Intervention De M. Bamir Topi, Président De L’Albanie

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Intervention De M. Bamir Topi, Président De L’Albanie N° 768 _____________ ASSEMBLÉE NATIONALE CONSTITUTION DU 4 OCTOBRE 1958 TREIZIÈME LÉGISLATURE Enregistré à la Présidence de l'Assemblée nationale le 1er avril 2008 RAPPORT D'INFORMATION FAIT en application de l'article 29 du Règlement au nom des délégués de l'Assemblée nationale à l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe (1) sur l'activité de cette Assemblée au cours de la première partie de sa session ordinaire de 2008 PAR M. JEAN-CLAUDE MIGNON ET PRÉSENTÉ A LA COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES ________________________________________________________________________ (1) La composition de cette délégation figure au verso de la présente page. La Délégation de l’Assemblée nationale à l’Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l’Europe était composée, en janvier 2008, de : MM. Roland Blum, Georges Colombier, Mmes Claude Greff, Arlette Grosskost, MM. Denis Jacquat, Armand Jung, Jean-Pierre Kucheida, François Loncle, Noël Mamère, Jean-Claude Mignon, Germinal Peiro, François Rochebloine, en tant que membres titulaires, et Mme Brigitte Barèges, MM. Alain Cousin, Paul Giacobbi, Michel Hunault, Mme Marietta Karamanli, MM. Dominique Le Mèner, Jean-Paul Lecoq, Mme Muriel Marland-Militello, M. Frédéric Reiss, Mme Marie-Line Reynaud, MM. René Rouquet, André Schneider, en tant que membres suppléants. - 3 - SOMMAIRE Pages INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 5 I. ACTUALITES DE LA DELEGATION PARLEMENTAIRE .................................................... 7 II. INFORMATIONS GENERALES SUR LE DEROULEMENT DE LA SESSION................. 11 A. PROGRAMME DE LA PREMIERE PARTIE DE LA SESSION ORDINAIRE DE 2008........... 11 B. TEXTES ADOPTES........................................................................................................................... 13 C. INTERVENTIONS DES PARLEMENTAIRES FRANÇAIS ......................................................... 17 III. LES DROITS DE L’HOMME EN EUROPE ............................................................................. 19 Observation des élections en Russie..................................................................................................... 19 Développements concernant le statut futur du Kosovo ........................................................................ 21 Intervention de M. Bamir Topi, Président de l’Albanie ................................................................... 25 La situation en Géorgie...................................................................................................................... 27 IV. L’AVENIR DES MODELES DEMOCRATIQUES EUROPEENS......................................... 29 Lignes directrices procédurales sur les droits et devoirs de l’opposition dans un parlement démocratique ................................................................................................................ 29 La coopération transfrontalière......................................................................................................... 30 V. LES NOUVEAUX ENJEUX DE LA PROTECTION DES DROITS DE L’HOMME........... 35 Questions environnementales............................................................................................................. 35 Listes noires du Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies et de l’Union européenne ........................ 37 Disparition de nouveau-nés aux fins d’adoption illégale en Europe .............................................. 40 La préservation du modèle sportif européen..................................................................................... 42 Projet de protocole additionnel à la Convention sur les droits de l’homme et la biomédecine relatif aux tests génétiques à des fins médicales.................................................... 46 Vidéosurveillance des lieux publics................................................................................................... 47 VI. L’AVENIR DU CONSEIL DE L’EUROPE EN DEBAT.......................................................... 51 Élection du nouveau président de l’Assemblée parlementaire ........................................................ 51 Intervention de M. Robert Fico, Premier ministre de Slovaquie..................................................... 52 Intervention de M. Frans Timmermans, ministre des Affaires européennes des Pays-Bas ........... 54 Intervention de M. Ferenc Gyurcsàny, Premier ministre de Hongrie............................................. 55 Communication du Comité des ministres à l’Assemblée parlementaire, présentée par M. Ján Kubiš, ministre des Affaires étrangères de Slovaquie..................................................... 56 Communication de M. Terry Davis, Secrétaire général du Conseil de l’Europe........................... 59 Discussion commune sur les relations extérieures de l’Assemblée parlementaire ........................ 60 Renforcement de la coopération avec les pays du Maghreb........................................................ 60 La situation dans les Républiques d’Asie centrale....................................................................... 68 Le Conseil de l’Europe et ses États observateurs : situation actuelle et perspectives ............... 70 Au-delà de la session : modifications du règlement de l’Assemblée parlementaire ...................... 72 - 4 - ANNEXES............................................................................................................................................... 75 Annexe 1 – Proposition de Recommandation déposée le 23 janvier 2008 par M. Denis Badré et plusieurs de ses collègues – Euro-Méditerranée : pour une stratégie du Conseil de l’Europe.................................................................................................................................................... 77 Annexe 2 – Déclaration écrite déposée le 24 janvier 2008 par M. Roland Ries et plusieurs de ses collègues – Pour un dialogue interculturel réaliste et crédible ................................................. 79 Annexe 3 – Résolution n° 1595 (2008) – Développements concernant le futur statut du Kosovo ..................................................................................................................................................... 81 - 5 - INTRODUCTION L’ordre du jour de la première partie de la session 2008 de l’Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l’Europe, organisée du 21 au 25 janvier derniers à Strasbourg, a permis de s’interroger une nouvelle fois sur les missions de l’institution et son périmètre d’activités. Confronté à l’émergence de l’Agence européenne des droits de l’Homme de l’Union européenne, le Conseil de l’Europe n’aura d’avenir que s’il se concentre sur ses valeurs cardinales – droits de l’Homme, démocratie, primauté du droit – et leurs traductions concrètes, telles qu’elles sont élaborées au sein du comité de prévention contre la torture et les traitements inhumains ou dégradants, de la commission de Venise, ou en matière d’actions contre la peine de mort. Une telle option ne doit pas empêcher pour autant une actualisation de ce triptyque au regard de l’évolution du monde contemporain. Cette partie de session s’intègre parfaitement dans cette dynamique, tant elle a permis de proposer un certain nombre de thématiques nouvelles : développement durable, sport, disparition de nouveau-nés, aux implications multiples en matière de droits de l’Homme. Institution garante des libertés fondamentales, le Conseil n’en est pas moins une organisation européenne, soucieuse par conséquent de la stabilité du continent. Les débats sur le Kosovo, la Russie ou la Géorgie comme la réception de chefs d’État et de gouvernement albanais et hongrois participent de cet intérêt. L’inquiétude née de l’émergence de l’Union européenne sur la question des droits de l’Homme ne peut, pour autant, inciter le Conseil, dans sa quête de singularité, à se muer en organisation des Nations unies à l’échelle européenne alors qu’il ne possède pas l’autorité de celles-ci. Le débat sur le Kosovo a, à cet égard, été symbolique de cette orientation. Le texte qui en a découlé révèle plus un sentiment d’impuissance qu’il n’apporte de solution au blocage actuel. C’est bien plus sur la voie de la complémentarité avec l’Union européenne que doit s’orienter le Conseil de l’Europe. Son prestige, son expérience, l’étendue du territoire qu’il couvre comme les partenariats qu’il entend nouer à terme avec le bassin méditerranéen ou l’Asie centrale en font un instrument essentiel pour transmettre les principes démocratiques. Son absence de parti pris géopolitique lui permet d’être un espace nécessaire de - 6 - dialogue entre toutes les tendances du continent européen et lui confère une légitimité incontestable en matière de droits de l’Homme. L’élection de son nouveau président, M. Lluís Maria de Puig (Espagne – SOC), à l’occasion de cette partie de session, marque la volonté de l’Assemblée parlementaire de renforcer cette légitimité. En écartant la candidature russe à ce poste, elle manifeste son souhait de ne pas troubler l’image de l’institution en plaçant à la tête de celle-ci le représentant d’un État dont l’attitude en matière de droits de l’Homme demeure sujette à caution. La délégation parlementaire française entend accompagner quant à elle l’évolution du Conseil de l’Europe en maintenant ce souci d’exigence et de précision qui l’a toujours animée, à l’image des interventions de ses membres lors de cette partie de session. - 7 - I.
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