PUJMQ Prime University Journal of Multidisciplinary Quest
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1 Prime University 2 PUJMQ Prime University Journal of Multidisciplinary Quest Editor Profulla C. Sarker Prime University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Associate Editor M. Abul Hossain Sikder Atish Dipankar University Dhaka, Bangladesh Book Review Editor P. Dash Sharma Ranchi University Ranchi, India Managing Editor Mohammad Arshad Ali Prime University Dhaka, Bangladesh Published by Centre for Research, Human Resource Development and Publications Prime University 2A/1 North East of Darus Salam Road Section-1, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh Cover Design Amal Das Printed by Color Line, 01715812345 Price : Tk. 250.00 / US $ 5.00 3 Editorial Board Bong Joo Lee Gareth Davey Seoul National University University of Chester South Korea United Kingdom Sarah Safdar Durga Das Bhattacharjee Peshwar University Dhaka University Pakistan Bangladesh Ajit Kumar Singh A. Renaweera Ranchi University Colombo University India Sri Lanka Antonio Fiori Tiong Tan University of Bolonga Singapore National University Italy Singapore Manohar Pawar Margarita Frederico Charles Sturt University Latrobe University New South Wales, Australia Australia Santi Kinduka, Washington University Desa Shankwan United States of America Thamasat University Thailand Cecillia Chan Hongkong University Paul Olson China Toronto University Canada M.A. Sobhan Independent University Sarker Ali Akkas Bangladesh Jagannath University Bangladesh M. Shahidullah Rajshahi University Ramesh Chandra Devnath Bangladesh Rajshahi University Bangladesh Nazir M. Hossain York University Heinz Theisen Canada Catholic University of Köln Germany 4 5 Editorial Note Prime University Journal of Multidisciplinary Quest (PUJMQ) is an international journal published twice a year (January and July). It is a refereed journal designed to promote multidisciplinary inquiry on research, education and development. PUJMQ encompasses all scientific academic fields dealing with life, society, culture, business, law, science and technology. The main mission and vision of PUJMQ is to make multidisciplinary linkages that promote to inter-lock the different disciplines in a single platform. Prime University Journal of Multidisciplinary Quest (PUJMQ) has an international editorial board involving the scholars of different disciplines across the East and the West and as a result it helps to mitigate cross- cultural issues across the globe. It is a multidisciplinary and international forum which acts as a catalyst to promote and exchange ideas, views, and knowledge of different disciplines that encourage scholars to enhance their creative and innovative ideas and knowledge in global perspective. It helps to contribute to the knowledge of the academics, researchers, policy makers, planners, practitioners and development workers to take appropriate policy in order to chalk out effective planning for formulating pragmatic policies. Eight research papers have been selected in the current volume on different issues viz. aging and mental health in Chinese society due to declination of filial relationship, legislative reform for the protection of the rights of the Hindu Community in Bangladesh, health policy of India through five year plans emphasizing the maternal and child health issues, viscosity affects velocity and as a result it helps to determine the parameters of temperature profiles, sensitivity study of the cumulus parameterization scheme with planetary boundary layer options for estimating the rainfall in Bangladesh, the health scenario of rural Bhutan which examined the infant morbidity and mortality through SWOT 6 analysis, trend and development of advertisement through television in order to enhance the scope of market for industrial production in Bangladesh, and seasonal food insecurity and coping mechanisms applied by the poor to overcome the crisis in the north western part of Bangladesh. Profulla C. Sarker Editor 7 Contents Changing Attitudes toward Filial Piety and Its Impact on Mental Health of Elderly People in Chinese Society 9 Kam Ping Kathy Leung Yui Huen Alex Kwan Kai Wai Kennis Leung The Hindu Community in need of Legislative Protection 27 Sadia Afroz Binte Siraj Tanvhir Ahmad The five year plans in India: Overview of Public Health Policies 41 Sethuramalingam V. Selwyn Stanley Sathia S. MHD Natural Convection Flow of Fluid with Variable Viscosity from a Porous Vertical Plate 55 Amena Ferdousi Mohammad Salek Parvez M. A. Alim Sensitivity Study of the Cumulus Parameterization Schemes with Planetary Boundary Layer Options in Estimating Rainfall in Bangladesh using MM5 74 Md. A. E. Akhter Md. M. Alam M. A. Hossain Rural Health Scenario in Bhutan: The Social and Institutional Experiences 85 Komol Singha Lingchen Trends and Development of Television Advertisement in Bangladesh 103 Md. Towhidul Islam ‘Monga’- A Seasonal Food Insecurity and Its Impact on Poverty in Bangladesh: A Local Issue in National Perspective 124 Profulla C. Sarker M. Abul Hossain Sikder 8 9 CHANGING ATTITUDES TOWARD FILIAL PIETY AND ITS IMPACT ON MENTAL HEALTH OF ELDERLY PEOPLE IN CHINESE SOCIETY Kam Ping Kathy Leung1, Yui Huen Alex Kwan2 & 3 Kai Wai Kennis Leung Keywords: Attitude. Filial. Mental Health. Elderly. Abstract: This paper is an attempt to discuss the changing attitude of the young people of China towards elderly people and its impact on their mental health. Filial Piety is rooted from the instinct of the Confucianism that implies loyalty, respect and obligation among the family members to make harmonious relationship. With the advancement of science and technology in the age of globalization and modernization, the attitude towards filial piety is indicative of wider cultural change in Chinese society and thus affects the family support to the elderly and as a result the elderly people become the victims of mental health. This paper suggests to chalk out awareness program to make the young people to take care of the elderly. Introduction Filial piety is a distinctive concept in Confucianism that implies deep loyalty, respect, and devotion of children toward their parents (Ng, Philips & Lee, 2002, Tao, 2010). As a social norm, filial piety values family honor and harmony more than individual interests (Yang, 1995). However, among the Chinese in countries in the Southeast and East Asia, including Hong Kong, mainland China, South Korea, and Singapore, attitudes toward filial piety, particularly with respect to elderly parents, have changed in recent decades (Ikels, 2010). Rapid sociodemographic 1 Instructor, Department of Applied Social Studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong 2 Professor, Department of Applied Social Studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong 3 Professor, Department of Applied Social Studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong 10 changes, a rapidly aging elderly population, and changes in economic status and intergenerational expectations have all influenced filial commitments (Caregivershome, 2007, Sung, 2008, Quah, 2010, Yi, 2010). However, many elderly parents now understand their adult children in terms of their individuality, rather than their obligations (Ng, Philips & Lee, 2002, Ng, 2010), and in Hong Kong filial orientation is viewed only as a frame of reference (Wong & Chau, 2006, Ting, 2010). In urban China, both young and old people rank respect as the most important aspect of filial piety and obedience as the least important (Yue & Ng, 2002, Yang, 2010). Some Koreans have modified the practice of filial piety with respect to the constraints associated with the family context, work situations, and social environment (Sung, 2008, Koreatimes, 2008). In Singapore, families, welfare organizations, and governments share the responsibility for establishing effective practices of elderly care within families (Verbrugge & Chan, 2008). The contemporary version of filial piety is characterized by gratitude, respect, and reciprocal support, rather than obligation, obedience, and one- way responsibility (Ting, 2009). Filial piety is significant to Chinese people, but its significance is in transition, not necessarily in decline. As stated by Ng, Philips, and Lee (2002), adult children in Hong Kong, for example, have created acceptable substitutes for co-residency, such as living near or maintaining close contact with elderly relatives out of respect for filial piety. Yue and Ng (2002) showed that both younger and older generations in Beijing and Guangzhou continue to endorse strong filial commitment (Kwan, Cheung & Ng, 2010). Mehta and Ko (2004) revealed that the majority (88%) of elderly people over 65 years old in Singapore live with adult children, showing that filial obligation is still treasured by family members. In modern Chinese families, filial piety may serve as a buffer from the stress of being a caregiver (Lai, 2010), and may also provide benefits by encouraging intimate relationships of equal exchange (Kim & Kim, 2003). To better understand these sociodemographic changes and the significance of filial commitment in the Chinese population, this study examines the perspective of adult children to illustrate the strain encountered by caregivers and adult children with respect to filial piety in Southeast Asia. Some adult children face the dilemma of fulfilling traditional values (i.e., 11 filial piety) and actualizing their individuality (i.e., high demands at work and at home). As such, they are not quick to accept the role of caregiver, especially for elderly relatives who suffer from dementia