mind I will now speak specif before it does irreparable damage. tions legislation. ically about the U.S.S. Truxton, U.S.S. Long Lest you believe my testimony today is Following is the text of my energy Beach and U.S.S. Bainbridge. The total cost based on parochial considerations let me de message to my constituents. I believe it of these three ships exceeds half-a-billion scribe my credentials. I wore the Naval uni is imperative that the facts of the energy dollars. form on December 1941. The lesson of Pearl situation be brought to the attention of Since early in their careers these three nu Harbor I learned I shall never forget. every legislative body and every opinion clear powered surface ships have been home Since that time I have been a constant ported in Long Beach, California, where they student of naval affairs. I won second honor molding force in this country. have gotten along very well, indeed. From able mention in this year's Naval Institute ENERGY-WHAT Is HAPPENING? their base at Long Beach they have been able Prize Essay Contest which I entered anony The " ene~gy crisis", predicted for a decade, to conduct their crew training in excellent mously. The essay is to be published in the has suddenly stunned the nation: fashion. They have Nl\oval housing for their Institute's August proceedings. Its ultimate Entire neighborhoods on the East Coast sailors and uncrowded schools for depend point is that in periods of low international have been "blacked out" by electricity fail ents' children. They have the finest medical threat and uncertain Congressional support ures in summer and frozen by heating oil support. They have had and they can con for defense expenditures, vast damage can be shortages in winter, tinue to have all of these things at Long done to the nation's defenses. In California, farmers are urged to produce Beach for the indefinite future-without That is exactly the situation here. That is more food and fiber, while their supply of change in Secretary Warner's and Under Sec why I warn so unequivocally that these gasoline and diesel fuel is cut, retary Sanders' base closure package, and splendid ships must not needlessly be placed Gas rationing is discussed for Los Angeles, without sacrificing any significant dollar in harm's way. and prices soar as stations go on restricted savings they claim to be making. schedules, [Item from Pravda for July 4, 1978] Moreover, they can have all these things Natural gas is restricted for industrial uses at Long Beach while at the same time having How WE DEFEATED THE AMER1CANS-U.S. NAVY to eke out the supplies for high priority these incredibly valuable ships kept where FORGOT PEARL HARBOR SAYS ADMmAL PRIBI domestic needs. they have almost instant access to the safety LOFF Is there an answer that we can live with? of the open seas in the event of surprise at LENINGRAD (Tass) .-Admiral Serge Pribi I think so, but it's going to be tough on some tack, attempted sabotage or earthquakes or loff, Chief of Soviet Naval Operations, re of our indulgent habits. tidal waves or fallen bridges or other hazards. vealed today that "America's failure to re First, let's call the situation an "energy Logistics support available at Long Beach member the lessons of Pearl Harbor" set the challenge" rather than a crisis. Our course Naval Shipyard, which remains open and is stage for United States defeat and surrender of action must be directed toward marshal-· being expanded by almost %, will be in the recent war. ling our technology and our resources to meet more than adequate to support Truxton, Pribiloff recalled that Kremlin strategists the challenge rather than waiting and hop Long Beach and Bainbridge. In fact, it will became convinced of "American naval in ing for the "crisis" to pass. It's a challenge be inherently adequate to handle many more credulity" when U.S. Pacific Fleet forces were to us now; it will be a real crisis when the ships that could also be left homeported at crowded into San Diego Bay and a few similar lights go off! Long Beach as a free bonus instead of being landlocked ports during defense cutbacks or Jam.med into San Diego Bay. dered in 1973. HOW DID IT HAPPEN? It will cost next to nothing to leave these "From that moment we could confidently We are doubling our national demand for ships at Long Beach. The expense of shift plan victory, secure in the knowledge that energy every sixteen years. At the same time, ing them to San Diego will be saved. The even Aiherica's deadly nuclear surface ships we are discouraging the development of new front end costs of moving these ships to were no longer immune from surprise attack supplies and new sources of energy. San Diego have as yet not been disclosed and destruction, • Today everything we do is mechanized. We for public scrutiny. They have to be phe "Dropping the bay bridges at San Diego have electric hairbrushes and tooth nomenal, and I doubt that the Navy or Fed and San Francisco to immobilize the fleet brushes •.. electric shoe-shiners and carv eral Government for that matter has ade became the key element of the war plan ing knives. We have air conditioners in our quately taken that into account. which forged our victory in the six-day war," homes and our cars. With more leisure time, Although some argument is made that the he said. we are using more energy to travel and to ships cannot train at Long Beach, the fact is Pribiloff spoke at the commencement of enjoy ourselves than ever before. that they have trained there for years and War Crime trials of the American aggressors. Put another way, we are suddenly consum trained there well. This cannot be denied "Obviously we are not bringing to trial the ing a. far greater percentage of our energy and it is a situation unaffected by the base foolish American naval authorities whose supplies in non-productive, leisure and com closures. penury and short memories made our glorious fort-oriented uses. Since 1960 the trend to Insofar as command and control is con victory possible," Pribiloff laughed. greater efficiency in energy used per dollar cerned, that is not exercised in a harbor~ of gross national product has reversed but at sea and any time you help rather sharply. than hinder a ship equipped with the Navy THE ENERGY CHALLENGE IS On the other hand, our monumental and Tactical Data System, as these are, to get UPON US highly justified concern over the environ quickly and safely to sea, you rack up a plus ment ~as severely strapped our search for for command and control. energy supplies. Despite all this the closure package need HON. VICTOR V. VEYSEY Our environmental push has sharply lessly sends Long Beach, Truxton and Bain OF CALIFORNIA curbed such sources of energy as o:ff-shore bridge, whose replacement costs total at least IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oil deposits and surface coal supplies, while $1 million, to homeport in San Diego. The it has stymied efforts to develop new sources Thursday~ June 28, 1973 situation would be laughable if it were not such a.s nuclear and geothermal energy. so deadly dangerous. At San Diego these Mr. VEYSEY. Mr. Speaker, this week Changes in life style have caused us to ships would lie jam packed 4~ miles in I am sending to my congressional dis use more fuel for larger cars, automatic side the Bay behind a bridge which cannot transmissions, smog control devices, and air trict, an accounting of the energy situa conditioning. easily be navigated at higher tides and which tion-the "energy challenge" as I prefer would trap and immobilize them if it is In aggregate we have increased our use dropped by earthquake, sabotage or enemy to refer to it. I rise at this time to bring of energy, shifted the load to oil and gas, attack. • NoTE: This reference 1s to the former and have not developed other sources. This Must we learn the lessons of Pearl Harbor u.s.s. Truxton, Long Beach and Bainbridge leaves us overly dependent on an uncer once again? which previously had been homeported at tain foreign oil and gas supply and facing Will we so ineptly deploy our forces and Long Beach where immediate escape to open the likelihood of a trade deficit for some so totally ignore the value of! dispersal that seas was possible. years to come. June 29, 1.973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2244f
WHAT CAN WE DO? My statement follows: newsletters and town meeting notices and With today's technology, and today's con ASSETS for the costs of maintaining three state of fices, including telephones. I have borrowed sumption rate, science estimates that we Item and current value have a 300-year supply of coal underground. $5,000 to cover costs to date and have formed 1. Home at 485 H Street, Salt a committee of three, known as the Owens We need an immediate federal effort to Lake City, Utah ______$29,.025. 00 move us from oil and gas to coal in a way Newsletter and Office Account Committee, 2. Home at 3243 Highland Lane, which will host a fund raising .affa.ir in Sep consistent with environmental concerns. Fairfax, Va______66, 600. 00 The North Slope oil supplles in Alaska tember to pay back the $5,000 I have bor 3. One-eighth interest in old rowed and to pe.y prospective costs for the alone offer many years of petroleum supplies. family home, Panguitch, The Alaska pipeline should be eompleted following 12 months. Utah (owned with seven without further delay to make thi-s supply brothers and sisters)----~ 1, 100. 00 available-. 4. Four shares stock-{Jana.dian At the same time, we must encourage Homestead 011------24. 00 new development of domestic oil and gas 5. 5,000 sha.res stock-{Jameo THE IRISH CRISIS supplies, and remove some of the stringent ~inerals ------400.00 barriers which we have placed on imported 6. 197-3 Ford CaprL------2, 700. 00 oil supplies. Tar -sands and oil shale are 7. 1969 Oldsmobile Vista HON. THOMAS P. ~'NEILL, JR. two abundant but unused sources of oil. Cruiser------1,700.00 Finally, we must set for ourselves, a so 8. Home furnishings and per- OF MASSACHUSETTS phisticated, wen Teasoned long-range course. sonal belongings______4" 000. 00 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Nuclear energy has barely been touched. 9. Library------1,000.00 Thursday, JUne 28, 1973 Yet, it bas the long-term potential to supply 10. Whole life insurance, cash our ma]or needs. value------2,900.05 Mr, O'NEILL. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Fred And geothermal energy (steam or heat 11. Unpaid insurance dividends_ 97.80 Burns O'Brien has compiled a group of from within the ground) may be the most 12. Da.sh value of civil service re- .ma-terials proposing a solution to the important of all to us in Southern Cali tirement ------1_. 586. 58 present situation in Northen1. Ireland fornia. Science estimates that our supplies 13. Notes receivable (Owens of geothermal energy in the 43rd Congres Newsletter 'and office ac- which merits consideration. As a frequent sional District alone could light and heat count committee)------5, 000.00 visitor to the North, and a student of the entire Southwestern United States for 14. Cash in savings and checking the political .and social developments generations. Bein-g relatively pollution-free, account------~------1~ 242. 70 which has created the crisis in Northern geoth~mal has a distinct advantage over Ireland, Mr. O'Brien speaks with con most other energy sources. Total assets______117,376.13 siderable knowledge of the subject. 1 am We must also move to increase the effi ciency of our energy use and to avoid waste. All property is beld in joint tenancy by my placing in the record a collection of Currently more than 80% of the energy wife, Marlene Wessel Owens, and me. This pieces, edited with an introduction by burned in .an automobile blows out of the year's statement attempts to show the in Mr. O'Brien, which outline at least one tailpipe. Pilot lights on gas stoves burn creased. value, since purchase, of our two approach to -resolving the tragic crisis eontinU:Ously. Neon lights advertise all night homes, which last year's statement carried at which has been plaguing Northern Ire long through city streets from coast to coast. acquisition cost. This accounts for virtually land for many years: And a million cars carry a million commu aU of the increase in net worth since last year. .REGIONALISM; A SoLUT.ION 'TO ters to work. every day in Los Angeles, when THE hiSH CRISIS 20,000 buses could do the job. Poorly in LIA'BILl'I'IES sulated buildings and excessive use of glass 1. Mortgage on Home at 485 H (Edited by F'red Burns O'Brien) .add 40~ to beating and cooling loads. street, Salt Lake City, Utah lNTROl>UCTION On another front, recycling offers a real (Prudential Federal Savings, The events in Northeast Ireland over the energy saving bonus to its environmental Salt Lalte City, Utah)------$16_..516.'75 past four years have been particularly tr.agic advantages. For example, it takes thirty 2. Mortgage on Home at 3243 1n Ireland's incessant struggle to attain self times as much energy to produce aluminum Highland Lane, Fairfax, Va. deter.mination for her people. The present cans from scratcll, as it does to produce them (Riggs National Bank, Wash- conflict could best be curtailed with the from recycled aluminum. · ington, D.C.)------36, 063. 74 implementation of a system of government We !ace difficult times in meeting the 3. Unpaid real property tax (Vir- for the entire island that would be conducive enei'fW challenge. And tbe most 1mportant ginia) ------402.00 to the interests of the various Irish com aspect ls our national attitude. Government, 4. Note payable (Tracy Colllns munities that will be vying for power. A industry, environmental groups, .special in Bank) ------5,000.00 system must be created that would cater to terects, and the public in general must co 5. Note payable {New York Life the loyalists that predomillate in the Six ordinate goals and priorities. Only then can Insurance Co.)------1_. 450. 00 Counties known to the world. as Northern we hope to meet tbis challenge in a way 6. Note payable to purchase auto- Ireland as well as the .aspirations of nation compatible with our way of life. mobile (.Riggs National Bank, alists wbo are In them.inority. Washington.. D.C.)------"2, 544. 10 Such a 1;ystem does exist .aDd has been given scrutiny by politicians in the North Total liabilities______61_. 976. 59 who are diversely opposed on most issues. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE Net worth ------55_. 399 . .54 This system i.s based on a federal approach STATEMENT J:NOOM£ similar to that of the United States and it Our joint :ad1'JSted gross income for -the will provide for a gracious .amount of .auton calendar year 1972 -was $9,499.57. Present in omy for tbe four historic .regions of .Ireland.. come is tota.Uy
Mr. McManus. American concern over the ernment at national level, it would not be Since 1926 these three counties have lost North is essential to the Irish people as so possible for the localised majority-the fully one-third of their people, while County many have been historically exiled tO the Unionists-to abuse the· instruments of Leitrim has lost no less than fifty per cent United States. (Today there are approximate power as they have been accustomed to doing of her people. Little as it is, the cessation of ly 25 million people of Irish extraction in the in the past. such aid by the Dublin government would United States.) Also, the American social It should be seen then that what is being mean that much more for, say, the develop conscience and a basic belief in freedom is offered to the northern Unionists, is not a ment of Connacht. In addition, the com welcomed by the Irish nation. The American role of second class citizenship, such as they bination of peace and prosperity in an area and Irish traditions have been parallel and now have in a U.K. context, but rather 'an containing nearly 40 % of the island's popu they have fought the same enemy for the enhanced stature of first class citizenship in lation, could not but be beneficial to the same principles as they both sought freedom a united, but federally administered, Ireland. other areas of the country. In a federal type and national self-determination according to In addition to their enhanced citizenship government administration, it would not the tenets of international law. they would also have control of one of the be a necessity for social services in all prov Mr. Harold Wilson, Opposition Leader of provincial parliaments-Dial Uladh, which inces to be at the same level a,.t the same the British Government has alluded to the would contain some 40 % of the island's pop time. Such is not the case with Federal ad reunification of Ireland in a fifteen point ulation, guaranteeing them a large voice in ministrations in countries like Canada and peace plan; all he lacked was a means of the federal government. At a lower level, the United States, where the benefits and implementation which is provided by re they would have community control of local costs of social services vary from Province gionalism, that guarantees the present services, and at a higher level they would to Province and from State to State. There Province of 1~orthern Ireland a continued have equal representation with other pro is no reason other than that of a bUnkered status within a united Ireland. It is certain vincial parliaments in the Federal Govern mind to conclude as the Fine Gael paper that both the National Coalition now gov ment. does tha,.t the only alternative is British erning Ireland and the Flanna Fail Oppo BRITISH INTERESTS Standards for the whole island. But even sition in the Irish Republic would be amena The extent of British financial subven when it comes to thalt, Fine Gael of all ble to a conducive plan for the reunification tions to the Six County area is a much dis parties should be well aware tha,.t it is the of their country. To date · Regionalism is cussed topic and estimates vary, largely in expressed policy of the EEC to level up the only detailed pJan of government .that relationship to the political prejudices of social services throughout the Community has been offered for the reunification of Ire the reviewer. Most of this transfer of wealth by 1980. So while that part of Ireland out land and is well worth careful deliberation returns again to Britain, since a vast pro side Dail Uladh would initially have a lower as to its merits. It allows rival Northern portion of that area's trade is with the level of social welfare benefits-and costs politicians room for effective compromise and "mainland", as Unionists fondly refer to they could look forward to catching up should be acceptable to both Ireland and Britain. The financial arrangements are within a relatively short period of time. Britain who have an interest. therefore, mutually beneficient. Purchasing EEC INTERESTS In February, 1973, Mr. Frank McManus power and a tied market are assured for It would be reasonable to assume that if spoke before fifty members of Congress at British industry, and Unionists at least, are the North entered the EEC as part of a Fed which time he expressed his overwhelming assured of a British standard of living. eral Ireland, the special protocol negotia desire for a just peace in Ireland. He stated Now, if the social services and similar tions on behalf of the Twenty-Six Counties "There is a future for Ulster. The future will benefits available in the North were extended would be extended to include the remaining be shaped and determined by Ulstermen to cover the new area of administration of Six. The exemptions from Common Market themselves. The future depends on under a nine county Ulster the cost to Britain res·trictions on industrial inducements, tax standing, on co-operation, on co-existence, would only be increased by 20 million pounds free remission of profits and longer transi on the agreement to live and work together a year. When it is considered that conserva tional periods for vulnerable industries, for the good of the whole community. Co tive estimates of current defence costs in would be of considerable benefit to Six operation must be the new name for peace the North are running a,.t a rate of 50 million County industry, and would not be avail in mster. But only a new constitutional ar pounds a year and rising, then the extension able to them within the United Kingdom. rangement, a new political settlement, can of British subvention to Donegal, Cavan and In addition, with two full members, provide the basis for co-operation. Only a Monaghan, in return for a true and lasting Britain and Ireland, pushing for develop change of heart can secure reconciliation." solution to the "Irish problem" can be seen ment funds for the same area, Dail Uladh With this plea for reason in mind, the struc to be a very good proposition for British should be well placed to obtain sufficient ture of "Regionalism" is presented for interests. funds for a. massive building programme for consideration. The query is likely to be put, "Why should the infrastructure. Britain continue to aid any part of Ulster THE FEDERAL SOLUTION Here again, British industry will have once it is no longer an integral part of the much to gain. The vast majority of EEC (By Emmett O'Connell) United Kingdom?" The most immediate re funds spent developing the Dail Uladh area In any proposed new structure of adminis sponse which springs to mind is the fact will be spent on British imports. Without tration for Ireland a high priority must be that Britain created the problem, and the having a prime development region such as given to breaking-out of the strait-jacket financial cost of solving it must remain ln Uladh, lesser amounts of EEC funds would mentality of two-state planning that has large part her responsibility. Further, there end up chasing British goods. existed since partition. The suggested crea would, of course, be a large element of war As it is, the EEC is certain to want the tion of a new provincial parliament-Dial reparations included in such British pay "Irish" problem solved before both Ireland Uladh-taking in between seven (Donegal ments. Just as the war reparations of the and Britain become full members. Urban plus the Six) , and ten-and-a-half counties defeated German aggressors played a large guerrilla warfare is very exportable, and it (the Six plus Donegal, Cavan, Monaghan, part in financing the new state of Israel, is one import the EEC will be most anxious Leitrim and the northern part of Louth) is similar reparations should be extracted from to do without. certainly one such way to achieve this aim. Britain for her war crimes in Ireland. Finally, There is, however, one major problem to Britain could be expected to pay because it CONCLUSION be faced if the area defined is too large, and would be in British interests to do so. Some It should be seen therefore, that the con that is the political problem of assuring the 85 % of the Six County trade is done with cept of Dail madh within a Federal Struc national minority of Unionists that what is Britain. The inclusion of the additional three ture of national govern~1ent , is by far the being proposed is not a new version of gerry counties would scarcely alter that to any most realistic and promising proposal yet mander, whereby the localized majority the meaningful degree. As Britain's home market put forward for a just and lasting settlement Unionists now enjoy is diluted by the inclu wm be coming under intense pressure from of the Northern problem. It contains real sion of sufficient Nationalist areas. Common Market imports, and as the tradi and renumertaive advantages for all parties tional Commonwealth markets will be disap concerned: The Nationalists, the non-Na POLITICAL CONTROL AND PARTICIPATION pearing, it will be essential for British in tionalists, the British government, the Dub In terms of population, the Unionists dustry to secure those markets which remain lin government, and the EEC. It penalizes would still have control, albeit, at a slightly open. As the Twenty-Six County State is no one, and it removes only one thing from reduced margin than that which they had Bri-tain's third best customer in the world, Irish soil-the British Army, and the cor under Stormont. On a nine county basis the and the Thirty-two Counties her best cus ruption and abuse of power that has gone non-Nationalist population would total ap tomer, it is clearly in British interests to co with it always and everywhere. proximately 1,000,000 as against approxi operate in securing a prosperous Ireland. mately 750,000 Nationalists. The Nationalists miSH INTERESTS THE REGIONAL STRUCTURE would, however, be within reach of power The advantages accruing to the remaining (By Ruia.ri O'Bradaigh) something which they have always been de Twenty-Three Counties from a Dial Uladh The object of the Republican movement nied. For an effective democracy to exist, a settlement of the Northern problem are ob is to establish a new society in Ireland strong opposition capable of achieving power vious enough and no great detail is required. EIRE NUA. To achieve that aim, the exist is necessary. Further, given the checks and Suffice to say that the present bureaucratic ing system of undemocratic Partition. rule balances of a Federal system with community and centralized Twenty-Six County State must be abolished and replaced with an en administration at loca.l level, provincial gov has little enough to offer Donegal, Cavan and tirely new system based upon the unity and ernment at provincial level, and Federal gov- Monaghan. sovereignty of the Irish people. June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22443
A NEW CONSTITUTION COMMUNITY GOVEB.Nl\IIENT (LOCAL - DEBATING-A .PATMAN TRADITION The New Constitution would provide: A system of Community Government (a) A charter of :rights which would in would. replace the e_xisting local government corporate the pl'inciple of securing to the a,uthorities North and. South• .lt woulll con HON. l. J~ PJCKLE individual protective contTol of hls condi sist of Community Counells democratically OF 'IlE%AS tw:D.s of UViu;g .subject to tbe common good. elected. by the peopJe on a ProPortiolDI Rep iN 'THE HOUSE Or' REPRESENTATIVES _(b) A structure of government which would resentation basis. A Oouncil would gmern an apply this principle by -providing for the area which .has pll,:sical and social unity. Thursday, June U_, 1973 maximum distribution of authority at pro and on the basis of Justice an.d efficiency Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speak-er, Austin rs would take and. imp ement decisions appro vincial and subsidiary level. ,gh1s' priate to it-s a-rea. lllith Clhe minimum
of us who moved to Alaska, had this real· he says is faulty due to soil mechanics mis and won some revolutionary cases-led them ization early and came here te escape the takes. to groWing awareness of their own skill. mechanization and madness which exists The Secretary of the Interior has failed tG in the "lower -48.'' give thorough study to existing alternatives SPECIAL NEEDS FILLED Therefore, there are many of us who be· from the very beginning-. It also led to the conclusion that women lieve the trans Alaska pipeline is an ana Alyeska has fafled to design ).ts North Slope increasingly need lawyers for marital prob ehronism and a tragic error across the face pipeline and feeder lines so migrating cari lezns, for business, for general civil cases, of Alaska. No matter how thin Lt. Governor bou will overcome these obstacles and cross discrimination and criminal matters-needs Red Boucher says the Iine will be in com· them; refuses to make public its study; and that the male legal establishment seldom parison to the width of the State of Alaska, refuses to fund proper crossing designs. filled, they say. it is still a dangerous seed and a desecration. .Alyeska and British Petroleum have al· "The legal profession," says Mary Kelly, In addition it has engineering defects ready had chronic on spills on the North "wasn't set up to look after the rights cf which have never been adequately answered Slope tundra at construction camps even be women." and risks which can never be accurately fore a construction permft is granted and And the p1ressure on women lawyers to be measured. I believe, as an Alaskan business they appear unable to control these acci twice as good in order to win, to move up in man, that. if Alaskan oil must be taken from dents. law firms, to even get a Judge to call them the ground and if it must be transported A Canadian gas consortium already plans "E!Otlnselor" illirtead of "young lady"-"Well, that the Canadian route is preferable. to request a permit to construct and operate yt>u have to be very strong to. overcome all The trans Alaska pipeline route is not only a 48-inch gas Ilne from Prudhoe Bay to the that, and! that's alWther reason for a women's inherently dangerous an.d environmentally midwest via Canada. firm," adds Nancy Stanley. destructive over its ne21» 900 mile pa;th, but Interior admits savings would accrue from Both fums alte set up for general civil also the marme transport section has been a single, joint gas and oil pipeline corridor. practice, including wills, business law. frighteningly underestimated as to dangers Some evidence exi'Sts that Valdez is a short mortgages. etc. They have interests in and seems to have be.en accepted as plaus cut from Prudhoe Bay to Tokyo. wome-n's :rights cases. and in certain erimd:nal ible without proper investigation. Cook Inlet oil is already sold at the rate of matters ·W.ch especially relate to women, Do not be misled by the State funded 19,000 barrels daily to Japanese interests. ::ru.ch as prostitution. Bllth fums have been Alaska Pipeline Education Commtttee which· Sincerely yours, surprised a bilt by the volume of work they've gfltten, mostly from women. clients. is a gwoup of Chamber o! Commerce empty DONALD K. FREEDMAN, M.D. heads running around the lower 48 like "We expected to starve the first quarter," little Wind-up men shouting how much Jan Goodman grins, "an there are over 100 Alaska wants and needs the pipeline. This iS cases ill the house. There certainly must be a need for our kind of service." horse manure. A large number of Alaskans, CALL ME COUNSELOR includ.ing professionals, working men, lib The two outfits have somewhat different erals, conservatives. outdoorsmen. salesmen. styles. Belilam.y, et al is in the- Bar Building and many types abhor the thought of the de HO . BELLA S. ABZUG on 44th St. after a polite struggle ith the velopment which the pipeline will b:ring to management, who initi31lly told them no this country. OF NEW YORK space was available, when it was. The part· IN THE. HOUSE O'F REPRESENTATIVES llel's, some of hom. came from Wall St. firms They may agree the oil needs ta come out or flrom arguing omen'S rights eases for the and that: energy needs to be cons-umed. There Thursday, June 28, 1973 Equal Emplo~ment Oppertunity Commission are certainly varying degrees of. thoughts on in Wa.s.ln.i.ngto.n. are all fellliniE.sts whose that matter. b111t they ru:e universally agreed Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, in a pro ideology does. not prevent them from enjoy that the pipeline will change the "Alaskan fession that purports to place justice high ing bright mod.ern offices m the staid old way of life" a~nd they do not like to see this in its scheme of values, women :1ave bmld.ing. happen. traditionally played an insignificant role. Down t Broadway and Bleeker, Lefcourt l reE£lize this seema to be a. manner of bury· The 19'Z3 Ecollomic Re.po.rt of the Presi et al work in. the brtek-walled radical! charm 1ng one's head, but nonetheless it is true that of tlile old New York law Commune offices. not all Alaskans are !or the pipeUne. dent states that tbe percentage of women lawYen and judges is 4.9. In 1950, Two of the part.ners, Carol Lefcourt and An .Alaskan against the pipeline only Veronika Kraft, helped win acquittal for Yours truly, the ratio of practicing female and male the Panther 21 in 19.71.,. befo:te the com J. A. " JIM" HUNTER, attorneys was 1 to 2'8:; today, the ratio is mune broke up. "We wanted to change the President. approximately 1 to 4(}. world," says Ms. Kraft, with a. sigh~ "Now, I am pleased to note that this trend if we can at least get justice for some individ JUNEAU, ALASKA, June 20, 1973. is reversing itself. Tins past winter, two uals, we'll be pleased. Hon. JOHN B. ANDERSON, new all-women law "iilims opened their "Also, we are making a statement, that as House of Representative~, a group we can support each other and make doors in New York City, Bellamy, Good a go of it," she continues. House Office Building, & Washington, D.c. man, Kelly,_ Ross stanley, and Lef As to the discrimination against women DEAR CONGRESSMAN ANDERSON: I WiSh to court, Kraft & Libow. attorneys, all the new paJ:tners say it lessens tl"xtend my support to you and your efforts in At the conclusion of these remarks, I as big cases are won. Congress to amend pendiing legislation to re am reprinting an article from today's "While it makes it tougher !or the lawyer, move legali barriers to construction of the Daily News, which I hope will serve as I don't believe the client's. interest sufl'.ers Trans Alaska Pipeline System. It is impera an impetus to all women considering a from it, since women lawyers argue harder tive that a careful thorough investigation of caree:Ji in the legal profession: and longer, as they had to all through school. alternatives be made for the following rea· The biggest problem for women lawyers is. sons: THEY MAKE A GOOD CASE FOR WOMEN LAWYERS probably being o.verprepared, just to be TAPS involves a short pipeline and a long (By Beth Fallon) SURE.'' Ms. Kraft says. oil tanker route; ililcoming tankers in ballast Mudge, Gudge, Sludge and Curmudgeon "We're discovering that we can do it, and and outgoing under load will traverse treach· can just move over, along with Wily, Sneakee we've all had experience," notes Carol Libow, erous waters among the most turbulent in and D1·one. There are two new law firms in who spent a total of four years with Legal the world, which also happens to be lO'Cated town, and all the partners are women-a Aid; Legal Services in Harlem; and at a pri· in one of Alaska's richest fisheries. first here, as far as they know. vate firm. "We don't need some senior male Tanker spills in these turbulent waters Both firms ax:e dedicated to the law not partner to lean on." would be impossible to prevent, a:nd impos only as a tool fox: securing women's rights, BIG MCDNEY NOll' GOAL sible to control-as evidence.d by the 200,000 but also as a business in which women can At- both officres, the attorneys: noted that gallon spill in March,. 1973, in Cold Bay of be self-employed, successful and self big money wasn't their g_oal,. but a good liv· the grounded Hillyer Brown. s.usta.ining. ing, and working for the cause of women's Alaska Cordova District Fisheries Union Lefcourt, Kraft a,nd Libow opened Feb. 1 justice was. Their experience, in the down and the UE.ited Fishermen of Alaska oppose with attorneys Carol Lefcouxt, Veronika Kraft town firm with the Panthers and suits this plan. and Carol Libow. against the FBI; tn. the uptown group with All overland pipeline alternative routes On March !._Bellamy, Goodman. Kelly, Ross suits against WABc-TV, EEOC cases ("I avoid all marine tanker traffic and the threat and Stanley set up for b-usiness-, with State wondered once how Susan knew so much TAPS poses, and deserve official, top level in Sen. Carol Bellamy (D-Brooklyn), Jan Good about certain EEOC regulations," Carol Bel· vestigation before a decision is made to go on man, Mary Kelly, Susan Ross and Nancy lamy laughs. "It turned out she wrote them") oil delivery. Stanley as senior partners. gives them some clout with other lawyers. CordoYa District Fisheries Union is in court While women have practiced law for the "Men lawyers sometimes are nice, because to prevent the tanker route. government, as seldom-seen Wall St. ad they expect to push us aro.und. When the An Anchorage arctic soils engineer has juncts and as loners until the last few years, iron fist comes out of o.ur velvet glove, they sued Alyeska Pipeline Service Company for the emergence of young, tough, capable fe· get furious. Lt really helps of course," she $501,000,000 to force them to reveal how de male lawyers in the civil rights movement chuckles, "if they lose their tempers. It's cisions were made to go on the current design and women's movement-who have argued easier for us to win." June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22449 "When Mary gets finished with some the Delaware Senate and House of Represent Under Elinor's leadership the union lawyers," Mrs. Bellamy laughs, "we send in atives, and copies of this resolution be for built close ties with the community, in somebody with bandaids. It's doing a good warded to all members of the Delaware Con the political, religious, human rights, job that counts. That's the bottom line." gressional delegation, U.S. Senator William civil rights, social and child welfare, and V. Roth, Jr., U.S. Senator Joseph R. Biden, Jr., and U.S. Representative Pierre S. du in the women's rights fields not only in Pont IV, with the request that it be incorpo Los Angeles, but up and down the State rated into the Congressional Record. of California. DELAWARE AIR SERVICE The Union broke through and won ac ceptance of the County of Los Angeles to seek funding for child care for chil HON. PIERRE S. (PETE) du PONT ELINOR M. GLENN dren of hospital employees. OF DELAW AJtE Elinor is a leader in the first against IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke discrimination and for the right of mi norities not only to be recruited but to Thursday, June 28, 1973 OF CALIFORNIA be in policymaking positions· for fair Mr. nu PONT. Mr. Speaker, Delaware IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES testing and equal opportunity.' 1s faced with the possibility that ou= air Thursday, June 28, 1973 Elinor has worked closely with trade service will be permanently discontinued. Ms. BURKE of California. Mr. Speak union education programs and set up We are of course working as hard as we er, Elinor M. Glenn has been general stewards classes. She has brought close can to see that this does not happen. It is manager of the Los Angeles County Em ties between Local 434 and the Institute imperative to Delaware that we succeed. ployees Union, local 434 for the past 6 of Industrial Relations of UCLA. Local Recently the Delaware General As 434 has provided scholarships to their sembly passed Senate Joint Resolution years, and has been affiliated with the Service Employees International Union, members to attend classes at UCLA in No. 19, voicing the opposition of the peo collective bargaining and negotiations in ple of Delaware to the termination of AFL-CIO, and the Los Angeles County Employees Union, local 434, for the past the public sector. Women's rights has be this se:.:vice. I ask that the resolution be come one of Elinor's contributions in included in the RECORD: 20 years. She is one of the few women in labor to achieve such leadership. Eli seminars at universities and in the agen SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION No. 19 nor is one of the first two women elected cies of the Federal Government. (Voicing the opposition o! the 127th General Elinor served on the Steering Commit Assembly of the State of Delaware and the to the international executive board of the SEIU in May 1972. Elinor was tee at UCLA to find and select appli citizens of Delaware to the termination of cants, mainly women and minorities to certificated air service in the State of Dela selected by her peers to preside as presi dent of the Public Workers Committee train to become future mediators, arbi ware by the Civil Aeronautics Board) trators, and factfinders in the public sec of the Western Conference of SEIU. Whereas, there is presently pending be- tor. This training program was sponsored fore the Civil Aeronautics Board in Washing The executive board of the California ton a proceeding captioned "Wilmington by the Federal Government Department State Council of SEIU is another board of Labor. Service Investigation", initiated by the on which she serves. Elinor is also a Board which h.as as its stated purpose the Elinor's background in New York City elimination of all certificated air service into trustee of joint council No. 8 covering is varied and rich. After he graduated and out of the State of Delaware which will southern California SEIU. from New York University she became make Delaware the only state in the fifty During the past 20 years, Elinor Glenn a teacher of the underprivileged, an states without such service; and has organized and fought for the low actress and worked as an economist here Whereas, for nearly thirty years the Civil paid Los Angeles County hospital work in Los Angeles. When she went on a job Aeronautics Board affirmatively acknowl ers. Elinor was head of an independent edged Delaware's need for more and better she either joined the existing union or unaffiliated union when she met George organized one where none existed. commeycial air service a.nd repeatedly denied Hardy, the west coast director of SEIU petitions by airlines to terminate services This marks her 20th year in the Serv the most recent denial of which was 1970; to discuss affiliation. A merger resulted ice Employees International Union Local and immediately. 434, which she helped build from '700 to Whereas, the airlines presently obligated to It was largely through her leadership its present over 6,000 members. Her service Delaware have unilat.erally discon efforts that social security benefits were motto of "An injury to one is an injury to tinued certain service in violation of orders won for Los Angeles County employees. of the Civil Aeronautics Board a.nd purpose all" has stood her and the union in good Elinor's dedication to the working poor stead over the years. fully downgraded and rendered inadequate resulted in organizing the unorganized service and now use those created conditions in the attempt to justify an economic need public hospital workers when most of to terminate all service; and the public sector was either hostile or Whereas, in the face of a gasoline energy pathetic to the need for unionization to ELECT!ON DAY DMPROVEMENT crisis, with our highways already over-bur solve their miserable working conditions geoned with traffic, with the attempt of the and low pay. The dressing rooms and bankrupt railroads to discontinue rail serv r~st rooms, in the heat of the laundries, HON. WILLIAM J. KEATING ice in the entire Northeast, it is imperative kitchens, on the wards and in the labs to Delaware's economy, future development was where Elinor signed up the worker~ OF OHIO and the welfare of her people that she retain IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and upgrade commercial airline service; and to become active union members. Whereas, the Governor of Delaware has or Elinor was physically removed from Thursday, June 28, 1973 the premises of the county hospital 1 day dered that the State of Delaware be added Mr. KEATING. M:r. Speaker, the elec as a party to and join in the proceedings be ~nd was right back the next day sign fore the Civil Aeronautics Board. mg up the working poor. The wages in tion of 1972 has demonstrated the need for serious reform of our electoral proc Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Sen those days was $103 per month. Many of ess. It was the most expensive campaign ate of the 127th General Assembly o! the these people had to go on welfare to sup in our history, and resulted in a voter State of Delaware, the House of Representa plement their earnings. Under her lead turnout of only 55 percent. There can be tives concurring therein, that the Delaware ership, these workers have made sub Congressional delegation be advised of the no doubt that changes are necessary. s~a?tial gains iJ?- wages and working con opposition of the members of the Delaware The bill that I am introducing makes General Assembly and the citizens of Dela ditiOns, upgradmg, promotions and up- ware to the proposed elimination of commer ward mobility. ' some basic changes that would give re newed voter interest and confidence in cial air service ln this State. She led the fight by thousands of the Be it further resolved, that the 127th hospital workers against demotions and the electoral process. General Assembly of the State of Delaware downgrading, and won. My bill does four things. First it makes go on record as vigorously opposing the ces ~linor's determination to build the election day a national holiday. Second sation of commercial air service and recom it establishes a fixed period when Hous~ mend and request that the Civil Aeronautics umon, to mobilize the public workers Board consider the public need and not and to win dignity for themselves as and Senate primaries can be held. Third, merely acquiesce to the airline lobby. first c~s citizens led to the first major it fixes the month of September as the Be it further resolved, that the text of this collective bargaining ordinances in the time when Presidential nominating con resolution be spread upon the Journals of State of California for public employees. ventions are held. Fourth, the bill pro- 22450 ~ EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 vides for simultaneous voting hours This bill, in and of. itself, will not re agencies, and today I have joined Repre across the continental United States in store the confidence in our political sys sentative WILLIAM D. FoRD in introducing Presidential elections. tem. It will not insure record voter this legislation in the House. The bill The first section, to designate election turnout. However, these are significant would not deeply involve the Federal day as a national holiday is designed to steps that will modernize our electoral Government in the care of runaway chil increase voter participation. This will process and be a positive step in this dren. Nor would it create a new bureauc enable more people to vote and also make direction. racy to deal with the problem. It would it possible for more people to work for simply direct the Government to pay 90 the candidate of their choice on election percent of the cost, for up to $10 million day. RUNAWAY YOUTH ACT annually, of providing shelter, counsel The second provision would establish ing, and medical services to runaway a definite period for House and Senate children in established community run primaries. At the present time the pri HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON away houses. maries start in March and go through OF MASSACHUSETTS This approach recognizes the ability September. If the actual time of the cam IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and concern which many of those man paign can be reduced then these goals ning these houses have shown. Since run can be reached. Thursday, June 28, 1973 aways generally remain close to home, Shorter campaigns will obviously cost Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, support of local agencies would facilitate less. Now it is necessary to conduct cam ever since the days of Charles Dickens' the reestablishment of contact with the1r paigns for several months, under my pro "Oliver Twist," society has been aware parents. posals the primaries could not be held that children who have no homes have In addition, emphasizing treatment by before August 1st and must be over bY been mistreated, abused, and neglected. such agencies removes the run a way from the end of September. We have surely come a long way in pro the pressures of the legal system's ad Long campaigns bore the general pub tecting children from the exploitive be versary proceedings. The personal prob lic. One election seems to flow into the havior of characters like Dickens' Fagin, lems of these children require profes next. By making the campaign period with the enactment of legislation to pro sional attention and help that can best more compact citizens might well take a tect orphans and other homeless chil be provided in the cooperative atmos greater interest in the candidates and the dren. But there is one group which has phere of the community runaway house, issues. Our campaigns are too long. Many not been adequately cared for: those and not in the juvenile courtroom. of the problems of 1972 would have been who have run away from home. Specific safeguards against the unwar eliminated in a short campaign. The phenomenon of the runaway has ranted disclosure of records dealing with The third section of the bill stipulates increased dramatically over the past runaways are included in the bill, to pro that any party may nominate a candi several years. Some have linked it with tect these children from embarrassing date for President during the month of a decline in American family life. Oth disclosures that would only add to their September. This would also have the ers have suggested that runaways are a difficulties. same effect of cutting down on the product of a modern, and loosely struc Unless Congress acts to financially as length of the campaign. tured society. Whatever the cause, sist community shelters, runaway youths In the past, before mass communica youths are leaving home at an estimated must depend on the beneficence and tions, perhaps there was a need for a rate of 1 million per year. A recent study dedication of those few who have con longer campaign period to get a mes by the Massachusetts committee on cerned themselves with their plight. Both sage to the American people. But now children and youth calculated that over they, and the runaways, deserve the with television and radio advertising it 200,000 youths under age 18 run away financial support a.nd recognition con is ~ossible to run a national campaign from home every year in that State. tained in the Runaway Youth Act, so in 5 or 6 weeks. The Massachusetts study found that that no youth who temporarily leaves These proposals would make the in over 50 percent of the youths left home home is deprived of shelter, medical at cumbent Congressman or Senator a bet because of a family argument; in fa~t. tention, counseling, and a chance to re ter representative of the people. He will there seems to be a direct correlation turn home safely. be able to devote more time to the legis between the runaway's relationship with lative process during the first 6 months the adults with whom he or she lives of the session when the budgets are and the circumstances that lead to the being prepared; knowing that the pri runaway act. The underlying causes are CONGRESSMAN PATMAN'S GRAND mary can be no earlier than the first of strikingly similar to the immediate DAUGHTER WINS TEXAS DEBATE August. reason for departure. CHAMPIONSHIP Section 4 of the bill would establish It is clearly beyond our power to reach simultaneous voting hours in Presiden into the family to help solve the emo tial elections. In this age of instant pre tional or familial problems that cause HON. JOHN YOUNG dictions of election outcomes, there is a children to run away from home. But OF TEXAS very real problem of election results on large numbers of runaways create a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the east coast affecting the voter atti social problem with which we must deal. tude on the west coast. Some voters may Runaways who flock to the central Thu1·sday, June 28, 1973 feel that the outcome is obvious and cities, with no shelter or means of sup Mr. YOUNG of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I stay at home. While their main interest port, cannot merely be abandoned to desire to associate myself with the re :rp.ay have been the Presidential election whatever Fagin might be lurking in the marks of my friend and colleague, Mr. by staying home, they will not be voting streets. PICKLE, relative to the forensic accom for the other offices on the ballot. Fortunately, a wide variety of private, plishments of Miss Carrin Foreman Pat While it is really impossible to gage nonprofit agencies have acted to assist man, who has participated on the debate the impact of this problem in a close runaways in need of temporary shelter team that has won the State debate election, California, with its large num and support. Many of them, operating on championship. Miss Patman is a grand ber of electoral votes, could have a real miniscule budgets, have succeeded in daughter of our dean of the House and impact on the final winner. providing professional medical, counsel a constituent of mine of whom I am If election day is a national holiday, ing, and legal advice to runaways. But very proud. She is the daughter of Sen the 12-hour period provided should al the vast majority of these programs do ator and Mrs. William (Bill) Patman, low everyone to vote. not have the resow·ces to give those who are distinguished friends and ex The hours in the bill range from 9 youths more than a roof over their heads ceptionally respected constituents. Her a.m. to 9 p.m. on the east coast to 6 a.m. and the kind of personal understanding forensic abilities come from a long herit to 6 p.m. on the west coast. This would and attention that was lacking at home age and she is truly to be commended mean that all polls in the continental and precipitated the runaway. and congratulated. Speaking for myself United States would open and close at The Senate has already passed legisla and all south Texas we are indeed proud the same time. tion to provide Federal grants to these of Miss Carrin Foreman Patman. June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22451 THE CACHE RIVER PROJECT 3. A substantial -portion of the ducks which Mr. Speaker, it is time for the Con a.re produced in the State of Minnesota. de gress of the United States to stand up pend for winter habitat on marsh areas of Arka.nsa.s. One of the major areas of winter to the President-to serve notice upon HON. DONALD M. FRASER habitat of the State of Arkansas is situated him that we intend to reassert ourselves OF MINNESOTA in the a.rea. of the Cache River-Bayou De in the decisionmaking process of this country-and to remind him that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES View project. 4. The construction of the Cache River executive branch, in spite of what he Thursday, June 28, 1973 Bayou DeView project would materially and may wish, is only one of three coequal Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, the ne adversely affect the interests of the State branches of our Government. War mak of Minnesota in the population of water ing, however carried on, must be at the cessity ·of a number of stream channel fowl which the State o! Minnesota produces ization projects has been questioned by and ma.na.ges for the benefit of its citizens will of the people, expressed through conservationists, farmers, and hunters and of the citizens of the states comprising their elected representat!ves, not at the alike. The feasibility and success of these the Mississippi Valley Flyway. whim of the generals, the colonels or proposed projects are in doubt. Wherefore, Petitioner respectively prays the President. One of these is the Cache River chan this Court that it be allowed to file Mr. Speaker, you may recall that nelization project in Arkansas. On the said Brief as amicus curiae in said causes when this body passed th~ Long and Cache River and the Bayou Deview in and to otherwise appear relative to whether Addabbo amendments last month which the construction of the proposed Cache contained language similar to the Ian eastern Arkansas, a total of 232 miles River-Bayou DeView project is in conformity of scenic river would be straightened and with federal law. guage in the act now before us, then dredged by Army Engineers. The purpose Secretary of Defense Elliot Richardson is to put more land into soybean produc announced that the Nixon administra tion. tion would simply use other iunds to However, the area is the most impor VETO OF THE SUPPLEMENTAL continue the bombing of Cambodia. This tant wintering area for mallard ducks APPROPRIATIONS ACT is just one example of what I mean when on the North American continent. The I refer to the Nixon administration's ar transformation of the river, woodland rogant and contemptful attitude. and marshes into a series of water-:filled In voting to override the veto of the HON. WILUAM D. FORD Supplemental Appropriations Act now ditches will be seriously detrimental .to OF MICHIGAN the preservation of the mallard's life before us, we can send Mr. Nixon ames cycle, not to mention the aesthetic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sage. We can serve him notice that the beauty of the river. Thursday, June 28, 1973 Congress and the people of the United States are no longer willing to put up Also, development of this $72 million Mr. WllLIAM D. FORD. Mr. Speaker, with his arrogance-and we can force drainage project would destroy some of today, in one of his most arrogant and the last hardwood forest and scenic bot irresponsible acts since taking office, Mr. him to discontinue once and for all the tomlands in Arkansas. Nixon vetoed the Supplemental Appro waste of the taxpayers' money and I would like to share with my col priations Act which contained funds nec senseless bombing, destruction and kill leagues the following friend of the court essary for the Federal Government to ing which continues to take place in the brief filed on behalf of Minnesota cit continue operating through the conclu name of our country over in Southeast izens in support of the Arkansas en sion of the .fiscal year which ends in just Asia. vironmentalists' suit against the Army 3 more days. In refusing to accept the veto of this Corps of Engineers Cache River project: As his reason for doing so, he cited the act, we may also assure that our Gov [U.S. District Court for the Eastern District fact that the act contains language to ernment will continue to function for of Arkansas, Western Division, No. LR- prohibit the use of funds appropriated the remainder of the week, that our 71-c-199] Federal employees will receive their pay under this or any other act to support ehecks at the end of this month, and. PETITION FOR LEAVE TO APPEAR AS U.S. combat operations in, over, or off AMICUS CURIAE the shores of CaJnbodia or in or over that . the flow of social security benefits (Environmental Defense Fund, Inc., Ar Laos. Mr. Nixon says that this language to some 25 million American people will. kansas Wildlife Federation, Arka.nsa.s Ecology would .. cripple or destroy" the chances not be disrupted. Center, Ellis Throckmorton, Pratt Remmel, for an effective negotiated peace settle Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues Jr., and Mrs. Ga.le Eddins, Plaintiffs, vs. Rob from both sides of the aisle to vote to ert F. Froehlke, Secretary of the Army, Gen ment in Cambodia. override this veto so that the Supple eral Frederick B. Clarke, Chief of Engineers, Mr. Speaker, just what is Mr. Nixon mental Appropriations Act may become Corps of Engineers of the United States doing negotiating a peace settlement in law. Army, Cache River-Bayou DeView Improve Cambodia now? What are his legal justi ment District, Defendants). fications for carrying on hostile activities (Arkansas Ga.me and Fish Commission, in that area of the world in the first Plaintiff, vs. John Getson, S . L. Simpson, JOHN D. MAcARTHUR-FLORIDA'S place? We are not at war. To the con ACCESSIDLE BILLIONAIRE Anderson Wells, F. D. Munger, Owen Burton, trary, Mr. Nixon ran his 1972 campaign John Conner, Donald Cain and Raymond Carloch, Defendants). on the assurance that "peace is at hand!' Comes now the State of Minnesota by We have received continued assurances HON. PAUL G. ROGERS Warren Spannaus, its Attorney General, ever since then that everything was OF FLORIDA "Petitioner herein, and respectfully prays under control over in Southeast Asia. If IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leave of the Court to file a Brief as amicus this is the case, then why does the Presi Thursday, June 28, 1973 curiae in the above-entitled causes and to dent of the United States insist on veto otherwise appear in said causes, and as rea ing a vitally important bill simply be Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, in a recent sons therefor states: cause it includes language which pro New York Times article, Jon Nordheimer 1. The State of Minnesota. annually spends hibits him from doing something he has writes of the life of one of the great build in excess of $250,000 in producing mallard ers of the State of Florida, John D. Mac ducks a.nd other forms of waterfowl for the no legal authority to do to begin with? benefit of the citizens of the State of Minne The Supplemental Appropriations Act Arthur. Since moving to Florida in the sota and of other states along the Mississippi Mr. Nixon so arrogantly vetoed today was 1920's, John MacArthur has been instru Valley Flyway, which include parts of all of approved by an overwhelming majority mental in the State's tremendous growth, the States of Minnesota., Iowa., Missouri, of the elected representatives of the peo and has pursued the development of the Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio, Indiana., ple in both Houses of Congress. It was ap area through many a battle and contro Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, proved by a vote of 240 to 17.2 in this versy. I insert in the REcoRD at this point Louisiana. a.nd Alabama.·. body and by a vote of 81 to 11 in the other Mr. Nordheimers account of a fasclnat-_ 2. The citiZens of the State of Minnesota body, and I submit that it 1s time that 1ng interview with a fascinating man: annually spend in excess of three million Mr. Nixon started listening to the elected dollars per yea.r in harvesting ma.lla.rd ducks FLoRIDA'S ACCESSIBLE BILLIONAmE in the State of Minnesota.. Approximately Representatives of the people and not (By Jon Nordheimer) 175,000 Minnesotans annually engage in wa his own little clique of White House SINGER ISLAND, FLA.--Burrt>unded by the terfowl hunting. advisers. clatter of dishes and the cluck of conver- 22452 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1.973 sation, John D. MacArthur, quite possibly which had expensive overhead, couldn't af spending thousands of dollars to replant the nation's most accessible billionaire, runs ford to collect premiums of less than $5. Mr. trees and reroute roads around esthetic sites his real estate and insurance empire from MacArthur, living off the sales commissions while other developers were bulldozing the a corner table in the coffee shop of the Colon he earned himself, was hawking term policies land into subtropical ghettos. nades Hotel here. on the streets of Chicago for almost any "But now the pendulum has swung the Women in straw hats and bathing suits amount he could get, even a client's lunch other way and the obstructionists have gone trot by his table on the way to the beach, money. overboard," he said, explaining why he has passing a steady stream of petitioners and "If he had $2 ·in his pocket, I sold him a threatened to pull out of Florida if he can hucksters who line up each day to curry policy for that and told him to mail in a figure a way to do so without losing money favor from Mr. MacArthur, who sits stone dollar or two each month," he said. on his investments. However, this position faced and skeptical between a Silex coffee In 1935 he acquired Bankers Life, then a seems to imply that Mr. MacArthur is not pot and a telephone. tiny bankrupt concern, for the $2,500 im going anywhere soon. "This is the greatest racket," he later con pairment against it. The new investment "The conservationists are well-meaning fided to a visitor, allowing a smile to crack almost forced Mr. MacArthur out of business people w.ho simply just don't know what his granite face. when he was hit by four death claims in the the hell they are talking about," he said. "If I look these guys up to my office (in first month he owned the company. At one "Right now they're on a wetlands binge. the hotel penthouse] I'd have to be cour point his assets shrunk to less· than $100. You can't drain your property, they tell you. teous to them. Here I cari just get up and But the Depression eventually proved a It might hurt the alligators." · walk off into the kitchen and hide." bonanza as Bankers Life began gobbling up ..The gruff sarcasm colors his voi-ce as he Recently, Mr. MacArthur threatened to a large share of the market relinquished by unwraps his third pack of cigarettes for the take a longer walk. He complained bitterly the faltering major companies. day. that conservationists and "other obstruc "My competitors saw me as a little whip "Has anyone ever justified the existence tionists" ·were forcing him out of Florida, persnapper coming up that they had to of an alligator?" he went on. "They eat cat where in the last 18 years he has built a stop," Mr. MacArthur recalled, relishing the tle and dogs. When they start eating kids l'eal estate fortune almost equal to his im memory across the decades from his Florida the public is going to feel different about mense holdings in the Bankers Life and Cas penthouse. them. Let's stuff a few and put them in a ualty Corporation, the Chicago-based insur "They got together and tried to put the museum and get rid of the rest." ance company he built from scratch during screws to me. They had the I.R.S. on my tail His .critics have responded with the charge the Depression. and the Post Office was crawling all over me that a conservationist by 1960 standards His ire had been aroused by a number of looking for viqlations. could be a menace to the environment today. legal citations that halted work on his de "And the insurance commissioners ganged "It's true that when Mr. MacArthur cre velopments in Florida, where he is the single up on me and tried to put me out of busi ated some 1and developments he went to largest private lapdowner, holding thousands ness in every state where we had an office, some expense to spare some trees," remarked of acres of choice real estate. saying we weren't paying off on claims and Dr. Dwight Goforth, regional biologist for Speaking like a character in "The Front I wasn't paying my agents properly. But I the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Page," the play about Chicago journalism won all those fights because I wasn't guilty." Commission. written by his brother, the late Chares Mac By the mid-fifties, Mr. MacArthur had "But he also owns utility and sewerage Arthur, and Ben Hecht, he bluntly lays his reached the pantheon of success in America. J>lants on these properties that pump waste Fortune magazine named him as one of the into canals that kill fish and make the water trouble at the door of "bearded jerks and country's richest men. little old ladies who call me a despoiler of unsafe for human contact. The habitat sim the environment." "The big boys took me into the club then," ply can't survive under such conditions." he said with a laugh. "They say good morn Mr. MacArthur scoffs at the dictum that He snorts with derision during an inter ing to me now. They told me they tried to view and pours himself a fresh cup of black "puts the needs of fish before the needs of catch me with my foot off first base, but I man." Furthermore, he is incensed at what coffee from the handy Silex pot, one of the was down to second by the time they threw 20 cups or more he gulps in a day. Some peo he feels are arbitrary laws that have created the ball." a plethora of regulatory agencies that in..: ple have been saying nasty things like that Then he laughed some more, a deep, grav about John MacArthur for most of his 76 hibit development without consideration of elly roar that seemed to contain more mis the rights of ownership. years and throughout his life he has savored chief than merriment. the joy of besting his detractors. "Hell, I was born in the last century when His Florida venture, like most of the things private property was respected," he said. Using language that is often unprintable, that have enriched him, grew out of some he attacks his collective foes, chuckling.like one else's calamity. "Now we have a new philosophy that says a man who fought hard and well against the "I am not _a builder," he likes to say, a man can't fully use his investment. Unfor odds and emerged from the scraps with hard "I'm a savior. When someone gets caught tunately, the obstructionists have a very bad boiled humor and a mountain of money. in a wringer they call me to get out." example in what's happened to Miami. Mi This combativeness can be traced to his A mortgage failure "dropped a chunk of ami is New York with sunshine, and Fort family background. He was the youngest of Florida property in my lap about 18 years Lauderdale is moving fast in the same :(our sons born to a dirt farmer who had ago." The "chunk" was more than 6,000 acres direction. turned evangelist and settled in Chicago. of valuable real estate in Palm Beach County. "I'm for correcting every valid thing that The father instilled in his sons a Calvinist Mr. MacArthur had the capital and the we are presently doing wrong, but I want regard for money that was respected by all desire to wheel and deal in the Florida land someone more than a schoolboy or a house the sons except Charlie, a two-fisted drinker boom, which started in the fifties, grew in wife to prove to me it's wrong." and bon vivant. the sixties and is still increasing today. Mr. MacArthur's paper assets have grown "My father said 'If you own a cow don't The linchpin of his fortune, which helped to the point where he can probably call him buy milk,'" Mr. MacArthur recalled. It was him profit from his real estate holdings, is f?elf a billionaire and go unchallenged. an adage he applied as a poor man starting Bankers Life. The insurance company, of "Some people say I'm worth umpteem in the insurance business in Chicago nearly which he is owner as well as chairman and jillions," he remarked, "but I feel like H. L. a half century ago when he lived out of the president, has assets today of more than Hunt when he says that you're not very rich office he worked in. It still i.s evident today $838-million. Among his other important if you're able to count all your money." in his decision to reside in a hotel he owns. holdings are controlling interests in the Un Still, Mr. MacArthur leads a relatively fru With the help of an older brother he ion Bankers Life Insurance Company of Dal gal-some say parsimonious-existence with acquired the small Marquette Life Insurance las and the Certified Life Insurance Company no retinue of servants, chauffeurs or public Company for $7,500 in 1928 and kept it afloat Qf Sherman Oaks, Calif. relations men. through the rock-bottom years of the De . His Florida companies-Royal American He drives a dusty fo.ur-year-old Cadillac pression because he says he was too stubborn Industries, Inc., and the Southern Realty and with more than 50,000 miles on it; flies tour to let it go under. Utility Company-own huge tracts of land ist· on commercial flights to his Chicago, "I had shot my mouth off to my brothers and power and sewerage plants on both the Dallas and Los Angeles offices ("My tail fits about making a big success, so I couldn't Atlantic and Gulf Coasts. He has more than very nicely in a tourist seat")' and spends a throw in the sponge when things got tough 25,000 acres in Palm Beach County alone, in-· considerable amount of time running around after '29. Insurance companies were going eluding almost all of the undeveloped acreage his Florida hotel on errands for his guests. out all around me like lights on a Christmas adjoining the Florida Turnpike. Speaking of the hotel on this ·21'2 -mile tree, but I was afraid to admit failure," he . A decade ago, af.ter developing Palm Beach long island about 10 miles north of Palm said. · Gardens, a residential community of 8,500 Beach, he said: "I was in a somewhat better position than residents, Mr. MacArthur was angered when · "I bought this hotel because domestic help the bigger established firms because I had the state refused to build a turnpike exit was hard to get and I figured if I had my just made a fresh start and didn't have too to the town, so he paid the cost-$450,000- own hotel I'd just ring for room service when many dead horses to bury. I didn't have any out of his own pocket, thereby enhancing I needed something. Now I have to worry assets, but I didn't have any liapilities either, the value of his other property in the vicin-. about everyone else's maid. an<1 the Uabi.lities were destroying the big ity by many millions. .. "Every once· in a while some guest con firms." At first he attracted attention in Florida fuses me with the maintenance manager. I He also had flexibility. The big companies, for his efforts to protect the environment, suppose I'm lucky they don't think I'm the June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22453 janitor. I go ahead and do the repairs. I can success in the mainstream of America's him a good opportunity to learn the funds fix everything but a politician. I never had business enterprises does indeed portray mentals of salesmanship. In 1946, he was any luck with them." a great American success story. again promoted, this time to route salesman, There have been times, though, when Mr. Mr. Speaker, with your permission I a job which he held for the next two years. MacArthur played the role of a millionaire Then in 1948, a totally unexpected offer to the hilt. In the fifties he produced plays would like to insert here in our historic of a loan from an aunt put Battagliese one on Broadway and was editor and publisher of journal of Congress a copy of this news step closer to his dream. He accepted the Theatre Arts magazine. report which so eloquently enfolds the offer gratefully and quit his job with Armour, In 1965, he paid $25,000 to ransom the De 1·eal heartbeat and pulse of America- again grateful for the knowledge he had ac Long star ruby, which had been stolen from the businessman and his family-and quired while employed by the company. With the American Museum of Natural History in the dream and achievements of Bill Bat- the loan from his aunt, he bought a used New York. tagliese who climbed the ladder of sue- ice-refrigerated truck, loaded it With a va He brushed this adventure off, however, cess in the great American way in a riety of meat products and began knocking by noting: "I've played hands of poker for on the doors of butchers, restaurants and more than that." tradition that serves as a shining, ex- diners. "H was not as easy as I thought, and Three years ago he suffered a serious illness ample to all of us-and particularly the there were many discouraging days and sleep and said he underwent surgery for cancer of youth of America-with the warmth of less nights," he says. But he was optimistic the stomach. But since then he has come inspiration and hope that is ever present and persistent and had the constant encour back with a bounce and even resumed the in our land of opportunity. It was in- agement of his wife. presidency of Bankers Life when the man he deed my great privilege to officiate at the Battagliese worked diligently for the next . t· 1 b t' th · f h' five years as a wholesale jobber. In spite had named to replace him 10 years ago re d d 0 tired . e ICa 1on ce e ra mg e openmg lS of the fact that there were many difficulties "This is my last year in that job, though. latest, most modern food handling facil- and obstacles, each year was marked by some I'm going to find a new man for the job from ity in Paterson, N.J., last year and as progress and business began to improve. inside the organization," he said. Bill Battagliese and his family celebrate Finally in 1953, Battagliese joined a part Mr. MacArthur has one son and a number the 20th anniversary of the founding of nership of three other men in the establish of grandchildren, but the bulk of his wealth the Paterson Packing Co., Inc., their ment of the Paterson Packing Co., Inc. The has been earmarked for a foundation that is family business of great distinction company began operations at 118 River St. still without special plans or purpose in the in our community, I ask my colleagues in Paterson in a building which was orig- dispersement of his fortune. inally occupied by Henry Muhs and Co., a He says he does not want to administer here in the Congress to join with me in meat packing business which has started the estate from the grave, but so far he has national recognition of his lifetime of in the city about forty years before this. failed to find a lasting monument for a devotion to serving the needs of our peo- The partnership, however, failed to work long career. ple with his outstanding business enter- out and after several years was dissolved "I don't have many friends," he remarked prises and many years of dedicated civic when Battagliese bought out the interests of the other day, and it was difficult to judge leadership throughout our district, State his associates and became the sole owner of from his voice if it was said with regret. and Nation. A copy of the Paterson News the company. He determined then to make "They're either jealous or read something feature story of a great American, Bill the company a family owned and operated about me in the newspapers that's not quite enterprise. true.". Battagliese, and the 20th anniversary In June, 1966, his son, William J., a grad His voice fell for a moment from the glee celebration of the Paterson Packing Co., uate of Fairleigh Dickinson University, ful range of wisecracking that had preceded Inc. is as follows: joined the company as its manager. His col this fugitive comment. PATERSON PACKING CO. INC. CELEBRATES ITS lege Studies and training in business ad- "Money's the name of the game," he said. 20TH ANNIVERSARY IN BUSINESS ministration "brought new life to the com- "If I played poker for matches I'd want all Friends and business associates through- pany," says Battagliese. the matches. ·I want to win. I'm a stinkin' out the State are offering hearty congratula- Two years later, his son, Joseph, entered loser." tions today to a self-made man whose cour- the company as production manager. Ac age, faith and hard work make it possible for cording to his father, "he had filled this posi him to observe the 20th anniversary of the tion splendidly." A GREAT . AMERICAN SUCCESS founding of a successful meat processing and Battagliese's daughter, Maryann, has also packaging business. The man is William M. devoted her talents and energies to help in STORY: HON. WILLIAM M. BAT Battagliese, a native of Paterson and resident bringing the company to its current state of TAGLIESE_:_PATERSON PACKING of Fair Lawn, and his company is the Pater- success. As a high school student attending CO., INC. son Packing Co., Inc. of 220 Sixth Ave., Haw- St. Luke's High School in Ho-Ho-Kus, she thorne. Battagliese says that his first interest served as an assistant bookkeepe::- for the in the meat processing and packing business company during vacations and her spare HON. ROBERT A. ROE goes back as far as his days as a junior at hours. Following her graduation, while &t OF NEW JERSEY Eastside High School in Paterson. One day, studying the Berkeley Secretarial School in the hope of making him sick, two of his . in East Oran_ge she continued to serve the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES friends took him to visit the Fair Lawn company durmg her spare hours. Thursday, June 28, 1973 Slaughter House. It turned out that it was With his wife, Elizabeth, servi J as tress his friends who became 111. He was so fascin- urer of the company, Battagliese remarks, Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, the pleasure ated by the meat processing he saw there "My firm has become a close knit family of great personal dedication and always that he decided he must somehow become in- organization. This close knit unit could spell working to the peak of one's ability with volved in this business. He says, "It was then only success." sincerity of purpose and determination that I knew what I would like to do in the On March 6 of this year, the company ob to fulfill a life's dream-that is the suc future, but at this stage it was just a dream. served the first anniversary of the move "I still had a year and a half to finish in from Paterson, where it had done business cess of the opportunity of America-and high school. Then I would need the money for 19 years, to its new, larger headquarters the mark of distinction in our society of to venture into a business I knew almost building in Hawthorne. "the self-made man." nothing about." In 1935, he graduated from The new building is a modern, single-story Do you and our colleagues remember high school after which he worked at several brick and cement block structure built ac the last time you heard that expression: jobs in an effort to save money so he might cording to specifications prepared by Bat "the self-made man." It was most re start his own business. "All the time," he tagliese himself. After years in the business freshing to read, and I wanted to share says, "I kept dreaming of that day at the he knew precisely what he wanted. The slaughter house." building contains 19,275 square feet and was with you and our colleagues here in the In 1937, he met Elizabeth Tumminiello of designed to allow for the continued growth House my warm feelings, of good will in Paterson, the daughter of a butcher and in of the company. Battagliese is particularly the substance of, a recent news article 1939 they were married. He is quick to ex- proud of his private office which he refers that appeared in one of New Jersey's press his gratitude for his wife's encourage- to as "my home away from home." In addi most prestigious newspapers, The Pater ment and work in finally realizing his dream tion to a large, attractively furnished and son News, extolling the life's pursuits of starting his own business. Two years later, appointed working office, it also features a and expressing the vigorous efforts, and he took a job as a truck driver for Armour fully equipped kitchen and bath. Although happiness derived therefrom, of a most and Co. in Paterson, and after three and a Battagliese is now semi-retired he still half years was promoted to the receiving and spends enough hours at his plant to warrant distinguished citizen and his good family shipping department. During one and a half these private facilities. Outside his own office of my Eighth Congressional District, years in charge of the department he made it is another large office area for a clerical staff. State of New Jersey, close friend and his business to become acquainted with the Beyond that are special refrigerated rooms great American-the Honorable William procedures of all their other company de- ·and areas designed for meat storage and proc M. Battagliese--whose aspirations and partments. In particular, he says, this gave essing. 22454 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 The weekly business routine of the Pater THE CHICKEN AND THE EGG the situation changes, I'll be out of the son Packing Company, as described by Bat chicken business in 12 weeks, when the tagliese, is a relatively simple matter. Each chicks I started last week are finally sold." week, seven trailer truck loads of beef, each weighing 35,000 pounds and coming mainly HON~ JOSEPH M. GAYDOS OTHER PRODUCERS from the American Beef Packers in Omaha, OF PENNSYLVANIA Meanwhile, other producers in Texas and Nebraska, are delivered to the company. A in the South also have begun killing young small part of this delivery, which comes as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chicks and destroying fertilized eggs. For sides and hind quarters of beef, are "fabri Thursday, June 28, 1973 the most part, however, chicken growers at ca.ted" or broken down into smaller cuts such this point are simply cutting back on broiler as sirloin or poterhouse steaks. The company Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, the ad output and, to a man, .damning the freeze also makes up 100 per cent pure beef ham ministration finds itself with egg on its on prices while costs rise unchecked. burger patties. These fabricated :r;neats are face because it has failed to put a lid on Most producers forecast a shortage of for delivery to hotels, restaurants and diners. the sizzling increase in the price of farm chickens at the retail level in eight to 10 However, the bulk of the uncut beef ls de feeds. It has concocted a new version of weeks. And any recovery from a shortage may livered to supermarket clents and retail the fairy tale dealing with the goose take awhile because producers are selling butchers who fabricate it into the sizes and off their breeder chickens. It takes about six cuts they want. Battagliese also said that and the golden egg. Today, the goose of months to grow a chick into a hatching part of the company's business is to serve old is the present day chicken and, if breeder, they say. freezer supply ·houses which sell meats to things continue as they are, our break If the chicken producers are irked at the consumers who purchase to stock their own fast omlet will be the golden egg. freeze itself, they are doubly incensed freezers. The company currently operates a On June 6, I wrote the Department of over its timing. They say the retail price fleet of trucks which deliver meats to clients Agriculture and urged it to press for an level for chickens was at its lowest level in all over the state. The company also makes administration freeze on the price of 90 days in the week ended June 8, the base local purchases of lamb, veal, pork and poul period for the freeze. try which it distributes to its customers. farm feeds and a temporary halt to the At the same time, according to Lonnie Battagliese explained that all meat proces exportation of vitally needed food grains. Pilgrim, president of Pilgrim Industries Inc., sing equipment and storage rooms must be I knew if the situation which existed the second biggest Texas processor, the price scrubbed down dally for a rigid inspection then continued unchecked, American of soybean meal feed shot up to about $450 a by state inspectors for whom offices are main poultry, dairy and livestock farmers ton from about $150 a year earlier. The Pitts tained on the premises at 220 6th Avenue, would be forced to cut production be burg, Texas, company said it has cut back Hawthorne which must be properly heated broiler production to 450,000 a week from cause of soaring costs. Inevitably, this 550,000 so that its supply of feed will last in winter and air conditoned in summer and would mean the consumer would shell out be equipped with a bathroom according to longer. more for meat and eggs because of the FREEZE BADLY TIMED state and federal regulations. shortage of supply. Quality meat, says Battaglie~e. refers to the Gene Biddle, president of Rite-Care Corp., overall palatability of the edible portion of The administration did not meet the a subsidiary of Stratford of Texas Inc., said the carcass. Among the quality grades estab challenge. It only scrambled the prob Rite-Care has cut back incubation of chick lished by the u.s. Department of Agriculture lem. It froze retail prices on food but ens about 10 %. He said the freeze was badly are prime, choice, good, standard and com failed to put out the fire under the timed because wholesalers usually are glut mercial. The grades are determined simply soaring costs of farm feeds. It did noth ted with chickens at the end.of a month and by evaluating visually certain carcass charc therefore sell at very low prices. As a result, ing about stopping the exportation of retail prices are lower and during the base teristics such as maturity, marbling and also food grains abroad, which would have the texture, color and firmness of the lean period of the freeze chicken price at retail part of the carcass. This evaluation process helped ease the shortage here at home. were three cents a pound lower than during the prior week or the week after. is something that Battagliese has been doing Consequently, it should come as no surprise to learn that chicken farmers "I keep hoping for a miracle," said Mr. for years. Biddle, "but last week we had to start di Many of Battagliese's friends tell him that now are slaughtering hundreds of thou verting eggs from the hatchery." after all these years spent in building up his sands of chicks because it is cheaper to Walter Sheffield owns as integrated poultry business, he ought to relax by taking a trip kill them than to buy feed for them. company in Smiley, Texas, with breeding, around the world or engage in some other Producers say the cutback will be felt at hatching, milling and farming operations. At ambitious leisure-time project. But such the retail level in 8 to 10 weeks. Further capacity, his complex hatches about 40,000 to activities have no appear to him. Having more, it is predicted that unless the ad 45,000 baby chicks each week. B~t he's cut worked hard to establish and build his com ministration trims the exportation of ting that back to about 20,000 chicks weekly pany, he still takes deep pleasure in being corn and soybeans, the supply of broilers because of price conditions. involved in it on a more or less daily basis. by November will be down 10 percent Last week, Mr. Sheffield destroyed about He also prefers to be close to his children and 8,000 chicks and 12,000 eggs, and he says he from last year. expects to dump more eggs this week. He's grandchildren. His two sons and daughter Mr. Speaker, I am inserting into the also selling 5,000 of his 18,000 breeder hens, are married and he has four grandchildren. RECORD at this point an article from the and they'll be delivered for processing this He also maintains an active interest in his June 25 issue of The Wall Street Journal. week. · memberships which include the Rotary Club It may not answer the question which POTENTIAL IMPACT of Hawthorne, Lodge 60 of the Paterson Elks, disappears first from the family table, Mr. Sheffield said the sale of his breeders the Fidelians of America and the Holy Name the chicken or the egg, but it does give a is especially important because, in terms of Society of St. Catherine's Church in Glen bird's eye view of what is in store, but the chicks they would have produced, he is Rock of which he and his wife are parishion keeping about one million pounds of broilers ers. In a minor concession to semiretirement not in our stores, in weeks to come. out of supermarkets. activity, he revealed that he and his wife POULTRY RAISERS Kn.L CHICKS, DESTROY EGGS Mr. Sheffield, who mills his own feed, said had joined a Fred Astaire Dancing Studio. As PRICE FREEZE AND CoSTS INSURE LOSSES there isn't any question that rising grain and This, he figures, will offer ample opportunity Texas chicken producer Madison Clement soybean costs are to blame. l:lought 42,000 day-old chicks from hatcheries for fun and relaxing. "Our normal soybean cost is about $110 to last Tuesday. On Saturday he drowned them $115 a ton. Now I'm paying more than $500 a Mr. Speaker, I share the pride of the all in large vats of water. This, he said sadly, ton," he said. His cost of grain is twice what people of our congressional district and was cheaper than feeding them for the two it was a year ago, he added. months or so it would take for them to grow Mr. Sheffield says it costs 27 to 28 cents a the State of New Jersey in the accom into broilers and fryers. pound to produce broilers at current prices. plishments of Bill Battagliese and ask Mr. Clement, managing partner in Clement But he says he can receive only about 23 you to join with me in a national salute Grain Co. in Waco, Texas, is among a grow cents a pound for them. to this all-American family: Bill, his ing number of chicken processors in the One analyst estimates that, based on cur South and Southwest caught in the squeeze good wife Elizabeth, and his sons Wil rent feed costs, wholesale prices of 60 cents between soaring feed prices and retail prices a dozen for large white eggs at New York and liam J. and Joseph, and his daughter held down by the government's 60-day price 44 cents a pound for broilers at Chicago would Maryann and their families for their freeze. be needed for farmers to break even. But continued success and happiness-and in "Don't feel sorry for me," said Mr. Clement. with the New Yo1·k large eggs quoted as low grateful appreciation for the contribu "I'm killing my chickens. Some other pro as 55 cents a dozen and Chicago broilers as tion they hav.e made to the image and ducers are going to try to feed theirs." He low as 39 cents a pound, farmers who have to estimates he would lose 20 cents to 30 cents buy feed ingredients at current market prices stature of the American family : way of on each chicken when they were broilers. are losing as much as five t:ents a. dozen on life which has truly enriched our com Mr. Clement, who usually produces 60,000 eggs and as much as five cents a pound on munity, State, and Nation. to 90,000 broilers each week, said: "Unless broilers. June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22455
FEED-GRAIN EXPORTS from its soil-uncommonly rich for that man who had fallen alseep at his post. In Chattanooga, George Allen, operational area, an area whose foundation is best The interlopers encountered no difficulty vice president of Loret Farms Inc., said the known for the rocks and boulders that entering the village and burst upon the problem was simply that "our input cost make for fine walls, but not-so-fine farm sleeping villagers. wasn't frozen but our selling price was ing. It is unique in its deep and long run Since the Sheldon home had been frozen." heavily fortified against attacks, many He said, the only thing that will solve the ning interest in its own physical pres7" problem of food shortage in this country is ervation. villagers took refuge here. The house was an immediate curtailment of food-grain As two of its many biographers; Samuel so sturdy and the front door so massive, exports for at least 45 days or until we have Chamberlain and Henry N. Flynt, wrote: the Indians attempted to pierce the door a new-crop production of protein." Deerfield is a treasure that has come down with their hatchets to reach the villagers This is the only answer, he added, "and I through generations and which in our time inside. think I have a 12-year-old son who could is more priceless than ever. But the stout timber prevailed, and ac have figured it out." cording to acco\Ults of that fateful day, Mr. Allen, who expressed some concern This year marks the tricentennial of over getting into trouble with the Humane Deerfield. Beginning Sunday, and for 7 the attacking force gained entry by a Society in disposing of chickens, said he will days thereafter, the town will officially -back passage which had been left open by be drowning some chicks this week, but mark its 300th birthday in earnest. a :fleeing citizen. didn't disclose how many. An ecumenical church service is Today, the "Indian Door" stands as a Industry analysts agree on the export planned for Sunday. mute relic of that raid, now known as the problem. One predicted that unless the gov Deerfield Massacre. ernment acts to trim exports of corn and · Monday has been dubbed "Homecom ing Day'' and to climax that day, the tri Once before, on September 18, 1675, soybeans sharply the supply of broilers by just 2 years after its incorporation by the November could be down 10 % from year centennial play-an original work, "To earlier levels. day's Sun, Tomorrow's Moon," written general court, Deerfield bore the brunt of EGG FARMERS for the occasion by James Percival-will a "massacre." Meanwhile, egg farmers also are taking open for a 4-day run. On that day, a train of ox-carts, filled steps to cut operating costs, including culling On Tuesday, a promenade, fashion -with needed supplies, fell prey to a large their flocks and moving older, less produc show and strawberry festival will keep force of hostile Indians as the caravan tive hens to slaughtering plants much sooner the townspeople well occupied. attempted to ford a tributary of the Con than usual. On Wednesday, the citizenry has been necticut. Don Turnbull, vice president of the Poultry called to turn out for an all-day old The toll that day, also, was a frightful and Egg Institute of America, said: "If farm one--64 men killed. The stream now ers could see any hope that the price ceilings fashioned "beef barbecue" with the main would be lifted and that a profit could be course comprising beef raised expressly bears the name "Bloody Brook" in com made when new-crop feed becomes available, for the meal on Deerfield farms. memoration of the battle and the blood then they would expand production. But no Two days of historic home tours are that colored those waters that day. body sees that happening at the moment." planned for Thursday and Friday. More than 50 old buildings in Old Deer In Washington, Agriculture Department Saturday will be known as 300-year field Village have been preserved in their officials hadn't any comment on the killing day and a memorial plaque will be dedi original state, most on their original of chicks and destruction of eggs. However, cated in official ceremonies. sites. Many are now provided with tender the department's latest summary of the loving care by. three organizations, His poultry and egg situation, released on Fri ·The week-long festivities will build to day, said broiler, turkey and egg output this a crescendo on Sunday, July 8 with a .toric Deerfield, Inc., the Pocumtuck Val summer will lag behind year-earlier levels gala parade and annive~sary finale. ley Memorial Association, and Indian while prices will continue well above those Needless to say, Mr. Speaker, I intend House Memorial, Inc. of recent years." In addition it said, spiral to be on hand to join in the good times. . Preservation, rather than restoration ing feed costs in recent weeks· may keep out I wish that many of my colleagues could has been the hallmark of the efforts in put reduced next fall." join me in Deerfield next week to par Deerfield, home of the first attempt at Without the June 13 price-freeze order, ticipate in the multitude of activities or historic preservation in the United broiler, egg and turkey prices "would have States. advanced further during the summer," the merely to visit this lovely spot. If you did, summary said. It reported egg production I have no doubt you would quickly en Within Old Deerfield Village is located for the year through May 31 at 6 % below the dorse my opinion that nowhere may be one of the Nation's finest preparatory like 1972 period. Broiler marketings were found more perfect testimony to the schools. The tradition of quality that is down 2% in the period. beauty and strength of New England. fo\Uld in the houses of Old Deerfield en The township of Deerfield is divided dures also in the fine education offered at into distinct areas; one is the section Deerfield Academy. known as south Deerfield, a growing Many generations of school boys have HAPPY 300TH ANNIVERSARY commercial and residential area, the been enriched by their stays at Deerfield TO DEERFIELD, MASS. other is the Village of Old Deerfield, a since the founding of the academy in national historic landmark. Every home 1797. HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE in this section tempts the visitor to linger I do not think that any alumnus would OF MASSACHUSETTS and imagine the life in the early days of disagree with me that if the late Frank IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES New England. There is value to these Boyden had not arrived at Deerfield musings, for they encourage one to keep Academy in 1902, education would not Thursday, June 28, 1973 the past, present, and future in perspec be the life of Deerfield as it is today. Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, as we ap tive. In his more than 60 years as head proach our national bicentennial, there There is one house in Old Deerfield master, he, along with the able help of are certain places that give us insight Village that particularly enchants me. I his wife, Helen, made Deerfield Academy into the past and refuge from the pres can look at this house and better .under one of the most highly respected pre ent. One of these is Deerfield, a town of stand the determination and independ paratory schools in the United States." 3,800 citizens, located in my First Con ence of those early American settlers. Frank Boyden came to Deerfield with gressional District of Massachusetts. - This home belonged to John Sheldon many· new and invigorating ideas ·and-in To me, Deerfield is the jewel of the re i,n the early 1700's. Today, a replica carrying them out, gave the town of maining small New England commu stands as a memorial to the noble de Deerfield its 20th-century fame. nities. Nestled in the valley of the Con fense many early settlers put up against But Deerfield is not the only fine school necticut River in the heart of Franklin the ordeals of frontier living. in the community. The superb Eagle County, it is both a typical and an atypi Visitors today can see a hole in the brook School for Boys from grades six cal representative of the species known original door of this large and impres through nine and the excellent coeduca as the New England town. sive house. This hole is a dramatic re tional Bement School for children ages It is steeped in the history of courage minder of an Indian raid that left near 5 through 14 are also located within the and independence that made this Nation ly 50 villagers dead and over 100 captive. ownship. . This is in addition to a fine great. In that, it is typical of many of At daybreak on February 29, 1704, a public school system with both grammar our fine New England communities. horde of Indians and Frenchmen crept schools and a regional high school. It may draw its atypical attributes into Deerfield, \Uldetected by the watch- While the Village of Old Deerfield has 22456 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 preserved the era of the 17th and 18th letters from parents of autistic children. t im e she requires work. I could go on with centuries, the history of soutr.. Deerfield Today, and for the further information ot her examples but I think enough is in typifies the activity in many parts of the of my colleagues, I would like to reprint cluded to show that in addition to unmeas East in the 19th and early 20th centuries. some of those letters, particularly those urable heartbreak, a great financial burden That period, of course, saw a great influx is imposed on the patients. which deal with the high costs of the I appreciate this opportunit y to communi of imigrants to our shores. Attracted to autistic child remaining at home. The cate with you and thank you for your kind Deerfield by its uncharacteristically rich, costs incurred by these parents, even for consideration. fertile farmland were many former resi dental care for their children, are exor Ve1·y t ruly yours, dents of Europe, predominantly Eastern bitant. There is no way that a family ~an Europe. meet these costs and still have enough These new citizens rejuvenated the left over to provide adequately for the OCTOBER 26, 1971 . town of Deerfield; infused it with new rest of the family. .MICHAEL HARRINGTON, blood. The letters follow : Representat i ve, State House, . They came to farm, and still today OCTOBER 22, 1971. Boston, Mass. many of their children, and grandchll DEAR REPRESENTATIVE HARRINGTON; I am DEAR MR. HARRINGTON; We are the parents writing to you in regard to the great need of a four-year-old daughter, who has been dren till the Deerfield soil, producing diagnosed encephalographic, autistic, men lush crops. In addition, the University of of a National Health Insurance for mentally ill children. tally ret arded, and emotionally disturbed. Massachusetts sows its experimental As the mother of an autistic boy, I am Our trips to the neurologist and pediatri crops in south Deerfield soil. finding it very difficult to pay for his medi cian are quite frequent, and at one time she South Deerfield is not without its own cal and dental care without aid. My son js was taking four prescriptions a day. scenic beauty. Mount Sugarloaf, the non-verbal. Because of this handicap when We were also sent to the Putnam Chil highest peak in the Pocumtuck Range, he is ill, I have no way of knowing what or drens' Center for psychiatric evaluation, and offers a panoramic view of neighboring where he is having pain. I cannot afford to our insurance company paid a grand total of guess. This always results in a visit to the $10.00 on a $350.00 bill. towns. We are also forced to send her for nursery Progress has not passed Deerfield by hospital. With normal children an accident requir and therapy at the Cerebral Palsy Center in rather it has treated it more kindly than ing stitches can be done quite quickly and Lawrence (they are also equipped to handle most communities. simply. The mentally-ill child needs to be other handicapped children) because there Currently the town is experiencing a asleep; therefore, there is the added expense isn't a state program for her at present. With period of rapid population growth. Those of operating room, anesthesia, and an over out assistance, we are paying approximately who work at the nearby great educa night stay in the hospital. $130.00 per month for this education. We Recently we had a dentist bill of eight feel this is necessary until another appro tional institutions, the University of priate program is available. She had been hundred dollars ($800.00) due hospitaliza Massachusetts, Amherst College, Hamp to :refused at the state program at the Fernald shire College, and Smith College, are in tion. We are struggling to hold on to our School. home and keep up with all the other financial increasing numbers calling Deerfield obligations. We are also having to send her to a special "home." Your kind interests in this vital matter dentist dealing with children who do not All this tricentennial year a torch will is greatly appreciated. communicate. I do not have facts regarding burn in Deerfield. The flame was brought this expense whereas she is having her first Sincerely yours, appointment on Nov. 4. But, I know that our to Deerfield by Andrew T. Delisle, presi insurance company, which is Washington dent of the Indians of Quebec. The torch National, will not cover such dentistry. OCTOBER 28, 1971. was ignited on February 16 for a "com As you can see, the expense of having a mon purpose, that of responsibility, un Hon. MICHAEL J. HARRINGTON, House of Representatives, handicapped child is great, and the insur ance program we have does not help us with derstanding, re:fiecting the dignity and Washington, D.C. worth of all mankind." Sm: I am the parent of a severely emo this special type of coverage. We are begin A famous Massachusetts native son tionally disturbed fifteen yeat: old daughter. ning to feel the pressures of financial burden, Her conditions has also been described at and we wish you much success in obtaining and our sixth President, John Quincy insurance coverage for children with such Adams, once wrote that Deerfield was various times as autistic, both terms being a spe!:ial needs. "not excelled by anything I have seen." form of mental illness. She has been so Sincerely, I am sure you could apply his words to affilcted since birth. The Association for Mentally Ill Children that great demonstration of brotherhood, (AMIC) has informed me that you are spon as symbolized by the torch of peace and soring a national health insurance plan and OCTOBER 25, 1971. friendship, in Deerfield today. that you would be inte~ested in knowing of GENTLEMAN: I am writing in regards for Mr. Speaker, I now enthusiastically the needs of these children and their parents Health Insurance for Emotionally Disturbed ask my colleagues to join with me in in connection therewith. Children. Children of this nature involve wishing the town of Deerfield, Mass., a As you may know, these have been the quite an extensive medical and dental ex very happy 300th anniversary. "forgotten children" of America. Their par pense. A regular dentist will not take him so ents have struggled almost alone in attempt I have to take him to the Children's Hospital ing to better their lot in life. Although not Dental Clinic which charges more per visit. counting the cos.t, in an effort to aid them When he had to have fillings he had to go to we have found that like most unfortunates, the hospital and stay two days. LETTERS FROM PARENTS OF the attempted cure has been expensive, very He has more white corpuscles than red so AUTISTIC CHILDREN often to the detriment of the remaining chil he has to get blood tests every year. He also dren. I believe that these expenses should be has to have evaluation tests, E.E.G.'s and included in a bill such as yours. It would attend Seizure Clinic. seem that such a bill is justified only if costs As you can see Health Insurance would al HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON such as these are reimbursed. leviate this financial burden. OF ~SACEnJSETTS The following are several examples of what Yours truly, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I mean. She was unable to attend public school and our only choice was to keep her at Thursday, June 28, 1973 home or send her to an institutional school OPEN STATEMENT TO THE SPONSORS OF FEDERAL Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker; pre out of state. We felt she was an integral part LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR NATIONAL HEALTH viously, during my daily inserts during of our family and only we could offer her a INSURANCE chance at a normal life. We prevailed on a SEPTEMBER 1971. National Autistic Children's Week, I nursery school-kindergarten in Roxbury to have spoken of the emotional burdens GENTLEMEN: It has come to my attention accept her at age 6 and allow her to spend that the proposed federal legislation provid-· the parents of autistic children must the day wit.h normal children and develop as ing for a National Health Insurance Plan face. An additional burden to which I much as possible. This went on for only six does not, at present, include full coverage have alluded very briefly is the cost of years at a cost of approximately $1,000.00 per for treatment of mental illness. This is, in caring for an autistic child. This addi year. She was on expensive medication dur my view, a serious tlaw that will only serve tional financial burden is a constant ing this time (and since) which could be to compound the most grievous failure in tallied, I suppose, into the thousand(s) the present practice of American medi_cine. drain on the income of the family. dollars bracket. We have been able to find Anyone familiar with the National Health Two years ago when I testified before only one dentist who will treat her but this Programs of European countries (Sweden, the House Ways and Means Committee requires an anesthetist and other attendants· Denmark, Germany, for instance), can surely on national health insurance, I included leading to a bill of $200.00 or $300 .oo each attest to you from experience that financial June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22457 coverage for mental 1llness is of critical so It is absurd to demand that these fam signed while Brezhnev is here. More impor cial and medical importance. ilies continue to bear the costs at a risk tant than any one agreement is the develop The fact of mental illness alone has a de· of financial bankruptcy. Congress as a ing relationship between the two nations, structive effect upon the family unit. The and the hope is that the momentum will prognosis is usually uncertain and with it body can enact national health insur continue, producing additional agreements comes the kind of despair that drains confi ance legislation that will help absorb and strengthening cooperation. Military con dence and hope and makes one fear the fU• these costs and insure that the children frontation is not ruled out, and the guard ture. And it is at that time of distress, when receive adequate and proper care when must be maintained, but with each new one is least able to cope with it, that our they need it, not when they can atiord it. area of cooperation, confrontation becomes system places on the family a huge and al· The Kennedy-Griffiths bill, of which less likely. most intolerable burden of expenses. The Brezhnev speaks for a country remarkable emotional shock, in other words, is com I am a cosponsor, would go far in assist for its mixture of strengths and weaknesses. pounded by a prolonged threat to the ma ing these families and providing the The military power of the Soviet Union is terial resources of the family. I cannot imag autistic children with the treatment that comparable to that of the U.S. Its economy lne that this is medically defensible and the they need. This Congress can go even has been capable of great achievements, social destruction caused by this depressing farther and provide mental health cov like Sputnik, the first manned space fiight, burden is, as you must be aware, very severe. erage to all Americans so that this Na and 1,500 mph jet aircraft. But development You may perhaps have sensed that I am tion will be both mentally and physically has been lopsided, with housing desperately speaking here from personal and very pain sound. My proposal, H.R. 6152, the Men short (the average Soviet citizen lives in ful experience. Because of unsuspected and about one-fourth the space of the average undetected injuries at birth (we could not tal Health Act of 1973, would assure the American), agricultural production faltering, afford private medical care at that time) , quality of mental health in this country. consumer goods often shoddy and hard to both of our boys are afflicted by severe emo I urge my colleagues to support these get, and a top-heavy bureaucracy unable to tional and speech impairments resulting proposals which create a rational sys generate enough good technology to propel from brain damage. They cannot live in a tem of health care. the Soviet economy forward. Under Brezhnev regular social setting and need special school there has been a steady erosion of personal ing. When they were less than three years and intellectual freedom, not like the days old we began to seek treatment for them. of Stalin, but stifiing enough. The costs of private therapy, extending over Brezhnev's Russia is powerful but insecure, a period of years, were so great that I could LEE HAMILTON'S JUNE 27 WASH- proud of its accomplishments but wanting not even begin to defray them from my sal INGTON REPORT, ENTITLED badly the technology of the West. Its lead ary. My wife was thus compelled to work "BREZHNEV'S VISIT" ers want to preserve the political system full-time, even at highly irregular hours, in while importing and adopting the latest order to pay the bills from clinics and psy technology to encourage economic growth. chiatrists. And she had to do this at a time They have decided that the best way to when she herself was suffering from serious HON. LEE H. HAMILTON achieve this is by moVing toward relaxation ftts of depression and needed medical at OF INDIANA of tensions with the U.S., and they are will tention and therapy. We spent well over ten IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing to make concessions to get it, e.g. by thousand dollars on psychiatric therapy allowing more Jews to emigrate and welcom alone. Thursday, June 28, 1973 ing President Nixon to Moscow right after he After waiting for· many years, we were fi ordered the mining of the Haiphong harbor. Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, under I watched Brezhnev this week with nally fortunate enough to find a residential the leave to extend my remarks in the children's clinic that would accept our boys strongly piixed emotions. He occupies and offer then treatment and schooling dur RECORD, I include the following: my June Czechoslovakia, suppresses freedom of ing the week. But with this the financial 27, 1973, Washington report, entitled thought, undermines American political po problems did not end, of course. The State of "Brezhnev's Visit." sitions, and causes us enormous expenditures Massachusetts bills us for $80 a day for these The report follows: of resources. At the same time he is also reaching for some kind of accommodation, services. Since my daily income is less than BREZHNEV'S VISIT $40, I cannot possibly hope to meet these and his attitudes and the agreements he has Few foreign visitors to Washington have approved are hard evidence that the times expenses. My debts to the state are rising captivated this city like Soviet Communist steadily and must by now amount to $60,000. have changed from the Cold-War days of im F'ortunately, the Department of Mental Party General Secretary Leonid L Brezhnev, placable hostility. Health has charity enough not to enforce the son of a steelmaker, lifelong Communist These contradictions cannot be fully re payment. But the laws clearly state it could Party official, and now at age 67, even though sol"ed. The American-Soviet relationship will do so and could thus lay claim to whatever he holds no government office, the preeminent continue to be tense, competitive, and un assets I have or may have in the future. This, leader of 250 million Soviet citizens by virtue stable. There will be some cooperation, some gentlemen, is a miserable way to live, espe of his Communist Party office. con:fiict. Our defense effort will have to con cially when one is used to paying one's bills At an assemblage of Washington's elite, tinue even as we reach out for more dialogue and feels guilty when one cannot. And when President Nixon admiringly calleci him "the and expanding cooperative ventures. and where will it end? I may still have to best politician in the room." His burly, provide for these children twenty or thirty bushy-browed figure has dominated the years from now unless they do recover. newspapers and the TV screen. His four-hour I therefore urge you to include the cover performance before Congressional leaders RECORD OF LIBERALISM age for treatment of mental illness-diag drew high praise even from those seasoned nosed as such by a certified medical board public men, and in every public appearance in your projected health plan. What a relief he has shown himself confident, affable and it would be to pay a premium of let us say, cooperative. Meeting him in person or on the HON. RICHARD BOLLING $150 a month and then feel entitled to medi TV screen, Americans have had to remind OF MISSOURI cal care without incurring a burden of fi themselves that he has been a ruthless and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crafty practitioner of power politics in the nancial guilt. And as far as potential abuse Thursday, June 28, 1973 is concerned (upper-class couch psychiatry, Kremlin. for instance), I am sure that any competent His visit symbolizes a change in the direc Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, John P. tion and mood of Soviet-American relations. physician can tell genuine mental malfunc Roche has some interesting comments tion apart from social or emotional affecta Fourteen years ago, when Nikita Krushchev tion. was here, tension and distrust characterized on the record of liberalism during the I beg you earnestly to consider my plea. the visit, and despite lofty rhetoric and "the past 30 years in his column which ap Sincerely yours, Spirit of Camp David," no agreement was peared in the AFL-CIO News of June 23. reached on an arms limitation, trade was It follows: non-existent, and whatever progress was A WORD EDGEWISE; 30 YEARS OF LIBERAL This last letter is perhaps the most made in easing tensions evaporated the next year with the U-2 spy plane downing over EFFORTS PRODUCE SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS moving, especially in the fourth para (By John P. Roche) graph when the author-apparently of the Soviet Union. Krushchev talked about burying the U.S., competition was fierce, and In a weak moment five months ago, I two autistic children-writes that he is actual conflict never far from the surface. agreed to give the commencement address now $60,000 in debt and can see no end Brezhnev comes preaching, not con:fiict, at a nearby college. June seemed remote and in sight. but cooperation and interdependence. Each the task manageable. However, at the mo Mr. Speaker, it is time that this body country, knowing that it cannot destroy the ment I am neurotic and depressed: June is here, D-Day and H-Hour are almost upon me. act to help alleviate this situation, not other without being devastated itself, em phasizes cooperation over conflict. In 1972, I am contemplating fleeing the country. only for this gentleman, but for all Amer more American-Soviet agreements were You see, I have two maJor difficulties. First, icans who are parents of autistic chil signed than in all the years since diplomatic for more than 20 years now I have sat with dren. negotiations began. Six or seven more will be the faculty and listened to commencement CXIX--1416-Part 17 22458 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 speeches. By and large, they have been awful; PERSECtrriON OF JEHOVAH'S WIT witnesses in Malawi. So they were forced to the amount of drivel I have heard (or tuned flee for their lives. out) defies description. For the students and NESSES IN MALAWI All of thts came about as the direct result their families it doesn't make much differ of official actions taken by Malawi's one ence-they are just waiting to get those party government. Matthew White, a corre diplomas. HON. ROBERT J. HUBER spondent for the London Financial Times, For them it is a one-shot affair, but the OF MICHIGAN was in Malawi at the time. Writing from faculty is condemned to the cruel and un IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Blantyre, he said the following, which was usual punishment of returning to the tor published in the Financial Times on Octo ture chamber year after year. As one who has Thursday, June 28, 1973 ber 31: taken this beating, I am already empathiz Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, a four part "The purge of Jehovah's witnesses ... has ing with the faculty that must listen to -'me. article printed in "Awake," March 8, unsettled the county more than any other My second problem is that my topic is so post-independence event. Action against the obvious. All over the nation commencement 1973, should be noted by all who deplore Christian sectarians ... followed a resolution speakers have been exploring the moral violations of individual rights. The case passed at the annual convention of the Ma meaning of Watergate and calling for a re in point involves the rights of members lawi Congress Party to deprive Witnesses of vival of civic virtue, a renaissance of Amer of a minority religious group, the Je their livelihood and have them 'chased away' ican values, and similar high-minded ob hovah's Witnesses, who were living in from their villages unless they joined the jectives. But where I come from whenever the African country Malawi. party." anyone, except a man of the cloth, starts Members of the Jehovah's Witnesses Those resolutions were endorsed by the talking about "virtue," we lock up the silver. believe that it is improper for them to president of Malawi, Dr. H. Kamuzu Ban It's like talking about how "tough" you participate in the political process. The da, in a rally at the city of Zomba on Sep are--one of President Nixon's less attractive tember 17. With what result? Correspondent topics. The most virtuous people I have Malawi Congress Party is the only po White reports: known were incapable of self-advertisement litical party in Malawi-if indeed it can "Seeing this speech as the green light, just as the toughest would have considered be called a political party when one con squads from the party's League of Malawi it demeaning to boast about the "blade tem siders that there are no other parties. Youth and the Young Pioneers started pered by the heat." The party passed a resolution forcing the house-to-house searches, evicting and some So Watergate and virtue are out. What then Witnesses to join the party or be driven times assaulting Africans who could not am I going to talk about? Well, at the risk of from the villages. The choice the Wit produce or refused to buy party member sneers from the intelligentsia, I am going to ship cards. It is difficult, perhaps impossible, compare the United States of my childhood nesses made was to exercise their in to gauge the full extent of this violence ; .. and adolescence with the country today. alienable right to refuse to participate in "What astonishes many people here-in Thirty years ago this month I graduated politics. This brought about the out cluding some members of the M[alawi) from college-in absentia. I was marching break of persecution against them-not C[ongress) P[arty]-is that President Ban through the dust and mud of Virginia with a the first; only the latest. Murder, beat da should allow the hostility to get so com rifle on my shoulder. ing, and looting characterized the proc pletely out of hand." In the subsequent 30 years, I submit, the ess. The savagery of the attacks caused a w::we United States has undergone one of the most of revulsion on the part of many people fantastic transformations in the history of A comparison can be made between throughout the world. The press of many na any nation. the Malawi incident and the case of the tions reacted similarly. Typical of many press The world I grew up in was Uljashamedly Amish in America. The Amish also wish reports was this comment by the London racist. I didn't know the word Negro existed to remain apart from the political proc Times of December 15, 1972: until I was about 15 (which may explain why ess. In our relatively free country, they "Hitler put them in concentration camps, I have some problems with "black," which is are generally allowed to abstain. they have been persecuted behind the iron currently the chic designation). Negroes, I hope the following article will be curtain, and they have been persecuted in however, were not alone: the polite words read by my colleagues: African one-party states. Dr. Banda of Ma Jew, Italian, Pole were equally unfamiliar. lawai banned the sect in 1967, and this year (As I mentioned here a while ago, I don't WHAT Is HAPPENING the savage attacks of his Young Pioneers think Archie Bunker is funny; he is a throw In recent months the world press has re the Kamusu's party watchdogs-have driven back to an America that is best forgotten.) peatedly called attention to the persecution thousands of them into neighbouring coun In 1940, Margaret Truman tells us, her of Christians in Malawi. These Christians, tries." father's opposition in Missouri started a story Jehovah's witnesses, have been the victims Appeals were made to stop the persecution. that his middle name was Solomon, that he of what London's Sunday Telegram of Janu But these did not prevail. So, as the Times was a quarter Jewish. And, of course, stories ary 14, 1973, called "one of the most vicious noted, Jehovah's witnesses were forced to about Franklin D. "Rosenfeld" were legion. religious persecutions in Africa's turbulent flee Malawi for their lives. history." I went to war in a Jim Crow army. With a THE ISSUE Regular readers of Awake! magazine are few token exceptions, the Negroes were put in In an editorial on October 17, the San labor battalions, invariably in my experience familiar with many of the details of this per secution, which broke out most recently in Francisco Examiner said of Jehovah's wit officered by southern whites. They might as nesses: "You might regard them as model well have served on the chain gang. the latter half of 1972. The December 8 issue citizens. They pay taxes diligently, tend the of Awake! carried a full report on this, en The nation of my childhood rejected the sick, battle 111iteracy. But they refuse, on principle of community, th.} view that titled "Christians Flee Cruel Persecution in Malawi." religious principle, to buy membership cards Americans had obligations to their less for in Malawi's single political party." tunate neighbors. There was no unemploy That report covered the events that had taken place up to a few months ago. But Thus, the immediate cause of this persecu ment compensation, no legitimation of trade tion is the refusal of these Christians to join unions, no social security, no minimum wage, what has happened since then? Where does the situation now stand for these Malawian the political party that controls Malawi, the no child labor law governing the whole coun Malawi Congress Party. They will not pur try (a few states had adopted reforms). At Christians? chase the party cards, as is demanded of the risk of sounding like a candidate for Before we bring events up-to-date, a brief them. This is because of their Bible-based Congress, I would continue the list: no Med summary of what has taken place in Malawi neutral stand on politics. icare, Medicaid, federal aid to education, may help readers who are not familiar with · In this regard, they do just as Jesus Christ civil rights acts, voting rights acts. the situation. and the first-century Christians did. Ask In the view of the Uriah Heeps in the WAVES OF INTENSE PERSECUTION yourself: What political faction, whether Nixon Administration all these measures rep Intense persecution of Jehovah's witnesses Roman or Jewish, did Jesus join? What polit resented a federal intrusion on the rights of on a national scale began in Malawi in 1967. ical faction did the apostles join? The Bible state and local governments. (However, I Then many Witnesses were savagely beaten is clear on this point. They did not join any doubt if we will hear much more of this: and some were murdered. Hundreds of their of them. They remained neutral, peacefully they are currently discussing other kinds of women were raped, some repeatedly. Thou carrying on their Christian activity as decent, intrusions with the federal grand jury.) sands of their homes, stores and places of law-abiding citizens. The proposition, however. is historically worship were looted and destroyed. Their To try to explain such matters to the au preposterous: the national government as christian activity, including their peaceful thorities, every effort was made by Jehovah's sumed jurisdiction because in the view of meeting to study the Bible, was banned, as witnesses. Cables, letters, phone calls and in the people it was the only level on which was all their literature. terviews were used. The Governing Body of liberal principles of justice, equality, free Last year, 1972, another wave of persecu Jehovah's witnesses in Brooklyn, New York, dom, and simple decency could be imple tion broke out. This time it was even more cabled a request to Dr. Banda asking him to mented. severe than the one in 1967. The beatings, have a meeting with representatives of the In short I'm not ashamed of the liberal burnings, lootings, rapings and murders were Governing Body of Jehovah's witnesses. But record, and I hope that the young people on a much larger scale. The Witnesses were the Malawi government simply answered that whom I am commencing can look back when deprived of their livelihood and fired from any information should be sent through the they are 50 and see a comparable record of their jobs. Indeed, a countrywide effort was Malawi delegate to the United Nations. · accomplishment. made to destroy the some 23,000 of Jehovah's This was done. A thirteen-page memoran- ~une 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22459 dum was sent to this U.N. representative. It Zambia. Such a move was not objection What awaited them was another reign of explained the position of Jehovah's witnesses, able to them. But they were not told the terror. Nothing had changed. The vicious at and why no government should fear them. In truth. The actual destination was Malawi. titude against them still prevailed. Malawi's a section of this letter under the subheading That the Witnesses were deceived as to government had taken no steps to alleviate "Why .Jehovah's Witnesses Refuse to Buy the destination· is clearly documented. Over the situation. Party Cards,'' the following was stated: one hundred interviews with Jehovah's wit RETURN TO MALAWI "The position of Jehovah's witnesses in nesses who were actually involved have When the Witnesses arrived at Lilongwe this matter is based on Biblical teaching and proved this conclusively. According to Lon Airport in Malawi, those who were known to their conscience. Jehovah's witnesses take a don's Sunday Telegraph, they had been told neutral position in all countries of the world, that their destination was another camp in be leading overseers were arrested and put not taking sides or participating in any poli in jail. Among these were John Chiwele, who Zambia: had been supervisor of the camp at Sinda tical activities, thus better to serve impar "On December 20, 21 and 22, a fleet of 52 tially as ministers of good news representing Misale, and Lazarus Chirwa, who was his lorries and 13 buses driven by Zambians ar assistant. the heavenly kingdom of Jehovah God." rived at Sinda Misale. According to an Commenting on the matter of political in African journalist who visited the camp . . . At the airport, the Witnesses were ad volvement that would result from buying Jehovah's Witnesses were told to board dressed by Malawi government officials. One party cards, this section also noted: transport for another camp in Zambia." of these was Mr. Kumbweza Banda, minis "Jehovah's witnesses respect and observe The United Nations representatives did ter for the Central region. Another was Mr. the laws of each country in which they · Quaniso Chibambo, minister for the North nothing to thwart the deception. In fact, ern region. The Witnesses were told that they reside as long as these laws are not contrary they became a party to it. The Times of Zam to the divine law. However, in the matter of had left Malawi of their own will, which was bia stated on December 23: untrue; and that they had returned to Mala political involvement, which includes the "The 19,000 Watchtower refugees who have purchase of political party membership wi of their own will, which was equally just been repatriated to Malawi 'were happy untrue. cards, they conscientiously feel that this to return to their country.' This was stated would be contrary to the words of our Lord yesterday by UN High Commissioner for The officials next said that the Witnesses Jesus concerning his true followers: 'They Refugees, Dr. Hugo Idoyaga. . . . would have to go back to their respective are no part of the world, just as I am no "Dr. Idoyaga said he and a director of the villages and buy party cards. When one of part of the world.' (John 17: 16) Also, UNHCR from Geneva, Mr. Skodjoe Dazie, had the Witnesses tried to say a word to the of Christ said, as recorded at John 18: 36: 'My helped supervise the voluntary repatriation." ficials, he was told to shut up. Policemen and Young Pioneers, the militant youth kingdom is no part of this world. If my About two weeks later, the Times of Jan kingdom were part of this world, my attend uary 6 said: "The United Nations high com group of the Malawi Congress party, were ants would have fought.' " missioner for refu.gees in Zambia, Dr. Hugo then instructed to search all the Witnesses. In addition, the Governing Body's letter Idoyaga, said the refugees had been happy They confiscated Bibles, Bible literature, to the representative of Malawi in the to go back.'' passports and all other documents. The Wit United Nations said this: nesses were then told to walk to their vil But that was untrue. The Witnesses did not lages. Those who lived very far away were "Jehovah's witnesses take the same posi want to go back under the conditions that tion as early Christians. The book 'Christ taken in lorries to a place near their area then prevailed in Malawi. Indeed, had they and then told to walk the rest of the way. ianity and the Roman Government' states: not been forced to flee for their very lives, 'The Christians were strangers and pilgrims they would not have gone to Zambia in the When the Witnesses reached their villages, in the world around them; their citizenship first place. That is why the Times of Zambia a few who had relatives were provided with was in heaven; the kingdom to which they had correctly reported earlier, on Decem sleeping accommodations. But the majority looked was not of this world. The conse ber 18, that Jehovah's witnesses "prefer to stayed out in the open and slept there, some quent want of interest in public affairs came remain in Zambia." Also, the London Sun under trees, along with their children. But a thus from the outset to be a noticeable fea day Telegraph said: "Despite the official as worse fate awaited them, and it became evi ture in Christianity.' surances, the Jehovah's Witnesses did not go dent very quickly. An example is noted in "Permit it to be said, however, that Jeho back willingly." the London Sunday Telegraph of January 14, vah's witnesses have no intention or desire Scores of interviews with the Witnesses which reported on a speech that President to interfere with what others do about par who were involve.:! in the transfer verify Banda made over the radio at the beginning ticipation in politics. They are not working this. Following is a summary of the situation of the new year. The report states: against the Government of Malawi or told by these Witnesses: "Banda said the Jehovah's Witnesses ... against the political party. They themselves "First of all, these brothers [that is, Je had been deceived by their own kind, he decline to participate in political matters hovah's witnesses] explained that it is not said, into believing that 'someone called or to purchase political party cards, even true that the brothers who were at Sinda Armageddon would- destroy Malawi on No though it has brought great suffering upon Misale happily agreed to retm·n to Malawi. vember 15 and would build them a new city them, because to Jehovah's witnesses it is The police and other government officials at IJlongwe.' a matter of Bible-based belief and con who supervised the move cheated the broth "Even as he was speaking, Mr. and Mrs. science." ers by telling them that they were moving Gorson Kamanga, middle-aged members of However, to this time, no reply has been them to a new site in the Petauke area. the sect who had been repatriated to their forthcoming from the government of Ma "The offiicals WcJ.ited until all the leading home at Nkhata Bay on the Lake, were being lawi. No delegation has been allowed to brothers and others boarded the buses which stripped naked and paraded tlll.'ough the represent Jehovah's witnesses to the presi were guarded by police, anj then they told streets as, once again, they had refused to buy dent or to other officials of that land. the brothers that they were being taken to party cards. Well over 20,000 of Jehovah's witnesses Malawi." "And, at a village near Lilongwe, another were forced to flee Malawi. Most of them The Witnesses from Sinda Misale were to five 'repatriated' Witnesses had their arms fled to neighboring Zambia. Several thou be taken to a camp in Malawi at Lilongwe. and legs broken in a vicious beating at the sand fled to Mozambique. There, at an old airfield, Malawian officials hands of Young Pioneers. One man had nails and hundreds of Malawian security forces driven through his hands. At Lilongwe Hos pital they were refused treatme.nt because THE REFUGEE CAMP AT SINDA MISALE waited for them. they had no party cards.'' Those of Jehovah's witnesses who fled from How many of Jehovah's witnesses actually Anyone familiar with the teachings of Malawi to Zambia were gathered into a ref arrived there? This cannot be determined ac Jehovah's witnesses will, of course, know ugee camp near the border of the two coun curately at the present time. Eyewitness re that never have they believed or taught that tries. This camp was called Sinda Misale. ports are incomplete. Armageddon is a person. Nor have they ever Several reports, including one by Zambia's One report by the Sunday Telegraph of taught that Malawi would be destroyed on Rural Development Minister, Mr. Reuben London does say this: "On the 60-mile jour November 15, or that a new city would be Kamanga, indicated that about 19,000 of ney from Sinda Misale to Lilongwe . . . built for them there. Jehovah's witnesses were refugees there. thousands abandoned the buses and lorries But such hostility against them fanned Since Zambia had not invited the Wit and fled back into the bush.'' The newspa the flames of persecution. And the issue of nesses into their country, they were treated per also states that an "African journalist party cards was once again thrust at the as unwanted visitors. The camp was isolated travelled all the way to Lilongwe on the last Witnesses. When they refused to buy them by security forces so that there would be no convoy, which had set off with 3,000 refugees because of their neutrality in political affairs, free access to it. from Sinda Misale. Eight buses arrived and vicious attacks began on these Witnesses ... officials from Malawi and Zam only 29 Witnesses disembarked." However, who had been 'repatriated.' such reports have not been confirmed as yet. bia determined that Jehovah's witnesses EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS at Sinda Misale would be sent back to Mala But what can be confirmed is what hap wi. Arrangements were made to do that, un pened to those who did return. The evidence of this comes not just from known to the Witnesses at the camp. foreign newspapers. It comes from Jehovah's BRUTAL PERSECUTION BREAKS OUT AGAIN witnesses themselves who were the victims. THE TRANSFER-A DECEPTION The reluctance of Jehovah's witnesses to Many interviews were held with those In December, Jehovah's witnesses at .the return to Malawi was well founded. This be "repatriates" who had been again engulfed in camp were .told by officials that they were came evident when we learn what happened a wave of terror. going to be moved, but to another place in to those who were taken back. These eyewitness reports show that when 22460 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 the refugees went back to their re~pective Scores of other eyewitness accounts tes (c) Wearing apparel. villages, the chiefs, village headmen, party tify to the same brutal treatment. Every one (d) Petroleum products. officials, as well as government officials, de of the more than one hundred Witnesses in (e) Home appliances. manded that they buy the party cards. Typi terviewed confirmed that absolutely nothing (f) Interest rates. cal are the following examples: had been done by the government to stop the (g) Corporate profits. · One of Jehovah's witnesses, Gilbert July persecution. They all expressed fear$ that the (h) Wages. of Chimongo village, reported: "On January situation would get worse. As a result, many 7. If both sides honor the peace agreement, 3, 1973, a meeting was convened for all vil of them have fied into the bush and out of do you approve of U.S. aid to Indochina, lage headmen in Mchinji district, presided Malawi once more. including North Vietnam, for reconstruction over by Mr. Cheuche, M.P. for Mchinji re purposes? gion. At this meeting it was resolved that if 8. What is the most important issue fac- the Witnesses from Sinda Misale would still ing the Nation today? refuse to buy party cards, then they should JUNE OPINION POLL Age: be dealt with ruthlessly. After this meeting Sex: the Witness brothers and sisters of Kandama Occupation: congregation situated at Chimongo village (whose chief is Duwa) were all chased away HON. WILLIAM E. MINSHALL from their village because they refused to OF OHIO buy the party cards. The brothers and sisters IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES left for the bush." POWER MAN CAN LIVE WITH Witness Rightwell Moses is from Kachijere Thursday, June 28, 1973 village, the chief of which is Mbelwa. Moses HON. LEE METCALF reported that as soon as the Witnesses had Mr. MINSHALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, returned to the village they were savagely herewith is my June opinion poll: OF MONTANA beaten by the youths because they refused CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, to buy party cards. Hastings Mzamo, the Friday, June 29, 1973 presiding overseer of the local congregation Washington, D.C., June 1973. there, was so badly beaten he can no longer DEAR FRIENDS: As Congress heads into the Mr. METCALF. Mr. President, it is now hear well. second half of the First Session, we are evident in America that we must develop Rightwell adds these details to his report: faced with a heavy work load of critical is alternatives and supplements to fossil "Two days after we arrived home, Mr. Mahara sues. It is important that your voice be heard fuels and nuclear energy. One such source Banda, M.P., came to the village and warned to enable me to give our 23rd Congressional the people at a meeting that nobody without District truly representative service in deter is the sun. A second basic energy source a party card should be allowed to stay in the mining national policies. is the wind. A third potential energy village. Then on January 1, 1973, Mr. Mahara The best way I have found to encourage source is solid waste. Another energy Banda brought two youths with him in his a wide-spread, indicative response is through source which needs more emphasis and car. Their last names are Jere and Tembo. He the Minshall Opinion Poll. Combined with the one I wish to discuss today is water parked his car outside the village and waited first-hand information gained in committee hydropower. there while the youths entered the village. hearings, official briefings and House debates, Specifically, today I want to bring to When the youths entered the village they the consensus obtained from these question approached my daughter Joicy and also Sister naires helps me to reach legislative decisions. the attention of my colleagues a French Oliva and demanded party cards from them. As in the past, a copy of this poll is being achievement in the use of tidal power on The sisters, of course, could not produce any, sent to every home in the District. If you the Rance River near the channel Port and so the youths began hitting them with wish additional copies; please call my Cleve of St. Malo in Brittany. The story ap fists. The young sisters were forcibly stripped land office, 2951 New Federal Office Building, pears in the June 11, 1973 issue of The of their clothes and then the youths .began telephone 522-4382. Nation. As its author Karl Keyerleber beating them with sticks in their naked state. Returns run into the tens of thousands so writes: They got hold of the brothers and began beat you can understand why it is not possible for me to answer each one individually. The basic idea is old. For centuries tidal ing them up also. When they got tired they mills have ground corn and done other left for their car, shouting as they were going Should you have any specific question or problem requiring my help, I would appreci chores, but as a source of energy they ranked away that they would return to beat up the somewhere behind windmills. Thoughtful brothers and sisters again. As soon as they ate your sending it separately from the poll to avoid delay in giving your request top planners in many countries have dreamed left, the brothers and sisters fied from the of putting oceans to work on a big scale. village into the bush and then left Malawi." priority attention. No envelope is needed for the attached The French did it, developing a sophisticated Another Witness woman, Likeness Ka generating plant that began operating in 1967 manga, was sent back to her village of Vit self-mailer. Simply cut along the dotted line, fold with return address outside, stamp, and and last year added 560 million kilowatt hando, whose chief is Chindi. She reports the hours to the national grid. following: "Upon arrival at our village we mail. Please do not staple or tape together were invited to a meeting at Bulale. The as this slows the tabulating process. All polls will be carefully tabulated and results made The performance of this St. Malo plant meeting was addressed by Adamson Dindi, has met all expectations. I hope that this district chairman of the Malawi Congress known in a future "Washington Report" Party. This was on January 4, 1973. Twelve newsletter. achievement will encourage us to initiate Witnesses, !ncluding myself, were at this Thank you for working with me to make similar projects on this side of the Atlan meeting. We were all ordered to buy party yours a strong voice in Washington. tic, possibly at Passamaquoddy. We must cards. But we explained that we would not With best wishes, also attempt greater efforts to make the buy any. Mr. Dindi and the others became Sincerely yours, most of other available hydropower so enraged that they ordered us to leave Ma WILLIAM E. MINSHALL, sources, such as those of the Missouri lawi immediately, right then and there. We Member of Congress. Basin. were not allowed to take anything with us. From the environmental standpoint, We all left for the bush in small groups. The MINSHALL OPINION POLL next day, as I was in filght, I was told by my (NoTE.-Each question has yes, no, unde from the operations cost viewpoint, and relatives that one of the Witnesses who was cided choices.) from the standpoint of energy suppliers at the meeting with us the previous day had 1. Do you believe: who need instantaneous peaking power, been killed." (a) The President had prior knowledge hydropower is attractive. In terms of Geleson Esaya, a Witness from Mwelekela of the Watergate break-in? economics it compares favorably also village, relates: "On January 2, 1973, we were (ti) The President knew of or participated with costs of nuclear power, and does invited to a meeting to be held in Mwelekela in the cover-up? not present the problems of nuclear con village. Village headman Lombwa was t.o pre 2. Do you think the President has done tamination. As Mr. Keyerleber points out side. We were twenty Witnesses all together. a good job in foreign affairs? While at the meeting we were ordered to buy 3. Has he done a good job handling do at the end of his article on the St. Malo Malawi Congress Party cards or else face mestic affairs? tidal power facility: death. We explained that we would not buy a 4. Shoud Congress further curtail spend The one clear conclusion we could reach card. Then he ordered us to leave the village ing · ~ o slow irifiation? was that the structure in which we stood is immediately. We kindly but firmly explained ~ 5. If Congress does not keep within the something man can live with. that we wanted a letter from him explaining budget ceiling, should the President refuse the reasons for expelling us from the village . . to spend the furids? . Mr. President, so that my colleagues He refused. We then decided to go to the 6. Phase 4 economic controls, due in Au and others may see the full text of this · Mchinji police station. But instead of listen gust, are under study by the Administration. article by Karl Keyerleber, I ask unani ing to us,_the officer in charge there ordered · Do you favor controls on: mous consent that the article be printed us to return to the vlllage. We therefore had : . (a) Food prices. · in the· Extensions of Remarks. no alternative but to leave Malawi.~' (b) Rent. There being no obJection, the article June ·29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22461 was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, off the rest of the river's width. Most of the leaves one pondering a paradox. Despite the as follows: structure, like an iceberg, is under water. unqualified success of the project, which is POWER WITHOUT POLLUTION: THE TIDAL Central feature of the power station is a described with pride by M. Feuillebois and DAM AT ST. MALO concrete-walled chamber 43 .5 feet from floor others at Electricite de France, there are no to ceiling and more than 1,000 feet long, plans to build more tidal power plants. The (By Karl Keyerleber) like half a dozen great concert halls set end reason is that nuclear plants can be built ST. MALO, FRANCE.-This ancient fortified to end. The floor, we were told, is at the low more cheaply, and the government has de town, fought over in wars from Caesar's time est water level when the tide is out, the ceil cided to take that route. Like the electric to Hitler's, has often seemed to have its eyes ing at about the highest level when the power industry in the United States, the more on the past than the future. But today basin is full. Twenty-four open bays in this French seem to be enamored of fission energy it can boast of one of the most forward long hall contain the turbines that make it and, like the Americans, they shrug off the looking engineering feats of our time-the all function. The turbines are of ingenious peril to the environment of its radioactive harnessing of the ocean tides to produce design, developed especially for this use. fuel. To some the performance of the Rance power without pollution. · Whereas turbines wit.£. w,hich we have been plant is rather an embarrassment. I came to this underdeveloped region .of familiar operate when driven in onty one M. Feuillebois talked about the economics Brittany for a. first-hand look at the result direction, . these are reversible, enabling the of the situation, though we were handicapped of French pioneering because reports had generation of electricity' when the tide comes by a language problem that sadly blurred indicated that it was an unusual example o.f in as well as when it ebbs. Each turbine is nuances. As I understood him, investment man's wise use of natural resources while encased in a bulb-shaped steel shell that cost for nuclear power in France is about 'protecting his environment. I was drawn looks not unlike a small two-man sub half the 600 million francs, or more than to the plant astride the River Ri=mce, · first marine. The generator is inside the shell and $122 million in U.S. dollars, that was spent of its kind, in part because of a strong belief the whole unit remains under water, another on the Rance project. But he drew attention that my own country has made a mistake by departure from usual practice which places to the difference in useful life and operating not acting on a similar plan which would generators above the water level. Besides cost. The Rance facility should last fifty have tamed the towering tides in the Bay of their two-way power production, these ver years, he indicated, adding that the dam Fundy to furnish energy for the East Coast. satile turbiiJ.es also act as pumps for the could be amortized over seventy-five years (See "Passamaquoddy: A Good Idea Is Hard overfilling task. Each has four propeller and the turbines over thirty-five years. And to Kill," The Nation, February 26, 1973 and like blades, about 5 feet wide, of variable there is no cost for fuel or disposal of waste "Reviving Passamaquoddy," The Nation, July pitch design so that they can be set for vary products. A nuclear plant would have only 13, 1964.) ing conditions of tide and river current. In ~ ten-year amortization in France, accord The basic idea is old. For centuries tidal this first installation of its kind half the mg to M. Feuillebois. This seems low and at mills have ground corn and done other blades are of stainless steel and half of a variance with experience in the United chores, but as a source of energy they ranked copper-aluminum alloy. Both metals have States. In any case, such comparisons of somewhere behind windmills. Thoughtful proved highly resistant to corrosion, accord useful life are inconclusive in any language, planners in many countries have dreamed of ing to M. Feuillebois, with the stainless set and only obscure the pervasive issue of safety putting the oceans to work on a big scale. standing up slightly better. to the environment and the extent to which The French did it, developing a sophisticated Operations are programmed daily by a expediency may govern the choices made. The generating plant that began operating in computer, which takes into account varia one clear conclusion we could reach was that 1967 and last year added 560 million kilowatt tions in the tide and river flow at different the structure in which we stood is something hours to the national grid. hours each day and in different seasons. A man can live with. I reached St. Malo, about 200 miles \vest of small staff in a control room just off the Paris, after a five-hour ride through rain large hall throws the switches and monitors washed country with a change at Rennes the operation with the aid of a closed-circuit from the Paris Express. Although three television camera. In the spring, the high . UNFAIR TO B~ LE~ OFF LIST fourths of St. Malo's buildings were des~royed tide may rise 47 feet, sending sea water surg by a German bombing attack and · subse ing at 10-knot speed through the rocky banks quent week-long fire in 1944, the town re that pinch the· rather broad Rance into a : HON .. JEROME R. WALDIE tains much of its picturesque 13th-century narrower channel as it approac~es the gulf. OF CALIFORNIA appearance. The reason is interesting. In With the off-peak pumping arid using the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stead of replacing demolished buildings with four tides each day, the French have been gleaming, modern structures of glass and able to modify the lunar rhythm that ignores F1·iday, June 29, 1973 steel, the tradition-loving residents rebuilt man's need for certain peak-power periods many areas just as they had been, even using and approach the solar rhythm by which he ~r. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, my good original plans_of many of the buildings. customarily works. In other words, they can friend and colleague, ToM RE:Es, has writ Conveniently across the street from the produce power when it is most needed. ten a plaintive condemnation of the re railroad station is the old Hotel des Voy Maintenance work is minor and the plant cently revealed list of '\memies of the ageurs where, as in the custom of French has required no repairs, said M. Feuillebois, White House." Mr. REES asks, quite prop innkeepers, they insisted that I eat all my which is remarkable in view of the innovative erly, what will become of those of us who meals in the hotel's dining room and techniques and equipment used. "In more did not make that list? "1bviously we charged me 6 francs for a bath. On Saturday than six years we have had no repah·s, not have been jeopardized in our political morning a twelve-minute bus ride brought even a turbine blade," he commented. "Both careers by such omission. Obviously there me to the Rance site, where I was met by types of blade are as good as new." Jacques Feuillebois, a former captain in the So pleased are the French with the new will be those who will ask whether our French merchant marine now doing public turbines tha.t a program is under way to in opposition to the President has been relations for Electricite de France, the gov stall siimlar ones for one-way Qperation in sincere since it apparently has gone un ernment utility that built and operates the conventional hydrOelectric stations on the noticed by the White House. It is indeed plant. Accompanying us on a tour of in Rhine and Rhone Rivers. Some officials have embarrassing to many of us and ToM spection were four engineers and a news been quoted as saying that the bonus of the REES expresses our vexation and uneasi paperman from West Germany. more efficient turbines would go far to justify ness quite well. I include his. remarks to At first sight ~he dam appears surprisingly the expenditure for the R~nce plant even if be inc.Iuded with my own: small. It doesn't soar skyward 600 or 700 it didn't perform as they had hoped~ How feet like Western dams in the United States. ever, performance has met all expectations. WHITE HOUSE POLITICAL ENEMIES LIST Slowly one becomes aware of a ·more signif Output is higher than the designed 540 mil UNFAIR icant difference. There 1s no huge acreage lion kilowatts per year and opera.ting costs (By Congressman THOMAS M. REES) under water-no La1.e Mead or Lake Roose are less than for any other type of power John Dean's presentation of the White velt reservoir. At its highest, the water in the plant in the French system. The Rance fa House's "Opponents List and Political basin behind the dam is only a few feet cility doesn't pollute the air, foul the water Enemies Project" at the Watergate hearings above its level before the dam was built. That supply, or disfigure the landscape. Far from has hit congressional Democrats like a bomb increase, explained our guide, is the result of being an eyesore, it has become a tourist at shell. Many of us who assumed that we pumping at off-peak hours, which overfills traction that last year drew about 200,000 would be certified "political enemies" of the the basin and adds to generating capacity visitors, said M. Feuillebois. One small draw White House, who had done everything pos on ebb tide. back is the fact that navigation is somewhat sible to be considered as such, did not make Built into the concrete structure is a rela impeded because small vessels have to be the list. tively small lock. Since the plant is upstream locked through to reach the sea. What is lost Nothing more damaging to Democrats has from St. Malo and its docks, it was not neces in marine activity, however, is made up by yet been presented at the hearings-how can sary to provide for ocean-going vessels. Fish improved land traffic, since a new highway we run for re-election as Democrats when we're not official enemies of the White House? ing, pleasure and other small craft are locked using the dam as a roadway over the Rance through. Besides lock, there gates for What will happen to us in our party primary ~he ~re has lopped 20 miles off the route between elections if our opponents are certified polit controlling the flow of water, the power sta St. Malo and points west of the river. ical enemies who have been investigated and tion itself, and a fixed dike that closes A major negative factor remains and it harassed by the FBI and the IRS? --·-···-··-· ... ···-···--- - -. ~ EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22462 June 29, 1973. .,·~ Apparently the White House is trying to effective foreign policy will render our de Only with a reasonably sound and stable destroy the vast majority of the Democratic fense more potent. dollar can we buy essential materials for congressmen by not putting us on its po An adequate defense must be genuinely defense, such as copper, iron, petroleum and litical enemies list. And the list is grossly and knowledgeably desired and supported many other things. Already we are confront unfair. It is discriminatory and probably 1n by a substantial majority of the American ed with national energy shortages. Without violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It people. copper from Chile and oil from Venezuela, certainly does not come near to following But how many of us know what an ade the U.S.A. and its allies could not have won the delegate selection guidelines adopted by quate defense really involves? World War II. I submit our defense is the Democratic Party for their 1972 conven Let me catalogue a few of the apparently threatened on this count alone. tion. For example, the list only contains six extraneous but nonetheless pertinent, al Leaving aside such menaces as raee riots, white congressmen out of the over 400 white though malevolent influences which present actual mutiny, on some of our carriers, the members of Congress-but all the black con ly are undermining our national defense: Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral Zumwalt gressmen are listed. If this isn't reverse dis How can the average citizen be informed recently declared that we have lost control crimination, what is? accurately on defense by a media biased in of the Atlantic and Mediterranean, and only Eleven senators and three other politicians favor of the left; an educational system by some sort of legerdemain can we hope to are listed. But the political enemies list really largely controlled by radicals; by sex and control far eastern waters for as long as an goes overboard on media people, academics, vulgarity, both profane and filthy, permea other five years. and businessmen. Columns and columns of ting the theater, movies and much so-called Presently we are out-submarined and out them are listed in the newspaper repo1t. literature; by "lib", racial and other move cruisered by the Soviets, who now also are So what's going to happen? ments and demonstrations propagating building aircraft carriers. What's going to happen is that every certi heretofore unmentionable and even unbe Starting in 1959 we permitted the Soviets fied "political enemy,'' especially those in the lievable objectives of all varieties. to gain control over Cuba, only 90 miles off media and academia because there are more How can our citizenry concentrate their our shores. King Philip II of Spain, President of them, will be running against the poor minds on defense or foreign policy when so Jefferson, Admiral Mahan, the greatest stra non-certified Democrat congressmen in the much of our press and TV-sometimes re tegist this country ever had, all have said the Democratic primaries. This is how President luctantly, too often clamorously-belch forth nation which controls the Caribbean and Nixon is going to get even with all of us vivid pictures and accounts of each day's Cuba will dominate the Western Hemisphere. Democratic congressmen who have been vot muggings and murders, kidnappings and sky Such an enemy could land on our gulf coast ing against him for the last four and a half jackings, as crime and narcotics each in and proceed up the Mississippi Valley with years. · timately related to the other have spread ease. To make this whole process of designating and become both a way of life and a reign The Communists headed by the Soviets, political enemies fairer, the President should of terror. with some Chinese and Ghanians, and their establish a. bipartisan commission and at How can the honest citizen give thought to satrap Castro rule Cuba with over 12,000 least have an informal set of ground rules defense and foreign relations, when he is Russian troops. They have built two-lane listing the criteria for choosing political op beleagured by wide-spread corruption and highways through the huge caves underlying ponents. There should also be an appeal incompetence at all levels of government- the island. Over these roads they have con process so that those of us who were left off just take a look at "fun city". veyed and installed medium and long range the list could come before the commission Simultaneously our people have become missiles which can hit any city in the United and make our case by clearly showing that we indifferent to the very real threat to this States. Also on the north coast submarines meet the ~riteria of a certified political nation of communism. Witness, how that can enter underground pens without surfac enemy. diabolical ideology has instigated and sup ing at all outside. ported brush-fire wars all over the globe, These threats to the defense of our land as in Korea and Vietnam, where we spend our result from President Kennedy's mishandling ADDRESS BY HON. SPRUILLE strength and the Soviets, at almost no cost of the Bay of Pigs and the missile crises; plus BRADEN ' in lives or wounded, have a testing labora his agreement with Khrushchev guarantee tory for their arms while we suffer ghastly ing that neither would the U.S.A. invade casualities and mortalities. Cuba nor permit it to be invaded by anyone Finally, how can any one of us contribute else. This last-mentioned iniquitous deal HON. JESSE A. HELMS to building an adequate defense in the face tore in shreds the cornerstone of our foreign OF NORTH CAROLINA of an ever-expanding inflation, resulting policy, the Monroe Doctrine-the most bril IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES from 40 years of governmental extravagance liant diplomatic and security measure ever and welfare-statism? taken by any nation, anywhere, at any time. Friday, June 29, 1973 One of the major and least productive ex Due to our frequently pusilanimous de travagances, foreign aid, amounting to fense and foreign policies during the sixteen Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, there has astronomical billions of dollars, has injured years following President Truman's retire recently come to my hand the text of an the recipient peoples as much or more than ment we find Chile gone Communist and address to the New York state Society of it has the American taxpayer. stealing billions of dollars of our fellow citi the Cincinnati made by the Honorable On March 15, 1972, Secretary of the Treas zens' properties; Peru acting in the same Spruille Braden on February 20, 1973. ury Connally said: "The United States is fas~ion, and all Latin America excepting The intervening months have not in broke". The dollar, once the backbone and Brazil, Paraguay, the Dominican Republic sturdiest of all currencies now is flounder and Nicaragua, gradually aligning themselves validated a single line or a single phrase. against us. It is a speech full of permanent wisdom, ing in a slough not of despond but of de valuations, and is shunned by many coun The U.N. Security Council is encouraging and worthy of being taken to heart by tries. these animosities by planning from March 15 every American. Ambassador Braden has In 1953, when addressing the foreign pol to 21 to convene in Panama. The Communist been one of the outstanding diplomats in icy association I blasted the Bretton Woods and so-called developing countries then Will the history of the Foreign Service, and conference sponsored by 01J! Government, I viciously attack our country as an imperial the rich reservoir of his eX}Jerience has said it was "A conglomerate of keynesians, istic aggressqr. cast up truths which ought to guide our communists, some fellow-travellers and other Already the Israeli foreign minister de future actions as a nation. I commend misguided or ignorant souls" who agreed clared publicly just a few weeks ago that the "To put good U.S. dollars into a pot with United States had sunk to the status of a it to my colleagues. a miscellany of other currencies. They flaunt second or third rate power. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con ed a fundamental economic principle, that I have presented the foregoing in summary sent that this speech by Spruille Braden bad money always drives out good. All we fashion, but must add that while President be printed in the RECORD. humble citizens can do is to cry: "Look out!" Nixon wants and is trying to build an ade There being no objection, the speech Most of you are too young to remember quate defense he is blocked by congressional, was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, that a convertable gold standard, although press and other doves in general along with as follows: not a cure-all, as crises approach sounds an an assortment of misguided idealists, left alarm and acts as a safety value. Over sev ists, fellow-travellers and communists. Your ADDRESS TO THE NEW YORK STATE SocmTY eral decades before 1929, when coupled with help is essential it he is to obtain the req OF THE CINCINNATI BY THE HONORABLE sound monetary and fiscal policies it brought uisite finances and authority, wherewith SPRUILLE BRADEN, FEBRUARY 20, 1973 us a fair degree of security. to increase both manpower and all varieties To ad(lress this patriotic and aristocratic Instead our citizens today are befuddled of armament up to secure levels. society for a second time makes me proud by our modernistic-art-nouveau-currencies, The armed forces must replace permissive indeed. With such a well informed and intel and chatter about "paper gold", a selt-con ness with an espirit de corps, discipline, cour ligent audience, I shall speak !rankly, hop tractrotory name for specia.l drawing rights. age, and the same military bearing our ing thus to win your individual and collec We do know positively that the dollar we now POWs demonstrated when they landed at tive support for some of my ideas on the earn will buy little more than one third of Clark Air Base. inter-dependent subjects of defen~ and for what it did in 1939. Inflation inevitably will The Department of State also must re eign policy. continue until our politicians abandon the turn to its old disciplines, authority and A fully adequate defense will support and inebriating habit of unbalanced budgets and procedures, quickly stopping those who are strengthen a sound foreign policy; and an deficit financing. attemping to destroy professional proficiency June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22463 by converting the f"oreign service association U.S.A. back to adequate defense a.nd effec In 1924, served with distinction as the flag into a labor union. tive foreign policies. ship of the Navy in Europe. She carried Col. When these returns to sanity have been Finally my faith in our country 1s fortl• Charles A. Lindbergh and his plane the accomoUshed the United States again will fled by the words and splrlt of Navy Captain "Spirit of" St. Louis" back to the United occupy the unquestioned status of a first Jeremiah Denton. Jr. Speaking for his: fel States after his triumphant solo flight across r :~.t e power, and so with eternal vigilance, low POW's as he led them aground at Clark the Atlantic. In World Warn, she served as be ready and able to repulse attacks of any Air Base. I conclude as he did: God bless the flagship for President Franklin D. Roose kind from any source. America! velt during the Casablanca Conference. Defense and foreign policy must be based An oil company built the fifth Memphis in on a renewed popular morality, willingness 1944 and she was acquired by the Navy to work and pride o! craftsmanship by em NUCLEAR SUB twelve years later. This fleet tanker carried ployers and employees alike-Le., the work oil to help maintain American DEW Line ethic as expounded by President Nixon. All bases in the AI:ctic in 1957. Converted into of us must stop trying to get something for HON. THOMAS N. DOWNING a floating powerplant, she served in the har nothing, and put an end to repeated strikes, OF VIRGINIA bors of South Vietnam in 1968. slowdowns and sit-ins so fundamentally in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Though she is not the first ship to bear jurious to our nation, and, therefore, our the name Memphis, perhaps SSN 691 iS defense. Friday, June 29, 1973 charged with the most important mission of For many years I have emphasized at every Mr. DOWNING. Mr. Speaker, the new all. The Memphis, with her high speed ca opportunity that the gravest issue facing hu pability, great powers of endurance, and manity-with all the other evils I have listed est in a long line of nuclear attaek sub sophisticated navigation and weapons sys and which extend tbroughout the world-is marines is now under construction at the tems, will be a powerful guardian aga.in.st not nuclear warfare. It is the breakdown in Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock enemy submarines and surface ships. morality everywhere. I further hold that the Co. in my home city of Newport News, Va. In the paradoxical world of the nuclear worst of all immoralities is communism, When christened it will bear the proud age, the Memphis is designed to be a fight which only respects physical force greater name, Memphis in honor o! that great ing ship without peer, part of a deterrent than its own. city in Tennessee. force built with the hope that it is never Ladies and gentlemen, I have drawn a called upon the per!onn those ultimate tasks gloomy, even a pessimistic picture. Yet, in We were honored last Saturday when of which it is capable. the words of the South Pacific song, I re the distinguished senior Senator from From the earliest days of our republic, geo main a "cockeyed optimist," provided the the great State of Tennessee, the Honor graphy and our national interests have called U.S.A. returns to and stands firmly on the able HOWARD H. BAKER was on hand to for America. to play a prominent role as a principles of our christian faith. rn this offer dedicatory remarks at a most im maritime power. Admiral Rickover deserves belief, implemented by a long diplomatic ex pressive ceremony when his charming great credit !or his foresight and persistence perience, I submit the following conclu wife donned the gloves and mask of a in championing the cause of nuclear propul sions on what should be the conduct of our shipyard welder to implant her initials sion, insuring that the Navy will continue as relations vis-a-vis other nations: our far ranging front line of national defense. Foreign policy necessarily may be altered on the keel of the submarine thus au This sound and flexible national defense according to circumstances, time and place, thenticating the keel laying. system is essential to preserve the freedom of but there are certain immutable principles In the great tradition which Tennes our citizens, to dete1: potential adversaries, to which always must outweigh policy. These seans have carried so proudly since the reassure our allies, and to provide the bar principles are: days when the first migration westward gaining power necessary for crucial negotia I. Respect is the sine qua non of all for began Senator BAKER presented a mes tions. eign relations. Irrespective of every other sage o! great national pride. I am pleased All of us, certainly, owe a debt of gratitude consideration and under all conditions, the to o:trer hls remarks for inclusion in the to President Nixon for his remarkable diplo U.S.A. must demand and get respect. To matic achievements built on a sure founda do so we must first have self-respect and RECORD so that they might receive tion of national strength and mutual re exact from our own and other governments proper recognition: spect among the world's great powers. The respect for their obligations and the sanctity EXCERPTS OF REMARKS OF SENATOR HoWARD agreements signed this week represent an of agreements. H. BAKER other significant step toward a more stable rr. The sole reason for being of the state Today we observe with symbolic ceremony structure of pea~e. department and foreign service is to pro the completion of another important step While we must not be lulled into a false tect and advance the legitimate interests in the construction of the Memphis, Amer sense of security, I believe it is realistic to of the U.S.A. I! ever they should become il ica's newest nuclear attack submarine. acknowledge the hopeful new forces at work legitimate, then they are unworthy of this This is a proud occasion for ali Tennes in a world that can afford to spend less of its great nation and should not be supported. seans, and especially all Memphians. Mrs. limited resources on war. III. Every policy and action must be moral. Baker and I are deeply honored to have this Because we have maintained sufficient Leaving ethics to one side, only in this way opportunity to participate in the keel lay strength to see us through a time o! testing, will we win and hold the confidence and ing of this, the latest addition to our na we are now able to look forward to the bene respect from other countries which are so tion's nuclear Navy. fits of an era of detente. Perhaps the most essential for a. solid and enduring amity be It is, I believe, altogether appropriate that dramatiC' evidence can be seen in the alloca tween peoples. SSN 691 will bear the name Memphis. On tion of the federal budget. IV. While never attempting to impose on the bluffs rising above the Mississippi, Mem Four years ago, 44 cents of each federal dol other nations our way of life or form of gov phis stands out as the largest city in Tennes lar was spent on defense and 34.4 cents went ernment, our ideas or even our moral stand see and, indeed, in the entire Southeast. It to meet human needs. This year 30.2 cents ards, we should ourselves stand unswerving is a dynamic and diverse city with a way of is being spent on defense and 47 cents is go ly for and practice the system of republican, life which lives up to its ancient name, "the ing for human needs spending. constitutional, representative government place of good abode." Another dramatic change is evidenced in laid down by the Founding Fathers in the When the Memphis is launched, she will the phasing out of the peacetime draft and Declaration o.f Independence, the Constitu be heir to the legacy of both the city for the creation of our nation's all-volunteer tion. and the Bill of Rights. which she was named and her five proud armed forces. The Navy under Admiral Zum We can adhere to these principles and walt has taken the lead in humanizing mili predecessors of the Fleet. tary life, encouraging more young men and help save our civilization by following the 'l'he first Memphis, a. wooden five-gun precepts set forth by this society's first pres women to freely choose military careers. steamer, was built in 1849. Originally a mer President Nixon has rightly said that we ident general, George Washingtonr still the chant ship. she became the Memphis when greatest President this Nation has had. In chartered by the Navy for an expedition to must remain as strong as we need to be for as his farewell address he laid down the most long as we need to be. To do so demands a Paraguay. continuing evaluation of our defense needs. moral and cogent statement ever made on The second ship to bear the name Memphis We must never be so distracted ~the sup both domestk and foreign policy. 1f with was a. Scottish ship captured with a cargo of moral fiber we will dedicate ourselves to posed attractiveness of worthwhile objec cotton while running the blockade of tives of any program, military or civilian, doing these things then, with God's help, Charleston, South Carolina, in 1862. Com the U.S.A. will defeat communism along that we do not notice the actuality of its per mandeered into service as a seven-gun formance. with many other malignant forces. We will steamer, she saw action as a. Union blockade preserve our freedoms and insure peace for ship in the very waters in which she was At the same time, we must not neglect the our children and grandchildren in, if not real need for maintaining our military de captured. fe-nses at a level needed to carry out our na the best of all worlds, at least in a much The third Memphis was an armored cruiser bett-er one than the present. tional policy of peace tbrough strength. originally named the Tennessee. She was A nineteenth century diplomat once re My confidence in this Nation is further commissioned in 1906 and renamed the augmented becauser as I said to begin with, marked that his nation had no pennanent Memphis only three months before she was allies, only permanent interests. I think it I. am convinced the society of the Cincin lost in. a tidal wave off Santo Domingo in might wen be sa:id that America today seeks nati can and will play an important, con 1916. no permanent adversaries, rather only a per structive and patriotic role in bringing the The fourth Memphis, a cruiser launched manent interest in world peace. 22464 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 REMARKS OF THE HONORABLE garten. I have looked forward with enthu tor to help make Social Security benefits in JOHN BRADEMAS AT THE DEDI siasm, as I know you have, to hearing what fiation-proof in the years ahead. they have to say. And that is why, in the Social Security CATION OF THE ETHEL PERCY Second, I rejoice at the opportunity to talk Amendments of 1972, we provided widows ANDRUS GERONTOLOGY CENTER, to you because of the concern that brings us with 100% of their spouses' benefits and UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALI all together-our common desire to lift the strengthened state public assistance pro FORNIA, LOS ANGELES, FEBRU level of life of the twenty millions of our grams for the aged, blind, and disabled. ARY 14, 1973 fellow citizens aged 65 and over. Despite these actions, nearly 5 million And third, I am pleased at the chance to older Americans, according to a recent Sen speak to you as a Member of Congress with ate report, remain today below the official HON. THOMAS F. EAGLETON a particular responsibility for legislation that level of poverty. So adequate income for the OF MISSOURI affects older persons. aging also remains a problem we cannot IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES I want to argue that the time has come avoid. for us to develop a national policy for the HEALTH CARE Friday, June 29, 1973 aging, I want to speak to you of the response A national policy for older Americans must Mr. EAGLETON. Mr. President, I want of the Executive Branch to Congressional provide as well for the health care of the initiatives in aging policy, and finally, I want elderly. to share with my colleagues an address to suggest that gerontologists and other ex The 92nd Congress included protection delivered by the Honorable JOHN BRADE perts on the problems of the aging can play against retroactive denial of payments under MAS, the distinguished chairman of the .a more effective role in developing legislation Medicare, coverage of kidney transplanta House Select Subcommittee on Educa that affects older Americans. tion and dialysis, as well as authorization for tion, at the dedication ceremonies of the AGE-CENTERED MORALITY Medicare patients to enroll in prepaid group Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center I have said that we need to develop a na health plans. on February 14. tional policy for the aging. But we have a long way to go before older Mr. Brademas' remarks, delivered dur A few days ago, I read some portions of an persons-indeed, before Americans of every ing the time he was sponsoring the Com unpublished manuscript on aging written by age-can feel able to obtain decent health prehensive Older Americans Services Harvey Wheeler of the Center for the Study care at prices they can afford. amendments in the House, constitute a of Democratic Institutions at Santa Barbara, USE OF LEISURE thoughtful analysis of the problems fac and it occurred to me that some of Mr. . ·Yet another requirement of a sound aging Wheeler's suggestions help explain why we policy will be to help make possible leisure ing older Americans, as well as a com need to think ahead about the situation of time activities for the millions of men and prehensive program for attacking those the elderly in the American society. Mr. women who will be retiring at 6o-and at problems in the next several decades. Wheeler predicts, for example, that 25 years earlier ages--over the next three decades. I think, Mr. President, that my col hence, largely as a result of a declining birth A case can be made for readily accessible leagues will be interested in the call of rate, over 50 % of the people in the United senior citizens centers where elderly people the gentleman from Indiana for the de States will be middle-aged or older, with per can receive services they need and enjoy the velopment of a coordinated national haps 30 % of them 65 or over. companionship of others who share their Mr. Wheeler concludes that "although the interests and experience. policy for the elderly. United States is now a youth-centered so I speak too of the need for special programs Says Mr. BRADEMAS: ciety with youth-centered mores, the future in the arts, of libraries, of special educational . Surely, if we do not have a national policy promises ... a reversal of these values. Ma programs for older persons. on aging in 1973, it is imperative that by the turity will assume the role youth has held . In Denver last week, meeting with the Na Year 2000 we fashion a framework within previously with an age-centered morality be . tional Comm!Esion on the Financing of Post which we can consider the questions of in ginning to appear before the end of the 20th secondary Education, of which I am a mem come, health, housing, transportation, nutri- century." ber, I sought to impress upon the other mem . tion, and the other needs of the 29 million I shall not here enumerate some of the bers of the Commission the implications of Americans aged 65 and over who will be liv challenges this demographic development financing postsecondary education in an era ing at the turn of the century. raises for national policy; others here are far when lifelong learning will be more than an Mr. President, I ask unanimous con more qualified than I to do that, but if there educator's phrase but a reality. is any validity to the proposition that older For we hear a great deal today of open sent to print Congressman BRADEMAs' persons will represent an increasingly large .universities, computerized instruction, and remarks in the RECORD. proportion of our population, we must, if we cable television. Let us make sure that these There being no objection, the remarks are to be both sensible and humane, reflect new developments provide opportunities for were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, upon the kinds of policies we require for learning and pleasure to the millions of older as follows: such an era. citizens who will be alive in the Year 2000. AGING IN THE YEAR 2000 And surely if we do not have a national SYNERGISTIC APPROACH (By Congressman JOHN BRADEMAS) policy on aging in 1973, it is imperative that We must as well consider shaping new pat by the Year 2000 we fashion a framework I am honored to have been invited to par terns of housing and transportation for old within which we can consider the questions er citizens and pre-retirement training and ticipate in these ceremonies marking the of income, health, housing, transportation, dedication of the Ethel Percy Andrus Geron counseling for the men and women who will nutrition, and the other needs of the 29 mil- be retiring earlier than any generation in our tology Center at the University of Southern . lion Americans aged 65 and over who will California. history. And we should also look to ways of be living at the turn of the century. providing job training and employment op As I rise to speak, I recall what George And by the way, I am not without support Bernard Shaw once said to his British pub portunities for those who want them. in my contention that we should take a These are only some of the problems that lisher to indicate his displeasure with its more comprehensive look at problems of the printing of one of his plays. Shaw sent a copy concern those of us in Washington who be elderly. Hear these words: "For too long we lieve we must think ahead about the prob of the American edition, which he liked, to have lacked a national policy and commit the British firm with a note that read: "As lems of the elderly in American life. ment to provide adequate services and op And as we look down the road toward what the rooster said to the hen as he placed an portunities for older people.'' ostrich egg before her, 'I am not disparaging, we can expect· in the Year 2000, we must I am not criticizing. I merely want to bring Those of course .are the words of President surely be aware of the inadequacies of our to your attention what has been done by Richard Nixon, spoken in .f\.pril 1970, in pro current piecemeal approach policy for the claiming Senior Citizens Month. others.'" aging. I am pleased to add my own to the many A NATIONAL POLICY FOR THE AGING I believe most of you will agree that a tributes that are being paid to what has been What are likely to be the dimensions of the generation from now, if not today, we are done by the many others who have made national policy for the aging we must have going to require a synergistic approach to the this extraordinary Center possible. by the Year 2000? problems of older Americans, a broader view I think of the thousands of members of the In commenting on this question, I remind of the challenges we are likely to encounter National Retired Teachers Association and you that I shall do so from the perspective as well as of the resources we shall need ef the American Association of Retired Persons; of a legislator, and that I shall speak with fectively to cope with them. of my good friend, Leonard Davis; of Dr. particular reference to the efforts of the Indeed, that is why Democrats and Re James Birren and his devoted staff; and of 92nd Congress on legislation affecting older publicans in Congress united last year to course of Dr. Andrus herself, to whose spirit Americans. support a Comprehensive Older Americans this pioneering enterprise in human inquiry RETIREMENT INCOME Services Bill that would have been a mile is a living memorial. Such a policy should undoubtedly include stone in establishing the type of national policy for the elderly I have been suggesting I am delighted to be with you for a num provision for adequate retirement income. here today. ber of reasons. That is why the 92nd Congress raised So First, I count it a privilege to share the cial Security benefits by 30%, the largest in CONGRESSIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE ELDERLY platform with two such distinguished think crease ever voted by a single Congress, and In speaking of the Older Americans Bill, . ers as Buckminister Fuller and Bernice Neu- why we also approved a cost-of-living escala- I do so in the context of what, in my view, june 2_9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22465
threatens. to be a crisis in the constitutional INADEQUATR BUDGET PROPOSALS I have told you of the opposition, indeed, relationship between the President and Con Still further indication of the President's vigorous hostilityr which has greeted our ef gress. determined opposition to the efforts of the forts for the elderly in the Executive Branch. The impounding of funds duly appropri men and women elected to Congress. Demo Now, beyond your support for our legisla ated by Congress is perhaps the most dra crats and RepublicallS alike, who support tive initiatives, let me tell you one other matic evidence of that looming confronta adequate services for the elderly, Is to be way in which you can help us in .our work. tion for, in asserting his right to impoun~, found in his 1974 budget. I refer to what I believe is the need to the President is arguing not solely that he IS He proposes, first, to add $516 million_ to develop and nurture better linkages between, the only authority competent to c?mbat i~ the out-of-pocket expenses of the 23 million on the one hand, the thinkers and research fiation-a curious contention in VIew of hrs aged and disabled Medicare beneficiaries, by ers on aging probleniS, and on the other extraordinary record of huge budget defi increasing their costs for both hospital stays decision-makers in government. cits-but he goes a giant step down the road and physicians' services, and he would elimi More specifically, we in Congress who deal of destruction of the fabric of our separa nate Federal support for adult dental care with issues that affect the aging must have tion of powers system. under Medicaid. more effective access to the best intelligence NOVEL AND DANGEROUS DOCTRINE Then the President asks that we in Con and information on the subject matter with For the President is now contending that gress acquiesce while he takes an axe to ~he which we deal. he is free to pick and. choose among th?se Administration on Aging budget for train I shall not bore you with a long list of prograniS legislated by Congress, supporting ing:. In place of $8 million dollars this year, the demands upon the time and energies of those he approves and killing off those that he suggests nothing for 1974. elected officials, but let me say simply that do not suit his fancy. He complements that request by propos so many forces converge on a modern Con. In view of the fact that Article I of the ina to slice $1 million from the budget for gressman that he often finds it enormously constitution states that "All legislative pow re~arch and training on aging in the Na difficult to get at the best thinking on the ers herein granted shall be vested in a Con tional Institute of Child Health and Human problems on which he must legislate. gress of the United States", President Nixon's Development. I find this troubling, for it is clearly in present attempts to arrogate unto hiniSelf And finally, he asks us to phase out both the national interest to have public policy these powers represents, as the New York the Mainstream older workers program in examined in the most searching way and Times warned last Sunday, a novel and dan- the Department of Labor and the Senior with the most relevant and accurate data gerous doctrine. . . Opportunities and Services (SOS) program at hand. It is a doctrine, clearly, which reflects Pres targeted on the elderly poor within the Office I therefore make a plea to you of the geron ident Nixon's contempt for Congress and of Economic Opportunity. tological community here today to give us for the integrity of the legislative process. Now the election of 1972 is over and I am in Congress your best counsel on the prob And still further evidence of this Presi not, therefore, interested in giving you a lems of the elderly. dent's disdain for the views of the other elec campaign speech. I must stress that I am not suggesting an ted representatives of the people is t~t last PRESCRIPTION OF NEGLECT other interest group pressing its own projects fall President Nixon vetoed three maJor b1lls but rather that I am urging the intellectual of great importance to older persons, all of I cite this record of vetoes of measures community to help us in Washington think which were unanimously passed by Congress. unanimously passed by Congress and the intelligently about the concerllS of the el President's budget for next year only to COMPREHENSIVE OLDER AMERICANS SERVICE BILL derly and to make informed policy judge enable you to understand the terribly impor ments. The Comprehensive Older Americans Ser tant issues at stake when Mr. Nixon claims I invite your reaction to the possibility, vice Bill, which I sponsored in the House and the sole right to decide the direction of pub which Senator Thomas Eagleton managed in for example that my own subcommittee set lic policy in the United States, and attempts up an advisory council on the aging, com the senate, is one of those bills,_ a measure to enforce his will against that of Congress that would have provided a varrety of ser posed o! gerontologists and others knowl by vetoing major legislative initiatives and edgeable about the elderly, to advise us, vices directed to the special needs of the impounding duly appropriated funds. elderly, including low-cost transportat~on, through memoranda and occasional get Those of us concerned with sensible and togethers. senior citizens community centers, housrng, humane policies for the aging ignore this preretirement training, employment, recrea Such a group could be of significant help situation at our peril. to us in Congress in anticipating important tion and nutrition. For the President's vetoes last year, com our bill would also have authorized fed problems and developing reasoned alterna bined with his recent budget proposals for tives for future action. eral funding for new multidisciplinary cen older Americans, make very clear that Mr. ters of gerontology o.f a kind of w~ich t_he Let me summarize what I have tried to say. Nixon is telling older Americans exactly what I have suggested that the time has come Andrus Center is such an outstanding plO- he told the rest of us last month in his inaugural address. for the richest nation in the world to begin a single Senator or Congressman, Dem to shape a national policy with respect to ne;;~t Listen to his words: ocrat or Republican, voted against this leg older persons. islation, which had been fashioned in close "In our own lives, let each of us ask-not I have told you of some of the initiatives cooperation with officials of the Department just what will government do for me, but in Congress on programs that affect the of Health, Education, and Welfare. what can r do for myself." elderly. Yet in late October, after Congress had ad This is a prescription, not of self-reliance, And I have reported to you on the opposi journed and therefore, could not vote to but of malign neglect--neglect of older per tion of the Nixon Administration to these override, President Nixon shocked Democrats sonsr of children, of the handicapped, the efforts. poor, indeed, of all Americans whom we may and Republicans alike by vetoing ~his truly Finally, I have suggested that we ought landmark initiative for older Amencans. in our modern society call vulnerable. to find more effective ways to bring together I am pleased to tell you that many mem those whose entire lives are given to concern OTHER VETOES bers of Congress of both parties do not share On the same day, Mr. Nixon vetoed another with the elderly and us in Congress who the President's regressive attitude toward his write legislation that affects older persons. bill that would have meant much to t~e fellow Americans. Over 100 of my colleagues development of a national policy for tlie So we have much to do, you, you, and I. in the House, both Democrats and Republi And perhaps some words by the distin elderly. . . cans, have joined me in co-sponsoring, once I refer to a bill sponsored by my distm guished lady in whose name we are gathered again in the 93rd Congress both the Compre here this week, Ethel Percy Andrus, express guished colleague, Congressman Paul Rogers hensive Older Americans Services Bill and of Florida, to create a National Iru:>titute of the Rehabilitation Bill. for us all what our purpose must be as we Aging within the National Institutes . of till whatever part of the vineyard is ours. And Congressman Rogers, too, has intro Said Dr. Andrus: Health, to conduct research on the aging duced a modified version of his bill to create process and on the special health problems a National Institute on Aging. "Second only to the desire to live is the of the elderly. natural yearning to be wanted and needed, In the Senate, Tom Eagleton is again lead to feel that one's contribution to life is es And, finally, to complete this tragic list of ing the forces backing the Rogers Bill and missed opportunities, Presiqent Nixon also sential. But this yearning challenges the old the Older Americans measure-which last ster and impels him to give generously of vetoed the Rehabilitation Act of 1972, which week was reported out of the full Labor and would have continued the 50-year-old voca himself, to circulate among his fellows, to Public Welfare Committee-while my dis participate actively in the little world about tional rehabilitation program for the handi tinguished colleague, Senator Alan Cranston capped, many of whom are elderly, and would him, and to share whatever he may have of of California, is once more championing the talents, strength, means, wisdom, or skills. have provided that, henceforth, priority in Rehabilitation Bill. services for the handicapped be assigned to This is the basis of his self-respect; in this the most severely handicapped persollS, in I am confident that we will shortly see way he earns his sense of dignity and worth." cluding those suffering from spinal cord in both measures passed by Congress and, if Whether we are gerontologists, politicians jury, serious kidney disease, and the deaf. necessary, over the President's veto. or citizens of whatever vocation, to help You should know that each of these meas THE SCHOLAR AND SOCIAL POLICY older persons enjoy that sense of dignity and ures, too, was passed unanimously by both Before I take my seat, I want to speak to worth and self-respect must be our common the House and the Senate. you briefly about oue other concern of mine. calling. 22466 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 HOUSE FOREIGN AID INITIATIVE provide for export credits both to provide policy. They have little place in the power American goods of a developmental character balancing and summitry of the White House. WINS PLAUDITS for the lowest income countries and to help And Congress has been no more interested, create more jobs for American workers. with some of its members venting their Viet HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI The group is composed of members of nam frustration::~ by opposing foreign aid. In consequence the U.S. foreign assistance has OF WISCONSIN President Johnson's General Advisory Com mittee on Foreign Assistance Programs which dropped to only three-tenths of 1 perc~nt of IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES was headed by James A. Perkins, Chairman its GNP, ranking twelfth among the rich Friday, June 29, 1973 of the International Council for Educational nations of this scale. Development and formerly President of Cor One reason for the neglect of the de Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, today nell University, and President Nixon's Task veloping countries has been confusion about the Committee on Foreign Affairs finished Force on International Development chaired U.S. interests. In a sense, they have been the task of restructuring and revitaliz by Rudolph Peterson, presently Director of the victims of detente and U.S. retraction. ing the U.S. bilateral foreign assistance the United Nations Development Program Formerly, relations with these areas were ·and formerly President of the Bank of Amer seen as an extension of the cold war, with program. ica. The two groups are the most recent foreign aid justified, especially to Congress, In a series of votes on amendments it 'presidential commissions on United States as a means for combating Soviet expansion. incorporated into the administration's foreign aid programs. As that appeal has gradually waned, so has requested foreign aid proposal the pro The !bipartisan and bicameral Congres concern for the poorer nations. In reality, visions of H.R. 8258. That bill was intro sional initiative endorsed by the group would that disregard is extremely short-sighted. It duced by me with 25 other members of restructure and expand United States bilat is not feasible to develop a peaceful order for the Committee on Foreign Affairs on eral policies and programs for working with an interdependent world while ignoring one May 30. the poor countries in a manner consistent half of it. The urgent necessity is to re with President Nixon's State of the World appraise U.S. interests in the developing That measure, which has now been in Message on May 3. It would redirect United nations and its relations with them. corporated into the administration's pro States bilateral aid to focus on the problems Recently, just such an effort has been posal would: of the poorest majority in the developing launched in Congress. A majority of the Focus bilateral development assist countries in areas such as disease control, House Foreign Affairs Committee have sub ance on acute problem areas and encour food production and population planning. mitted proposals for reform of the bilateral age the developing countries to allow the The proposed legislation would also establish aid program, which have now been endorsed poorest people to participate more effec a new export development credit fund to by key senators. Implicitly, these proposals tively in the development process. provide Americans goods and services of a would clarify the bases for concern with the developmental character on terms which the. developing nations and reshape the approach Create a new export credit develop poorest countries could afford. to them. ment fund to expand U.S. exports to the The group indicated that it would later First, they identify three strands of in poorest countries with the further aim of issue a fuller statement on bilateral and terests in the developing nations: (1) an providing additional resources to those multilateral assistance programs, as well as enlightened interest in international order countries on appropriate terms without a trade and monetary policy affecting the which must include the majority of man increasing U.S. budgetary outlays. developing countries. kind living in poverty; (2) a humanitarian Change the title of the Foreign Assist In endorsing the Congressional initiative, concern for these poorer peoples as fellow ance Act to "The Mutual Development members of the group pointed out: "While human beings who more and more become the United States has achieved great im neighbors; (3) a commercial interest in and Cooperation Act" and the name of provements in relations with East and West economic relations with the developing coun the Agency for International Develop since 1970, no such progress has marked tries as markets and as suppliers now and in ment to the "Mutual Development and American relationships with Asia, Africa and the future. These are solid reasons for con Cooperation Agency." Latin America. This is despite the fact that tinuing concern by the United States, quite Improve coordination of all U.S. ac we Americans are discovering now that many aside from East-Wes~ competition. tivities that bear on development, includ of our most pressing and international prob Second, the proposals would revamp ing trade, financial policy, and develop lems no longer can be solved through isola America's approach to the developing na tion or solely in cooperation with other rich tions, with the aim of putting relations on a ing aid. countries. Secretary Brezhnev's visit reminds better footing of mutual respect and co This congressional initiative has been us that a nation which is able to achieve operation. They recognize that the poorer given wide attention in the press and by imaginative breakthroughs in dealing with nations are the ones to define their own those interested in international devel the Soviet Union and China should be able goals and their plans for reaching them. U.S. opment. At a recent meeting in Wash to lead the world in achieving similar ad bilateral aid would concentrate on activi ington of former Presidential foreign aid vances in relationships with the poor coun ties directly affecting people-agriculture tries of the world containing a majority of and nutrition; health and population; edu advisers, the new proposal was unani the earth's people." mously endorsed and a press statement cation and training. For providing assist In addition to Perkins and Peterson, other ance, more use would be made of private released. members of the group included: agencies, universities, cooperatives, unions, Recently too, the Christian Science Bell, David E., Vice President, Ford Foun and voluntary agencies, which may often :Monitor featured an au.·ticle by Prof. dation. be more acceptable than official missions. Robert R. Bowie, a development special Case, Josephine Young. Large capital projects would be financed ist, who said that- Casey, William, Under Secretary of State through international agencies like the World for Economic Affairs. Bank. These changes should make possible If passed by Congress, this proposal would Cooke, Terrence Cardinal (Represented by substantial cuts in U.S. aid staff at home be a positive step in revising U.S. relations and abroad. . with the developing nations. James Norris) . · Curtis, Thomas B., Vice President & Gen. To expand available funds, the measure Because of their timeliness and rele Counsel, Encyclopedia Brittanica. would create a new fund to finance exports vance to today's action by the House Foster, Luther H., President, Tuskegee In to the poorest countries (primarily under Committee on Foreign Affairs, I insert stitute. $200 income per capita) on concessional the press release and Professor Bowie's Haas, Walter A., Chairman & Chief Exec. terms. This fund would have several signifi Officer, Levi Straus. cant features. The financing would be tied article in the RECORD at this point: Hesburgh, Theodore, President, University to U.S. exports to these nations and would MEMBERS OF FORMER PRESiDENTIAL ADVISORY of Notre Dame.' take the form of loans, at low interest for 30 GROUPS ENDORSE NEW CONGRESSIONAL INI Linowitz, Sol, Coudert Brothers. years, with a 10-year grace period. Such ty TIATIVE TOWARD DEVELOPING COUNTRmS Mason, Edward S., Prof. Emeritus, Har ing, of course, has some drawbacks, but the WASHINGTON, June 26.-A bipartisan group vard University. dollar devaluation should make U.S. prod- of former presidential foreign aid advisors Perkins, James, Chief Exec. Officer & . ucts cheaper than heretofore compared to meeting in Washington today unanimously Chairman of the Board, International Coun -other sources. Moreover, the funding would · endorsed an innovative bilateral develop cil for Educational Development. be derived from borrowing, an,d the subsidy . ment assistance program proposed in both Peterson, Rudolph, ~dministrator, U.~. for the low interest would be provided from Houses of Congress and endorsed by the Development Program. current repayments on earlier loans. Thus Administration. The new program would Wood, Robert J., General, U.S. Army (Re . the proposal would entail no budget costs or focus American development assistance on . annual appropriation. With an initial capital tired). of. $5 billion the fund would make available the problems of the poorest majority in the FORGOTTEN 1''" ,. U.S. FOREIGN POLICY developing countries, and would authorize . about $1 billion a year, initially for five years, funding ai111ed primarily at rural develop (By i. _ :crt R. Bowie) but renewable for similar periods. ment, food production, population and In recent years, the poorer nations of If passed by CoiJ.gress, this proposal would health, and education and human resource Asia, Africa, and Latin America, have become be a 'positive step iri. revising u.s. relations development. The bipartisan bill also would the "forgotten men" of United States foreign with the developing nations and in provid- June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22_467 ing added assistance . . It could help get the University and the state of Montana," His problem, as well as Central Board's, is straight the real and enduring U.S. interests says South. how to satisfy the 43 student activity groups in the developing nations. By directing Amer "It's not fair to take four years out of my with their $483,000 in budget requests with ican bilateral assistance to manifest and spe life and say whatever I do is irrelevant and only $348,000 available at the rate of $15 per cific needs of other human beings, it may necessarily bad." quarter from each student. once more engage the idealism of the Amer Those were the remarks South had for the "We do specify that none of our student ican pe9ple in providing assistance. At the University of Montana Council of 50 at its funds can go for athletic scholarships," says same tiine, the measure would link the com spring meeting a week ago. He was telling South. "We don't give scholarships in other mercial interests of export firms and labor to why the Associated Students had a full-time activities so why do it for athletics." a new source of credit for poor nations and lobby and plenty of volunteers during the As South says, he plans to meet problems focus their attention on the importance of opening session of the 43rd Montana Legis head on as student president. His consti trade with these nations for U.S. jobs and lature. tuency consists primarily of students from profits. Finally, the measure emphasizes the "We got into the real world," South says. the small towns of Montana. attending a. necessity of taking account of the interests And with success. The combined Montana Montana tax supported institution. of developing nations in devising and carry University System student efforts g~t a vot-. He thinks they both should understand ing out American policies and actions relat ing student on the Board of Regents and 24- each other better and has charted a course ing to trade, money, pollution, and .other hour open dorms, the latter as part of the to bring it about. matters affecting the third world. student's right to privacy. . . South isn't a University administration . This proposal is, of course, not a panacea. When South tells you that almost every spokesman. B1-tt the way this young history Even as expanded, the amount of assistance student on the campus is legally classified as major from Miles.City goes about his mission will fall far short of what the U.S. should be an adult the light gets brighter at the end of is all for the good of the institution and his doing. No doubt the U.S. has its domestic the tunnel vision. home state. needs. But with a GNP well over a trillion His idea is the best way to avert problems dollars (over $5,000 per capita), it is inde is to get students involved in the process, to cent to be providing only about $3 billion to face the problem head on. assist the 1.5 billion poor in Asia, Africa, and One of them is what to do about the Mon TOWARD BETTER PRIVATE Latin America. Moreover it remains to be tana Kaimin, the student newspaper. seen whether the U.S. really gives the de "I do not justify everything the Kaimin PENSION PLANS veloping nations a higher priority in the has printed," says South, "and there is noth whole range of its policymaking. But if the ing (President Robert) Pantzer and I can do HON. ELWOOD HILLIS proposal is only a beginning, it is a very im about it. portant .initiative in the right direction. "It is a student newspaper, paid for by the OF INDIANA students and the way the copies disappear IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES each day they like it. Friday, June 29, 1973 "I do not justify. If I had been editor there A BRIGHT KIND OF MISSIONARY are many things I would not have done. But Mr. HILLIS. Mr. Speaker, today I am it cannot be a public relations tool for the introducing legislation aimed at estab University, If it tries to, it is not then a lishing certain minimum standards for student newspaper. employee pension plans and providing HON. LEE METCALF "A newspaper•sduty is not to be well liked OF MONTANA but well read." ·incentives for individuals not covered IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED ST;ATES South admits that the Kaimin, with it~ by a pension program to establish their sometimes .offensive language and opinions, own retirement savings programs. Friday, June 29, 1973 does have an effect on the state and there My bill provides for mandatory vest Mr. METCALF. Mr. President, over the seems to be an attitude against it. . ,ing of employee pension benefits ·at a years there has been a great deal of de For its critics, iri and out of the newspaper ''Rule of 40' ~-when a per~on's age plus rogatory talk about the younger genera fraternity, Sou,th advises that the present .service equals 40, he becomes 10 percent editor is trying to escape the David Rorvick tion and its lifestyle, and the unthinking syndrome. vested and vests 10 percent more every inclination by many people to lump them (Rorvik was Kaimin editor in the middle year until all his accrued benefits are all together as being "no good." But in 1960's who is now a highly successful free- fully guaranteed. Montana there is a young man who re lance writer.) _ I see this provision as a good com futes such a description. South has no excuses to make for the promise between those who would like Garry South of Miles City, Mont., was Kaimin. He asks only that it be accepted for to see automatic vesting in .10 years and recently elected student body president what it is -a newspaper published for and those who push a 20-year service re at the University of Montana, Missoula. by the students with their own money and quirement or a "Rule of 50." This ap reflecting their attitudes. Garry exemplifies the modern student Were it closed by some cause or other, he proach guarantees that a 40-year-old activist, working for change from within feels the underground press would take over employee can vest within 10 years, if he the political system. His political know with up to five publications springing up starts a new job tomorrow, and that a how and his articulate voice have already which would make the Kaimin seem like 60-year-old employee could become won the admiration of ''the establish nursery fare. vested at two or three places of employ ment," as this recent editorial froni the As we said, South doesn't mince his words. ment by the time he retires. Billings Gazette will testify. The piece Nor does he defiantly antagonize his elders. Yet, this measure is not so expensive was written by Duane "Poe" Bowler, He tells them, well, like it is. for an employer that he would choose editor of the Gazette. Student government is no longer .a glori~ fied student council. His office administers not to establish any kind of pension I ask unanimous consent that the ar $348,000 of student activ'ity fees. He empha program for his workers, rather than ticle be printed in the Extensions of Re sizes that this is student, not state tax- have to meet a costly Federal standard. marks. There being no objection, it was payers', money. · Most of this Nation's big companies ordered to be printed as follows: Therefore students have a right to say how have very adequate pension programs [From the Billings Gazette, May 20, 1973] it is spent. If they want rock concerts in many of which vest within 10 years. But A BRIGHT KIND OF. MISSIONARY stead of jocks, that's what they'll have. the large group of people ·unprotected His current budget allocates $95,000 to the by pensions in the work force today (By Duane w. Bowler) athletic department. Athletic Director Jack A young man· from Miles City who once at Swarthout got $105,000 this year and wants work for companies with 25 or fewer em tended Eastern Montana College may be the $161,000. ployees. These companies generally can best thing that has hapepned to the Uni South justifies his proposed budget as al not afford as elaborate a pension pro versity of Montana in quite some time. locating money where it will do the most gram as their larger counterparts, but You'd like to meet Garry D. South, the new good, that athletics will get twice what any there is general agreement that their president of the Associated Students of the other activity gets. He feels athletics have workers should be afforded some mini University of Montana. And he'd like to meet much too long received a disproportionate mum protection and should fall under you, too. share and the arts not enough. He doesn't some minimum Federal standards of South is a clean shaven longhair by crew want to kill vars1ty athletics. He doesn't want cut S '~ andards, dresses like a young stock to give them $161,000. acceptability. Viewed as a minimum, I broker, at l~ast when persuading his elders, South draws up the president's budget, believe the Rule of 40 is a very workable and talks straight about the students at t he there are hearings, it goes before Central requirement for vesting of pension plans University of Montana. Board and the final decisions are made. It which qualify for special tax treatment. "I think it is unfair to say students are sounds just like city council, which it is for Along with the vesting requirement, only here four years and ha:ve no stake jn the students. my bill requires that a company fund its 22468 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 pension program properly, on a regular the art of debate and oratory. On one not a conservative amendment. It is not a basis, so that even if the company should important occasion, upon consideration Republican amendment. It is not a Demo ga out of business or merge with another of the Legislative Reorganization Act of cratic amendment. It is an amendment for 1970, Hale Boggs took the :floor to sup this House of Representatives. company, the current and past em When the people and the media say that ployees will not lose the pension bene port an amendment to provide for the this House has ceased to be relevant, then, fits- due- them. recording of teller votes :.n the Commit Mr. Chairman, if true, American democracy .As a protection against funds being tee of the Whole. The bill was passed, ha-s ceased to be relevant. mismanaged or poorly invested, or a pro with the addition of the important teller When the people assert that the House of gram shut down before becoming prop vote provision. Representatives is not representative, then eriy funded, my bill also contains a Adoption of the recorded teller vote the last best hope of mankind has been lost. Because if we are not representative, then requirement that a company reinsure has had a significant impact on the no institution is. the amoUilt of vested benefits in excess House of Representatives. Because of the I have given my life to this Chamber. I of. assets in the fund which could cover long range significance of the reform, love it and the Republic for which it stands. those vested benefits. With provisions it is fitting to remember Hale Boggs for, Come September 10, I will observe the 30th like these, the Studebaker pension case amongst his many other honorable posi anniversary of my first election to the House. in indiana could never have had such tions and great achievements, his active I came here when I was 26 years of age. disastrous consequences, leaving every and elQquent support of the amendment. Today I am proud of the fact that I have a one under 60 years of age a minute por Following is the speech which he made son who wants to come here, too. He believes that service here is a high calling. With all tion of the benefits they had been that day: due deference to my colleagues on the Re promised. Mr. BoGGs. Mr. Chairman, I might say to publican side, I hope that he is elected. I am I have also included in my bill the my good friend, the gentleman from Ohio, doing everything I can to help him. He thinks administration's idea of a tax deduction that the gentleman from california had al the House is relevant. I think it is relevant. for retirement savings made by an in ready had 10 minutes, but I appreciate the But I know that this system of teller votes dividual either to supplement a low gentleman's courtesy. is not relevant. I have served for 15 years benefit pension plan or to provide some Mr. Chairman, in my judgment this is in here as whip or as deputy whip, and there deed a historic day. This is a day which will have been countless occasions when I have retirement income for an individual make the House of Representatives truly spent hours and days attempting to get mem whose company does not offer a quali relevant. bers to come here and do their duty and fied pension program. As is the case with so many of the rules of walk through that teller line and vote. Under this proposal, individuals can this Chamber, the procedure known as teller I know this so-called h.anky-panky in the deduct from their gross income, for tax voting is deeply rooted in the legislative proc cloakrooms. I know how some conservatives purposes, up to 20 percent of the first ess. Its origin can be traced centuries ago say, "Well, we can make a deal with the $7,5(}0 of earned income-up to $1,500. when the British Parliament devised it as a liberals." And some liberals say, "we can method of voting the will of the people while make a deal with the conservatives." And the Since employers providing pension funds escaping the wrath of a powerful and venge be.at goes on. receive a similar tax dedUction on money ful monarch. One hundred and thirty-eight Well, we really do not govern that way. contributed to an employee pension years ago, when Parliament no ronger had Those deals seldom have worked out. The fund, this measure is only equitable reason to fear the Crown, the system was re pressures are too great on both sides on ;particularly for those people not in formed to permit a public record of votes. major issues. volved in a pension program. This meas Unfortunately, with never a King to fear and All we are saying by this amendment is ure is also desirable in that it will en only the public to serve, this rule has been that the archaic system adopted some cen courage more individuals to plan toward retained in the House of Representatives. turies ago to protect the Members of Parlia We did so because we said it helped expedite ment from despotic kings should be abolished their own retirement, rather than de the often slow legislative process. Unfortu in the House of Representatives of the United pending on social security benefits to nately, it has also been used as a shelter from States of America as it was in the House of carry them through their retirement the public eye. Commons many years ago. years. I do not believe representative government We are saying, "Let a man stand up and be Mr. Speaker, a second bill I am intro can afford the luxury of a shelter from the counted." What is wrong with that? Tell me ducing today provides for the adoption public eye. The American people are entitled what is wrong with being counted if one is a of detailed fiduciary standards in the to know the recorded judgment of P-ach Representative. If you do not want to be Member on the great issues of our time. We counted, why did you come here in the :l:lr&t administration of pension plans-to cannot ask our people to respect our institu place, and why do most of us seek to return better insure against fraud or mis tions unless the institutions themselves are to this historic ChamlYer? management, provide regular reporting self-critical and self-reforming. Finally, one last thought. A story is told regarding compliance with pension laws, As majority whip, it is my responsibility to in history about one of the great men who and insure better communication be inform Members of legislation pending on helped found this country, Alexander tween employers and workers as to what the fioor and to encourage their attendance Hamilton. whenever votes are taken. In my opinion, Hamilton brought a visitor into the gallery the pension program really means to teller voting, as it is now conducted, is a of the old House Chamber, now Statuary each worker. hindrance rather than an assistance to the Hall. The visitor sat with Hamilton and The overall goal of the legislation I majority whip. Important amendments are noting the pandemonium on the :fl.oor, which am introducing today is to lay down often adopted or defeated in the Committee you frequently see in this body even as o! some basic guidelines and rules to assure of the Whole House by a small fraction of the this day, questioned Mr. Hamilton, "What total membership of the House. The truth is, goes on there? And Hamilton replied, "There, workers they are going to get the kind the system of teller voting is a major con sir-there, sir, the people govern." of pension benefits they had anticipated, tributor to absenteeism. This proposal to Well, here, Mr. Chairman, almost two cen without penalizing good employers or record teller votes would be a major step to turies later, the people must continue to discouraging the private pension system. ward encouraging the full participation by govern. Let us support this amendment. all parties in forging the law of the land. In this respect, this amendment would be a great assistance to the majority and minority THE LATE HALE BOGGS whips, and I think to the fair and full oper FARM PRICE ANALYSIS ation of the legislative process. We hear a great deal of talk these days about the unresponsiveness of our institu HON. JAMES ABDNOR HON. BOB ECKHARDT tions. The founders of this country never in OF SOUTH DAKOTA OF TEXAS tended its institutions to be inflexible and IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES set in their ways. The architects of our Gov ernment intended its three branches to be Friday, June 29, 1973 Friday, June 29, 1973 capable of growth and continuous self renewal. This is the real import of this bill Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, the fol Mr. ECKHARDT. Mr. Speaker, there and the real significance of this amendment. lowing analysis compiled by Prof. Robert is widespread agreement among the For these reasons, I support this amendment E. Olson of South Dakota State Univer members of the House of Representatives and I urge an my colleagues to do so also. sity is particularly appropriate at this that Hale Boggs was superbly skilled in This is not a liberal amendment. It is time in dispelling the myths concerning June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22469 the economic situation of our largest in consumer food expenditures as a per of relative changes in the price of items with dustry, agriculture. centage of income: considerable different absolute prices. A 1950 base shows at a glance the p-rice current levels Professor Olson would hasten to point FARM PRICE ANALYSIS and the patterns of change over a long period. out that prices ~hange rapidly and have changed somewhat from the time when THE DATA CONSUMERS' INCOME AND EXPENDITURES the analysis was formulated. As this All data are annual averages except 1973. (TABLE 1) analysis demonstrates, however, it is the The data for 1973 are estimates of annual Disposable personal income per capita farmer who comes out on the short end rates during the first quarter. They are all (after taxes) reached a record high level drawn from official government sources. during the first quarter of 1973. For the first of changes in prices. time the annual rate was over $4,000 per per I would ask that the Members of BASE PERIOD son. Expenditures for food per capita in 1973 Congress, as well as all interested readers Price data expressed as index numbers were double the 1950 rate while disposable of the RECORD, pay particular attention were computed on a 1950 base, i.e. 1950 equals personal income expanded three fold during to the colwnn of Table 1 which relates 100. A common base facilitates comparison the same period.
TABLE I.-CONSUMERS' PER CAPITA INCOME, EXPENDITURES FOR GOODS AND SERVICES, AND FOOD EXPENDITURES AS A PERCENTAGE OF INCUMt
Expenditures Expenditures Food expenditures Food expenditures Disposable For goods in relation to Disposable For goods in relation to personal and income (pefcent) personal and income (percent) income services For food income services For food Year (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) All food Farm food Year (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) All food Farm tood
8 1947 __ :;-::-=-~:..-: .-::::-::::-~:;-__-:;- _:;:: 1, 178.0 1, 153.0 303.0 25.7 24.7 1961_- __ :;;; ___ :;_= ----=----~;;:; 1, 984.0 1, 825.0 392.0 19.8 1948_ ------______.; 24.5 23.7 1949 ______- ______.; 1, 290.0 1,184. 0 316.0 1962_------_.; 2, 066.0 1, 903.0 398.0 19.3 ~:s 1, 264.0 1,185. 0 300.0 23.8 23.0 1963_------.; 2, 138.0 1, 981.0 404.0 18.9 18.3 1, 364.0 1, 259.0 303.0 22.2 21.3 1964 _____ ---______.; 2, 284.0 2, 091.0 419.0 1950_ ------.; 1965 __ ------______.: 18.4 17.7 195L ------___ .; 1, 468.0 1, 337.0 338.0 23.0 21.7 2, 437.0 2, 228.0 442.0 18.1 17.1 1952 ______------____ .; 1, 518.0 1, 381.0 348.0 23.0 21.4 1966_------'" 2, 605.0 2, 372.0 473.0 17.2 16.3 1953 ___ ------1, 582.0 1, 441. 0 347.0 22.0 20.2 1967 ------=------.: 2, 751.0 2, 476.0 473.0 17.2 16.3 1954 ___ ------_.; 1, 585.0 1, 456.0 348.0 22.0 19.9 1968 ______------_.: 2, 946.0 2, 671.0 497.0 16.9 15. !I 1955_ ------__ .; 1, 666.0 1, 539.0 351.0 21.1 19.3 1969_ ------___ .; 3, 130.0 2, 859.0 524.0 16.7 15.6 1956 __ ------___ ..; 1, 743.0 1, 585.0 359.0 20.6 18.9 1970 _____ ------__ .; 3, 358.0 3, 010.0 557.0 16.6 15.4 1957------__ .; 1, 801. 0 1, 643.0 373.0 20.7 18.9 1971 _____ ------.:l 3, 595.0 3, 211.0 567.0 15.8 ]4. 9 1, 831.0 1, 666.0 383.0 20.9 19.1 1972 ______------_.; 19591958 ______------.: .; 3, 807. 0 3, 453.0 597.0 15.7 0 1, 905.0 1, 758.0 386.0 20.3 18.9 1973_ ------______. 4, 064.0 0 63.2. 0 15.6 0 1960 _____ ------_..; 1, 937.0 1, 800.0 388.0 20.0 19.1
Note: Compiled from Federal and State official data. Source: Economics department, South Dakota State University.
FARMERS; WHOLESALE, AND CONSUMERS PRICES Consumer prices for all foods (including Prices received by farmers ______48. 4 FOR FOOD (TABLE 21 imported, sea foods, and meals away Price (farm value) of food at the farm_ 48.0 During the 1950-1973 period the changes in fromhome)------76.0 priees ranked as follows: Farm-Retail Spread (Marketing, trans Prices paid by farmers, consumers' prices portation, and processing cost be and the farm-retail spread advanced steadily [In percent] tween farm and consumer)------72. 8 during the 1950-73 period. Prices received by Change 1950--73 Retail store prices !or food produced farmers for all products and for food were Prices paid by farmers ______81. 6 on U.S. farms ______61. 0 nearly stable from 1949 to 1969. Their in Consumers' prices for all goods and Wholesale prices for all goods and serv- crease for the entire period has occurred dur services ------78.5 ices------53.7 ing the last five years. TABLE 2.- FARMERS', WHOLESALE, AND CONSUMERS' PRICES, 1947-73 (1950=100)
u.s. farm Received origi- Farm Fare- Received Farm Fare- by Paid by Whole- Con- All nated value of retail by Paid by Whole- Con- All value of retail Year farmer'S farmers sale sumers' food food food spread Year farmers farmers sale sumers' food food spread
196L_::-____- __ ~ 19481947 ______••= ;: 107.0 93.8 93.9 92.8 54.4 98.9 108.0 90.7 1962 ______.; 93.0 118.0 115.5 122.7 119.6 113.8 93.0 132.4 lll.2 101.6 101.2 100.0 102.8 106.5 114.9 98.9 94.6 119.9 115.9 123.6 120.7 114.9 95.2 132.6 96.9 98. 0 96.2 99.0 98.7 89.6 100.7 100.6 1963 ______.; 94.8 121.9 115.9 138.1 19501949------~::: ______.. 1964 ______.; 122.4 114.7 91.1 135.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 91.9 122.3 115.8 127.6 124.0 114.9 90.8 136.5 1951______;: 117.1 110.2 111.4 107.9 111.1 111.0 114.9 107.6 1965 ______..; 96.1 125.4 118.1 130.7 1966 ______.; 126.7 118.1 100.2 134.1 1952 ______:;:: 111.6 112.1 108.3 110.3 113.2 112.2 111.6 112.7 103~ 1 130.5 122.0 134.8 133.0 124.4 107.2 139.7 1953 ______.. 9 .8 108.2 106.8 111.1 111.4 108.9 103.1 114.0 1967 ______..; 1954 ______..; 98.4 133.6 122.2 138.7 134.2 123.1 101.0 143.0 95.3 108.6 107.1 111.7 lll.1 106.9 91.6 115.3 1968 ______..; 101.2 138.7 125.3 144.5 139.1 127.6 106.3 146.4 1955 ______..; 89.9 107.8 107.3 111.2 109.5 105.1 91.3 117.5 1969 ______108.2 145.7 130.2 152.3 146.2 134.3 115.9 150.8 1956 ______.. 89.1 108.6 110.9 112.3 110.3 105.5 90.4 119.0 1970 ______.; 108.5 152.3 135.0 161.3 154.2 139.9 115.2 162.0 1957 ______,_.; 91.1 112.1 114.1 115.5 114.0 109.3 93.5 123.5 1971______~ 110.5 137.5 139.2 168.2 158.9 142.4 115.7 166.5 1958 ______~ 1959 ______.; 96.9 114.8 115.6 117.1 118.8 115.6 100.7 128.9 1972_------.;1973 ______. 123.6 169.1 145.6 173.8 165.8 149.3 125.5 170.4 93.0 116.4 115.9 119.4 116.9 112.9 92.8 130.9 148.4 181.6 153.7 178.5 176.0 161.0 148.0 172.8 1960------__ .; 92.6 117.2 116.0 121.8 118.1 113.4 94.7 130.2
Note: Compiled from Federal and State official data. Source: Economics Department, South Dakota State University.
CHOICE BEEF AND PORK PRICES (TABLES 3 AND 4) slices, butts, and shank ends) ; picnics tail price of choice beef from 1950 to 1973 is The retail price of beef is a weighted aver (smoked) ; butts; spareribs; bacon squares; a percentage inerease of 73 per cent. This age price of retail cuts from Choice beef car sausage; neckbones; forefeet; and pigtails. change compares with an increase of 78.5 per cass. The gross farm value is payment to The gross farm value is payment to farmer cent for all goods and services and an in farmer for quantity of Choice steer equiv for quantity of live hog equivalent to 1 crease of 76 per cent for all food during the alent to 1 pound of retail cuts sold to con pound of po.xk sold to consumers-2.13 same period. sumers-2.12 pounds in 1949-51, gradually pounds in January-June 1949, gradually de creased to 1.97 pounds in 1969. The by The retail price of pork increased 44:.3 increased to 2.28 pounds from 1962 on. The cents per pound from 1950 to 1973. This ris.e byproduct allowance is the portion of gross product allowance is the portion of gross farm value attributed to lard and other edi in retail pork prices wao 82.5 per cent. The farm value attributed to edible and inedible percentage change from 1950 to 1973 in the byproducts. ble and inedible byproducts. The net farm value is gross farm varue component of the retail price (net farm The retail pTice of pork is a weighted aver minus byproduct allowance. value) going to the farmer was 58 per cent age pl'ice o~ loin cuts; ham (whole, center The rise of 54.6 cents per pound ln the re- for choice beef and 85 per cent for pork. 22470 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973
TABLE 3.- CHOICE BEEF : RETAIL PRICE, FARM-RETAIL SPREAD, NET FARM VALUE, BY-PRODUCT ALLOWANCE, GROSS FARM VALUE, AND PRICE RECEIVED BY FARMERS FOR BEEF CATTLE IN SOUTH DAKOTA
(Amounts in ce nts) (Amounts in cents)
Prices Prices received received by South by South Choice Dakota Choice Dakota Retail Farm- beef Cross farmers Retail Farm- beef Cross farmers price per reta il net farm By-product farm for beef price per retail net farm By-product farm for beef Year pound spread value a!lowance value cattle Year pound spread value allowance value cattle
1949 ______67. 8 18.7 49. 1 5. 8 54.9 20.0 1962 ___ ------; 1963______81.7 26. 5 55.2 4. 9 . 60.1 22. 4 1950_------74.6 19. 4 55. 2 . 6. 7 61.9 23.9 78.5 30.1 48. 4 4.2 52.6 20. 8 1951______87. 3 20. 3 67. 0 . 8.6 75.6 29.7 1964 ______1952 ______1965.______76.5 30.3 46.2 4. 1 50.3 18.7 85.7 22.7 63.0 5. 8 68.8 24.9 88.1 28. 3 51.8 4. 7 56.5 20. 5 1953 ____ "----- 68. 4 23.1 45.3 4. 6 49.9 17. 0 1966 •••• ------82.4 30.1 52. 3 5. 3 57.6 22.8 1~54 ______67.8 21.4 46.4 4.4 50.8 16.9 1967_ ____ ----- 82. 6 29. 6 53.0 4.0 57.0 22.7 1955______66.8 22.4 44.4 4. 1 48. 5 16. 1 1968 ______86.6 1969______29. 9 56.7 3. 8 60.5 24.0 1956 •• ------65.4 23.2 42.2 4. 1 46.3 15.2 96.2 34.0 62.2 4. 7 66.9 26. 5 45.4 4.4 1970 ______1958..1957------______69.9 24. 5 49.8 17.4 1971______98. 6 37.1 61.5 4.8 66.3 27.2 80.2 26. 2 54. 0 5. 0 59. 0 22.4 104.3 36. 4 67. 9 4. 5 72.4 29.3 1959______'82. 0 27.6 54.4 5. 5 59.9 23.0 1972.. ______113.8 41.3 1960 ______1973______72. 5 7.4 79. 9 33.8 80.2 28. 1 52. 1 4. 6 56. 7 21:1 129.2 41.8 87. 4 9.4 96.8 43.2 1961______78. 4 29.6 48.8 4. 8 53.6 20. 9
Note : Compiled from Federal and State official data. Source: Economics Department, South Dakota State University.
TABLE 4.-PORK : RETAIL PRICE, FARM-RETAIL SPREAD, NET FARM VALUE , BYPRODUCT ALLOWANCE , GROSS FARM VALUE, AND PRICE RECEIVED BY FARMERS FOR HOGS IN SOUTH DAKOTA [Amounts in cents)
Prices Prices receiv~~u~~ receiv~~u~~ Dakota Dakota Reta il price Farm-retail Net farm Byproduct Gross farm farmers Retail price Farm-retail Net farm Byproduct Gross farm farmers Year per pound spread value allowance value for hogs Yea r per pound spread value allowance value for hogs
1949 ___ _:; _____ 54.5 19. 7 34.8 4.3 39. 1 17. 2 19631962 ______••• ------~ 58.8 28.7 30.1 2.6 32.7 15. 9 1950 ______34.4 4.6 39. 0 17.3 56. 6 29.2 27. 4 2. 5 29.9 14.6 1951______53.8 19. 4 1964 ______; __ 57.8 21.3 36. 5 5. 8 42. 3 19.2 1965 ______55.9 29.1 26.8 2. 5 29.3 14.4 1952______56.2 22. 2 34.9 3.8 57. 8 17. 0 65.8 27.7 38.1 3.5 41.6 .20.3 1!153 ______41.5 4. 5 46. ·20. 6 1966 ••• :-______74.0 31.8 42.2 3. 7 45.9 22.2 1954______62. 1 20. 6 o. 63.4 22. 3 41. 1 5. 1 46.2 20.7 19681967. __~ •_•____ : •••_ --__ 67.? 32.4 34.8 2. 5 37.3 18.4 1955 ______24. 9 28.7 3.1 31.8 14.4 67.4 32.9 34.5 2. 2 36.7 18.1 1956.______53.6 51.4 24.8 26. ~ 3.1 29.7 13. 7 1969."------74.3 32.{) .42. 3 3. 2 45.5 21.9 - . 1957.______59.4 26.6 32. 8 3. 7 36. 5 ·17. 4 1970.-: ______78.0 38.5 39.5 3. 4 42.9 21.9 1958 ______63.8 26. 9. 37: 0 3. 9 40. 9 19.0 1971_ ~------.: 70.3 38.0 32.3 2. 7 65.0 17.4 1959 ______56.3 30.4 25. 9 .. 2. 4 28.3 .13. 5 1972 ____ ~ - ---- 83.2 35. 3 47.9 3. 5 51.4 24. 6 1960.c ______55: 9 27. 2· 28.7 -2.7 31.4 14. 9 1973...- ~----- 98.1 34.4 63.7 4. 9 68.6 38.'2 1961______58.4 27. 9 30. 5 3.0 33.5 16.1
Note : Compiled from Federal and State official data. Source: Economics Department, South Dakota State University, Mr. Speaker, the U.S. Agriculture in THE DANGER OF DOING NOTHING for energy research and development, dustry has continued to provide an and I am pleased to enter it into today's abundent supply of food products in the RECORD: face of increasing expenses over which HON. J. J. PICKLE THE DANGER OF DOING NOTHING they have no control. At the same time OF TEXAS (By HENRY M. JACKSON) farmers have had to accept the returns IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WASHINGTON.-With the deepening de provided by a marketplace over which pendence of the United States on imported they also have no control-a market Friday, June 29, 1973 petroleum has come an increasing a ware ness controlled by the must voracious con of the risks to our national security and the Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, regardless stability of our national economy. The clos sumers in the world. of how much petroleum the U.S. imports, ing of gas stations around the country, the American agriculture is a shining regardless of the improvements we make prospect of severe summer shortages, and the te~timony to the merits of a relatively in our own oil production, it is a fact that readying of plans to ration gasoline-an ana free market supplied by the boupdless the world petroleum supply is inherently tionwide basis have brought home to the energy of private enterpris'e, and I have limited. · American people the sense of a : problem confidence that it will continue to be. As developing nations begin to indus without an easy solution. In these times of ever-increasing gov trialize, they will need energy,: and the Therefore, I suppose it was inevitable that ernment involvment in everything, and we would soon hear the argument ·that the most accessible energy source in today's threat to the continued delivery of Middle of unjustified consumer unrest, . how technology is petroleum. It stands to rea Eastern oil arises from American support of ever, I do not think that it can be too son that, in the future, oil supplies will Israel. Such an analysis, quite simple-mind strongly stressed that any government not only diminish, but the demand for edly in my view, attributes the chronic in action to control prices of raw agricul oil will increase on a worldwide basis. stability in the Middle East to the Arab tural products, directly or indirectly, These factors point to the fact that the Israeli dispute. will in all likelihood lead to the demise United States must immediately embark The real situation is quite ·different. Mid of consumer control of the marketplace. dle Eastern energy sources would be insecure ·upon a research program which will de even if Israel didn't exist. For it is inter-Arab The marketplace which will develop velop practical alternatives to petroleum rivalry, and the opportunistic exploitation of will be characterized by increasing con energy. Our energy-intensive economy it by the Soviet Union, which threatens to trol by those few producers who are able demands a constant, high-level energy disrupt the normal flow of oil. After all, it is to survive and by shortages of those source, and we cannot wait until oil sup not Israel which threatens Kuwait and its products which are in greatest demand. plies diminish further to develop a new substantial oil reserves; rather, recent Iraqui to military activity may have as its objective We often fail realize when we have primary energy technology. control of that oil-rich sheikdom. It is not a good thing until its gone. Let us not Our distinguished colleague in the Israel which threatens Saudi · Arabia-but let it be so in the case of American Senate, HENRY M. JACKSON, has penned Yemen to the south, Soviet-supported Iraq agriculture and the cheap food it can a brief and succinct article in today's and Syria to the north, and Egypt to the supply in abundant quantity. New York Times pointing up the need west. June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22471 Wherever stability' exists in the Middle BiLL TO STRENGTHEN GAO The biil also gives the GAO the power East today, it is, in my view, largely the to subpena records of contractors who result of the strength and Western orienta are already legally subject to GAO audit. tion of Israel on the Mediterannean and Iran The Comptroller General could invoke on the Persian Gulf. These two countries, HON. SAM GIBBONS reliable friends of the United States, together OF FLORIDA the aid of any Federal district court in with Saudi Arabia, have helped inhibit those IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES enforcing the subpenas. More than 40 U.S. departments and agencies have al radical Arab elements which pose a grave Friday, June 29, 1973 threat indeed to petroleum sources in the ready been given this k'ind of authoriza Persian Gulf. It is ironic that Saudi Arabia Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, today I tion, and it is about time this agent of and the sheikdoms (which, along with Iran, am introducing a bill, H.R. 9002, which is Congress also had it. will provide most of our imported oil in the designed to strengthen and revise the Furthermore, the bill would: years ahead) depend for regional stability on Israel's capacity to encourage an environ powers and functions of the General Ac Direct the Comptroller General to ob ment where moderate regimes in Lebanon counting Office. It is the House com tain fiscal, budgetary, and program in and Jordan can survive and where Syria can panion bill of S. 2049 which was intro formation to assist congressional con be contained. Iran plays a similar and even duced on June 21, 1973, by Senators SAM trol over the Federal budget; more direct role in the Gulf itself. . J. ERVIN, JR., ABRAHAM A. RIBICOFF, and Clarify the right, already existing un Last November I traveled to Israel. Iran LEE METCALF on the request of the Comp der law, of the Comptroller General to and Saudi Arabia. I was impressed with the troller General. have access to information from Federal • remarkable extent to which their three In the past several years we have wit separate fates are associated-how they con departments and establishments needed stitute a paradoxical bloc of nations whose nessed a steady decline of the power of for effective auditing of Federal and security, so important to the United States, Congress in relation to that of the execu federally assisted programs; and unites them in a set of common interests. tive branch. One major reason for this Authorize the Comptroller to make Between Israel and Iran, for example, there decline can be found in the information selective profit studies of Government exists a quiet tie that reflects a common gathering process. In a time of ever contractors whose Government business concern about the forces of instability in growing complexity of Federal programs, aggregates $1 million or more annually. the region. the executive branch has become more Other parts of the bill authorize spe The relationship between Israel and Saudi and more aloof, often frustrating con Arabia is more complex. While neit her Is cific changes in GAO's auditing andre raelis nor Saudis are in a position to ac gressional oversight. Far too often we are view procedures, designed to help mod knowledge common interests, they do share at the mercy of the executive branch ernize its operations. a common perspective on many problems. which may choose not to provide Con I urge my colleagues to seriously con For instance, the pipeline which carries great gress with certain facts. If we are going sider this proposal. We must take action quantities of Saudi oil to Western users to operate on a par with the Executive, to insure that we legislate responsibly passes through the IsraelLheld Golan Heights it is necessary to have the information and effectively from as informed a view and, over that portion of its length, it has which will allow us to legislate effectively. functioned without major disruption. More point as possible. over, the Saudis, a tempting target for any In his recent testimony before the number of forces, would not last long with House Select Committee on Committees, out a stable Jordan, a more or less calm the Comptroller General stated that- Egypt and a contained Syria and Iraq. The A primary objective of the GAO in all of THE EFFECT OF BUREAUCRATIC Saudis understand this very well. QUr work is to strengthen, wherever it can, GOVERNMENT ON SMALL BUSINESS Important as the Middle East may be to the processes through which reliable in the future of the international energy econ formation can be obtained by Congress. in its omy, it is not ·the whole story. Even if we oversight as well as its authorization and ap HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT had assurances that the flow of oil from propriation responsibilities as well as the con OF CALIFORNIA the Middle East would continue without in clusions and recommendations of the GAO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES terruption, we would still have to under which flow from our audits. To attain this take the development of new sources of objective, the work of GAO must be relevant Friday, June 29, 1973 energy on an urgent basis. Indeed, I am and responsive to the changing needs of persuaded that we can no longer temporize Congress. Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, the and continue to sit idly by as our depend problem of Government meddling in pri ence upon imported oil-whatever its If the GAO, as an agent of Congress, is vate business has risen to an all time source-continues to grow. to attain its broad objective of assisting · high. The Federal Government has re The United States, wi:th 6 per cent of the us in effective legislation, it is imperative sorted to the use of wage and price con world's population, presently uses over one that its statutory base now be revised. trols, Government installed marketing third of the world's energy. Other devel H.R. 9002 proposes . several revisions quotas, and other such methods, in order oped nations also consume disproportionate which would result in a stronger and to try and regulate the business and eco amounts of energy on a per capita basis. more efficient General Accounting Office The developing countries will require more nomics of day to day operations. This energy as they industrialize, and they are that would be essentially independent of action has had a drastic effect on the certainly entitled to their share of this finite the Executive. small businesses of America. Not only do resource. But oil supplies are limited. We First of all, the bill would give the our small business institutions find it cannot downplay energy research and devel GAO important enforcement powers, hard to exist and operate under such opment while the world drains the deplet which up to this point it has lacked. It conditions, they also find little incen able reserves of the Middle East. provides that funds be cut off from any tive to increase production and improve Moreover, alternative energy sources will Federal agency which illegally withholds · on what they already have. restrain the cost of Middle East oil. Without information requested by the GAO. In alternatives. crude oil prices will certainly I want to bring to the attention of my rise and, in a short time, gasoline retail such a case the Comptroller General's colleagues a statement I have received prices could reach a dollar per gallon. The right to such information would be re from one of my constituents, Mr. Jerry · dollar holdings of a few Arab states may reach viewed by a three-judge Federal court, Bigalk, who owns a Printing Service Cen proportions that could enable them to dom and the funds cut off would be subject ter in Lancaster, Calif. I think it would inate international economic conditions. By to disapproval of either House of Con do us all good to follow his advice: failing to act now to develop alternative gress. Federal spending must not be increased; sources of energy we are prolonging the In addition, the bill for the first time there should be Price Controls on Federal period during which the supply and price would authorize the GAO to sue in Fed Government spending also! The government of imported oil can be dictated by whoever eral court with lawyers of its own choos should have to practice what laws they pass. might happen to control a handful of Per It is getting to the point where a business ing. Up to now, when the GAO disagreed man doesn't have time to conduct business sian Gulf nations. with an executive agency, when it be This is why I have proposed a ten-year, and deV'ote his full-time to his customers, $20-billion program to translate several lieved that an agency was spending because he has to spend so much time with promising technological developments into funds illegally or erroneously, the Justice endless reports for the government!!! More commercially viable sources of energy. We Department would serve as counsel to and more paper work, which takes more and more time to complete and return to the have already waited far too long to increase both the GAO and the agency it was in vestigating. This part of the bill would proper bureau, department or oflice. We our options. We must abandon myopic in businessmen are the Government's book decision · and make a determined start on · help the GAO get the independence it keepers. What used to be the "Government alleviating this increasingly critical situa needs to enforce the intentionS of Con for the People" is becoming the "People for tion. gress. the Government". 22472 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 CAREER MEN SKIPPED require Senate confirmation. The director of ula ted remaining valleys in the coal area.s BLM serves at the pleasure of the secretary. of Central Appalachia, with about 500- 700 Silcock's departure reportedly was by mu· households in the communities of Fonde, . HON. MORRIS K. UDALL tual agreement after the firing late last year Pruden, Hamblintown, Clairfield, Buffalo, and of Interior's assistant secretary Harrison Straight Creek. Your company owns perhaps OF ARIZONA Loesch. Silcock h~l.d become director after 85 percent of the v.alley there. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES serving as BLM's state director for Alaska. He In this remote valley, the American Asso Friday, June 29, 1973 hails from Burley, Idaho, and has been with ciation has displayed corporate profit seekine, BLM for over 20 years. at its worst. It has permitted wanton and de Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, one of the His pre-.~.ecessor was Boyd Rasmussen, who structive "strip mining"-mining by blasting most alarming things about the Nixon had been a career man with the Forest Serv and scraping away the Sl:trface instead of administration is the politicizing of for ice until tapped for BLM director by Stewart tunneling into a coal deposit. Once-beautiful merly nonpolitical agencies. Highly spe Udall. mountains are now scarred and gouged; foli The designation of Berklund would be the age is razed; streams are clogged and filled cialized agencies like the Park Service, second political appointment to an old line with acid and filth; the inhabitants are en the Internal Revenue Service, the Bu Interior agency, previously headed by career dangered by landslides, floods, and polluted reau of Labor Statistics, and the FBI men, since the presidential election of last water. The difference between what strip have been used to handle purely political November. mining is doing to the land in Appalachia, assignments for the White House and TI1e first was the appointment of Ronald and what B-52 bombers have done to the skilled individuals are being phased out Walker, a former insurance executive, as land in Southeast Asia, is one of degree, not of sensitive positions in favor of unquali head of t he National Park Service. of kind. And while carting away over 2.2 million fied political appointees. tons of coal per year, leaving the region that Now it appears that the Bureau of much poorer, and in ruin, the American As Land Management will fall prey to this STRIP MINING sociation and the Companies to which it policy. Curtis J. Berklund, a former lum leases have virtually ignored the needs of the ber corporation executive, is currently residents there. They have avoided their fair slated to head the BLM, replacing the share of the local tax burdens .. They have present director, Burton W. Silcock. HON. LEE METCALF presided over the destruction of job opportu Berklund's appointment could result in OF MONTANA nities. They have even blocked the efforts IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES of the local citizens to better their own lot. anticonservation management of vital Idealism and good intentions-spiced, al national resources. Friday, June 29, 1973 beit, with a goodly dose of empire and pro Mr. Speaker, I include an article from fits-propelled your firm into Appalachia in the June 18 edition of the Salem, Oreg., Mr. METCALF. Mr. President, Ralph the early 1890s. Backed by capital from Statesman dealing with Mr. Berklund in Nader has written a long and eloquent Britain's Baring Brothers, the American As the RECORD: appeal to the head of a British-owned sociation founded a town called Middlesboro firm to pursue an enlightened policy with (after a British counterpart) in the state of CAREER MEN SKIPPED IN BLM APPOINTMENT respect to strip mining in Appalachia. Kentucky, and set out to make it the boom (By A. Robert Smith} The letter serves as the vehicle for de ing iron and coal capitol of the southern WASHINGTON.-The Nixon administration United States. The venture was to strike a scribing the historical impact of strip bold new phase in British enterprise and in is planning to install a former lumber com mining generally, as well as the business pany executive and rancher in charge of Anglo-American relations. "This is but a the Bureau of Land Management, the In practices which preceded the mining. I transfer of British business to American soil," terior Department agency that has jurisdic ask unanimous consent that it be printed proclaimed American Association founder tion over the vast public lands of the West in the RECORD. Alexander Arthur on November 11, 1890, to and the valuable commercial O&C forest There being no objection, the letter visiting dignitaries in the newly-resplenden t lands of western Oregon. was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Middlesboro Hall. He went on: Curtis J. Berklund, former president of as follows: "I would say that America needs this place Berklund International Lumber Co. of St. and our Anglo-American money, experience MAY 16, 1973. and push. OUr mines, ovens, furnaces and Maries, Idaho, is slated to replace Burton Sir DENYS FLOWERDEW LOWSON, W. Silcock, who has been director of BLM works you have seen; these comprise our Chairman, Board of Directors, American plant. We have also the sinews of body and about two years. Association, Ltd., London, England. of money and stand ready, clean-cut and Silcock is scheduled to be transferred to DEAR SIR DENYS: vigorous, for a generation of progress and Alaska as federal co-chairman of the Joint 0, it is excellent success in manufacture, arts, and sciences. Land Use Planning Commission for Alaska. To have a giants' strength, but it is tyran Come and join hands with us in the great He will replace in that job Jack Horton who nous to use it like a giant. (Measure for was appointed earlier this year assistant enterprise which is worthy of the noblest Measure Act II, Scene 1.) efforts of us all, native or foreign born secretary of the Interior for land manage As a Life Governor of the Royal Shake though we may be." (emphasis supplied} ment. speare Theatre, you are no doubt familiar But misfortune, greed, and highly ques The appointment of Berklund would de with these lines. The thought has been ap tionable dealings soon shipwrecked the viate from past practices of appointing plied widely-and rightfully-to America's hoped-for "noblest efforts." The financial career government foresters or range man involvement in Vietnam. Yet as that war panic of 1893 dried up the venture's British agement experts to run the BLM. winds down, another one continues, a quiet, backing; Middlesboro was sold at auction, The only other political appointee in BLM sordid little war in the once-verdant moun and 80,000 acres of mountain and valley land history was Edward Woozley, but he had been tains of the states of Kentucky and Ten were mortgaged to the Central Trust Co. of Idaho's state lands director before taking nessee. The victims of this war are the local New York, for $1,500,000. over at BLM in 1953. Woozley served through residents and their land; the aggressors are Then a strange thing happened. The Cen out the eight years of the Eisenhower terms "strip miners." And the responsibility f.alls tral Trust filed to recover on the mortgage in and left as th~.. Kennedy regime began to go in large part upon the American Associations, 1894, and one J. H. Bartlett was appointed to work for then Sen. Len Jordan, R-Ida. Ltd., a British-based landholding and de Special Commissioner to conduct the sale. Berklund came to the Interior Department velopment company of which you are Chair Mr. Bartlett let the property go for but $25,- midway through Nixon's first term after dis man of the Board. 000-about thirty cents per acre. The buyer posing of his lumber interests. He served in The American Association, Ltd., control was, of all people, an agent of the American several minor staff positions until named about 65,000 acres-over one hundred square Association, Ltd., a newly-formed corpora deputy assistant secretary for lrmd mru.iage miles-of coal-rich land, in the Appalachian tion with essentially the same membership as ment a year ago. Mountains of Kentucky and Tennessee. This the American Association, Inc. Shortly there Berklund, who was politically &ssoci.a.ted region is famous for a sad paradox: human after, Mr. J. H. Bartlett became General Man with former GOP Gov. Don Samuelson of misery and abject poverty atop and amidst ager of American Association, Inc. Idaho, was vice president of the Amerlcan some of the world's most abundant mineral The American Association, Inc. said later River Lumber Co. at Elk City, Idaho, before deposits. The explanation is regrettably that the land had been worth well over one running his own company from 1964 to 1967. · simple. Appalachia is a colony. The people half million dollars at the time of the sale. The only thing holding up the change of there do not own the wealth. Large, outside. This strange transaction did not go unno command at BLM is White House slowness in corporations like the American Association ticed. Creditors of the American Association, formalizing the president's designation of do. And the prime, almost exclusive, con Ltd. sued the new American Associatlon, Inc. Silcock to the Alaskan post. It has been cern of these corporations has been to ex in Claiborne County for "fraud," claiming awaiting White House action for months. ploit the region at the lowest possible cost to it had "paid nothing for said property." But Once that appointment has been an themselves. the records of this suit went up in flames nounced, Interior Secretary Rogers C. B. Most of your company's h oldings-about with the Claibome County Courthouse. And Morton will announce his appointment. tJf · 50,000 acres-lie in t he isolated "Clear Fork res ~archers could find no trace of the suit at Berklund, informed sources report. The BLM v :aney" in Claibome, Campbell, and Bell the Bell County Courthouse. appointment is automatic, since it does not Countie:: . CleCLr Forl{ is one of the most pop- The Association had acquired its Appa- June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS· 22473 lachlan Coal empire through means its Today, the need for local labor gone, a ment. The State Board seems to have borne founder Mr. Arthur and yourself might not sort of undeclared warfare has broken loose. out these claims when it tripled values Mr. wish to label a "transfer of British business The companies to whom you lease are mak Fund reported for properties now leased to to American soil." Most records of the era are ing an unchecked assault upon the land, Consolidation Coal. eithe\" missing, or else were burned with the and in consequence, on its people. Still, the strip mines on your land are County Courthouse. But the region is alive Is it hyperbole to compare your company's greatly underassessed and undertaxed. Two with tales of how American Association presence in Appalachia to a war zone? Con companies mining your land, under lease, agents tricked, threatened, or forced un sider the evidence. appear to have escaped taxation altogether, educated mountain people into giving up while others seem to have kept all their min 1. ENVIRONMENTAL DESTRUCTION ing equipment off of the tax rolls. As late as their valuable coal-land for fifty cents to a Irresponsible strip mining on your lands dollar an acre. Said one mountaineer 1972 your coal-rich Clairborne County lands in Tennessee harkens dismally of the laying that were not being mined were still assessed recently: waste-to-the-land strategies of bygone gen "The American Association said the land at only $25/acre, less than the least expen erals. As you know, a strip miner literally sive farm land in the county. was worthless and that they would give my blasts away the sides or top of a mountain. daddy a dollar an acre and we could live on He then bulldozes the debris over the side, 3. HOUSING the land and pay rent and they would pay and shovels out the coal. The process is fast, As the major employer in the Clear Fork the taxes. We didn't know it but we were cheap, and destructive in the extreme. Land Valley, and as owner of most of the land, standing barely 4' from a seam of coal when the American Association once provided most the American Association was talking to us." slides block roads and railways, destroy homes and farmlands, and imperil human of the housing as well, But now that it no· Local residents say that when the property longer needs the people, it seeks to get rid records burned with the Courthouse, the beings. The blasting alone has cracked the frames and foundations of homes. Streams, of them. Is it your company's declared policy American Association used the chance to to tear down its houses in the valley, and claim property that wasn't theirs. choked with silt and debris, flood at the slightest rainfall, leaving harmful deposits not to build new ones. The houses your com At first, self interest bound the American pany still rents, it won't repair. Nor will it Association, and the coal operators to which on scarce fertile soils. Acid and mineral sub stances pollute the water and endanger the compensate tenants who make their own re it leases, to a sort of uneasy truce with the pairs. And the leases it grants are usually _ people of the region. The companies needed area's water supply. "We are afraid to go to sleep when it rains. but for thirty days, if it grants a lease at m~n to dig the coal out of the large deep We just stay up all night," says one Tennes all. And they empower you to evict without mmes. So they had to provide these men cause or reason. and their families with a place to live and at see resident whose property these floods have ruined. In the Clear Fork Valley, some people , "I've seen barns in better shaps ... Why, least a minimal level of human services. Usu I ve worked farms where people wouldn't ally this level was indeed minimal. The min must boil their water and add chlorine to it to make it safe to drink. And the Campbell keep their animals in barns the shape of ers and their families lived often in indecent these houses," one tenant said recently. conditions and worked in hazard-trap mines. County Highway Department has had to spend thousands of dollars clearing a single Meanwhile, strip mining destroys these And they were virtual serfs to the companies homes and the land on which they rest. that employed them and owned everything road after continual landslides . . Is this ·the experience of people in peace Residents count forty-two houses that have around them-their home, their credit at the been stripped away in the small Rock Creek company store, health care and recreation in or in war? Your company, the American Association, Hollow alone. the company town, even "justice" at the And your company has turned its back company-controlled courthouse. In the 1930s currently hosts more strip mining operations than does any other landowner in Tennessee. on both the immediate distress and the long your company, along with others, tried to run needs of people whose homes are thus keep these miners from joining a union that On your Claiborne County property alone, s~rippers laid waste to about 3,000 acres be destroyed. In 1955 on American Association could st~nd up for their rights. Yet, despite property, water broke through an old "slag" all this, the need for able, willing bodies to f~re the State passed a law in 1967 requiring that the land be restored. Since then, 1,400 pile, surged down and destroyed the Com mine the coal made the American Associa munity of Valley Creek. Two children were tion and its cohorts show some concern for more acres on your land have been stripped, and the reclamation is questionable at best killed. Your company offered meager com the region and its people. pensation. Just last year your company did But the chord that had kept this uneasy despite the new law. 2. TAX EVASION not take preventive action when a landslide truce together has broken. Mining coal no from a strip mine on your land threatened longer requires people. In fact, people just While their mineral wealth is literally cart homes and lives in the Communitv of Buffalo get in the way. Your company has expressed ed out from under them, the people of this Hollow until after local citizens hired :tn the desire to rid the area of residents. It will region pay, in measurable and immeasur attorney and Granada Television filmed the no longer repair homes, and it plans to tear able ways, for this destruction. State and slide for broadcast in Britain. Even the be them down in the near future. Yet there is local governments have to clear the roads lated efforts you have taken-which have little other housing or even property on after landslides and both roads and bridges had little success-are of small comfort to which to build housing. Depopulation has re after illegally overweight coal trucks have people who have had to evacuate homes on placed paternalism as official corporate beaten them apart. The people pay for this your property before the invading army of policy. through taxes, and through their own efforts bulldozing strip miners. Or to residents such "The people would be better off, and we to undo the damage to their homes and as Lewis Lowe, who now faces perennial would be better off, if they would be off our property. Yet not only do they get little or flooding long Clear Fork Creek. Or to the land," said Mr. Alvaredo E. Funk, the Amer nothing, not even jobs, in return. Your com people endangered or blocked in by the land ican Association's General Manager in Mid pany even avoids its duty to pay taxes to meet slides on such places as Duff Road. dlesboro, Ky. the costs of local government. Your manager, Mr. Funk, stated on the It began in the 1950s, when a coal market In the United States, local governments depend mainly on property taxes. Especially G:ranada television documentary, "The Strlp slump forced many coal operators to close pmg of Appalachia," "We're ploughing back down. Medium sized independent operators, in Appalachia, where coal is the major form of property wealth, owners like the American our share into the development of Appala like those that lease much American Associ chia." Ploughing, indeed, there is aplenty. ation land, were especially affected. Employ Association are expected to pay their share. But apparently the only "development" is on ment in the region dropped sharply. In 1952 But it hasn't worked out that way in Clai borne County. Your 44,000 coal laden acres a minor part of your holdings, in Cumber- there were 1,230 coal mining jobs in Clai " land Gap, across the giant Cumberland borne County; by 1958 there were but 282. there represent 17 · percent of the County's land area and perhaps 90 percent of the Mountain from Clear Fork Valley. Here one Your company made no effort to provide finds a new Holiday Inn for tourists, and other sources of employment for the men County's coal reserves. Yet in 1970 your prop erty taxes provided only 3 percent of the here a marina and golf course are planned, thrown out of work. as your May 19, 1971 Statement to Snare Since the 1950s, the market for coal has County's property tax revenue. That year your company claimed to the State Board of holders puts it, "to attract the wealthier revived. More than revived. It is positively citizens of Pineville and Middlesboro." What bullish. But bullish for the American Asso Equalization-the board of appeals-that 40,000 acres of its coal-rich land were worth of the less wealthy residents of your 50,000 ciation and other coal owners and operators, or more acres in the isolated Clear Fork not for the people of the region where you , but five dollars per acre. Yet in that one year alone you garnered more in royalty payments Valley? get the coal. Automation and strip mining They could move elsewhere, one might have cut drastically the need for miners. At fr_om the mining companies to which you lease. r{lply. After all, your Statement to Share the single large deep mine left on your prop holders the following year applauds your con erty, that of Consolidation Coal. 350 men Complaints by local citizens led the Ten nessee Board of Equalization to require that . tribution to the local housing supply. "We with modern machinery turn out about as have continued," it says, "our policy of much coal as 1,500 men produced at nine coal properties ibe assessed more accurately. n'lines in 1948. And men are even more dis But the figures your General Manager Mr. building houses on plots of land owned by pensible in strip mining. In Claiborne Coun Funk then supplied the State were dubious us.... " But these too are across the Cum ty alone, 200 men can now blast and bull at best. Local citizens charged that Mr. berland Mountains. In the isolated valley, doze out almost as much coal as 1,500 deep Funk's suspicious figures gave your company housing is scarce because your company miners could dig in 1948. an almost one million dollar underassess- owns most of the land and is tearing down
-. 22474 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 its houses. There are very few "elsewheres" criminately cause so much havoc to a small There is a larger lesson to be learned from for people who wish to remain in the land community. •.• My teeUngs after watching your destructive Appalachian venture. It is where they and their parents were raised. a recent television programme on the sub simply to apply to social problems, on the And jobs and living condit ions in the distant ject were ones of total horror. corporate level, the old adage "To foresee is to cit ies are very uncertain. " You must realize that I am an English forestall." It would be a signal act of cor woman of absolutely no importance, but 4 . PREVENTING LOCAL SELF-HELP porate foresight and responsibility for you to nevertheless, would like to use the good of set up now a special committee to monitor To keep the area under tight control, the fices of your newspaper to apologise !or the the social impact of all the businesses you American Association has blocked the efforts. desecration caused by an English company, control. This committee should comprise of local citiZens to help themselves, to pro on land in a country that has always had both people from Within your enterprises, vide for their own jobs and housing. These very close ties With my own.... " and repTesentatives of outside groups speak veople have formed a community develop It is true that the American Association ing for important social concerns. It should ment organization, the Model Valley De is just one small part of your nearly L220m have the full authority of your office, and velopment Council, to better the lot of the ($500,000,000) secrecy-enshrouded corporate should report directly to you. valley and its residents. Several years ago, empire, of which Investors Chonicle magazine "Come and join hands with us in the great when the Council approached your company said, " What is quite unknown is how the enterprise which is worthy of the noblest to buy land for a small factory, your com empire is controlled. how the various com efforts of us all ..." procl&imed the sanguine pany would consent to sell or lease only a panies relate to each other. This empire founder of the American Association, Alexan single small tract. It was covered with . slag spans from Australia and Thailand to Canada der Arthur. While the standard since then and refuse from an old mine, and the Asso and the West Indies, and includes pursuits so has fallen miserably, it is not too late to hoist ciation would let it go only if the local people diverse as racetracks, rubber plantations, it up again. In fact, the decline, like adver themselves cleaned up the shameful mess. and equipment for hairdressing salons. sity, could be sweet. It could occasion an rn 1972 the American Association refused But the policies of the American Associa ascent to a truly higher standard of corpo to sell or lease land for the people to build tion spell the fate of the people and culture rate action and accountability. homes. Last autumn, American Association of the Clear Fork Valley. And they are now Will you exert your «noblest efforts" to General Manager Funk would not consider causing embarrassment to people of your that end? Or will your neglect be the occa making just one-half acre available for the own country. sion of a mobilized citizenry recovering their community to build a health clinic. Since You have shown charitable instincts in future through resurgent legal and political then (and after wide showing of the Granada many ways. You have served as officer or di action? T.V. documentary) Mr. Funk has suggested rector of six hospitals. In 1953 you were on Sincerely, you might lease-but not sell-some land. the Executive Council of the Lord Mayor's RALPH NADER. But the people are still waiting. Mean National Flood and Tempest Distress Fund. while your company won't even let them cut Until 1948 you were Vice President of the trees for wood to repair their homes. League of Mercy. The mere control of so much of this area's Now you can· apply this same sense of re AN ANCIENT RIVER land and wealth sets your company athwart sponsibility to the corporate realm. any growth or local self help there. The What can you do? Such steps as the fol County government is reluctant to provide lowing, which you could set in motion at HON. WILMER MIZELL services like sewers and roads because the once, could begin to change your company OF NORTH CAROL~A population is sparse-sparse largely due to from a hostile aggressor to a more respon American Association policy. Lack of these sible constructive citizen. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES services in turn keeps new builders away. 1. Firs-t, and most important, you should Friday, June 29, 1973 And potential industries shun the almost personally visit the region, for at least sev total dependence on your company that set eral days, to see :first hand what your com Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, I have ting-up in the region would involve. pany'"s policies have done. You should meet spoken many times in this Chamber Your company won't help these people. with local residents to hear their views and about the proposed Blue Ridge power And it won't let them help themselves. to discuss your company's past actions and project on the New River at the North The American Association's seventy year plans for the future. occupation of this forgotten portion of Ten Carolina-Virginia border. 2. Your company should inventory, and I nessee has resulted, then, in what? Surveys begin to correct. the damage strip mining have spoken in opposition to this in the Valley have shown unemployment at on its land has done. Especially urgent is the project when mine was little more than about 30 percent. Around 20 percent of the need to correct damage to homes, farms, a voice crying in the wilderness, and it households live on less than $1,000 per year; roads, and water supplies. has made me very happy in recent another 20 percent make less than $2.,000. 3. You should require all companies to months to see more and more public ($9,400 per year was the average family in whom the American Association leases, to ofiicials and other concerned citizens come in this country in 1969.) Homes are restore carefully and completely the property take so active a role in the opposition as being destroyed and land and water are on which they mine, and to repair any dam well. being ruined. Prospects for employment are age they do to the people or the region. grim. Prospects generally are grim, with your 4. You should also require these companies One group of environmentalists, the company looking ahead to 25-30 more years to cooperate fully with tax officials, and to Izaak Walton League of America, has of strip mining, and then timber cutting provide them with the information neces taken a particular interest in this proj after that. sary te> set fair and equitable property tax ect, and in a recent publication, it out Does this picture suggest the presence of assessments. Such information should in- · lines the basic facts of the case and ex a responsible citizen or of a greedy aggres elude lease agreements, royalty rates, and plores the weaknesses inherent in the sor? And what will the picture be in twenty survey and estimates of coal reserves. project proposal. five more years?-not in the small portion 5. As a symbol of your desire to compensate For my colleagues' consideration and of your land north of CUmberland Mountain, the people of the region for the valuable land where· you are building playspots for the your agents tricked or threatened their fore information, I am inserting the text of rich, but in the depressed Clear Creek Valley bears into selling, you should donate some that article in the REcoRD at this point: where most of your holdings lie? of your 50,000-odd acres for community de STRUGGLE FOR AN ANCIENT RIVER The bloom Indeed has faded from the velopment. Several reseTvoirs built in southwestern hopes your countrymen held for the Ameri 6. You should keep in good repair the Virginia and West Virginia near the turn of can Association venture in Kentucky and housing you rent to local people. And you the century had an original depth of 50-100 Tennessee. How dJ:fferent the response of two should extend t o them fair and adequate feet. Today they are several inches deep. English people, viewing the enterprise at the lease protection. Their waters gradually melted away the outset and now. Visiting the area of 1891, 7. You should stop refusing to sell land to man-made banks filling the reservoirs With Sir James Kitson, then-President of the local groups seeking to build industry or silt and other accumulated debris. When the British Iron and Steel Institute, could boast ~ housing. surface elevaton of a reservoir is mechani "I think we ali, as Englishmen, rejoiced. 8. You should instruct your General Man cally fluctuated, this process is accelerated. to see a town which was being developed with ager, Mr. Alverado E Funk, to negotiate with The Appalachian Power Co. seeks to build so much sagacity, so much judgment and local citizen groups a fair and equitable com two such reservoirs in western Virginia and energy; that was being developed under Eng pensation for all the property taxes which the North Carolina: reservoirs that would de lish auspices and with British capital." American Association has avoided in the past. stroy the oldest river in the United States, Eighty years later your countrymen weTe 9. You should, in the future, consult with much of its surroundint; virgin woodland and holding their heads a bit lower. After watch these citizen groups about changes in your the legacy of the people of the area-a legacy ing the Granada television documentary on company's policies in the area. of life and land handed down :from. their your holdings in Clear Fork Valley, a Mid Such steps wm help get your company out forefathers who settled here generations ago. dlesex, England woman felt impelled to write of its social red ink in Appalachia. But what The river is the New River, the second old a small local Tennessee newspaper: of the many other companies you control? est river in the world-second only to the "I write to tell you how ashamed I am that Are they too laying waste t o forgo-tten corners Nile. Geologists claim the New has been fiow an English-owned company can so indis- of the world? ing over 100 million years. June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22475
From its source near Blowing Rock, N.C., The project will obliterate 44 miles of the The FPC report ·states there are no build the South Fork of the New River joins the river, changing forever its :flow, temperature, ings, structures or objects located within the North Fork (which tumbles down from the aquatic inhabitants, recreation and simple project area that are significant to Ameri Tennessee line) near Sparta, N.C. The river majesty. can history, architecture, archeology or cul flows north into Virginia where it twists and The Izaak Walton League (along with con ture. If these virgin lands with their pure turns, crossing six southwestern counties, servation agencies from Virginia and W. Vir sparkling stream and waters-these people before heading northwest into West Virginia. ginia) submitted an extensive brief detail who trace their ancestors back to the first Well inside that state, the New and the Gau ing the project's adverse effects on fish prop settlers of their present homeland-this only ley River merge to form the Kanawha. Con agation and migration, the present species remaining portion of a prehistoric river-are tinuing northwest, the river flows through and quantity of fish and aquatic organisms of no significance to American history and the Charleston industrial complex, on to the and the entire recreational use of the river. culture, then we truly have no history and Ohio and finally the Mississippi. Ignoring this reesarch, the FPC statement this project signifies much more than the PREHISTORIC BEGINNING.<; declares, simply: "The presence of reservoirs death of a river. would restrict the movements of game and The New is the only remaining segment of other animals to a greater extent than the the much greater prehistoric Teays River which originated in the ancestral Appalach river does at present.'' The project will severely restrict the sur ALFORD, MASS., CELEBRATING ITS ian mountains of North Carolina and trav vival of the abundant game species in the elled 1000 miles through Virginia, W. Vir area. Woods that once sheltered deer, quail, BICENTENNIAL THIS YEAR ginia, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. It then turned south to empty into an arm of the pheasant, grouse, wild turkey, fox, raccoon Gulf of Mexico which in ancient times ex and rabbits will be destroyed. The reservoirs tended as far north as Illinois. with their huge drawdowns and vast mud HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE During the last ice age, the glaciers moved flats will replace the clear mountain streams OF MASSACHUSETTS south, covering the lower half of the Teays they watered at and bathed in. Wild berries IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and fruit that nourished them will give way from Ohio down river. The rest of the river Friday, June 29, 1973 was stopped short, backing up to form a long to dams and towering transmission lines. Be narrow lake in Ohio and W. Virginia. When cause the reservoirs will destroy many exist Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, the town of the glaciers recedec, the lake gradually ing homesites, additional land will be razed and cleared and homes for people will re Alford, located in my First Congressional drained, but the Teays never resumed its District of Massachusetts, is celebrating course. The glaciers had forever altered the place still more animal sanctuaries. tlow of the Teays when its streaming melt Even proponents of the dam have acknowl its bicentennial this year and I would waters met with the overflow from other edged the breath-taking beauty of the area. like to call the attention of my colleagues streams and forged a new path through the The same glaciers that changed the course to the many attributes of this lovely com- land. The downstream portion of the Kana of the Teays, but stopped before reaching munity. - wha was lowered to flow into a brand new the New, are also credited with the juxta Tucked away in the beautiful Berk river ssytem-the Ohio, :-.nd a previously mi position of northern and southern vegeta tion in the area. The theory is that the area shire hills, Alford is one of the smallest nor tributary became the mighty Mississippi. but most charming towns in the region. Only the New River portion of the Teays sur was close enough to the glaciers to maintain vived intact. the northern evergreens and pines, yet far By population, just over 300, and land For more than ten years the Appalachian enough away to retain the :flowering bushes area, 6,332 acres, Alford is not large. But Power Co. has sought to dam and destroy and trees of the south. Botanists have de using the measure by which a community this river; for almost as long, the people of scribed the area as the most unique-in should be judged-the quality of life and the area have fought to save it. terms of variety-of any in the world. the spirit of its citizens-the town may Appalachian seeks a license to construct a THE AUTHOR'S IMPRESSIONS certainly be called grand. two-dam pumped storage and hydroelectric The destruction of the river necessarily Farming once flourished in Alford and project whose two reservoirs would inundate involves the disruption and destruction of is still pur~ued by several residents. 40,400 acres in N.C.'s Ashe and Alleghany a way of life. So much is written on the van In its early years, Alford was also a Counties and Grayson County, Va. ishing buffalo, alligator, leopard or seal, yet "The Blue Ridge Project", as originally these people are truly the vanishing Amer small but important industrial center. A proposed ( 1962) , called for two reservoirs icans. Their life will be gone when their full century before its incorporation as flooding 19,500 acres. Licensing of this proj land is gone as the two are inseparable. For a town, Alford saw the construction of ect by the Federal Power Commission ( 1965) generations they have lived on and from their its first grist mill. was blocked by the intervention of the U.S. land, working on it, hunting and fishing on The discovery, in 1799, of a high grade Interior Department. Interior insisted that it, enjoying its peace and beauty. A people of marble within the town's environs the project should store water for periodic at one with their land-they work it hard stimulated excavation. Marble from Al releases to improve the quality of the Ka and love it well. ford's quarries was used in the construc nawah River 250 miles downstream in Just as rare as their way of life is their Charleston, home of several major industries. way of looking at life-their sense of priori tion of the Old City Hall in New York The larger, "modified proposal", was con ties. One man told me: "I've earned more City and in Albany, N.Y., the State ceived to accommodate this request. money before and I could now. But my job House, the Market, and the Law Build The people of the project area objected to took too much time away from enjoying my ing were built of Alford marble. being a :flushpot for pollution dilution down life and my family. I don't need much to do When the railroad spread its spider stream with its resulting penalty of a 12- that. I have everything I want.'' like arms through the western part of foot drawdown in the Upper Reservoir and a Another resident was concerned about con the State, Alford was bypassed in favor 56-foot drawdown in the Lower. (With a 12- struction that would accompany the reser of other quarry towns. Thus, it might be foot drawdown a 60-foot wide strip of mud voirs: "They'll widen the roads and all sorts flats would be exposed around the entire of fancy motels will move in. We don't have said that Alford was spared the ravages 425 mile shoreline of the Upper Reservoir). the money to go to them-and we don't want of further industrialization. Charleston made their own mess, they con to. So all outsiders will come in and they'll Alford is a member of the Southern tended, let them take care of it. take control because they'll have the money." Berkshire Regional School District and Fortunately, the dangerous precedent of The 5,000 people who will have to relocate its one-room schoolhouse, housing only the pollution dilution concept has been all have no place to go. There is not enough land kindergarten now, is one of the three but abolished in the January, 1973 FPC's available in the counties to house them public buildings in the town. Draft Environmental Statement on the proj unless they'd settle for a house on a small ect. But for the people in the area, the proj lot. No matter where they go, life as they Religion has always played a major ect will remain the same: Appalachian has have k:p.own it will be over. role in the lives of the inhabitants of the said they need the entire modified project, Appalachian promises to move all Church town of Alford and its common house of including drawdowns, to meet increasing cemeteries and small family graveyards that worship, the Union Meeting House, built power demands. will be flooded. And so the ancestors, many in 1817, still stands as a reminder of the The reservoirs would flood 40,400 acres of of whom have rested here since the 18th strong faith of the early citizens of Al some of the least spoiled, most beautiful, Century, will be uprooted also. No longer ford. In fact, one theory of how the town wooded mountain land in the country. Thou will you be able to witness the deep roots in sands of acres of rich bottom lands and pas got its name is that it was titled after this area by driving down country roads Col. John Alford of Charlestown, known tures-all the best agricultural land in the and matching the mailbox names with those area, and 212 miles of tributary creeks-much in the graveyards. They'll all be scattered. for his philanthropic work in the found of it exceptional trout waters, would be inun The legacy of these proud, independent peo ing of a missionary society for Indians dated. Approximately 5,000 people will be ple will disappear fo:rever under the waters and the endowment of a chair of theology forced from their homes and livelihoods. of these dams. How ironical that their old at Harvard in 1761. Another theory And for the first time in 100 million years, friend the river should be forced to use its holds it was named after Alford, Eng the course of the New River would be altered. :waters to do so. land. 22476 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 On Saturday, July 7, the meeting tics, I have never seen a campaign as mean retain, as he has done, his sanity, his ability house, now known as the Alford Union and indefensible as the effort headed by the to function (involving a constructive read Church, will be the scene of an ecumeni- New York Times, the Washington Post and justment of his own staff), and his determi cal worship service as the citizens of AI- most of the television news media to crucify nation to ride out this storm. In my judg Richard Nixon. ment, most prominent Washington office ford gather to thank Divine Providence I have said many times (not always in holders would have caved in under the for the blessings bestowed on the first 200 jest) that Republicans are stupid }Joilti pressures to which he has been subjected. years of their town. That evening, the cally. In no case has my theory been more When the lawyer for James McCord who townspeople will gather for a community completely vindicated than in Watergate. is trying desperately to save himself: says sing-along. The one thing properly chargeable to Presi- that his own client is a liar, and McCord's On the Friday preceding that, Alford dent Nixon is that. as a seasoned politician, second lawyer states that their objective now residents will turn the clocks back for he permitted his campaign for re-election to is to "go after the President," should not the an old fashioned block dance in cele- be run by men who were not politicians, sensible and bored voters of this country tell bration of the bicentennial. And on Sun- ' who knew nothing about politics, and not them all to close the show, and let those who one of whom had ever been elected to public may have committed wrong be tried by the day, official ceremonies, a band concert, · office. One would have thought that such a efforts of the man appointed by the Presi and an arts and crafts show will be held. mistake would not ·be made by Mr; Nixon. dent-a Democrat, Archibald Cox-to punish Mr. Speaker, today Alford is a small · But we all make mistakes, and he is like the whatever wrongdoing has been perpetrated? town that delights in its situation. It at- · rest of us in that regard. · tracts summer residents, eager to escape The publicity which this matter has re from the clamor of c·ity life to the peace ceived is completely out of· hand. Rarely and beauty of town living. Its streams does anyone undertake to analyze the mo- MOMENT OF TRUTH tives behind this episode. None of the men and range of hills, crowned by Tom Ball involved made this burglary attempt in order Mountain, are delights for those seeking to benefit himself personally. They did not a tranquil setting. get in to steal money. They went in ap- HON. RICHARD BOLLING I invite my colleagues to visit Alford parently impelled by some unexplained rna OF MISSOURI during this year, its bicentennial year, or tive-at least so far unexplained adequate IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES at any time. And I further ask you to join ly-which, however mistaken, did not involve with me in saluting Alford on the oc- any personal benefit. The whole episode is in F1·iday, June 29, 1973 casion of its bicentennial. explicable. It was wholly unnecessary, and badly conceived. Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, the One question which has occurred to me column which follows should be read by but has not, so far as I know, ever been an every Member of the U.S. Congress and, swered, is: What part was played in this af in fact, by every person committed t<> the A DEMOCRAT ON WATERGATE fair by the concern about Castro? Why did idea of constitutional government and the men in the Committee to Re-elect the orderly process in our country: President think it was of any importance or would be helpful to involve the Cuban prob MOMENT OF TRUTH HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL lem in Mr. Nixon's campaign? (By Anthony Lewis) OF ILLINOIS This, of course, is m~rely one of many LONDON, June 27.-,The United States has : IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES things which have not as_yet been explained. had many Presidents 'who took a broad view My own feeling is that the episode has been of their power under the Constitution but Friday, June 29, 1973 overworked and the Senate committee has never before has any President sought to ~r. MICHEL. Mr. · Speaker, today contributed to no result of·any benefit to the amend the Constitution by himself-bra marks the end of another week of the American people. In fact, this ,monotonous zenly, defiantly, by fiat. Senate Watergate hearings with the piling up of second- and)hird-:p.and hearsay That is what President Nixon has just evidence has already dragged on far too long. done in vetoing the appropriations bill that committee scheduled to recess after to I do not agree with many things which banned any further money for the bombing day's session until July 10. President Nixon says and does, but I believe of Cambodia. Even after all that we have According to press accounts and some he is not stupid. That is why I believe he had learned in these last months, after the Water opinion polls, the folks around the coun nothing to do with the Watergate effort. gate and its associated crimes, the import of try have mixed feeUngs about the hear Personally, I am sick of the Watergate that veto is breathtaking. ings-some are simply tired of them publicity. I believe the average American 1s What it amounts to is this. If Mr. Nixon while still others feel they should con sick of it, too. It is being exploited by pub has his way, the Constitution will effectively tinue for as long as necessary for all licity-seekers in both parties and, in partic contain a new clause that says: ular, by the enemies of the President. In "The President shall have power to wage those involved to be questioned by the fairness to my own party, I believe that war unless the Congress, by a two-thirds committee. most of our leaders have been restrained and vote of both houses, shall order him to One noteworthy opinion was expressed fair. I would include Sen. George McGoverr. desist." by the Honorable Charles Sawyer, Secre (D-S.D.) in this group. I would not, however, It is crucial that as many Americans as tary of the Commerce Department in the include Sen. William Fulbright (D-Ark.), who possible understand what is involved. Our Truman administration in a letter to the suggested that the President and vice presi country has had so many crises of conscience editor of the Cincinnati Enquirer on dent should resign. He knows that this will and law in recent years that a certain weari not happen. President Nixon is not a quitter. ness is understandable. But this one is of a June 13, 1973, and I include the text of He rather welcomes than avoids a fight. the letter in the RECORD at this point. different character-a genuine constitutional Not only will President Nixon not resign, crisis, in the words o~ that moderate and A DEMOCRAT ON WATERGATE but why, in Heaven's name, should Mr. gentle man, Senator Mike Mansfield. To THE EDITOR: I am a Democrat. I have Agnew resign? It has never been charged or An explanation in ABC terms is the1·efore participated in and observed politics for a intimated that he had the slightest connec required. It must begin with the original long time. I am a realist, I hope, and per tion with Watergate. If Fulbright and others language of the Constitution, which vested in haps even a cynic with reference to politics. in both parties are so anxious to ditch Mr. Congress alone the power "to declare war." As a Democrat I am happy and relieved that Nixon, why don't they do what is called for by Over the years, Presidents have taken mili my party is not involved in the so-called the U.S. Constitution-impeach him? That tary action of various kinds without a pre Watergate matter. I am, moreover, quite course is open to them. It is not a course vious formal declaration of war. That is willing to admit that Democrats at various which I, as a Democrat, recommend. Jim part of modern history, a gloss on the Con times and places have been guilty of ir Farley recently pointed out the folly of any stitution. regularities or even crimes-some of which such action, but it can be tried. But until now these Presidential military have been made public. I, of course, do not· condone for one min adventures have been of limited character I am moved to suggest that the persons ute the things which were done by the or duration, or else have depended for their in both parties who are, to the point of Nixon committee. Those who have commit legal support on the effective consent of nausea, undertaking to display their self ted crimes should be punished. Let this be Congress. The recent example was the righteous indignation, should be exposed our sole objective. Tonkin Gulf Resolution, which the Johnson for what they are--either completely dis I am moved to make one further com Administration used as the legal equivalent honest in their proclamation of virtue, or ment. As I have watched the developing and of a Congressional declaration in the Viet so ignorant of what goes on in politics that mounting volume of attack on and criticism nam w~r. they are not entitled to be heard. I believe of President Nixon, I have tried to think of The bombing of. Cambodia since the Paris many of my fellow Democrats, and probably what other man there is in public life today, agreements on Vietnam has been something many Republicans, despise the self-righteous in either party, who could have taken the quite different. For here Congress had not politicians, who are trying to capitalize on punishment which he has taken day after · implied its consent in any way, not by reso the misfortunes of Richard Nixon. day, week after week and month after month, lution and not by ratifying any treaty that In all the years that I have watched poli- from the news media and television, and still covered Cambodia. Nor could the President June 29, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22477 cite his responsibility for · the safety of any good friend as well, and we will miss 4. permits him to organize the new Depart American troops. both his services and his warm and. per ment at any time or in any way "as he may Now President Nixon has gone one long sonable friendship. I am sure all Mem deem to be necessary or appropriate," with step further. He claims independent author out Congressional approval, so long as he ity to wage war, in the name of the United bers join with me in expressing our does not "abolish" any of the 5 "Administra States, not only in the absence of Congres heartfelt appreciation to Frank, and in tions" created by the bill . (Sec. 403(b)); sional approval but in the face of clear wishing him well in the years ahead. 5. authorizes him to establish, alter, main disapproval. · tain, or discontinue, at any time or in any In short, he is attempting to reverse the way, State, regional, district, local, or other constit utional assumption. Instead of the old field offices of any Bureau, agency, or office idea that the United States should be at REPRESENTATIVE DINGELL CRITI under his ambit, including those of any peace unless Congress declared otherwise, CIZES SCOPE OF ADMINISTRA function transferred to him (Sec. 404); the new rule would be that a President may TION'S PROPOSED DEPARTMENT 6. authorizes him to appoint an unlimited t ake his country into war-and keep it there number of advsiory committees for whatever indefinitely-unless Congress stops him. OF ENERGY AND NATURAL RE purpose he deems appropriate and apparently And more than that, much more. For of SOURCES BILL without regard to the requirements of the course the veto provision of the Constitu Advisory Committee Act of 1972 and, most tion requires two-third majorities to over importantly, with no requirements that such ride. And by this veto Mr. Nixon would im HON. JOHN D. DINGELL committees be balanced in view point, repre pose that same requirement on Congress OF MICHIGAN sentation, and function (Sec. 407); and on the American people who it repre IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 7. authorizes him to provide for "partici sents-to stop a war. pation of military personnel" to help him The consequences of this veto, and of the Friday, June 29, 1973 carry out his functions; and such personnel House sustaining it, are therefore grave. The Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I have shall not "be charged against any statutory first is political, the crisis to which Senator limitation on strengths applicable to the Mansfield referred. carefully reviewed the June 18, 1973, ver Armed Forces". Thus, e.g., the Marine Corps Unless events somehow dissipate the sion of the administration's 53-page leg could double its strength without Congres clash between the Pre;>ident and the Con islative proposal to create a Department sional approval. (Sec. 408(c)); gressional majority, the talk of impeachment of Energy and Natural Resources and 8. authorizes contracts and agreements, mus·t now take a new and more immediate find it to fall just short of repealing the "including grant agreements," with anyone ground. For in the ultimate, if ·there is no Constitution. I have written to the Direc Without any dollar, percentage, or other lim other resolution, Congress is faced with an tor of the Office of Management and itation and then adds a catchall authoriza attempt at a Presidential coup d'etat. It tion to allow him to "generally take such must consider its own ultimate weapon. Budget, Mr. Roy L. Ash, and urged that steps as he may deem to be necessary or A second consequence is legal. The courts the administration scale down its bill. appropriate" to perform his functions (Sec. of the United States have been understand My letter is as follows: 410); ably wary of entertaining lawsuits that U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 9. provides new authority for concession challenge the lawfulness of war-making. But COMMITTEE ON MERCHANT MARINE agreements of up to 30 years for the use of that reluctance is likely to diminish when a AND FISHERIES, any real property or facility thereon under President wages war in flagrant violation of Washington, D .C., June 29, 1973. his jurisdiction, including areas of the Na law and the Constitution. On the legal Mr. RoY L. AsH, tional Wildlife Refuge System, National merits, his attempt to impose a two-thirds Director, Office of Management and Budget, · Forests, and Wilderness areas. In the case rule on Congress' war power would certainly Executive Office Building, Washington, of the National Park System it makes no ref not protect any official sued by citizens seek D.C. erence to the current statutory provisions ing to enjoin unlawful military spending. DEAR MR. AsH: I have read with great in (16 U.S.C. 20 et seq.) relative to concessions Finally, there is the consequence of con terest and skepticism the June 18, 1973, ver in the system (Sec. 413) ; science. Those of us who have opposed the sion (Part A and B) of the new Department 10. authorizes him to acquire, in carrying war cannot be regarded as detached on this of Energy and Natural Resources bill, to out his functions, copyrights, patents, li new question. And so it is fundamentally a gether with its section-by-section analysis. censes under copyright, patents, and appli problem for conservatives. Leaving aside for the moment the provi cations for patents, and releases, before suit Will Barry Goldwater sit still for a uni sions of the bill transferring various agen is brought, for past infringement of patents lateral Presidential amendment of the Con cies or parts thereof to the new Department, or copyright (Sec. 414); stitution? Will Melvin Laird, who joined the I find that this bill, particularly Part A, 11. authorizes unlimited power to conduct White House staff as an avowed Congres provides unfettered power to the new agen directly or by contract or grant R&D pro sional man? Will Elliot Richardson, who has cy, and in my judgment, falls just short of grams and to disseminate technological in begun to stake out his claim of independence repealing the Constitution. It is so sweep formation (Sec. 415); and as Attorney General? I hope and believe that ing that I doubt that the new agency head 12. authorizes him to accept gifts and be the answer will be no. will ever have to come to Congress for new quests of property and provides that for Fed legislative authority, except possibly to ex eral income, estate, gift taxes purposes such tend existing laws. property "shall be considered as a gift or be TRIDUTE TO FRANK BATTAGLIA It quite properly includes the normal, ad quest". (Sec. 418). ministrative provisions, such as those re It is interesting to note that, even in the lating to funds, personnel, and records of case of the administrative powers that are transferred agencies, required in any trans normally included in a bill of this nature, the HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON fer bill of this nature. But then it goes well provisions differ, sometimes substantially, . OF ILLINOIS beyond this. For example, it-- with similar provisions in other statutes 1. gives the new agency head power to creating new agencies, such as the Depart IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES appoint up to 25 officials in the agency to ment of Transportation (Public Law 89-670). Tuesday, June 26, 1973 any job, duty, function, or office he chooses After providing all these powers, section 422 at Level IV or V, without even the advice of the bill states: Mr. ANDERSON of lllinois. Mr. and consent of the Senate. These 25 officials, "Except as may be otherwise expressly pro Speaker, I am proud to join in the spe who will undoubtedly be political app ~ !ntees, vided in this part, all functions expressly cial order of the majority leader in pay are apparently intended to be powerful offi conferred by this part shall be in addition· ing tribute to Frank E. Battaglia who cials, since their levels (IV and V) are now to and not in substitution for functions ex has given this body 30 years of dedicated those of the Interior Department's present isting immediately before the effective date service as the dean of the corps of Offi six Assistant Secretaries (Sec. 202(e)); of this part and transferred by this part." cial Reporters of Debates. 2. weakens and amends the Fish and Wild But this provision is so vague and gen life Coordination Act, and takes away the eral that it will require years of costly liti We are all deeply grateful to Frank present statutory authority set forth in the gation and wrangling to find out to what ex for the years of conscientious and de Coordination Act whereby the Bureau of tent it limits the Secretary authority, if at voted service he has rendered in the Sport Fisheries and Wildlife expresses its all. House of Representatives. I think it is professional opinions and comments, with The bill transfers to the new Department fair to say that we all look on Frank's out political interference, on water resource important regulatory functions of the Corps retirement with feelings of sadness and projects and permits and licenses and places of Engineers, in addition to other functions happiness: We are sad that we will be this responsibility in the new Secretary (Sees. of the Corps and those of the Soil Conserva losing Frank, but we are happy for his 301(a) and303); tion Service, the Forest Service, and the 3. allows him to prescribe such policies, Transportation Department. I view this pro well-earned and richly deserved retire standards, criteria, procedures, rules, and vision with some alarm, because the bill pro ment. We are not only losing one of the regulations as he deems necessary or appro vides no safeguards to insure that this func most loyal and proficient servants this priate, without any statutory guidelines or tion and related decisionmaking will be con body has ever known, we are losing ·a limitations (Sec. 402(a)); ducted openly and with full public participa- 22478 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 29, 1973 tion. I think there is a distinct advantage to STERILIZATION IN ALABAMA the public to have this regulatory function a flagrant abuse of power and trust does carried out by one agency and the review not occur again. function by another. HON. EDWARD I. KOCH Finally, I note the bill declares that "the OF NEW YORK Federal Government has a national respon sibility to practice, with respect to the nat IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A SALUTE TO FRANK DEL BALZO ural resources it administers, and to foster Friday, June 29, 1973 the practice of, with respect to natural re sources administered by others, appropriate Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, the horrific HON. ROBERT N. C. NIX conservation, management and utilization case of pseudo-voluntary sterilization of OF PENNSYLVANIA policies. Such responsibility encompases two young black girls, aged 12 and 14, energy sources and the Federal Government in Montgomery, Alabama as reported in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES must exercise leadership in the timely de the press and television news on June 27, Friday, June 29, 1973 velopment and efficient and balanced utiliza 1973 goes far beyond ordinary bureau tion of such sources consonant with preserva Mr. NIX. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to cratic bungling and ineptitude in its congratulate a dedicated, conscientious, tion of environmental values." implication. In reality, this is the only congressional and effective public servant on the eve guideline in the 53 page bill. But it is too The ostensible reason for the steriliza of his retirement. Many of us have ob broad and vague. It will not limit the Secre tion cited by the Director of the CEO served the always willing and capable tary. It will be used I dare say to fosten any sponsored birth control clinic was that Frank Del Balzo in the pursuit of his scheme that the Secretary believes appropri "bo.ys were hanging around the girls too duties here in the House for the past ate. much," and presumably the latter might 12 years as Assistant Journal Clerk. For In my view, the powers in this bill, if it is get pregnant and raise children at pub 22 years prior to that, he had a distin submitted in this form, must be scaled down lic expense. and greater controls established before it can guished career in Government service By what right does a bureaucratic and has served that Government ad or should be enacted. functionary, one suppm:t)dly helping the In an apparent justification for such.broad mirably for a total of 34 years. powers, the section-by-section analysis poor, order such an irre"locable operation It is with a sense of sincere regret points out that some of these powers are on innocent though ill-informed pe0ple? that I learn of Frank's intended retire similar or identical to those set forth in Because they are black? Because they are ment. His deportment and friendliness other laws concerning other agencies. That poor? Decent people may question are a model which others on the House is quite true. But, if this bill was enacted in whether anyone would have dared to rec staff would do well to emulate. its present form, it would be the first time ommend sterilization, let alone per that all of these broad powers would be I did not know him during the years formed it, had the girls in question been of his career prior to his present voca available to one agency. For example, the either white or middle class. The mother broad contract and grant authority in sec tion, but I am confident he did an equally tion 410 is derived from the NASA Act, but of the girls was reported to be clearly able job as a Capitol Police officer, as a it is not found in the DOT Act. The need mentally retarded and hence incompe doorman in the House, and during his for such broad powers must be examined tent for her permission to be valid. No 3 years of service in the Armed Forces. carefully and fully justified. The section-by effort appears to have been made to lo Mr. Speaker, I hope all my colleagues section analysis does not provide that justi cate the father. But it does not require will take the time to personally thank fication or demonstrate the need. Such blank a Justice of the Supreme Court to know Frank Del Balzo for being part o:f the check legislation should not be approved. that even fully competent parents may Congressional guidelines and greater safe team that so faithfully serves the Mem not authorize such a procedure except bers of this House in the performance of guards to protect the public interest and for overriding medical reasons, on girls insure adequate public participation must their duties. be included, at the very least. of such a young age. It may also be fruit I personally wish to salute his dedi I urge that the Administration reconsider ful to inquire into the ethics of physi cated efforts and to wish him complete this omnibus proposal and include only cians who performed this operation on happiness and continued health in his those powers necessary to carry out the re the clinic's behalf. years of retirement. organization effectively and seek these other This wrongful operation by the OEO broad powers, if they are needed, in sep makes it more difficult for supporters arate legislation. such as myself, to defend the agency Sincerely, against the determined onslaught of the I WOULD HAVE VOTED "AYE" JOHN D. DINGELL, Nixon Administration. That any agency Chairman, Subcommittee on Fisheries of the Federal Government was instru and Wildlife Conservation and the HON. OGDEN R. REID Environment. mental in denying probably forever the right to motherhood for these girls be OF NEW YORK Mr. Speaker, I want also to call your cause sterilization was a more "con IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES attention to section 301