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Light-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Federal Test Procedure Emissions Results

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Light-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Federal Test Procedure Emissions Results September 1999 • NREL/TP-540-25818 Light-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Federal Test Procedure Emissions Results K. Kelly, L. Eudy, and T. Coburn National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute ••• Battelle ••• Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-98-GO10337 September 1999 • NREL/TP-540-25818 Light-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Federal Test Procedure Emissions Results K. Kelly, L. Eudy, and T. Coburn Prepared under Task No. FU905010 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute ••• Battelle ••• Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-98-GO10337 TP-25818 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was sponsored by the Office of Technology Utilization, which is part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Transportation Technologies in Washington, D.C. Mr. Dana O’Hara is DOE’s program manager for the light-duty vehicle evaluation projects at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Appreciation is expressed to the three emissions laboratories that performed the testing: Environmental Research and Development, in Gaithersburg, Maryland; Automotive Testing Laboratory, in East Liberty, Ohio; and ManTech Environmental, in Denver, Colorado. We also thank Phillips Chemical Company and Compressed Gas Technologies for supplying the test fuels for this project. NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, appara- tus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from: Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Prices available by calling (423) 576-8401 Available to the public from: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) U.S. Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 (703) 605-6000 or (800)-553-6847 or DOE Information Bridge http://www.doe.gov/bridge/home.html Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 20% postconsumer waste TP-25818 CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES . .III LIST OF FIGURES . .IV LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . .V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . .VI INTRODUCTION . .1 ABACKGROUND ON VEHICLE EMISSIONS AND FUEL ECONOMY . .1 TEST VEHICLES FOR THE STUDY . .3 TEST FACILITIES . .4 TEST FUELS . .4 TEST PROCEDURES . .5 DATA ANALYSIS APPROACH . .6 PRESENTATION OF ANALYSIS RESULTS . .6 METHANOL VEHICLES . .8 DODGE INTREPID . .9 Regulated Emissions . .10 Evaporative Emissions . .11 Greenhouse Gases . .11 Aldehydes . .12 Potency-Weighted Toxics and Ozone-Forming Potential . .12 Fuel Economy . .13 DODGE SPIRIT . .13 Regulated Emissions . .14 Evaporative Emissions . .17 Greenhouse Gases . .17 Aldehydes . .18 Potency-Weighted Toxics and Ozone-Forming Potential . .18 Fuel Economy . .20 ETHANOL VEHICLES . .21 FORD TAURUS . .22 Regulated Emissions . .23 Evaporative Emissions . .24 Greenhouse Gases . .24 Aldehydes . .25 Potency-Weighted Toxics and Ozone-Forming Potential . .25 Fuel Economy . .25 CHEVROLET LUMINA . .26 Regulated Emissions . .26 Evaporative Emissions . .27 Greenhouse Gases . .27 Aldehydes . .28 Potency-Weighted Toxics and Ozone-Forming Potential . .28 i TP-25818 Fuel Economy . .28 COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS VEHICLES . .30 DODGE B250 VAN . .31 Regulated Emissions . .32 Evaporative Emissions . ..
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