Dacia Under Trajan. Some Observations on Roman Tactics and Strategy
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Archäologie Und Politik
1 CHRISTIAN WITSCHEL Römische Außenpolitik Kaiser Trajan, die Dakerkriege und die Donauprovinzen Politica externă romană Împăratul Traian, războaiele dacice și provinciile dunărene Roman Foreign Policy Emperor Trajan, the Dacian Wars and the Danube Provinces 28 CHRISTIAN WITSCHEL Im Zentrum dieses Bandes steht ein În centrul acestui volum se află un At the centre of this volume stands an imposantes Monument, das der römi- monument impunător, înălțat de imposing monument built by the Roman sche Kaiser Trajan (reg. 98–117 n. Chr.) împăratul roman Traian (domnie: emperor Trajan (r. 98–117 CE) to com- zur Erinnerung an seine Siege über 98–117 d. Hr.) pentru a comemora vic- memorate his victories over the Dacian das Volk der Daker errichten ließ: das toriile sale asupra poporului dacilor: people: The Tro paeum Traiani at Adam- Tro paeum Traiani bei Adam klissi [4]. Tro paeum Traiani, de la Adam clisi [4]. clisi [4]. It is located south of the Danube, Es befindet sich südlich der Donau, Acesta este situat la sud de Dunăre, în in the Dobruja landscape in southeast in der Landschaft Dobrudscha ganz peisajul Dobrogei, în sud-estul Româ- Romania. Given the location of the Tro- im Süd osten des heutigen Rumänien. niei de astăzi. Având în vedere locația paeum, one question immediately arises: Angesichts des Standortes des Tro- monumentului, survine nemijlocit între- Why was it not built in the heartland of paeum stellt sich unmittelbar eine barea: de ce nu a fost edificat în inte- the Dacian Empire conquered by Trajan, Frage: Warum wurde dieses nicht im riorul Regatului Dac, cucerit de Traian, i. -
Domitian's Dacian War Domitian'in Daçya Savaşi
2020, Yıl 4, Sayı 13, 75 - 102 DOMITIAN’S DACIAN WAR DOMITIAN’IN DAÇYA SAVAŞI DOI: 10.33404/anasay.714329 Çalışma Türü: Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article1 Gökhan TEKİR* ABSTRACT Domitian, who was one of the most vilified Roman emperors, had suf- fered damnatio memoriae by the senate after his assassination in 96. Senator historians Tacitus and Cassius Dio ignored and criticized many of Domitian’s accomplishments, including the Dacian campaign. Despite initial setbacks in 86 and 87, Domitian managed to push the invading Dacians into the Dacian terri- tory and even approached to the Dacian capital in 88. However, the Saturninus revolt and instability in the Chatti and Pannonia in 89 prevented Domitian from concluding the campaign. The peace treaty stopped the Dacian incursions and made Dacia a dependent state. It is consistent with Domitian’s non-expansionist imperial policy. This peace treaty stabilized a hostile area and turned Dacia a client kingdom. After dealing with various threats, he strengthened the auxiliary forces in Dacia, stabilizing the Dacian frontier. Domitian’s these new endeavors opened the way of the area’s total subjugation by Trajan in 106. Keywords: Domitian, Roman Empire, Dacia, Decebalus, security 1- Makale Geliş Tarihi: 03. 04. 2020 Makale Kabül Tarihi: 15. 08. 2020 * Doktor, Email: [email protected] ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3985-7442 75 DomItIan’s DacIan War ÖZ Domitian 96 yılında düzenlenen suikast sonucunda hakkında senato tarafından ‘hatırası lanetlenen’ ve hakkında en çok karalama yapılan Roma imparatorlarından birisidir. Senatör tarihçilerden olan Tacitus ve Cassius Dio, Domitian’ın bir çok başarısını görmezden gelmiş ve eleştirmiştir. -
Commagenorum
CASTELUL DE LA CAPUT STENARUM ŞI COHORS I FLAVIA COMMAGENORUM Cristian SCHUSTER* Fortificaţia de la Boiţa/Caput Stenarum Înainte de a părăsi Transilvania, Oltul face un unghi de aproape 90 de grade, pornind apoi spre sud, prin Carpaţii Meridionali, devenind ulterior „graniţa” dintre Oltenia şi Muntenia. Chiar în dreptul respectivului cot, pe malul drept al râului, investigaţiile arheologice au permis descoperirea resturilor unei fortificaţii romane. Acestea, aflate în punctul cunoscut sub denumirea În Rude (fig. 1), se găsesc astăzi pe teritoriul satului Boiţa (oraşul Tălmaciu, judeţul Sibiu)1. Aşa cum se ştie, cei mai mulţi dintre specialişti consideră că în acest sat trebuie localizat ceea ce Tabula Peutingeriana indică a fi Caput Stenarum2. Prezenţa urmelor romane a fost semnalată încă de la sfârşitul veacului al XIX-lea - începutul celui următor3. Primele cercetări arheologice s-au derulat în 19574, fiind continuate în 19585, 19736, 19797 şi, în cadrul practicii arheologice a studenţilor de la Facultatea de Filologie-Istorie din Sibiu, în vara anului 19818. Fortificaţiei, prin dimensiunile sale reduse – „de 46 x 47 m, fiind, deci, aproape pătrată”9, i se potriveşte mai degrabă termenul de castellum decât cel de castrum. Cu privire la momentul ridicării fortificaţiei din piatră, dar şi a „termelor cu palestrele, tabulariului vămii şi construcţiile cu caracter gospodăresc” s-a emis ipoteza că ele au fost realizate „după anii 167-169 e.n., când s-a operat reorganizarea administrativă şi militară de către Marcus Aurelius”10. Spre această concluzie * Institutul de Arheologie „Vasile Pârvan” - Centrul de Tracologie, Bucureşti; e-mail: [email protected]. 1 Ghinea 1998. Despre denumirea În Rude a punctului, vezi: Albescu 1938, p. -
Lumea Traco-Geto-Dacică - Vatră a Unei Străvechi Civilizaţii Materiale Şi Culturi Spirituale
Liviu Pa ndele, TRANSILVANIA TERRA DACICA, Editura Ro mprint, Braşov, 2005 (327 pagini text, plus 44 figuri în afara textului) Cartea a apărut sub auspiciile Fundaţiei Dacia, Centrul Cultu ral " "Sextil Puşcariu din Braşov. După cum însuşi autorul afirmă, pe coperta 2, ea are un tiraj de 10.000 de exemplare în limbile română, engleză, franceză, germană şi italiană. " Este distribuită gratuit, scopul său fiind acela de a contribui la cunoaşterea unor aspecte privind istoria poporu lui român". To t acolo, L.P. mulţumeşte autorilor din ale căror lucrări s-a inspirat, "adăugând modesta noastră contribuţie la realizarea acestui compendiu". Trebuie spus de la început că această parte, respectiv coperta 1 şi " coperta 2, reprezintă "contribuţia directă şi parţial corectă a auto rului: " " corectă în cazul în care " ne-am inspirat este acelaşi lucru cu "am copiat , cu sau fă ră acordul autorilor. Dar asta este altă chestiune, posibil de rezolvat " între "autor şi autori . În ceea ce mă priveşte, eu mi-am dat consimţământul verbal, cu condiţia de a nu mi se răstălmăci sau modifica textul. Voi arăta la locul potrivit dacă această co nvenire s-a respectat sau nu. Intenţia mea a fost de a aborda cartea ca unul care i-am furnizat d.lui L.P. pagini bune de bibliografie românească şi străină, inclusiv lucrări proprii. Ştiind ce lucrări i-am oferit, m-aş fi aşteptat ca sub titlul extrem de ispititor dar şi de angajant, Transilvania, Terra Dacica, să se găsească reunite, fluent şi logic, în primul rând acele adevăruri ale istoriei românilor ca re singure sunt în măsură să dea ră spunsuri inatacabile asupra etnogenezei, continuităţii şi civilizaţiei noastre. -
Bullard Eva 2013 MA.Pdf
Marcomannia in the making. by Eva Bullard BA, University of Victoria, 2008 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Greek and Roman Studies Eva Bullard 2013 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee Marcomannia in the making by Eva Bullard BA, University of Victoria, 2008 Supervisory Committee Dr. John P. Oleson, Department of Greek and Roman Studies Supervisor Dr. Gregory D. Rowe, Department of Greek and Roman Studies Departmental Member iii Abstract Supervisory Committee John P. Oleson, Department of Greek and Roman Studies Supervisor Dr. Gregory D. Rowe, Department of Greek and Roman Studies Departmental Member During the last stages of the Marcommani Wars in the late second century A.D., Roman literary sources recorded that the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius was planning to annex the Germanic territory of the Marcomannic and Quadic tribes. This work will propose that Marcus Aurelius was going to create a province called Marcomannia. The thesis will be supported by archaeological data originating from excavations in the Roman installation at Mušov, Moravia, Czech Republic. The investigation will examine the history of the non-Roman region beyond the northern Danubian frontier, the character of Roman occupation and creation of other Roman provinces on the Danube, and consult primary sources and modern research on the topic of Roman expansion and empire building during the principate. iv Table of Contents Supervisory Committee ..................................................................................................... -
VIVERE MILITARE EST from Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier Volume I
VIVERE MILITARE EST From Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier Volume I BELGRADE 2018 VIVERE MILITARE EST From Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY MONOGRAPHIES No. 68/1 VIVERE MILITARE EST From Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier VOM LU E I Belgrade 2018 PUBLISHER PROOFREADING Institute of Archaeology Dave Calcutt Kneza Mihaila 35/IV Ranko Bugarski 11000 Belgrade Jelena Vitezović http://www.ai.ac.rs Tamara Rodwell-Jovanović [email protected] Rajka Marinković Tel. +381 11 2637-191 GRAPHIC DESIGN MONOGRAPHIES 68/1 Nemanja Mrđić EDITOR IN CHIEF PRINTED BY Miomir Korać DigitalArt Beograd Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade PRINTED IN EDITORS 500 copies Snežana Golubović Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade COVER PAGE Nemanja Mrđić Tabula Traiana, Iron Gate Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade REVIEWERS EDITORiaL BOARD Diliana Angelova, Departments of History of Art Bojan Ðurić, University of Ljubljana, Faculty and History Berkeley University, Berkeley; Vesna of Arts, Ljubljana; Cristian Gazdac, Faculty of Dimitrijević, Faculty of Philosophy, University History and Philosophy University of Cluj-Napoca of Belgrade, Belgrade; Erik Hrnčiarik, Faculty of and Visiting Fellow at the University of Oxford; Philosophy and Arts, Trnava University, Trnava; Gordana Jeremić, Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade; Kristina Jelinčić Vučković, Institute of Archaeology, Miomir Korać, Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade; Zagreb; Mario Novak, Institute for Anthropological Ioan Piso, Faculty of History and Philosophy Research, -
Nr. Crt. Denumire Judet Localitate Adresa 1 PENSIUNE TURISTIA FILONUL DE AUR Alba Abrud Str. BLAGA LUCIAN 5, 515100 2 PENSIUNE TURISTICA CONFORT Alba Abrud Str
Lista unitati afiliate: Ticket Vacanta Card Nr. Crt. Denumire Judet Localitate Adresa 1 PENSIUNE TURISTIA FILONUL DE AUR Alba Abrud Str. BLAGA LUCIAN 5, 515100 2 PENSIUNE TURISTICA CONFORT Alba Abrud Str. TRAIAN 2 , 515100 3 PAUL TOUR AGENTIE DE TURISM Alba Aiud Str. Cuza Voda nr.7, 515200 4 ALTIA TRAVEL AGENTIE TURISM Alba Alba Iulia Bd. 1 Decembrie 1918 nr.14, 510207 5 PENSIUNEA AVE, ALBA Alba Alba Iulia Bd. Horea nr.27, 510127 6 ELANA TOUR AGENTIE TURISM Alba Alba Iulia Bd. Revoluţiei 1989 bl.CF 8, ap.2, 510217 7 ARI TOUR AGENTIE DE TURISM Alba Alba Iulia Bd. Revoluţiei 1989 bl.3AB, Parter, Ap.81/C/3, 510073 8 APULUM TRAVEL AGENTIE DE TURISM Alba Alba Iulia Bd. Revoluţiei 1989 bl.A7, ap.20 B, 510039 9 COLIBRI TOUR AGENTIA DE TURISM 2 Alba Alba Iulia Bd. Revoluţiei 1989 CF 11, 510077 10 EXIMTUR AGENTIE DE TURISM ALBA IULIA Alba Alba Iulia Bd. Revoluţiei 1989 nr.14, Bl.B4, ap.44, 510077 11 AGENTIA DE TURISM SIND ROMANIA - ALBA Alba Alba Iulia Piata Eroilor nr.11 12 P45 - ALBA IULIA Alba Alba Iulia Piaţa Maniu Iuliu NR P1, 510094 13 HOTEL RESTAURANT TRANSILVANIA Alba Alba Iulia Piaţa Maniu Iuliu nr.11, 510094 14 PARALELA 45 AGENTIE ALBA Alba Alba Iulia Piaţa Maniu Iuliu Piata Iuliu Maniu, Bl. P1, Parter; 000 15 PRESTIGE CAMERE DE INCHIRIAT Alba Alba Iulia Str. Alecsandri Vasile nr.60, 510165 16 CASA BINU Alba Alba Iulia Str. Arieşului NR .17 , 510178 17 PENSIUNEA CASA TRAIANA Alba Alba Iulia Str. Arieşului NR.49 A, 510178 18 PENISUNEA MA PENSIUNE TURISTICA Alba Alba Iulia Str. -
The Remaking of the Dacian Identity in Romania and the Romanian Diaspora
THE REMAKING OF THE DACIAN IDENTITY IN ROMANIA AND THE ROMANIAN DIASPORA By Lucian Rosca A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of George Mason University in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Sociology Committee: ___________________________________________ Director ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Department Chairperson ___________________________________________ Dean, College of Humanities and Social Sciences Date: _____________________________________ Fall Semester 2015 George Mason University, Fairfax, VA The Remaking of the Dacian Identity in Romania and the Romanian Diaspora A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at George Mason University By Lucian I. Rosca Bachelor of Arts George Mason University, 2015 Director: Patricia Masters, Professor Department of Sociology Fall Semester 2015 George Mason University Fairfax, VA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my thesis coordinators: Professor Patricia Masters, Professor Dae Young Kim, Professor Lester Kurtz, and my wife Paula, who were of invaluable help. Fi- nally, thanks go out to the Fenwick Library for providing a clean, quiet, and well- equipped repository in which to work. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Tables................................................................................................................... v List of Figures ............................................................................................................... -
Horsemen from the Rhine. Early Roman Military Equipment from Capidava (I)
Horsemen from the Rhine. Early roman military equipment from Capidava (I) ALEXANDRU RAȚIU IOAN C. OPRIȘ Rezumat: Articolul aduce în prim plan descoperirile de echipament militar roman din ultimile patru campanii de la Capidava, respectiv între anii 2015 și 2019. Echipamentul prezentat este, în marea parte a sa, caracteristic echipamentului călăreților auxiliari romani din secolele I-II p. Chr. Piesele au fost descoperite în contextul cel mai timpuriu cercetat vreodată la Capidava, respectiv prima fază de piatră a castrului, mai exact ruinele unor clădiri, pe care le bănuim a fi barăci militare, situate în retentura dextra. Aceste clădiri au fost descoperite cu ocazia cercetării arheologice exhaustive a edificiului numit Principia romană târzie, o clădire mare cu absidă, care datează din secolul IV p. Chr. Acesta suprapune barăcile timpurii, care au fost anterior demolate până la nivelul primei asize de elevație din zidărie de piatră legată cu pământ. Abstract: This paper emphasizes on the discoveries of Roman military equipment from the last four campaigns from Capidava (2015 - 2019). The equipment presented is, for the most part, characteristic of the equipment of Roman auxiliary horsemen from the 1st and 2nd centuries AD. The artefacts were discovered in the earliest context ever researched at Capidava, respectively the first stone-masonry phase of the fort, more precisely the remains of some buildings, which we believe to be military barracks, located in the retentura dextra. These buildings were discovered during the exhaustive archaeological research of the building that we believe to be the Late Roman Principia, a large building with an apse, dating from the 4th century AD. -
Result of the Historic Evolution and Contemporary Urban Planning Tool
ROMANIAN REVIEW OF REGIONAL STUDIES, Volume XII, Number 1, 2016 BUILT HERITAGE IN THE LAND OF HAȚEG – RESULT OF THE HISTORIC EVOLUTION AND CONTEMPORARY URBAN PLANNING TOOL GHEORGHE-GAVRILĂ HOGNOGI1, ANA-MARIA POP2 ABSTRACT – The Regional Geography papers, especially those dedicated to the “land”-type studies sequentially mention certain historical aspects, because historical evolution is treated largely as having a supportive role, far from becoming a component of interaction. This research aims to address the historical evolution of the Land of Hațeg in the light of the specific territorial elements and to provide evidence for using the built heritage as a tool for decision-makers. Methodologically, the research has implied the completion of three stages, each with its specific work methods (direct observation, mapping, chorematic analysis). The findings highlight the applicative and utilitarian character of historical studies in the land use planning documents. Keywords: Land of Hațeg, historical monument, land use planning, chorem INTRODUCTION Over the last decades, the emphasis is increasingly being placed on interdisciplinarity, regardless of the type of study addressed. This is also the case of the Regional Geography papers, where the interrelations between various territorial components argue its functionality (Cocean, 2011). In addition, although historical studies have been regulated since the 1990’s as components of the urban planning documents, they are currently not mandatory. For this reason, they are often not included. They were left at the discretion of beneficiaries who considered they did not have much impact due to the fact that many of them contained only a brief history not related to other elements of a planning document. -
Calendar of Roman Events
Introduction Steve Worboys and I began this calendar in 1980 or 1981 when we discovered that the exact dates of many events survive from Roman antiquity, the most famous being the ides of March murder of Caesar. Flipping through a few books on Roman history revealed a handful of dates, and we believed that to fill every day of the year would certainly be impossible. From 1981 until 1989 I kept the calendar, adding dates as I ran across them. In 1989 I typed the list into the computer and we began again to plunder books and journals for dates, this time recording sources. Since then I have worked and reworked the Calendar, revising old entries and adding many, many more. The Roman Calendar The calendar was reformed twice, once by Caesar in 46 BC and later by Augustus in 8 BC. Each of these reforms is described in A. K. Michels’ book The Calendar of the Roman Republic. In an ordinary pre-Julian year, the number of days in each month was as follows: 29 January 31 May 29 September 28 February 29 June 31 October 31 March 31 Quintilis (July) 29 November 29 April 29 Sextilis (August) 29 December. The Romans did not number the days of the months consecutively. They reckoned backwards from three fixed points: The kalends, the nones, and the ides. The kalends is the first day of the month. For months with 31 days the nones fall on the 7th and the ides the 15th. For other months the nones fall on the 5th and the ides on the 13th. -
Epigraficeiscylptyral1
MONVMENTELE EPIGRAFICEISCYLPTYRAL1 ALE -AryzEviNT NATIONAL DE ANTICHITATI DIN BVCVRETI PVBLICATE SVI3 AVSPICIILE ACADEMIEI ROMANE DE GR.G. TOCILESCV Membru al Academiei Romano, al Institutelor archeologice din Roma si Viena, al Sccietiltilor archeologice din Paris, Orleans, Bruxelles, Roma, Atena, Odesa gi Moscova, al Societatii geografice, numismaticei istorice din Bucuresti, al Societatii istorice din Moscova, al Societatii de etnograflesiantropologie din Paris, etc., Vice-preseclinte al Ateneului Roman, Prof..la Universitatea din Bucuresti, Director al Muzeului national de antichitati, etc. 1 PARTEA II COLECTIVNEA SCVLPTVRALA. A MVZEVLVI PA.N.A. IN ANVL 1881. IBUCURETI NOIJA TIPOGRAFIE PROFESIONALA DIM. C. IONESCIT io.-STRADA SELARE. Jo. r 1908 a ..NicoLAe BALCESCU" PARTEA II MONVMENTELE SCVLPTVRALI I RELIEFURI ANTICE N.. 1 Capul in relief al unui rege al Assyriei, (pate Aur- nasir-pal), sail al until resbornic assyrian. Relieful oblu neinfatiseza,intr'omarime superiors Desoriptinnea. naturel, capul until rege al Assyriel, pate al lul Aur- nasir- pal, sail al unui resboinic assyrian. Perul capulul este acoperit pang la frunte§icefa de o legatura fa'cuta in chip de tichie §i fixata cu o curea latti pe dupa, urechY. Barba cea lungs, ca ipletele lasate pe spate, sunt frisate in carliontl. Monumentul provine din ruinele anticuluY ora§ Niniveh,Proveninta unde a fost gasit de d. Cocio Cohen impreuna cu fragmentul din inscriptiunea analelor lul A§ur-nasir-pal, regale Assyriel, publicat inacesta opera sub nr. 97 (pag. 479)§i avand aceia§1 proveninta 1). Faptul acesta al unel proveninteco- 1) Proveninta dela Niniveh a ambelor monumente se atesti prin raportul nr. 13 din 12 Maiti 1869 adresat Ministerukil instructiunki publice de clitre con- servatorul Musgulul de AntichitAtI.