VOL. XX No. 12 December, 1965 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE — ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH RCFUGFES IN GREAT BRITAIN 0//icf and Comulting Hours. 8 FAIRFAX MANSIONS. FINCHLEY RD. (corner Fairfax Rd.) London. N.W.S Monday to Thursday lOa.m.—lp.m. 3—6p.m. Telephone : MAIda Vale 9096 7 (General Olkce and Weltare lor the Aged), MAIda Vale 4449 (Emplovment Agencv. annually licensed bY the L.C.C., Friday lOa.m.— lp.m. and Social Services Dept.)

appropriately express our gratefulness to the British people. Perhaps the only proper A MEMORABLE OCCASION way for us to try and repay the debt is to make a continuous effort to be useful ii Thank-You Britain" Fund Handed Over to British Academy citizens, doing a job to the best of our abilities, taking an active part in the general life of the community, fully identi­ At a reception held on November 8 at In conclusion Mr. Behr paid tribute to fying ourselves with the communal life Saddlers' Hall, the "Thank-You Britain" the General Secretary of the AJR, Dr. W. of the country, and offering our services Fund was handed over by Professor Sir Rosenstock, and his co-workers who had whenever the occasion arises. If, in the Hans A. Krebs, Winner of the Nobel Prize made the administrative work so much course of trying to serve the community, we in Medicine and Physiology and one of the easier by shouldering the burden of the have also served ourselves, and done very Patrons of the Fund, to Lord Robbins, C.B., day-to-day routine, and to the Secretary and well for ourselves in many cases—some­ President of the British Academy. staff of 'the British Academy who had times even embarrassingly well—this is As readers know, the proceeds will be helped to cope with all the technicalities. perhaps in the nature of the circumstances, used for the award of Research Fellowships The audience was then addressed by Pro­ and in particular an outcome of the fair­ in the field of human studies. fessor Sir Hans A. Krebs and Lord Robbins. ness with which we have been treated. The function, held in the beautiful Livery The full text of their addresses is published Quite a large number, of course, served Hall of the Saddlers' Company, was a most below. with the Armed Forces. I believe, although dignified and impressive event. statistics are not readily at Among the guests were Sir hand, something like one in Mortimer Wheeler, Secretary of every eight refugees here during the British Academy ; the Nobel the war years served, and quite Prize Winner, Professor E. B. a few paid with their lives ; this Chain, and Professor L. Gutt­ wt should remember today. mann, C.B.E., both Patrons of I would like to add one the Fund ; Mr. S. H. E. Burley, further comment. If it was representing the Home Office ; force of circumstances and not Mr. J. P. Carswell, representing our own choice which drove us the Department of Education out of the country of our birth, and Science ; a number of dis­ it was in many cases our free tinguished scholars, authors and choice to take refuge and to artists as well as representatives settle in this country rather than of the organisations associated in other parts of the globe. No with the Fund. doubt there were many different In his opening address Mr. reasons which prompted indi­ Werner M. Behr, Chairman of viduals to make this choice. I the " Thank-You Britain " Fund cannot pretend to know all the Committee, recalled that the reasons, but I do know some of suggestion of making a collec­ my own, and I know that these tive gesture of gratitude to this are shared by very many. country, which helped us at a [Photo : " Jewish Chronicle ' What this country of our From left to right: Lord Robbins, C.B., Mr. Werner M. Behr. time of extreme anxiety, was Professor Sir Hans A. Krebs, F.R.S. adoption gave us was not just first made by the late Chairman a new home and livelihood. of the Association of Jewish Refugees, Dr. ADDRESS BY What we also found was a new and better Hans Reichmann. Quite independently, in SIR HANS A. KREBS way of life, a society whose attitudes to life a letter to a leading newspaper, Mr. Victor were in many ways very different from Ross, co-Chairman of the Committee, also To me has fallen the privilege of what we had been accustomed to, and, I called on his fellow refugees to remember handing over a cheque to the President of dare say, accustomed to not only under the what they had been through and how they the British Academy. This cheque and the Nazi rule. Coming from an atmosphere had found a haven. He received an efforts leading up to it are no more than a of political oppression and persecution, of enthusiastic response, and it was decided token, a small token of the deep sense of hate and violence, of lawlessness, black­ to form a committee to embrace all the indebtedness which is harboured by all of mail and of intrigue, we found here a spirit different groups of refugees from Nazi us who came to this country as refugees of friendliness, humanity, tolerance and oppression. At this juncture, Mr. Behr and were given here a new home—not fairness. We found a society where people stated, the Committee was helped and merely a shelter, but a true home. We all of many different dispositions, races, con­ advised by Sir Isaiah Berlin in finding a went through the experience that home is victions and abilities lived together har­ useful and worthy objective for the idea. not always where one was born and moniously, and yet vigorously. We saw Unfortunately, Sir Isaiah was unable to brought up. Home is where one strikes them argue without quarrelling, quarrel attend the ceremony because he was on a roots, where one has the opportunity of without suspecting, suspect without abus­ lecture tour in the United States, but he doing the things which, by virtue of inclina­ ing, criticise without vilifying or ridiculing, had conveyed his greetings to the gathering tion or conscience or some other forces praise without flattering, being vehement in a message which was read out by the deep down in one's soul, one feels one without being brutal. We saw what Chairman. ought to do in order to fulfil one's.life and Robert Browning said of his dog, " strength without violence, courage without ferocity." " In our appeal letter," Mr. Behr went thereby gain true happiness. The social climate and the social soil of this country, These are some of the characteristics of the on, " we set a target of £40,000 to £60,000. soul of this country. I am sure you will be pleased to learn that thanks to the spirit of generosity and we have been able to collect over £90.000. tolerance that pervades it, made it easy It is the widespread occurrence of these and I would add that this result has been for us to strike roots and to become firmly traits which impressed us as being so achieved at a nominal administrative cost settled. different from the world from which we had of less than 1 per cent." No sum of money can adequately and (Continued on page 2) Page 2 AJR INFORMATION December, 1965

BUDGET PROPOSALS ON A MEMORABLE OCCASION COMPENSATION *' Thank-You Britain" Fund Reception Council of Jews from Germany Protests The German Federal Government has drafted a " Bill for the Protection of the (Continued from page 1) ADDRESS BY Budget " {" Haushaltssicherungsgesetz ") escaped. Of course, all societies have their LORD ROBBINS, C.B. which, among other economies during the outstanding individual heroes, but these fiscal year 1966, envisages the partial have not necessarily left their mark on the I find this a very notable and, for me, a deferment of certain compensation pay­ character of their society as a whole If ments. While, if adopted by Parliament in proof were needed that these attitudes very moving occasion. which I have mentioned are prevalent traits its present shape, the Bill would not affect The arrival here in the inter-war period payments under the " Bundesriickerstat- of the British way of life, I would say : of those of you who came from Nazi per­ which other language uses in its everyday secution was a dreadful thing, a painful tungsgesetz" and annuities under the life phrases equivalent to " fair play", symptom of the outrages that were going Federal Indemnification Law, it would " gentleman's agreement ", " benefit of the on in Central Europe. Episode after episode affect capital payments under the Federal doubt ", " give him a chance ", " under­ more frightful than has ever before Indemnification Law. Of these capital pay­ statement ", phrases indicative of a sense occurred in civilised history. But it was a ments, only 50 per cent would be made of justice, of a sense of perspective, of circumstance which brought great benefit during the first nine months of the year tolerance, of humility and, above all, of to this country, great benefit in the world of respect for humanity ? Quite a few lan­ 1966, whereas the rest would be paid in scientific and humane learning, great instalments according to budgetary devel­ guages have to use the English words when benefit in music and the arts, and in wishing to express the sentiments lying technical and economic affairs, and not opments. behind these phrases, and I am sure this is only here indeed, but also throughout the In a letter to Federal Chancellor Erhard, not an accident. remaining free world. the " Council of Jews from Germany" It is this way of life with which some of I think a great book has yet to be written strongly protested against this attempt of us, I for one, fell in love. Others may on the benefits of this exodus on the culture lumping together compensation payments emphasise different aspects of our society and civilisation of the West. with economies in other fields. " The —our, I am proud to say—with which they indemnification claims were morally estab­ became enchanted and fell in love, and Speaking personally, as an academic, I would like to testify to these benefits, to the lished 20 years ago, and a further delay of as is usual in love affairs, our affection their settlement cannot be justified on any may have blinded us perhaps to any life-enhancing stimulus which the arrival of blemishes the critics might detect. They Continental scholars brought to the faculty grounds, especially as the greater number may argue that our society is not that com­ of those universities which were fortunate of the victims of Nazi persecution are plete paragon of human affection I have enough to be in a position to afford them today very aged ". It would also create a depicted. But still, we do know why we asylum. With my old friend, the late devastating impression, the Council states, love it. For whatever individual reasons Lord Beveridge, who at that time was if shortly after the solemn announcement Director at the London School of Economics, different people came to settle in this of the Final Indemnification Law, the country, the theme of their motives was I myself was deeply involved in the business of reception, and I had many opportunities legally enacted liabilities of the Federal similar, and what I would like to convey is Republic were restricted again. The the depth of our feeling for this country of of seeing this process at first hand. I am our a(K)ption. It is a very small token of sure that hundreds of academics of my Council urgently appeals for the elimina­ our gratitude which I ask you. Lord Bob­ generation, here and in the United States, tion of compensation payments from, the bins, in your capacity as President of the could bear similar testimony. Protection of Budget Bill. British Academy, to accept. Therefore it is for me a most deeply Copies of the letter were sent to the moving circumstance that, in addition to Presidents of the Bundestag and of the bringing these benefits, you should be Bundesrat, to the Prime Ministers of the making this thank-offering, and I am sure that my feelings will be universally shared Lander and to the German Ambassador in when the news becomes widely known. It London. Your House for :— is we who should be expressing gratitude, not you. You have given twice. CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO, Needless to say, for me, speakin.g on Don't suffer from the effects of DRY AIR caused b) behalf of the Council of the British Academy, it is an especially gratifying Central-Heating UPHOLSTERY circumstance that you should have chosen our society as the instrument of your inten­ tion. The cultivation of humane learning SPEC)ALirr and social studies has not always been apt to attract financial support comparable to that which has been enjoyed by other branches of knowledge, and I think it was CONTINENTAL DOWN an especially felicitous thought on the part of the organisers of this Fund that it should be devoted to fostering work in this field, QUILTS! which in a broad way may be hoped to advance the welfare of the people of Great Britain. ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS I can assure you that we of the Academv will take this Trust very seriously. I think ESTIMATES FREE we may truly claim that we are representa­ INSTALL A HUMIDIFIER tive of those elements in British academic on your Radiator and be free from an unpleasant life which can most help to realise your and unhealthy atmosphere. DAWSON-LANE LIMITED purpose, and I can promise that we shall use our best endeavours to ensure that the INEXPENSIVE—NO RUNNING COSTS lectures and researches which are made 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK possible by your benefaction, should be Ask for details from : Telephone : ARN. 6671 worthy of the splendid thought which inspired its origin and the arduous labours The Humiditier Co. which brought it into being. Personal attention ef Mr. W. Shackman. 25 Bridge Rood, Wembley Pork, Middx Therefore, on behalf of the Academy, and from the bottom of my heart, I thank you ARNold 7603 very much indeed. AJR INFORMATION December, 1965 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLOJLDAICA Praise from Duke RACE BILL ENACTED KU-KLUX-KLAN MEETING The Duke of Edinburgh, accompanied by the The Race Relations Bill has been given the Six men and two women were found guilty Lord Mayor of Manchester, Alderman Bernard Royal assent and has passed into law. The at Rugby Magistrates' Court on summonses Langton, attended a reception for International Bill seeks to outlaw racial and religious dis­ issued after an alleged Ku-Klux-Klan cross- Co-operation Year at Manchester University. crimination and attempts at incitement to race burning rite at Long Lawford, near Rugby, on Later, he attended a private dinner given by hatred. June 19. Alderman and Mrs. Langton at the town hall, Two main amendments were inserted into The prosecution said that seven of the where he praised the Jewish community's the Bill. The first required that a complaint defendants attended a K.K.K. meeting wearing contribution to city life. made to a conciliation committee by anybody uniforms consisting of white gowns with a against whom discrimination had been prac­ black cross over the heart and cloth head­ Chief Rabbinate tised should be in writing. The second was to dresses with shts for the eyes and mouth. The The name of Rabbi Dr. Alexander Altmann, make it clear that there would be the right of first meeting held on June 12 was conducted Hungarian-born former communal rabbi of appeal on a question of fact when an injunc­ by a Mr. Newey, who had been a member of Manchester who left for the United States in tion to restrain discrimination was sought the National Socialist movement, a break­ 1959 to become Professor of Jewish Philosophy either in the High Court or in a County Court. away group from Colin Jordan's movement. Mr. Newey, it was alleged, outlined the aims at Brandeis University, has been added to those BRITISH FIRMS AND ARAB BOYCOTT of the group and stated that they wished to mentioned for the office of Chief Rabbi. Dr. rid Britain of Jewish control and to get rid of Altmann was a candidate for the British Chief In a resolution passed by its National Execu­ Mrs. Barbara Castle and of the Jewish wife of Rabbinate in 1948, when his name was on the tive Committee, the Trades Advisory Council Mr. George Brown. At the second meeting short list of three rabbis from whom the final welcomes the setting up by H.M. Government it was alleged that William Macdonald Duncan, choice of Rabbi Dr. Israel Brodie was made. of a Committee for Export to Israel and the one of the defendants, had stated that the aim Prior to his emigration to England, Dr. Alt­ appointment of Mr. Marcus J. Sieff, O.B.E., as of the Klan was to rid Britain of Jews, Roman mann was a rabbi in Berlin. its first Chairman. Catholics and coloured by every possible The United Synagogue Council are also con­ The T.A.C. calls upon H.M. Government to means, including violence. sidering Dr. Louis Rabinowitz (Israel) and Dr. implement the frequently asserted "dis­ Three of the accused were sent to prison for Solomon Goldman, minister of the St. John's approval of pressure from any source on three months, two were fined £25 and £20 Wood Synagogue. British firms to discriminate between British respectively and the three others were each subjects on any grounds ". The T.A.C. believes bound over in the sum of £20 to keep the Death of David Goldblatt that this can best be done by the Board of peace for one year. Trade advising firms to return, unanswered, Mr. David Goldblatt, who died recently, was questionnaires concerned with discrimination : KLAUS FUCHS ERROR actively associated with British politics and and by advising commercial representatives of with various Jewish causes. He was joint Arab States that any endeavour to influence An article, written by Mr. Randolph treasurer of the Liberal Party in 1945 and the structure of U.K. firms cannot be con­ Churchill for the TV feature about Fuchs a Parliamentary candidate in several elections. sidered a friendly act. as was done by H.M. entitled " A Question of Identity ", stated that Before the outbreak of war he became chair­ Govemment before 1939 in an.approach to the Klaus Fuchs, the atom spy, was a German- man of the Refugees Industries Committee, then Ambassador of the Third Reich. a body concerned with resettling and assist­ Jewish refugee. ing refugee industriaUsts, many of J|bom were COLIN JORDAN SENTENCED When the Board of Deputies pointed out to helped to set up industries in distrelsed areas. Mr. Churchill and Lord Francis-Williams (who In gratitude they commissioned Jacob Epstein Colin Jordan, leader of the National Socialist wrote and narrated the programme) that to fashion a bust of him. Movement, was sentenced to three months' Fuchs was the son of a Lutheran pastor. Lord Francis-WiUiams strongly dissociated himself imprisonment at Bow Street Magistrates' Women in Jewish Law Court. He gave notice of appeal and was from the article and from the statement that allowed bail. Jordan pleaded not guilty lo Fuchs was a Jew. The first major meeting of the newly formed using insulting behaviour at Downing Street Mr. Churchill also apologised and said that Association of Jewish Women's Organisations on October 8 when Mr. Ian Smith called on Mr. the statement was sheer ignorance and mis­ discussed a petition being drawn up by the Wilson. information, which he was sorry to have International Council of Jewish Women At Southampton University, during an passed on. regarding the status of women in Jewish law, address to students, Jordan declared that there Before the programme the announcer stated which will come before the Council's conven­ should be a second expulsion of Jews from that Lord Francis-Williams and his colleagues tion next May. If it is accepted it will be Britain. Britain, he said, was foolish to have wished to dissociate themselves from any state­ passed on to rabbinical authorities throughout declared war on Germany in 1939. He liked ments which may have been written about the the world. The petition asks that a central programme in the press and especially from rabbinical body be set up to discuss ways in to be called a Nazi but hated all forms of the misstatement that Fuchs was a Jew. violence. Referring to stories of German con­ which the marriage laws can be reinterpreted, within the framework of Orthodox practice, in centration camp atrocities, he termed these DEATH OF JEWISH M.P. " grossly exaggerated ". order to free women of the hardships they are so often forced to suffer. ARRESTS AT EAST END MEETING Mr. Henry Solomons, Labour M.P. for Kingston-upon-HuU, died at the age of 63. He The Council wrote to some twenty Anglo- Seventeen men and youths were arrested was a former member of the Stepney Borough Jewish rabbis asking for their co-operation in during a meeting in Dalston of the Greater Council and also a former Secretary of the the matter. The majority responded warmly, London Movement. When they appeared Union of Liberal and Progressive Synagogues. agreeing that there was a need for some clari­ before the North London Magistrates' Court, fication of thought among the religious Issy Rondel, one of those arrested during the SYNAGOGUE FIRES authorities. disturbances, alleged that police protection was given to the Movement. Another defendant Six men have appeared at the North London Homes Opened stated that he could not restrain himself when Magistrates' Court charged with unlawfully and maliciously setting fire to the Shaare An extension has been opened at the Ealing one of the speakers used words against the home. Fenton House, run by the Jewish Wel­ Jewish people. Sixteen of the defendants Shomayim Synagogue, Lea Bridge Road, on July 31. They were all remanded in custody fare Board. The home now accommodates 20 pleaded guilty and fines were imposed of from persons. Fenton House is the first project to 1 £3 to £10. and refused bail. be undertaken by the Board for the mentally frail and another similar home is contemplated for the near future. The Board's new £100,000 home for old Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd, people in Ballards Lane, Finchley, will soon be able to admit its first residents. The home, accommodating 59 residents, will consist of a Bankers central hostel and flatlets where old people BASILDON HOUSE, 7-11 MOORGATE, E.C.2 can lead independent lives. London Lecture by Nahum Goldmann Telephone: METropolitan 8151 Dr. Nahum Goldmann. President of the Representing: World Jewish Congress, will deliver the Tenth Noah Barou Memorial Lecture in the Botany 1. L FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD. FEUCHTWANGER CORPORATION Theatre of University College. Gower Street. London, W.l, on Wednesday, December 8, at TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA 60 EAST 42nd ST., NEW YORK, 17, N.Y. 8 p.m. The subject will be; " The Jewish Spirit of Israel and the Diaspora." Page 4 AJR INFORMATION December, 1965

JEWRY IN THE EAST NEWS FROM ABROAD Yiddish Culture U.N. AND RACIAL DISCRIMINATION GRATITUDE TO DANES The meeting of Comes, the " European com­ munity of writers", recently held in Rome, The U.N. General Assembly has called for A group of Americans paid homage at the approved a motion suggested in a letter from tbe legal banning of racial discrimination on grave of H, C, Thomsen in Snekkersten, Den­ Bernard Russell, to the effect that " the Euro­ a world-wide scale. The Assembly unani­ mark, The wreath they laid carried the pean community of writers entrusts the Soviet mously adopted a resolution calling on all inscription : " In memory of the brave people delegation with the taslc of intervening for the States in which racial discrimination was of Snekkersten, who risked and gave their liberalisation and the renewed spreading of all practised to take urgent effective steps, lives for the brotherhood of man, Israel publications in the Ytddish language (in the including legislative measures, to eliminate it. Education Fund," H. C, Thomsen was killed Soviet Union)". The resolution to implement the U.N. on that spot by the Nazis when he was helping According to Professor Giancarlo Vigorelli, Declaration on the elimination of all forms of Danish compatriots to escape to Sweden, secretary-general of Comes, the three-man racial discrimination omitted the condemnation Mr. Charles J. Bensley, of New York, who Russian delegation which attended the meeting of antisemitism proposed by the United States, was one of the group, spoke of the magnifi­ promised to take up the issue on their return. as well as the condemnation of Zionism tabled cence of the Danish act of rescue, saving 7,000 by the Soviet Union. Danish Jews from extermination by the Nazis. Deputy Premier's New Post All States where organisations are promoting This act beyond courage, of humanity never to or inciting racial discrimination are urged in be forgotten, was to be commemorated in a Mr. Benjamin Dymshyts, the Soviet Deputy the resolution to take the necessary measures living memorial. Premier, who was head of the Soviet Economic to prosecute or outlaw such organisations. This reference is to the " Denmark School" Council, has now been appointed chairman of Further consideration of the Convention to be built in Jerusalem by the Israel Educa­ the State Committee for Material and Tech­ against religious intolerance was held over tion Fund. Mr. Bensley and nine other nical Supply. This new agency has been until the next session. American-Jewish businessmen have contributed established to centralise the distribution of about £357,000 for building the school. It is industrial goods in the Soviet Union and to UNITED STATES hoped that the " Denmark School " will become improve methods of allocation. Mayor of New York an educational training centre for a three-way As chairman of the Soviet Economic Mr. Abraham Beame narrowly failed to exchange of teachers and pupils between Council, Mr. Dymshyts held an important become the first Jewish Mayor of New York, Denmark, Israel and the United States. position both under Mr. Khruschev and in the losing to his Republican opponent, Mr, John The formal announcement of the project present leadership. He remains the only Jew Lindsay, who received 1,166,954 votes, Mr, was made when the American sponsors met m the higher ranks of the Soviet Government. Beame polled 1,030,171. It is estimated that Princess Margrethe, heiress to the Danish It is reported that he was among the few only 67 per cent of New York Jews voted for throne. The foundation-stone for the school leading figures in Soviet industry who were Mr. Beame, although he made a strong and has now been laid, not criticised during the debates of the Soviet open bid for Jewish votes in the final days of Communist Party when Mr. Kosygin put for­ the campaign. It is assumed that many Jews GERMAN AWARD FOR DANISH ward his new plans for industry. who normally vote Democratic preferred Mr. CHIEF RABBI Lindsay to Mr, Beame, who was attacked •The Grand Cross of Merit was awarded lo Exit Visas Granted throughout the campaign as a candidate of Chief Rabbi Marcus Melchior of Copenhagen, the party machine bosses, Rabbi Melchior played a leading part in the The correspondent in Moscow of the New rescue of Danish Jews during World War II. York Herald Tribune reports that there is a Klansman was Jew more relaxed attitude in Moscow towards the ELECTION RESULTS IN ISRAEL Daniel Burros, chief organiser of the Ku- emigration of Soviet citizens to the United Klux-Klan in New York, committed suicide In the IsraeU elections. Premier Eshkol's States. So far about 20 exit visas have been when it was revealed that he was a Jew. This Mapai, in alignment with Achdut Avoda, granted this year for Jews wishing to live former star pupil of a Talmud Torah in the obtained the largest number of votes. Together permanently in the United States. They are Queens section of New York blew his brains with the four mandates of the pro-Mapai Arab almost exclusively older people who have out in Reading, Pennsylvania, as other Klans- Usts, it will have 49 of the 120 seats in the new close relatives in the U,S,A. men looked on. Knesset. The previous coaUtion partners of A number of Jews are also being permitted When a Nete York Times reporter con­ Mapai, the National ReUgious Party and to make extended foreign visits. Of the 90 fronted Burros with his identity, he said : " I'll Poalei Agudat, won eleven and two seats Soviet citizens permitted to make visits to the be ruined. This is all I've got to live for." respectively. The other results are: Gahal United States for long periods this year, the His desire to wipe out his Jewishness might (joint list of Mr. Beigin's Herut and members correspondent states that 30 are Jews, The have been an aberration, he said, but was not of the Liberal Party)—26; Mr. Ben-Gurion's total number of Jews, both emigrants and unique, and he named other Jews who he Rafi—10 ; Mapam—8 ; Independent Liberals— visitors, was 50 which, it is stated. " represents claimed were fascists. 5 ; Agudat Israel—4 ; pro-Arab Communists— a proportion of the total emigrants that is Burros, a former national secretary of 3; pro-Israel Communist Party—1; Indepen­ higher than the percentage of Jews in the George Lincoln's American Nazi Party and a dent—1. Soviet population ". But, it is observed, " the " major" of the security echelon of the numbers are still small in absolute terms ". notorious racialist and antisemitic National MONUMENT IN GENEVA Renaissance Party of New York, was convicted A monument to the six million Jews E. German Community for anti-negro rioting last year. He published murdered by the Nazis has been unveiled in six issues of a paper. The Battle Organ of the Jewish cemetery at Veyrier, Geneva. According to information received in West Racial Fascism, including a special issue Designed by a Geneva architect, the monument Berlin, about 3,500 Jews are still living in devoted to Hitler's birthday, referring to him is in the form of a symbolic tomb for the East BerUn and East Germany. Of these, only as " a sacred leader" and urging that his martyrs, 1,450 are registered members of the eight unfinished work should be continued until its Jewish communities. " victorious conclusion", His writings and SCHIRACH REMAINS GAOLED The East BerUn community has 850 mem­ speeches, expressing the hope that America Baldur von Schirach, the former Nazi bers. 92 per cent of whom are aged between would be purged of her Jews, were more Gauleiter of Vienna, and head of Hitler's Nazi 55 and 90 years. The average age of Jews ferocious than those of Nazi Germany, youth organisation, will not be prematurely in East Germany is 62 years. freed from the Spandau AlUed war crimes Assistant to McNamara prison in Berlin. Von Schirach's son, Klaus, The 197 Jewish cemeteries in the country a Munich lawyer, stated that he had appealed are maintained by the East German Govern­ Mr, Robert McNamara, United States Secre­ to the Big Four powers to release his father ment, tary of Defence, has appointed Mr. Adam for health reasons. He had now been informed Yarmolinsky Deputy Assistant Secretary of that premature release was impossible because Defence for international affairs. the Soviet authorities refused to agree to this. Gorta Radiovision Last year there was southern opposition to Von Schirach's 20-year term ends in October, Mr, Yarmolinsky's proposed appointment as 1966, deputy director of the Johnson Administration Service war on poverty. He was not given the job in PROTEST AGAINST S.S. RALLY (Member R,T,R,A,) order to ensure southern support for the legis­ After a rally of S.S, " veterans" held in 13 Frognal Parade, lation,—(J,C.) Rendsburg, the World Jewish Congress sent Fincfaley Road, N.W.S a letter to the German authorities expressing BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER great disquiet that the Federal German SALES REPAIRS Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS. Government had not taken measures to prevent Agents for Bush, Pye, Philips, Ferranti, Port exchange. Deferred terms, an assembly of members of a Nazi organisa­ Gnmmg, etc. JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. tion. Television Rentals from 8/- Per Week 2 Pork West Place, Marble Arch, W.2 Among the speakers at the rally were three Mr. Gort will altvays be pleased to Federal M,P,s (two Christian Democrats and advise you. Tel.: PAD, 8818/9 one Free Democrat), and messages had been (HAM. 8635) AUTHORISED BECHSTCIN RETAILERS sent by leading Social Democrats.— (J.C.)

Sl^w'ij;- AJR INFORMATION December, 1965 Page 5 Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) GERMAN NEWS EX-NAZIS "PROTECT" CONSTITUTION ELECTIONS IN ISRAEL Werner Paetsch, a former official of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Con­ The "German-J ewish Vote" stitution, is being tried by the Supreme Court in Karlsruhe on charges of having passed on The question so often raised in the United served as Mimster of Justice. The late Perez secret information to the German press States, " Is there a Jewish vote ? ", could be Naphtali, a former editor of Fronfcfttrter During his trial Paetsch stated that former adapted to Israel, and within our context it Zeitung, held the economic portfolio, and the SS, officers, members of the Nazi secret service would read : Is there a German-Jewish vote in late Georg Josephtal was Minister of Labour, and other former Nazi party members, have Israel ? The recent elections to the Sixth The only member of German-Jewish descent in been employed by the Constitution Office. He Knesset have been studied and analysed from the present Cabinet is Dr. Joseph Burg, Minis­ said that the Nazis on its staff had been many a point of view—no one, however, extremely arrogant, one ex-S.S, officer openly ter of Social Welfare. boasting of his responsibility for the execution bothered to examine the political affiliations of The " Independent Liberal Party", which of more than 60 Jews during the war the " Yeckim", as the former German Jews contested the recent elections and received Questioned by the judge as to whether such are called—a nickname which depicts some of five Mandates, is to all practical purposes a suc­ a concentration of former Nazis in high posi­ their more blatant characteristics, punctuality cessor of the erstwhile " Progressive Party ". tion was necessary, the president of the and correctness. It is still headed by the now 78-year-old Pinkas Constitution Office. Herr Schruebers, replied The question is not so far-fetched, for in the Rosen, but the only other candidate represent­ that they had worked most loyally for" the pre-State years and even in the first few years ing the former German Jews was given an organisation and that their technical skills had after the establishment of Israel, German Jews been considered indispensable. He added that unreaUstic place on the Ust and was not only two of the seven former Gestano men once in that country formed a compact and distinct re-elected to Parliament: Benno Cohn. one of on the staff were stiU working fof the organi­ community whose favours were eagerly sought the leading men at " Meinecke Strasse ". Of sation. for. Up to the year 1948 they had almost a the 30 new members of the Knesset sworn The Social Democratic Partv has severely poUtical party of their own (although, of in on November 22 not cne is of German- criticised the Minister of the Interior, Herr course, German Jews were active in other Jewish origin, A similar development can be Hoecherl, for permitting the Constitution parties, too) : " Aliyah Hadashah", which seen in the municipalities : Paul Jacoby, of Offlce to be infiltrated in this way. They suited their critical and intellectual mentaUty Konigsberg, for many years one of the citv declared that only Democrats should be in being anti-nationalistic. When it was dis­ fathers of Jerusalem and the only "Yecke" employed to protect democracy. A protest banded after the rise of the State, the bulk of was also lodged by the "Zentralrat" of the in the City Council, lost his seat. Jews in Germany who, in their Information its members joined the newly founded " Pro­ These facts are neither to be bemoaned nor Bulletin, stated that the survivors of Nazi gressive Party " which propounded Uberal and to be welcomed. They are the natural out­ persecution strongly objected to being under humanistic ideas. come of the change-over of generations and the the control of persons who had participated In those years, Jews from Germany, Austria growth of Israel from a conglomeration of in the inhuman persecution methods of the and Czechoslovakia played an important part " Landsmannschaften " into what one day will Nazi regime. also numerically, constituting over 15 per cent be one people, of a population which then numbered 650,000, MASTER TEACHES NAZISM HENRIETTA SZOLD PRIZE 1965 FOR Dr. Alfred Endrigkeit, a grammar school This proportion has undergone a drastic THEA NATHAN change. Because of their comparatively high teacher in the North German town of Buesum The Henrietta Szold Prize of the Munici­ has been suspended. The school authorities age groups not a few of the immigrants from pality of Jerusalem was awarded to Thea are also conducting inquiries into the acti­ Central Europe died in the past 17 years and Nathan who for the past 15 years has been the vities of two other teachers in the school and others have left the country and resettled responsible social worker of the Irgun Olej the three may face criminal charges. Accord­ either in America, Germany or elsewhere. Merkas Europa, Jerusalem, the sister organisa­ ing to pupils, the teachers had for years made While their numbers have dwindled, the tion of the AJR, She has rendered signal pro-Nazi and antisemitic statements and had, Jewish population of Israel has more than services in the care for the aged who are during lessons, minimised Nazi crimes in the tripled, almost quadrupled, so that their ratio accommodated in the Homes of that organisa­ wartime concentration camps. has gone down to under 4 per cent. tion. At the same time she is also in charge Endrigkeit, who is facing disciplinary of its other social services. proceedings, was reprimanded by the school In the first years after Statehood, German Her practical work for the well-being of her authorities in 1960 for making pro-Nazi state­ Jews had a prominent role in Government. The charges is combined with a thorough know­ ments. He is understood to be a local leader whole apparatus of justice and jurisdiction was ledge of the wider theoretical problems of the neo-Nazi National Democratic Party built up by Pinkas Rosen, who for many years involved. On many occasions she has been which polled about 640,000 votes in the recent asked to address international meetings and Federal elections. conferences of the U.N. on geriatric questions, Thea Nathan, who started her Jewish activi­ ties in the German-Jewish Youth Movement, is also well known to many of our friends in this country. Whenever she came to England Ackermans she paid visits to the Homes in London, BONN M.P. A'ISITS ISRAEL Dr, Rainer Barzel. parliamentary leader of Chocolates the West German Christian Democrat Party, the majority Government party, came to Israel De Luxe for a short visit. The visit was private but it is understood that all aspects of Israeli-West IN BEAUTIFULLY German relations were reviewed, including the DESIGNED question of West Germany's future economic aid, PRESENTATION PRIZE FOR ISRAELI BOXES The Blake Prize for ReUgious Art has. for the first time since it was established 14 years MARZIPAN ago, been awarded to a Jew, Israeli-born Asher Bilu, of Melbourne, His abstract painting, " I SPEOAUTIES Form Light and Create Darkness ", won him the prize of about £400. DIABETIC CHOCOLATES . , and I can tell you 43, KENSINGTON CHURCH ST., "NORWEST " is BEST FOR CHAUFFEUR-DRIVEN LONDON, W.8 CAR HIRE WES. 4359 and 'Phone : Day and Night HAM. 4150 9. GOLDHURST TERRACE, & Day HAM. 4154 FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.6 NORWEST CAR HIRE LTD. MAI. 2742 331-5 FINCHLEY RD.. N.W.3 Your advance bookings weicomed. APIOOB Page 6 AJR INFORMATION December, 1965

F. L. Brassloff The programme of the National Demo­ crats was worded in moderate language and stressed (or rather pretended) belief in RIGHT-WING TRENDS AND parliamentary democracy; but it is generally understood that their real ideals are akin to, if not identical with, those of GERMAN ELECTIONS National Socialism, allowing only modifica­ It is generally agreed that the basic issue come the period of " Germany in atone­ tions due to the changes of circumstances. of the German election campaign was the ment ". After a term of 20 years, the Among their programatic demands was a up - to - the - last - moment open question time had come now to rescind the verdict call for a general amnesty : " enough of the whether the electoral strength of the three of condemnation against the Germans. one-sided trials to overcome the past when major contesting parties would be changed Speakers of the other major parties, too, in other countries millions of war crimes to such an extent that it would lead to the frequently indulged in strong patriotism ; against German men, women and children discontinuance of the coalition of the representatives of the non-socialist parties remained unpunished ". The party tries Christian Democrats and Social Christian often adopted an attitude of critical with a measure of success to appeal to the Unions with the Free Democratic Party and superiority towards America and Britain. young generation. It claims that one-third its replacement by a government in which It was obvious that such utterances were of its 12,500 registered members are under the Social Democrats would become major mainly aimed at voters from the right-wing 30. It does not openly advocate anti­ or junior partners of the CDU/CSU. The extreme nationalist strata of the popula­ semitism but its propaganda, literature and campaign centred on prominent party per­ tion whose numerical strength and electoral press contain sufficient allusions of an anti- sonalities rather than on controversial inclinations remained undiscernible up to Jewish character ; it is openly hostile to policies. "The " images" of the official election day—and after. Perhaps the most Israel. protagonists—Federal Chancellor Erhard, blatant and rationally inexplicable incident While the right extremists will still have his Social Democratic counterpart, Berlin's in the efforts of the officially democratic no say in Federal politics, the total vote Mayor Brandt, the leader of the Free Demo­ parties to woo the right extremists was gained by the National Democrats has crats Mende—dominated the extensive and the publication of advertisements by the shown them to be sufficiently strong and expensive publicity campaign of their Christian Democrats and the Free Demo­ vocal to be no longer counted as belonging respective parties. crats in the undisguisedly neo-Nazi monthly to the lunatic fringe. They will now have It is open to conjecture how far the Nation Europa, which also carried an to be taken seriously. moves of these politicians to project them­ advertisement of the right extremist National Democrats. Of still greater significance is the selves and their parties actually influenced phenomenon that right extremism itself the electorate in maintaining the state of It may be safely assumed that only a without a specific party allegiance has affairs by casting for the CDU/CSU block minority of the sympathisers with right become an accepted element in German 15,317,544 votes, amounting to 47.6% of extremist tendencies voted for the pro­ political life. Its foremost spokesman, the the total vote (votes in 1961, 14,298,372 ; fessedly nationalist groups. The fact that weekly Deutsche Nationai-Zeitung, has 45% of the total vote), for the FDP, it is a requirement for every contesting carefully refrained from siding with any 3,058,880 or 9.5% (in 1961, 4,028,675 ; party to get at least five per cent of the of the parties contesting the election but 12.8%), and for the Social Democratic total vote in order to obtain any repre­ has published scores of readers' letters giv­ Party, 12,697,544 or 39.2% (in 1961, sentation in parliament discouraged ing their reasons for voting for one of the 11,427,353 ; 32,6%). It will also require especially right extremists from voting right extremist groups (mainly the National thorough research before it can be reliably according to their genuine convictions. Democrats) or for one of the major parties, I assessed whether the decline of the Free Only an unrepresentative minority showing a certain preference for the Democrats was halted by their fierce and appeared to be willing to waste their votes Christian Democrats as " the lesser evil ". demonstrative opposition to the extension in order to show their true allegiance and It seems that the editors of the paper as of the Statute of Limitations for the prose­ to indicate the existence of right-wing non- well as of most other right extremists do cution of Nazi criminals and whether Herr conformism hoping that at a later date it not wish to be identified with the National Strauss's success was partly due to his con­ may become a more powerful element in Socialists but rather extol the military sistently plugging the thesis that the Ger­ German politics. virtues and achievements of the past and man people should, after all, get rid of This is the true significance of the picture the major parties of the present the perpetual complex of " having to come 643,330 votes, i.e., two per cent of the total regime as corrupt, depending on, and sub­ to grips with the past ". Strauss reiterated vote, cast for the National Democratic servient to, foreign powers. They are not again and again that Germans should over­ Party. The NDP was established in Novem­ quite clear in their attitude to the Soviet ber, 1964, as rallying group for a number Union. Rejection of " Bolshevism" is of right extremist organisations and per­ mingled with respect for Russia and the sons who had left other parties and groups. hope to play off East against West in order Its main component is the German Reich to establish German predominance in a Party, which had obtained merely 262,977 future political set-up of Europe. votes, i.e., 0,8 per cent of the total vote at the general elections in 1961. The con­ One of their avowed main aims is a siderably higher vote cast this time for the Greater Germany including the Sudeten NDP, both as to numbers and to percentage, territory. They are already for that reason amounts to a success of those elements of hostile to the Peoples' Democracies. They the extreme right who strive for consolida­ side unequivocally with the -A.rabs, par­ tion and integration of the numerous ticularly Egypt, and against Israel; reject groups and factions in order to shape them reparations and indemnification payments into a serious political instrument. The to the Jewish State and the Jewish victims National Democrats did not reach the target of Nazi persecution ; and object to the of one million votes which they had hoped prosecution of Nazi crimes as " fouling to get (they put their stake much higher their own nest ". The Auschwitz and other for propaganda purposes) and which Nazi crimes trials are denigrated. The observers of the German political scene demand for punishing Allied war crimes is feared they might obtain. voiced with great vehemence. The provo­ cative manner in which these views are More important than the number of being proclaimed secures the Deutsche votes was the attention the National Demo­ Nationai-Zeitung a readership estimated to crats were able to attract. Their propa­ be 100,000. ganda drives were conducted skilfully with the use of publicity stunts. These Though the number of voters who are induced the German press, which tends to in sympathy with right-wing extremism minimise the significance of right should certainly not be overestimated, extremism, to take notice of them and there can be no doubt that quite a few especially to report on the " pilgrimage " Germans agree with these sentiments and of the party leaders to the cemetery at would be prepared to accept them openly if Landsberg prison to pay tribute to the political and social conditions would create memory of executed war criminals buried a favourable climate for a nationalist there. movement. AJR INFORMATION December, 1965 Page 7 Lucie Schachne Old Acquaintances Obituary : Julius Elbau, the former Chief THE FRANKFURT BOOK FAIR Editor of Vossische Zeitung, died in Cronton- on-Hudson at the age of 84. From 1947 to Sidelights and Highlights 1962 he wrote leaders for the New Yorker Staatszeitung.—Dr. Carl Misch, who was also Every year in the early autumn, at a time panel were completely undecided. There was on the staff of Vossische Zeitung, has died in when ordinary citizens are making a deter­ still much aggressiveness to be met in Ger­ Kentucky. He was 69.—Alfred Kerr's widow, mined effort after a summer hoUday to many, it was said. Too much of German Julia Kerr (nee Weissmann), died in London,— re-settle into their day-to-day routine, a small thinking was stiU fostered by the traditional The well-known stage and screen star, Lucy section of the intelligentsia all over the five Friend-Foe conception. Much of the future EngUsch, died in Erlangen at the age of 63.— continents pack their cases and are off again depended on education, the pattern of which Sophie Stein, the 83-year-old mother of the on their travels. Their journey has been com­ was, in the opinion of the panel, still too Countess of Harewood and widow of the musi­ pared to a pilgrimage, their Mecca is Frank­ authoritative. The actual question of the cologist, Erwin Stein, died in London,—The furt/Main, or perhaps more to the point: the evening, as formulated in the invitation, Viennese opera singer, Jaro Prohaska, has died Frankfurt Book Fair. remained unanswered. Yet this did not seem in Munich at the age of 74, He was famous This annual event, conceived and organised to be of over-riding importance. What mat­ for his role of Hans Sachs in Bayreuth.— by the German Book Trade as a mere trade tered was the frankness and sincerity with Dr, F, T, Gubler, who succeeded Benno Reifen­ convention has, over the past years, outgrown which the discussion among the panel of mem­ berg as literary editor of the Frankfurter Its original frame and purpose. Of course, bers and from the floor was conducted. There Zeitung. died at the age of 66 in New York,— business is still being transacted at the Fair, was an acute awareness of the dangers still Max Picard, the 77-year-old writer and publishers still settle their accounts with lurking from the past, and a genuine readiness philosopher, has died in Lugano. retailers, accept new orders and bid for highly for vigilance. It was an encouraging evening. contested copyrights. But the accent has been As in preceding years, the last but one day Austria : Willi Forst will forsake his retire­ shifted and no longer rests on business only. of the Book Fair, a Sunday, provided the ment to direct a film about Franz Lehar, The During the week of the Fair, Frankfurt is formal highlight of the week: the presentation script will be by Walter Reisch, author of transformed into an international meeting- in the Paulskirche of the Peace Prize spon­ " Maskerade",—Theo Lingen will direct place for talk and discussions. Publishers and sored by the German Book Trade, For the Molnar's " Maerchen vom Wolf" at the their authors (present and future), editors and first time in fifteen years, a woman was Akademie-Theater.—Leopold Lindtberg will critics from London and Warsaw, from New honoured with it: Nelly Sachs, dramatist. produce Moliere's " Der Eingebildete Kranke " York and Belgrade, gather and talk " books ". at the Burg, with E, Balsar,—In place of Gustav They look around and probe, perhaps not so Froehlich, who had suffered a heart attack, much into their competitors' productions, but Johannes Heesters will star in Rattigan's more into the intellectual climate prevailing " Winslow Boy " at the Josefstadt, directed by in the countries of their colleagues. Hans Jaray,—Peter Kreuder is working on a musical based on Wagner's " Meistersinger To the visitor who is concerned with Jewish von Nuernberg ". affairs the 1965 Fair had to offer many interest­ ing aipecls. There was a surprising range Milestones ; Anton Walbrook celebrated his and number of Jewish and Israeli titles, par­ 65th birthday in London. He is best known ticularly on the stands of German pubUshers. for his roles in the films " Maskerade " and " No, they are not prestige books ", I was told " La Ronde ".—Hermann Thimig, who cele­ by a leading German publisher, " there is a brated his 75th birthday in Vienna, is still hale real interest in them among our reading and hearty. He will be remembered by many public. They are not only published but also who saw him in Goldoni's " Diener zweier sold ". Herren " at the opening of the Komoedie in One of the functions at the Fair was a BerUn,—Leopold Lehmann, once on the staff '• Podiumsdiskussion " on the subject " Sind die of the Berliner Tageblatt and a founder mem­ Deutschen gutglaeubig ?—20 Jahre nach ber of the German Television Society, cele­ Auschwitz", The meeting was arranged by brated his 70th birthday in London, where the Humanistische Union in Frankfurt, The he is an insurance broker.—Ernst Lothar, •' Cantatesaal " (next to the Goethehaus), with brother of playwright Hans Mueller and hus­ a seating capacity of at least 800, was crowded. band of actress Adrienne Gessner, turned 75 The majority of the audience consisted of in Vienna, where he is dramatic critic of the Express. Germans between the ages of 25 to 40. No one NeUy Sachs appeared to have come just in order to be \pirs from Everywhere : Rolf Gerard Will seen. There was a full turn-out of the press poetess and translator, who has become famous design the decors for the London performance ana television cameras. for her lyrical works, and in particular as the of Arthur Miller's " Incident at Vichv", Generalstaatsanwalt Bauer (of the Auschwitz author of " Eli, Ein Mysterienspiel vom Leiden starring Alec Guinness.—Christian Weissbrod, trials) was a member of the panel. So was Israel". formerly of Helene Weigel's BerUner Robert Neumann, the author, and four well- Born in 1891 in Berlin, she fled from Ger­ Ensemble, committed suicide in the Marien- known personaUties of German public life. many, together with her mother, as late as kirche. He had decided first not to return to The theme of the evening, sparked off by 1940 and settled in Stockholm where she has East Berlin at the end of the company's recent Robert Neumann's new novel, " Der Tatbestand lived ever since. All her works have been London tour, but later changed his mind.— Oder der gute Glaube der Deutschen ", posing published in Germany. Eberhard Klagemann of Miesbach (Bavaria), the question of individual responsibility for The Selection Committee was generally who produced a "PygmaUon" film in 1935, the kilUng of the Jews, was going to engender acclaimed for having chosen her as the prize­ has commenced a law suit against the pro­ heat. It did, in fact, become a weighty dis­ winner for 1965. In fact, in several press ducers of " My Fair Lady ",—Egon Jameson, cussion, when the leading question, " How references, the question was raised why it of London, commenced a six weeks' lecture much did the average German know ? " was had taken so many years to take this decision, tour of Germany at Munich's Kleine Freiheit. answered by the author, Kraemer-Badoni: and some wondered whether it was meant as Germany : W. Dieterle has succeeded to the " Ich wusste—wahrscheinlich alles, Ich habe an accompanying gesture to the establishment directorship of the Giessen Theatre.—Paula nichts getan; denn ich woUte ueberleben," of diplomatic relations between Gennany and Wessely appears in Goethe's " Stella " in Ham­ This unexpected confession immediately led Israel. It was also welcomed that the city burg,—Tilla Durieux and Ernst Deutsch to Bauer's acclaim and comment. He could which had just witnessed the Auschwitz trial became honorary members of Berlin's Freie not remember having heard a similar state­ was now able to welcome Nelly Sachs as " the Volksbuehne.—Carl Zuckmayer will revise his ment before, although everyone in Germany great Jewish poetess, the guardian of the " Schinderhannes" for production in Wies­ had seen and heard the Nazi slogan, " Deutsch­ German language". baden,—A new monthly, Berliner Leben. has land erwache—Juda verrecke! "—words that Werner Weber, who held the " laudatio", been launched in Berlin,—Kurt Hoffmann is had left as little doubt about the final inten­ greeted Nelly Sachs as the great dramatist preparing a remake of Curt Goetz's " Hokus­ tions of the Nazis as Hitler's " Mein Kampf ". "who, safely held in her religion, has been pokus ". starring Heinz Ruehmann and Lise­ As the discussion moved on from the past able to announce in her poetry the evil of lotte Pulver, to the fuiure, and thus to the problem of the times, without allowing her own word to " Could it happen again ? " members of the become evil. PEM Page 8 AJR INFORMATION December, 1965

Rabbi Dr. S. ISeufeld Stobbe, as chairman, and Wittenbach were associated with it, as well as highly assimi­ lated Jews such as Ludwig Geiger. Bresslau ALBERT SCHWEITZER'S FATHER-IN-LAW was, however, opposed to the participation of Albert Schweitzer, one of the last of the examination. To me he seemed incredibly Graetz, the acknowledged foremost Jewish grand old men, has now also gone to his rest. ancient, although he was then only 66 vears historian, who had written the eleven-volume At a time when the Dark Continent had not old. History of the Jewish People. His reasons yet been " discovered " and people were not Harry Bresslau came from a tiny place in were obvious : Graetz was too Jewish, Thus yet thinking of " undeveloped countries " and Hanover, Dannenberg, where it is to be the work of the Commission was hardly sym­ " aid for development", that great humani­ assumed he had no opportunity to experience pathetically received in positive Jewish circles tarian performed miracles in that far sector of much Judaism. He studied history and at first and came to an end after some fifteen years. the world. What is the truth or merely legend became teacher at the Philanthropin in Frank­ On the other hand, it must be admitted that and illusion will be a matter for research and furt, but decided to take up an appointment the scholarly publications of the Commission will be determined by history. Here we will with a municipal school in Berlin, because he were historically objective, as was its consider one single aspect that is of interest also wanted to lecture at the university. He Zeitschrift fuer Geschichte der Juden in to us Jews, Few people were aware that his became a teacher at the Andreas Realgym­ Deutschland, of which five volumes were wife was a Jewess by birth, issued between 1887 and 1892. Yet the work, nasium and from 1872 " Privatdozent" at the though correct in substance, reflects the trend A few years ago I saw the German film about Berlin University. Various important scientific to demonstrate a very ancient and close link Albert Schweitzer; in it there appeared his jobs were entrusted to him. He became editor between the Jews and the Germans, a trend wife, a true parson's wife in whom there was of the " Jahrbuecher des Deutschen Reichs " that Graetz naturally would never have sup­ no visible trace of her origins. But then I and also joint editor of the " Monumenta ported. After Stobbe's death in 1887, Bresslau heard the name : " nee Bresslau ", and it imme­ Germaniae Historica", but he remained a became chairman of the Commission and con­ diately became clear to me, 'This Alsatian " Privatdozent " and was not promoted. tributed many articles himself to its journal. clergyman's wife was the daughter of the In Berlin and many other Prussian univer­ Like most Germans, he was expelled by the Jewish university professor Harry Bresslau in sities it was still the case that Jews, however French from Alsace in 1919 and lived in Strasbourg, capable they might be, were only considered Heidelberg until his death in 1926. Who was Harry Bresslau ? What was his suitable for promotion to full professorships attitude towards Judaism ? Quite by chance if they became converted. This hypocrisy was His son Ernst was Professor of Zoology at I made his acquaintance on what was for me gladly accepted and even rewarded, Bresslau the University of Strasbourg until 1918, I an important occasion, when I took my doc­ was very assimilated, but would not go so far; know nothing about his reUgious attitude and torate early in November, 1914, I had been it seemed beneath his dignity. But then the equally I do not know whether Bresslau's summoned to Strasbourg at the proper time newly founded university in Strasbourg offered daughter abandoned Judaism when she and in accordance with the usual arrange­ him a suitable opportunity; from 1890 he was married Albert Schweitzer or even earlier, ments to appear before my tutor. Professor first extra-ordinary and later on ordinary pro­ Walter Goetz (later in Leipzig and Democratic fessor of history there. His research work COPIES OF AJR INFORMATION member of Parliament), who had accepted my was widely acknowledged. thesis in July, 1914, But war broke out in Bresslau's contribution to Jewish historical There has been a particularly great demand the meantime and Professor Goetz was imme­ research is, however, disputed. At his insti­ for extra copies of the October and November diately called to the colours as a captain. In gation a " Commission for the History of the issues of AJR Information, It would be his place Professor Harry Bresslau, who had greatly appreciated if some readers who no Jews in Germany" was founded in 1885 longer require their copies kindly sent them already retired by then, had to give the by the Deutsch-lsraelitische Gemeindebund. to the AJR, 8 Fairfax Mansions, London, lectures and also to conduct the doctorate Well-known Christian historians such as Otto N.W,3,

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The Staff of the C,B,F, NEW LIBERAL JEWISH cordially invites members CONGREGATION of the AJR and their friends to a invite you and your friends to come to their BRANCHES IN MAIN TOWNS BINGO EVENING CHANUKAH BAZAAR on SUNDAY, December 12 SATURDAY, DEC. 4 from 7-10 p,m. from 5 p.m. ot Osmond House, The Bishop's Avenue, SUNDAY, DEC. 5 LUGGAGE REPAIRS SHOE REPAIRS London, N.2 1 1 a.m. to 7 p.m. Large selection of all types ot tratel aoodt. RICHS SHOE REPAIR SERVICE especiallv Air Travel Cases. at All travel goods repaired. The proceeds will be used for Old trunks and cases bought, now at 250 Finchley Rd. (Paloca FAIRFIELD & FUCHS Court). N.W.3, and 133 Hamilton needy Jewish children in India, 51 Belsize Square, N.W.S 2S7 West End Lane. N.W,6 Road, N.W.n (near Swiss Cottage) WE COLLECT AND DELIVER Refreshments 5/- Many Prizes. 'Phone HAMpstead 2602 'PHONE HAM. 1336. SPE. 7463 AJR INFORMATION December, 1965 Page 9

EUGEN STRAUSS IN MEMORIAM Dr. Eugen Strauss (friiher Augsburg), der im Alter von 86 Jahren kurzlich dahinschied, MRS. RUTH BERLAK will be sadly missed by her colleagues on the war unter den in England lebenden fruheren Committee, all of whom had a deep affection Refugees sicherlich einer der bedeutendsten It is announced with deep regret that Mrs. for her. Through her regular visits to the Reprasentanten des einstigen deutschen Ruth Berlak, nee Baeck, passed away suddenly Home she also became the trusted friend Judentums. Recht und Gerechtigkeit waren on November 6. As the daughter Leo Baeck of the residents. Many of them, in spite of die Leitmotive seines Lebens, Giite und and the wife of Dr. Hermann Berlak, she was their age and ill-health, paid their last tribute Mannesmut die Hauptziige seines Charakters. well known in Jewish life both in pre-war to her when she was put to rest. Den Kampf gegen den Antisemitismus nahm Germany and later in this country. Together We feel united in our sense of loss with her er als junger Student im K. C, auf und setzte with her husband and daughter (now married daughter, Mrs. Marianne Dreyfus, and the ihn an fUhrender Stelle im C. V. fort. Sein and living in the United States) she came to other members of her family. stolzes Bekenntnis zum Judentum, wie seine England in 1939. Their home at Watford Way Gewissenhaftigkeit, fuhrten zu seiner Wahl became a rallying-point for a wide circle of MRS. L. HERRMANN in den Verband Bayrischer Israelitischer friends. When, after his liberation from Gemeinden. In England leistete er, namentlich Theresienstadt, Dr. Baeck came to stay there The death of Lene Herrmann after a motor­ im K.C., hervorragendes zur Abwehr und as well, a new task was allotted to her. She ing accident while on holiday in her native .Aufklarung, insbesondere durch seine had to provide him with a home where he Czechoslovakia came as a great shock to her Vortrage uber judische Personlichkeiten und could devote himself to his important work many friends. Hers was the simplicity of a great jiidische Probleme, ADOLPH ASCH. without undue disturbance. The tact, calm heart: too unassuming to take part in and understanding with which she accom­ official activities, she efficiently and unobtru­ JACOB ROSENHEIM plished this difficult task was admired by all. sively helped where help was needed. She had Jacob Rosenheim, President and founder of After her husband's death she also frequently a genius for bringing the right people together, the Agudat Israel World Organisation, died accompanied Dr. Baeck on his journeys abroad. and she shirked no effort to find jobs, accom­ in Jerusalem at the age of 95. Born in Frank­ If, notwithstanding his suffering during the modation, material and spiritual comforts for furt, Main, where he lived until he left Ger­ war, he attained a great gge, it is certainly people who crossed her way. many, he was one of the outstanding leaders also attributable to his daughter's loving care. During the war, she worked for the Czecho­ of Jewish Orthodoxy. For 30 years he edited slovak Jewish Relief Committee in Westbourne Yet, above all, Ruth Berlak was also a the weekly " Der Israelit". When, in 1935, Terrace. Many members of the AJR became the headquarters of the Agudist World Organi­ personality in her own right. Imbued with the indebted to her at the time : she was respon­ spiritual values of Judaism, she was actively sible for drawing up lists of people known to sation were transferred from Frankfurt to associated with many Jewish causes and took a have been deported to the Theresienstadt con­ London, he came to this country. Six years vivid interest in numerous Jewish cultural centration camp to whom life-giving food- later he left for the United States, where he ventures. The last function she attended, two parcels were sent through the Lisbon Office of stayed until he settled in Israel in 1950. days before her death, was the Leo Baeck the American Joint Distribution Committee. THEODORE C. HIRSCH Memorial Lecture delivered by Lady Hen­ When the war drew to an end, she was equally Mr. Theodore C, Hirsch died in New York riques, when a special welcome was extended active in tracing survivors from concentration at the age of 77. He was the younger brother to her from the platform, camps and, in co-operation with the Transmare of the late Dr, Otto Hirsch, director of the Ruth Berlak also had the strength and scheme of the AJR, in putting them in touch Reichsvertretung. energy to build up her personal life anew after with anxious relatives in this country. Until 1937, Theodore Hirsch held a leading her father's death. She was hostess to a wide Our sympathies go out to her husband, our position with Salamander-Schuh-A, G, In 1938 circle of friends, and in her unobtrusive way friend Dr. Robert Herrmann, with whom she he became chairman of the Stuttgart Jewish helped them over any difficulties. shared an unusually full and intense life both Community, He emigrated to the United The .AJR has added reason to remember her in work and recreation. Their home in High- States as late as July, 1941, and also took an for her unstinting services as a member of the gate radiated happiness and was a centre of active part in the work of various German House Committee of Leo Baeck House, She strength to a vast circle of friends. Jewish organisations in the United States,

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EX-PRISONERS-OF-WAR MEET Personalia On October 30 the "Arbeitskreis Feather­ stone Park" held its annual meeting in Dusseldorf. The Arbeitskreis comprises FRITZ LANG 75 NOBEL PHYSICS PRIZE former German inmates of the prisoner-of-war camp at Featherstone Park (England), where Fritz Lang who on December 5 celebrates Dr, Richard Feynman, of the California Insti­ Captain H, Sulzbach, now Honorary President his 75th birthday at his home in Beverley Hills, tute of Technology, was awarded a Nobel Prize of the Arbeitskreis, served as Education is already a legend. He was born in Vienna in physics together with Dr. Julian Schwinger Officer. where he was first a painter, starting his and a Japanese scientist. Describing himself The gathering was welcomed by a member career in films during the First World War of the Board, Landgerichtsrat K. Schwedersky, by scripting for Joe May. His first success " of Jewish birth and no religion ", Dr. Feyn­ who, as a judge, was in charge of the investi­ as a director was with *' Der muede Tod", man said, however, that his Jewish heritage gation in several trials of concentration camp followed by " Dr, Mabuse The Gambler", definitely had something to do with his work­ guards. " Nibelungen ", " Metropolis ", " Spione " and ing in the field of physics. His love of learning The main address was delivered by the " Frau im Mond", written in collaboration and way of thinking were, he said, to a very former Secretary of State, Freiherr von with his wife, Thea von Harbou, Lang was large and conscious extent developed by his Rheinbaben. Based on personal recollections unique in that his films achieved popularity the 87-year-old speaker dealt with mistakes on his reputation alone. His first sound film father, who was a religious sceptic. This made by German statesmen in dealing with was " M " starring Peter Lorre, which was an emphasis on scholarship, dating back to the Germany's relationship to Britain between the international success. But his final German days of Talmudic scholars, had influenced him beginning of the century and the end of the film " The Last Will of Dr. Mabuse " was not greatly. First World War. shown in Germany, The gathering was also addressed by Dr, Dr, Schwinger, of Harvard University, has H, von Etzdorf. former German Ambassador In France, before he went to Hollywood, also described himself as being Jewish by to the Court of St. James's, who stated that he directed " Liliom" with Charles Boyer, birth only.—(J.C.) there had never been a greater mutual under­ " Fury", with Spencer Tracy, established standing between Britain and Germany than Lang's name in the States as well. This was LEO BAECK PRIZE FOR JEWISH CIVIL at present, although, on the other hand, per­ followed by " You and Me ", with a musical SERVANT sonal resentments against Germany were still score by Kurt Weill, and "Hangmen Also rather strong among the ordinary British Die", scripted by Brecht, His outstanding The Leo Baeck Prize, 1965, was awarded people, American films were " Woman in the Window " to Ministerialrat Dr. Ernst Blum (Saar- and " Scarlet Street", It was not until the briJcken). The Prize was endowed in 1956 NEW WIENER LIBRARY PUBLICATION fifties that he returned to Europe and directed in memory of Rabbi Dr. Leo Baeck, and is The Wiener Library has embarked on a new three pictures in Germany. Today, most of annually awarded in November 2, the anniver­ venture by the publication of a quarterly his works are classics and are frequently shown sary of his death. bulletin. It is to replace the information at London's National Film Theatre, the Dr, Blum was born in 1901 in Wellesweiler sheets which have been published during the Cinemateque in Paris and New York's Museum (Saar), and holds a responsible position with last 19 years. for Modern Art, the Saarland Ministry of Labour. He lost his The well made-up 48-page first issue, edited eyesight as the result of an accident when he by Mr, C, C. Aronsfeld, includes articles on was a schoolboy. In spite of this handicap "Racialists in Britain", "The John Birch WHITE HOUSE TRIBUTE TO ANNA FREUD he passed his law examinations with honour. Society ". " Apartheid and Christianity " and In 1930 he joined the Civil Service of the Saar­ on the Tacuara revolutionaries of the Argen­ Dr, Anna Freud, the daughter of Sigmund land, but was dismissed as a Jew in 1935. He tine. Freud, received the first annual Dolley spent the ensuing years under difficult cir­ The Bulletin is published in conjunction Madison Award in recognition of her outstand­ cumstances as a refugee in France, and with the Anti-Defamatfon League of B'nai ing achievements as a child psychiatrist. The returned to Germany after the end of the war. B'rith, ^few York, It may be ordered at a award was presented to her in the White As the head of the department for social subscription price of £1 10s, p.a. from The House by Mrs, Hubert Humphrey, Dr. Freud services he is particularly active in the care Wiener Library, 4 Devonshire Street, London, is director of the Hampstead Clinic in London, for the blind. W,l.

FAMILY EVENTS Rosenthal.—Mrs, Bertha Rosenthal, Accommodation Vacant ALTERATIONS WANTED ? Entries in the column Family nee Krebs (formerly Gleiwitz) CAMBRIDGE—Luxurious accom­ 'Phone experienced dressmaker for Events are free of charge. Texts passed away on October 26 in La modation in cultured private house best work. HAMpstead 8775, should be sent in by the 18th of Paz, aged 78 years. Deeply with gardens and deckchairs, bath, FAMILY POKER (very low the month. mourned by her husband, Joseph stakes). Partners required once a Rosenthal, son, Erhard Rosenthal, h. & c, TV, radio, telephone, cen­ week for retired couple resident Birthdays New York, daughter, Ena Steiner tral heating, use of kitchen, fridge, near Finchley Central Station. (nee Rosenthal), London, son-in- etc, 30s, per person per night. FINchley 8133. Braun.—Mrs, Fanny Braun (nee law, daughter-in-law, grandchild­ Meals and service if desired. Box Englaender), Otto Schiff House, 14 ren and great grand-daughter, 636, AJR Attendance Service Netherhall Gardens, London, CENTRAL HEATED, new decor, WOMEN available to care for sick N.W,3 (formerly Hamburg), will CLASSIFIED comfortable, quiet, bed-sitting people and invalids, as companions celebrate her 75th birthday on The charge in these columns is room in elegant flat, constant hot and sitters-in; full- or part-time ; December 16. 3s, for five words. water, lift, linen, use of kitchen. non-residential, 'Phone MAIda Moses.—Mrs, Emma Moses, nee Middle-aged or elderly person. Vale 4449, Hexter (formerly of Kassel), of 35 Situations Wanted Hampstead, £5 5s. Box 639. AJR Needlewomen Service Wessex Gardens, London, N.W.ll, Men N.W,11, Single room with fitted WOMEN available for alterations, will celebrate her 83rd birthday on basin in centrally heated block of mending, handicrafts, 'Phone MAI, Decmeber 14, RETIRED EXECUTIVE with wide commercial and production experi­ flats, near Brent Bridge, Use of 4449, ence, and good scientific back­ kitchen, 4 gns, or would share Personal Deaths flat with lady. Box 637, Cohen.—Dr. med. vet. Friedrich ground, seeks responsible position BACHELOR, 60, 5ft. 7iin., Cohen (formerly Rheurdt Kreis or partnership. Reply Box 638, Accommodation Wanted Accountant, would like to meet Moers), of 4 Hawkshead Road, ADVERTISER RESIDENT LON­ lady with view to friendship and London, N.W.4, passed away sud­ DON, experienced in Production IS THERE ANY GERMAN- marriage. Box 642, JEWISH NURSE or private denly on October 20, Deeply Management, field sales and an MISSING PERSONS moumed by his wife, Erika, nee expert in the toy trade, seeks Nursing Home that would give an 81-year-old gentleman, diabetic, a Inquiries by AJR Hertz, his family and friends, )osition in this or allied trade. Jacobsoh n.—Henry (formerly Box 640. comfortable home ? Please reply Hirschmann.—Mrs. Margarethe with indication of price to Box 644, Heinz) Jacobsohn, bom April 6, Hirschmann, of 93 High View MAN, 65, 19 years in last job, 1900, in Berlin, son of Siegfried Road, Ealing, passed away on versatile, seeks part-time work, Miscellaneous and Ellen Jacobsohn, nee Flatau, October 29, in her 85th year. e.g,, factory, packaging, store- wanted in connection with a keeping. Box 643, SUPERFLUOUS HAIR removed restitution claim. Deeply mourned by her sons, safely and permanently by experi­ Franz and Emst Hirschmann, Women enced Physiotherapist and Elec- \l relatives and friends. HIGHLY EDUCATED ELDERLY trologist, Mrs, Dutch, D,R.E., R JL fi (ELECTRICAL I TR Netter—Mrs, Cecile Netter. widow LADY, perfect English, good R.M.T., 239 Willesden Lane, N,W,2, • wL %J. INSrALLATIONS)L I V. of Julius Netter, passed away appearance, in need of additional •Phone WILlesden 1849, 199b Belsize Road, N.W.6 peacefully in her sleep on Novem­ income, is looking for congenial GENTLEMAN taking up stamp MAI. 2646/KIL. 2646 ber 9, at 12 Radcliffe Road, activity (part- or full-time), would collecting again would like to hear « :; Croydon, Surrey, at the age of 73, also consider residential position Electrical Contractors & Stockists of somebody willing to sell old of all Electrical Appliances. Deeply mourned by her children provided no rough housework. stamp album or stamps, 'Phone OFFICIALLY APPOINTED HOOVER and grandchildren. Box 641, SPEedwell 3682 after 7 p,m. SERVICE DEALERS AJR INFORMATION December, 1965 Page 11 social work of the United Nations is far from VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS AND U.N. being lively and widespread in Britain. There is almost complete agreement that human A British Scheme of Co-operation rights are satisfactorily protected in this country. Few adults care to learn about the This year has been designated as " Inter­ Farmers' Union to the British Federation of Universal Declaration of Human Rights and national Co-operation Year" to mark the University Women, the British Council of other activities of the United Nations in this twentieth anniversary of the United Nations. Churches, the Anti-Slavery Society and the sphere as it is felt that they are of little con­ The General Assembly of the U.N. expressed Federation of Soroptimists Clubs. British cern to Britain. Secondary school children the conviction " that increased public aware­ Jewry is represented by the Agudas Israel on the other hand show more interest in, and ness of the extent and significance of everyday World Organisation (British Section), the a better understanding of, human rights prob­ co-operation would lead to a better apprecia­ Anglo-Jewish Association, the Board of Depu­ lems. The British Government has a certain tion of the true nature of the world community ties of British Jews and the World Jewish respect for public opinion as expressed by and of the common interest of mankind ". It Congress (British Section). The work of responsible voluntary organisations. It seems would, however, be misleading and therefore SCESWUN is mainly carried out in Working to regard the existence of SCESWUN as con­ unhelpful merely to extol the manifold Groups on Human Rights; on the Status of venient. Collective representations may in achievements in the spheres of political, Women; on Refugees and on Economic their view be preferable to numerous indi­ economic, social and cultural co-operation. Development. The Groups were frequently vidual ones. There is, however, no conclusive Failures and shortcomings, too, have to be addressed by experts, some of them repre­ evidence yet that the authorities have been both faced and stated. Only a critical approach senting the British Govemment at United decisively influenced by SCESWUN sub­ will bring home to the rather sceptical " man Nations bodies, such as the General Assembly, missions to change or modify their policies. in the street" the need for his own and his the Economic and Social Council, the Human Although it was asserted by the British I fellow-men's participation in the realisation of Rights Commission, the Commission on the Government that SCESWUN was already act­ high-sounding and distant ideas. Status of Women and the Executive Committee ing as a National Advisory Committee on International non-governmental organisa­ of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees. Human Rights (the setting up of which was tions and their national " elements " can play Their reports were informative and frank. The proposed at the United Nations by Ceylon), a vital part in the efforts to make international speakers invariably gave their personal views this claim does not seem to be in accordance co-operation a live issue. In Britain, and impressions. Members of the Groups con­ with the real situation. SCESWUN, an unadvertised and therefore versant with the topics could enlarge on the Actually, SCESWUN has been an essay in hardly known body, has been giving serious reports and convey to the speakers their often co-operation of voluntary organisations on a attention to important aspects of this problem. divergent points of view which had not suffi­ modest scale. On the other hand, SCESWUN The rather forbidding abbreviation stands for ciently been taken into account by the Govern­ provides a comparatively solid basis for future " Standing Conference on the Economic and ment. constructive co-operation of like-minded Social Work of the United Nations", The Representations to the Government consisted bodies, A more thorough acquaintance with Conference was convened in 1953 by the mainly of written submissions ; the number of the issues which ought to be the common con­ United Nations Association of Great Britain, organisations associating themselves with such cern of the SCESWUN membership may lead All voluntary bodies in the United Kingdom statements varied from twenty-five to nine. to strengthening public interest in the demands that are British Sections or affiliates of non- The governmental authorities always acknow­ that Britain be more active, progressive and I Governmental Organisations in Consultative ledged the submissions and, as a rule, set out generous in the promotion of human rights, Status with the Economic and Social Council in their replies some reasons for the position the aid for refugees and the support of eco­ of the United Nations are entitled to take part taken by them at the United Nations. nomic development. in the work of the Conference. Its objects are The Jewish member organisations of .At the international level-Standing Confer­ " to provide opportunities to exchange informa­ SCESWUN put forward several suggestions ences of non-Governmental Organisations have tion and views on the general economic and to the groups which were acted upon. On their been set up at the United Nations and at social work of the United Nations and on such initiative representations were prepared to the UNESCO, They, too, are faced with difficulties particular aspects of that work as may specially Government to enlist its support to obtain similar to those experienced by SCESWUN. interest the Conference or some of the organ­ compensation for the post-1953 refugees under Governments and inter-governmental bodies isations taking part in its work, and to share projected German legislation, UNESCO's Con­ are disinclined to give voluntary organisations in consultation with and in presenting views to vention against Discrimination in Education much scope in spheres which they regard as H.M, Government ", The Rules state explicitly was being given attention by inviting the legal falling within their prerogative as in their that " no representation shall be made or adviser of the Ministry of Education to report view all non-Governmental Organisations statement issued in the name of the Confer­ on this international instrument. The perse­ should concentrate on supporting the imple­ ence " without the unanimous approval of the cutionary measures against British and French mentations of their decisions but not try to Conference. nationals and the Jewish population in Egypt " interfere". It is the more necessary that The thirty-nine member organisations of and the general issue of refugees from Egypt voluntary bodies, representing and voicing the SCESWUN reflect the varied interests of were also considered. interests and aspirations of the peoples of the international non-Governmental Organisations An assessment of SCESWUN's first twelve world, intensify their efforts to be heard and and their British constituents, ranging from years' activities must start with the basic con­ consulted by authorities and powers. the Trades Union Congress and the National sideration that interest in the economic and F.L.B.

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In this connection I will only refer to two LETTERS TO THE EDITOR recent reports in the October 29 issue of the Jewish Chronicle, in one of ivhich it was reported that former Nazi party members FORGOTTEN REFUGEES JEWS IN WORLD WAR U attained high positions in the Federal Office Sir,—/ started " Lifeline " in 1953 with the Sir,—In your October, 1965, issue under the for the protection of the Constitution, and the simple idea of befriending a few of the Dis- heading "Jewish Soldiers in Worid War U", other covers a rally of former S.S. men in pUiced Persons—Poles, Ukrainians, etc.—who no reference is made to the approximately Schleswig-Holstein, at which members of the had been, during the war, members of the 10,000 Jews in the South African Forces, Federal Parliament were guests of honour and Resistance in their own country and prisoners among whom, incidentally, German refugees messages of welcome were received from all of the Nazis, as I was in Belgium, and who were were well represented. major German parties, including messages stranded in Westem Germany living in poverty By the irony of fate the Roll of Honour of from leading Social Democrats. Incidents of and ill-health. To my delight the idea was the Transvaal Scottish Regiment, e.g., begins this nature are by no means isolated, and while very well received. We have been able to with the name of a German Jew, Siegfried it is necessary, 20 years after the end of the bring friendship and sonie material support to Bachman, whp lies buried at Alexandria in last war, for our own peace of mind, if nothing several thousand D.P.s. Egypt. The same name appears in the book else, to develop a spirit of forgiveness and tolerance, the Council of Jews from Germany Now that the work in Germany is nearly published in honour of the 12,000 German Jews killed in 1914-18 fighting for Germany. Father seems to be " leaning over backwards" to completed we have extended our work into and son ? I do not know. achieve this end, which I consider a mistake, other fields, and everywhere we find the tragic and a dangerous one. left-overs from large refugee problems which Details of Jewish losses, honours gained, etc., have been published by the South African Yours, etc., have been solved wholesale. These are the MARIANNE GHOSH. people who did not fit into official programmes Jewish Board of Deputies in the book " South African Jews in World War II", Johannesburg, 207 Chevening Road, and must wait for personal intervention. We London, N.W.6. feel they represent not only an obligation on 1950. Yours, etc., (There is no difference between the views all of us who are fortunate in our own homes, expressed by the correspondent and those of the but also a challenge which we must accept. H. W. LOWENSTEIN. Council. As readers will have seen from the Johannesburg. report of the Council Conference, the Council is Among the many cases which come to our also well aware of " the other side of the picture." notice there are some of the Jewish faith. A COUNCIL CONFERENCE The resolution addresses itself to that section of member of your Assocation has recently the German people who wish to make amends for befriended a refugee family in France. There Sir,—I have read with interest the report in the Hitler regime,—The Ed,) are many other families awaiting adopters to your November issu£ on the Conference of the befriend them and we would be very glad to Council of Jews from Germany. As I am SS ARANDORA STAR hear from any of your readers who would help myself a Jew from. Germany, I fully realise Witnesses Wanted us to give them a chance to re-establish them­ that the older generation of us still experience In 1940 SS Arandora Star which carried selves in a normal, happy and independent a strong tie, culturally and otherwise, with interned refugees was torpedoed by order of way of life. Germany. This is inevitable and I sympathise. the responsible officers of the German U-Boat I agree that we should support that section of Commandos, though she made the passage Yours, etc., the German people and of its youth who wish under the protection of the Red Cross. Any FRANCOISE RIGBY. to make amends for the Hitler regime, but I readers who can name witnesses or give feel very strongly that the Council has failed addresses of relatives of the victims should Chairman, " Lifeline." to present adequately the other side of the get in touch with the Zentralstelle der Landes­ 67a Camden High Street, picture, namely, that antisemitism in Germany justizverwaltungen, Schorndorfer Strasse 28, London, N.W.I. not only still exists, but is widespread. (714) Ludwigsburg, Western Germany. PHOTOCOPIES BRASSIERES, CORSETS QUICK and RELIABLE L. A. PREECE HIGHEST PRICES AND CORSELETS FIRST-CLASS INTERIOR paid for GOLDERSTAT DECORATOR Gentlemen's cast-off Clothing, All mode to meosure Special prices during winter season, 25 Downhom Rood, N.l Suitcases, Trunks, etc. MRS. A. MAYER 1 'Phone: CLIssold 5464 (5 lines) 67 Highview Gardens, Edgwore, Middlesex. WE GO ANYWHERE. ANY TIME 54 Golders Gardens. 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