AN ILLUSTRATED QUARTERLY
Blake Books: Publications and Discoveries, 2006
VOLUME 41 NUMBER 1 SUMMER 2007 &Uk e AN ILLUSTRATED QUARTERLY
www.blakequarterly.org
VOLUME 41 NUMBER 1 SUMMER 2007
CONTENTS
Article Minute Particulars
William Blake and His Circle: Blake in the Times Digital Archive A Checklist of Publications and Discoveries in 2006 By Keri Davies 45 By G. E. Bentley, Jr., with the Assistance ofHikari Sato for Japanese Publications "VISIONS OP BLAKE, THE ARTIST": An Early Reference to William Blake in the Timet By Angus Whitehead 46 Review
Blake Society Annual Lecture, 28 November 2006: Patti Smith at St. James's Church, Piccadilly Reviewed by Magnus Ankarsjo ■II
ADVISORY BOARD
(,. I . Bentley, Jr., University of Toronto, retired Nelson Hilton, University of Georgia Martin Butlin, London Anne K. Mellor, University of California, Los Angeles Detlcf w. Ddrrbecker, University of Trier Joseph Viscomi, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Robert N. Lssick, University of California, Riverside David Worrall, The Nottingham Trent University Angela Esterhammer, University of Western Ontario CONTRIBUTORS David Worrall, Faculty of Humanities, The Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS UK Email: [email protected] G. E. BENTLEY, JR., is a recovering book collector but is still ad• dicted to scholarship, at the moment to Blake's heavy metal and bibliomania (a confession) and Blake's murderesses.
MAGNUS ANKARSJO ([email protected]) is a lecturer at Nottingham Trent University and Loughborough Universi• ty. He is the author of William Blake and Gender (2006) and is currently completing the manuscript of Reconstructing Blake, on the substantial changes that Blake studies are now under• going in the wake of recent discoveries about Blake's life, par• ticularly his Moravian family background. INFORMATION
KERI DAVIES ([email protected]) has been for many years secretary of the Blake Society. He is currently a research fel• BLAKE/AN ILLUSTRATED QUARTERLY is published under the spon• low in English at Nottingham Trent University. sorship of the Department of English, University of Roches• ter. Subscriptions are $60 for institutions, $30 for individu• ANGUS WHITEHEAD ([email protected]) is a re• als. AJ1 subscriptions are by the volume (1 year, 4 issues) and searcher based at the Centre for Eighteenth Century Studies, begin with the summer issue. Subscription payments received University of York, and is organizer of the three-day interna• after the summer issue will be applied to the current volume. tional Blake at 250 conference in celebration of the 250th an• Addresses outside the US, Canada, and Mexico require a $15 niversary of Blake's birth. He is currently on the trail of Blake's per volume postal surcharge for surface delivery, or $20 for guest and customer Mrs. Chetwynd. airmail. Credit card payment is available. Make checks pay• able to Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly. Address all subscription orders and related communications to Sarah Jones, Blake, De• EDITORS partment of English, University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627-0451. Back issues are available; address Sarah Jones for information on issues and prices, or consult the web site.
EDITORS: Morris Eaves and Morton D. Paley MANUSCRIPTS are welcome in either hard copy or electronic BIBLIOGRAPHER: G. E. Bentley, Jr. form. Send two copies, typed and documented according to REVIEW EDITOR: Alexander S. Gourlay forms suggested in the MLA Style Manual, and with pages ASSOCIATE EDITOR FOR GREAT BRITAIN: David Worrall numbered, to either of the editors. No articles will be returned unless accompanied by a stamped self-addressed envelope. PRODUCTION OFFICE: Department of English, Morey 410, For electronic submissions, you may send a disk, or send your University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627-0451 article as an attachment to an email message; please number MANAGING EDITOR: Sarah Jones [email protected] the pages of electronic submissions. The preferred file format TELEPHONE: 585/275-3820 FAX: 585/442-5769 is RTF; other formats are usually acceptable.
Morris Eaves, Department of English, University of INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0160-628x. Blake/An Rochester, Rochester NY 14627-0451 Illustrated Quarterly is indexed in the Modern Language Asso• Email: [email protected] ciation's International Bibliography, the Modern Humanities Research Association's Annual Bibliography of English Lan• Morton D. Paley, Department of English, University of guage and Literature, Humanities International Complete, California, Berkeley CA 94720-1030 Arts and Humanities Citation Index, Current Contents and Email: [email protected] the Bibliography of the History of Art.
G. E. Bentley, Jr., 246 MacPherson Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4V 1A2 Canada
Alexander S. Gourlay, Department of English, Rhode Island © 2007 Copyright Morris Eaves and Morton D. Paley School of Design, 2 College Street, Providence RI 02903-2717 Email: [email protected] ARTICLE Florence and Rome, Spain with Spanish and Catalan, and the United States with the Library of Congress and the National Agricultural Library and the National Library of Medicine). And of course many of the works recorded under "Wil• William Blake and His Circle: liam Blake," especially in the libraries of the English-speaking world, are by impostors such as the Boston bookseller William A Checklist of Publications and Blake (the poet's contemporary) and the Bordeaux publisher Discoveries in 2006 William Blake (our contemporary) and the London econo• mist William Blake (the poet's contemporary), not to men• tion nominally distinct individuals such as William D. Blake, BY G. E. BENTLEY, JR. William O. Blake, and William I. Blake, whom the catalogues cannot distinguish from the true William Blake (1757-1827), the London poet. WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF HIKARI SATO And the mammoth record of Blakes in the Library of Con• FOR JAPANESE PUBLICATIONS gress catalogue (1950 entries) includes hundreds of musical settings of his poetry and motion pictures (almost all the movies irrelevant to the poet). Blake Publications and Discoveries in 2006 The harvest here is plentiful but not comprehensive, and there may be rewards left for the gleaner. I only looked in li• What is now proved was once only imagin'd braries with significant European focus, whether in Europe or Marriage of Heaven and Hell, pi. 8 in sophisticated former European colonies (Australia, Faroe Is• lands, Iceland, India, Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Singa• While looking for something else, I bumped into the pore, United States of America); I have not looked, for example, electronic links to National Library Catalogues Worldwide at the catalogues of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. I looked only
4 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 bookmen I know used to describe as "the world's largest kee: Marquette University Press, 2007), but the book was not bibliographic rubbish tip." The WorldCat web site claimed printed and published until at least two months later. on 1 February 2007 to be a "worldwide library cooperative" The American Blake Foundation has apparently been mori• with records of the holdings of 41,555 "libraries participating bund for a quarter century. It issued its last facsimile in 1976, worldwide" in 112 "countries and territories" with 76,012,210 its last scholarly book in 1979, and the last issue of its Blake "records" and 1,110,394,813 "holdings." Studies in 1981. The rich library of books and prints of Wil• I have not yet explored all these billion holdings. Even if liam Blake formed for the American Blake Foundation by time would permit it, the system would not. The system per• Kay and Roger Easson is now being dispersed. There is No mits access to only 500 entries in a category. These can be the Natural Religion (G1) pis. a4, a6, b3 were sold in 2006 through first 500, the last 500 (but apparently none of the intervening John Windle to Robert N. Essick, and Songs pi. 23 (the second 500s). One can search by chronology back from the present plate of "Spring") is on consignment for sale with Windle. or forward from the beginning—the beginning is undated Thirty-nine works with Blake's commercial engravings went works—by author [i.e., critic or editor], by "book," by "vi• to the University of Tulsa as a "Roger Easson Gift.": However, sual," by music, by title, and by year. There appears to be no according to the Eassons' catalogue of the American Blake way in which to see the entire list except going through year by Foundation research library (1977), some of the most inter• year. An oddity of the system is that locations are listed not in esting and valuable works have still not been accounted for. alphabetical order but by distance from the inquirer. These include The Royal Universal Family Bible (1780, 1781), On 10 February 2007 there were 8,411 entries for William Blair, The Grave (1808 folio and trade; 1813; 1813 [i.e., 1870]), Blake, some with hundreds of locations; two days later there Burger, Leonora (1796), Flaxman, Iliad (1805), Flaxman, Clas• were 8,457 Blake entries, and the next day there were 8,502. sical Compositions (1877), Fuseli, Lectures (1801), Hayley, Bal• There appears to be no way to ascertain which are the entries lads (1805), Hogarth's plate for Gay's Beggar's Opera second made since you last looked. state and third state colored, Lavater, Essays on Physiognomy The holdings reported are remarkably erratic. There was no (1810; "1792" [i.e., 1817], lacking vol. V), Rees, Cyclopaedia record at all of Bellamy's Picturesque Magazine (1793), Protes• (1802-20, one set with 73 of 79 fascicles, another with 77), tant's Family Bible (1780-81), Blair, The Grave (1847; 1858), Virgil, Pastorals (1821), and Young, Night Thoughts (1797) in Bonnycastle,Me«surario« (1782; 1791; 1794), Bryant, Mythol• "Original Boards uncut." ogy (1774-76), Chaucer, Prologue (1812), Thomas Commins, The discovery that Blake wrote four letters (still untraced) An Elegy Set to Music (1786), George Cumberland, The Cap• to Ozias Humphry of which we had not previously known tive of the Castle ofSennaar (1798), Darwin, Botanic Garden opens the possibility that Blake's connection with Humphry (1799), Blake's Illustrations of Dante (1838, etc.), Enfield, The was more important and extensive than we had hitherto Speaker (1797), Fenning and Collyer, Geography (1785-86; imagined. The two previously known letters from Blake to 1787), Hartley, Observations on Man (1791), Hayley, Little Humphry were written in 1808 (with two copies made by Tom the Sailor (1800), Hayley, Triumphs of Temper (1803; Blake) and 1809, at a time when Humphry was practically 1807), Kimpton, History of the Holy Bible (?1782), Ladies New blind. The four new letters are likely to be from an earlier and Polite Pocket Memorandum-Book (1782), Remember Me! period, perhaps in 1793-96 when Blake printed the copies of (1824; 1825), and Virgil, Pastorals, ed. Thornton (1821), all of America (H), Europe (D), the Large Book of Designs (A), the which have plates by Blake or were in Blake's library. Small Book of Designs (A), and Songs of Experience (H) which On the other hand, some editions are recorded in incredible Humphry acquired. Joseph Farington wrote on 19 February profusion—in one version of WorldCat there are records of 1796 that "West, Cosway & Humphry spoke warmly in favour Ariosto, Orlando Furioso, tr. Hoole (1799) in 1,497 locations, of the designs of Blake the Engraver, as works of extraordi• The Royal Universal Family Bible (1780-81 [i.e., 1781-82]; nary genius and imagination," and on 15 August 1797 Dr. 1784-85; quite an uncommon book) in 6,109 locations, and James Curry wrote to Humphry: "As poor Blake will not be Catullus, Poems (1795) in 2,041 locations. out of need of money, I shall beg you to pay him for me." The The simplicity of the records does not allow of much bib• letters newly recorded but untraced may well deal with mat• liographical fine-tuning. The descriptions are often so vague ters such as these. as to be virtually useless. No distinction seems to be made In terms of reprints of Blake's works, the most remarkable between "theses," "dissertations," and "archives," and a num• feature here is the proliferation of editions of Blake in foreign ber of manuscripts (e.g., by Hayley, Cunningham, and Varley) languages: Czech editions of Ahania, Marriage (2), Songs, and are listed with no location, which is very strange in a union selections (3); Danish selections; German editions of Mar• catalogue. Occasionally authors' names are omitted (as in the riage (2), Songs, and selections; Icelandic edition of the Songs; thesis by Mei-Ying Sung) or garbled ("Koos" for "Roos"). Italian editions of Marriage (2), Songs, and selections (3); And some of the books recorded in WorldCat do not ex• ist—or do not exist yet. In early February 2007 WorldCat 2. Most are listed in Roger R. Easson and Kay Parkhurst Easson, "Wil• listed Christopher Rowland, "Wheels within Wheels": William liam Blake: Notes toward a Catalogue of the American Blake Foundation Blake and the Ezekiel's Merkabah in Text and Image (Milwau• Research Library" (12 Feb. 1977), unpublished.
Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 5 Norwegian edition of Marriage; Polish edition of Vala; Rus• the University of Tulsa and of that formed by Beth and Jerry sian selections; Scottish selections; Spanish editions of Songs Bentley to Victoria University in the University of Toronto. of Experience, Songs of Innocence, Songs of Innocence and of Experience; and Turkish selections. Blake Catalogues
Blake's Art There were minor exhibitions of Blake in Prague (2000), in Syracuse (2003), in Bogota (Colombia, 2005), at the Univer• The most important event of the year concerning Blake's art sity of South Carolina (2006) and the Bodleian Library (2006) was the sale of his 19 watercolors for Blair's Grave at Sotheby's and Victoria University in the University of Toronto (2006). (New York) on 2 May 2006. Before the sale great distress was These were complemented by major exhibitions of Samuel expressed in the press and elsewhere at the prospect of the Palmer at the British Museum and Metropolitan Museum breakup of a collection which had survived virtually intact for (2005-06) and of Fuseli at the Tate (2006), both of which had almost exactly two hundred years. The dismemberment of significant portions on Blake. the collection occurred merely to satisfy the cupidity of the The most important catalogue of Blake in 2006 was that for vendors who had prevented Tate Britain from acquiring the the sale of his watercolors for Blair's Grave at Sotheby's (2006), collection intact. It was feared that not only would the col• which was a cultural and financial disaster—see above. John lection be scattered to several countries but that some of the Windle's biennial Blake catalogue (2006) was as original, sur• drawings would disappear entirely into unidentified or inac• prising, rewarding—and expensive—as we have come to ex• cessible collections. One generous buyer, Noel Rothman, said: pect. It was a cultural and financial triumph. "I don't understand the fuss about the breakup of the collec• tion; any real collector will surely show his treasures to any Scholarship and Criticism seriously interested scholar." But some of the buyers are not "real collectors" in this sense. Essays Reviews The sale was a disaster, and all these fears were realized. Not nd Catalogues only was the collection broken up, but the buyers are in at 2003 50 17 8 205 47 least four different countries (Britain, United States, France, 2004 31 8 6 153 81 and Germany), five of the buyers are anonymous, and eight of the watercolors were not sold at the Sotheby's sale and re• 2005 43 9 6 139 79 verted to the unknown speculators, who did not previously 2006 54 15 7 164 73 permit scholars to have access to the drawings. Probably no 2007 110 48 11 237 41 one will ever again have the privilege of seeing all the Blair wa• tercolors together as they were before they were dismembered The essays include 10 doctoral dissertations on Blake from at the Sotheby's sale. Bochum, Brown, Chicago, London, Madrid, Nurnberg, Ros• Blake seems to be even more popular, or at least modish, tock, Tubingen, Virginia, and York; they are almost certainly with publishers' design departments, as an artist than as a underrepresented here. poet. At any rate, a surprising proportion of new books on ro• Many of the essays appeared in collections, particularly manticism seem to have a cover or dust jacket design by Blake, Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly (23), the volumes edited by whether or not the contents refer to him. Perhaps the most Clark and Worrall (12) and Clark and Suzuki (24), the col• wanton use of his art on covers is the Larousse Dictionary of lections of Niimi (14) and Larrissy (11), and that by Williams Scientists, ed. Hazel Muir (1994), with Blake's color print of (12), almost 100 in all. "Newton" on the cover. The languages recorded here for 2006 are remarkably diverse and sometimes novel. This is partly because of the range of na• Blake's Commercial Book Engravings tional libraries recorded. They include (with number of entries and cities of publication): Czech (10, Brno, Liberec, Praha); Thanks in large part to WorldCat (see above), there is an Danish (1, Kobenhavn); Dutch (2, 's Graveland, Leuven); enormous harvest of new locations of books with Blake's French (6, Luxembourg, Paris, Pau); German (9, Bliesdorf, Bo• commercial engravings, 898 of them, or even thousands if one chum, Elsterberg, Erftstadt, Hartkirchen, Nurnberg, Rostock, believes some of WorldCafs wilder claims, such as 6,109 loca• Tubingen, Wiesbaden); Hungarian (2, Budapest); Icelandic (2, tions for the quite uncommon Royal Universal Family Bible Reykjavik); Italian (8, Firenze, Milano, Napoli, Padova, Roma); (1780-81 [i.e., 1781-82]; 1784-85). And I have not interro• Japanese (28, Tokyo); Mazahua (1, Mexico [City]); Norwegian gated the simple-minded giant WorldCat about books of any (2, Oslo); Polish (3, Krakow, Wroclaw); Portuguese (1, Belo complexity. Horizonte [Brazil]); Russian (1, Moskva); Scottish (1); Span- WorldCat is supplemented in a minor but more reliable way by the records here of the transfer of the collection formed for the American Blake Foundation by Kay and Roger Easson to 3. The books indude reprints.
6 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 ish (10, Barcelona, Bogota [Colombia], Cordoba [Argentina], Family" in Blake 40.3 (winter 2006-07) establishes Blake in an 4 Lima [Peru], Madrid, Medellin [Colombia], Mexico [City]); artistic and Moravian context which is very promising. Swedish (2, Stockholm); Turkish (1, Istanbul). Joseph Viscomi's "Blake after Blake: A Nation Discovers Ge• Among the more novel of the languages are Mazahua and nius," in Blake, Nation and Empire, ed. Clark and Worrall, is a Turkish. Of these 18 non-English languages, I can cope under fascinating demonstration of the way in which the emphasis difficulty with only three (French, German, and Scottish), and on "Blake the printmaker and poet rather than painter" (215) for some, such as Japanese and Mazahua, I could not even use in Gilchrist's epochal Life of William Blake, "Pictor Ignotus" a dictionary. (1863) was heavily influenced by the fact that the reproduc• Of course numbers of works about Blake are published in tions for Gilchrist's book were in kerographs (W. J. Linton had English outside the anglophone world, particularly in Japan. invented the technique in 1861) which did not reproduce tone These include Anthony F. Loke, Job Made Simple (Petaling well. Most extraordinary of all is his demonstration in "Blake's Jaya [Malaysia], 2006) and Brigita Silina, William Blake and Virtual Designs and Reconstruction of The Song of Los," Ro• English Pre-Romanticism (Riga [Latvia], 1982). manticism on the Net, that pis. 3-4 and 6-7 of The Song of Los Books were printed from just two pieces of copper, not four. Blake The most significant of the newly recorded book-length must have masked pi. 3 when he printed pi. 4, etc. This is yet studies of Blake in English are those by Ankarsjo, Bedard, another technique which Blake is not known to have used else• Snart, and Schuchard. where and which no one else is recorded as having used ever. Magnus Ankarsjo's William Blake and Gender (2006) is a Jon Mee argues in "Bloody Blake: Nation and Circulation," worthy endeavor to show the importance of "the female sex" Blake, Nation and Empire, ed. Clark and Worrall, that the em• in Blake's life and work. Unfortunately it is often marred by phasis upon the circulation of the blood in Urizen may derive factual unreliability. "Naturally, Blake was a frequent visitor to directly or indirectly from John Brown's Elements of Medi• Johnson's shop ... [where] he bought, or maybe borrowed,... cine, which Blake illustrated. And Jon Mee and Mark Crosby, [books] such as Tom Paine's The Rights of Man and the works "'This Soldierlike Danger': The Trial of William Blake for of Wollstonecraft" and where "he met Mary Wollstonecraft, Sedition," in Resisting Napoleon, ed. Mark Philp, present the ... Mary Hays,... and Joseph Priestley" (52-53, 5). All these facts of Blake's trial reliably and usefully. "facts" derived from Gilchrist are mere hypotheses, however David Fuller, "'Mad as a refuge from unbelief: Blake and attractive they may be. the Sanity of Dissidence," in Madness and Creativity in Lit• Michael Bedard's biography called The Gates of Paradise erature and Culture, ed. Saunders and Macnaughton, suggests is intended for adolescents, but its account of Blake's back• that"[t]he constant invocation of madness... in Blake's work" ground in the mean streets of the industrial revolution is suggests "a deep resistance to normalisation" (140). And worth the attention of their elders. Mark Barr, "Prophecy, the Law of Insanity, and The [First] Jason Snart's The Torn Book about Blake's marginalia is a Book of Urizen," Studies in English Literature 1500-1900, dis• highly theoretical book about "reading strategies" and layout. cusses very profitably the concepts of madness, treason, and "Perhaps meaning is not translated to materiality, but is a re• prophecy in the context of Richard Brothers, George III, and sult of materiality" (9). The Book of Urizen. The willfulness of Marsha Keith Schuchard's Why Mrs Blake Harry White, "Cruel Holiness and Honest Virtue in the Works Cried: William Blake and the Sexual Basis of Spiritual Vision is of William Blake," Blake 40.2 (fall 2006), argues persuasively displayed in the review in Blake 40.4 (spring 2007). that Blake "understood vice and virtue to be completely dif• In the section on Blake's circle, there are major books on ferent from good and evil"; he is concerned not with right and James Barry, John Boydell, and Henry Fuseli. wrong but with true and false. Andrew Lincoln, "Restoring the Essays Nation to Christianity: Blake and the Aftermyth of Revolution," There are a remarkable number of worthy essays recorded in Blake, Nation and Empire, ed. Clark and Worrall, argues that here. Among the most important of them are those by Keri in his later works "Blake's prophetic mission began to run par• Davies, Jon Mee, and Joseph Viscomi. allel to that of the more orthodox British Christians" (156). Davies on "The Lost Moravian History of William Blake's And finally G. D. Schott, "William Blake's Milton, John Family: Snapshots from the Archive" in Literature Compass is Birch's 'Electrical Magic,' and the 'falling star,'" Lancet (2003) unfortunately available only online, which is a pity, for it de• presents intriguing medical analogies to "the electric flame" in serves a more permanent milieu. It is thorough, reliable, and Milton which fell "as a falling star ... on my left foot." enterprising, incorporating almost all the known information The Tools of Scholarship about Blake's mother and the Moravians. Similarly, his es• Two regular workhorses of Blake scholarship are Robert N. say on "Rebekah Bliss: Collector of William Blake and Ori• Essick, "Blake in the Marketplace, 2005," Blake 39.4 (spring ental Books" in The Reception of Blake in the Orient, ed. Clark and Suzuki, breaks new ground in an exceedingly rewarding 4. Marsha Keith Schuchard, "Young William Blake and the Moravian way, densely factual and original. And his essay on "Jonathan Tradition of Visionary Art," Blake 40.3 (winter 2006-07), is useful on Spilsbury and the Lost Moravian History of William Blake's Moravian art but unconvincing on Blake's connection with it.
Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 7 2006) 148-82, and G. E. Bentley, Jr., with the assistance of Hi- on Blake appear under the names of their editors; kari Sato for Japanese publications, "William Blake and His their authors may be recovered from the index. Circle: A Checklist of Publications and Discoveries in 2005," Blake 40.1 (summer 2006) 4-41. Together these two works re• Division II: Blake's Circle cord most of the significant Blake works which have changed hands and writings about Blake, with evaluations of the more This division is organized by individual (say, William Hay- important of them. It is in the nature of such works that they ley or John Flaxman), with works by and about Blake's friends are far more often consulted than cited. An exception is the and patrons, living individuals with whom he had significant present checklist, which is littered with references to "Blake in direct and demonstrable contact. It includes Thomas Butts the Marketplace," an absolutely essential work of scholarship. and his family, Robert Hartley Cromek, George Cumberland, John Flaxman and his family, Henry Fuseli, Thomas and Wil• ********* liam Hayley, John Linnell and his family, Samuel Palmer, James Parker, George Richmond, Henry Crabb Robinson, Thomas he annual checklist of scholarship and discoveries con• Stothard, Frederick Tatham, John Varley, and Thomas Griffiths T cerning William Blake and his circle records publications Wainewright. It does not include important contemporaries and discoveries for the current year (say, 2006) and those for with whom Blake's contact was negligible or non-existent, previous years which are not recorded in Btake Books (1977), such as John Constable and William Wordsworth and Edmund Blake Books Supplement (1995), and "William Blake and His Burke. Such major figures are dealt with more comprehensive• Circle" (1994-2006). Installments of "William Blake and ly elsewhere, and the light they throw upon Blake is very dim. His Circle" (1994 ff.) are continuations of Blake Books and Blake Books Supplement, with similar principles and conventions. Reviews, listed here under the book reviewed, are only for I take Blake Books and Blake Books Supplement, faute de works which are substantially about Blake, not for those with mieux, to be the standard bibliographical books on Blake,1 only, say, a chapter on Blake. The authors of the reviews may and have noted significant differences from them. be recovered from the index. The organization of Division I of the checklist is as in Blake I have made no systematic attempt to record manuscripts Books: and typescripts, "audio books" and magazines, CD-ROMs, chinaware, comic books, computer printouts, radio and tele• Division I: William Blake vision broadcasts, calendars, exhibitions without catalogues, festivals and lecture series, films/ furniture with inscriptions, Part I: Editions, Translations, and Facsimiles of lectures on audio cassettes, lipstick, microforms, mosaic pave• 9 Blake's Writings ments, music, pillows, poems, postage stamps, postcards, Section A: Original Editions, Facsimiles, posters, published scores, recorded readings and singings, Reprints, and Translations rubber stamps, stained-glass windows, stickers, T-shirts, tat• 10 Section B: Collections and Selections toos, tiles, video recordings, or e-mail related to Blake. Part II: Reproductions of His Drawings and Paintings The reliability of electronic "publications" is remarkably Section A: Illustrations of Individual Authors various. Some such as Romanticism on the Net, with juries of Section B: Collections and Selections peers, are as reliable as conventional scholarly journals. Others Part III: Commercial Book Engravings suggest no more knowledge than how to operate a computer, Part IV: Catalogues and Bibliographies such as reviews invited for the listings of the book sale firm of Part V: Books Owned by William Blake the Poet Amazon.com, which are divided into those by (1) the author, Appendix: Books Owned by the Wrong William Blake in the Years 1770-1827 6. There is nothing in Blake Books (1977) and Blake Books Supplement Part VI: Criticism, Biography, and Scholarly Studies (1995) corresponding to Division II: Blake's Circle. Note: Issues of periodicals devoted entirely to Blake 7. BBC online for 20 |an. 2006 lists Peter Ackroyd.'The Romantics" are listed under the titles, and collections of essays section on Blake; BBC online press release of 21 Aug. 2002: "The complete list of the top 100" Britons includes Alfred the Great, Julie Andrews, Da• vid Beckham, Tony Blair, and William Blake; G. I'. Bentlev. Ir., was inter• viewed on Ottawa station CFRA on 17 Feb. 2006. 5. Except for the states ol the plates for Blake's commercial book 8. In 200(i an educational film of William Make: Inspiration and Vision, engravings, where the standard authority is Robert N. Bssick, William 30 minutes, is available from Timelv Television American Montage, and Make's Commercial Hook illustrations (1991). Significant former details, [osepfa Vlscomi's Island m the Moon, first produced in 1983, at
8 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 (2) the publisher, and (3) other, perhaps disinterested, remark• illustrations, the number is specified. If the illustrations in• et. Wikipedia has 3,800,000 articles in perhaps 130 languages clude all those for a work by Blake, say Thel or his illustrations with a motto "the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit."" I to L'Allegro, the work is identified. have not searched for electronic publications, and I report here § Works preceded by a section mark are reported on second• only those I have happened upon which appear to bear some hand authority. Note that some electronic journals provide authority. Of course many periodicals are now issued online titles and abstracts but require a fee to see the whole essay. For as well as in hard copies. Electronic sites change their names electronic journals, sometimes the works are half or indeed or even cease to exist, leaving not an electronic wrack behind. mostly "unseen" here because I have seen only the abstracts. In transliterations from Chinese and Japanese, foreign proper names are given as they are represented in our script Abbreviations (e.g., "William" and "Blake") rather than as they would be pro• nounced in Chinese and Japanese ("Iriamu" and "Bureiku"). BB G. E. Bentley, Jr., Blake Books (1977) The chief indices used in compiling this 2006 checklist were BBS G. E. Bentley, Jr., Blake Books Supplement (1995) Art Index for 2004-06; Books in Print 2005-2006 ([21 Sept.] Blake Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 2006) Titles p. 1334 (32 relevant entries), Subjects p. 1928 (98 BR{2) G. E. Bentley, Jr., Blake Records, 2nd ed. (2004) entries); Books in Print Supplement 2005-2006 ([26 March] Butlin Martin Butlin, The Paintings and Drawings of 2006) 454 (8 Blake entries); Citation Information by Na• William Blake (1981) tional [Japanese] Institute for Informatics; National [Japanese] Diet Library Online Catalogue; National Library Catalogues Division I: William Blake Worldwide; Jason Whittaker, "William Blake" in The Year's Work in English Studies 84, covering work published in 2003 Part I: Blake's Writings (2005), and WorldCat. It is not always easy to ascertain from 12 these fairly rough indices the relevance of a work to the poet- Section A: Original Editions, Facsimiles, painter William Blake. Reprints, and Translations I am indebted for help of many kinds to Dr. E. B. Bentley, Bucknell University Press, I. Marc Carlson (University of Tulsa Table of Collections Library), the Clarendon Press, Dr. Keri Davies, Professor Rob• ART INSTITUTE (Chicago) ILLUMINATED WORKS: Urizen pi. 9 ert N. Essick (for generously shared books and knowledge, Kay and Roger Easson ILLUMINATED WORKS: Songs pi. 23 and especially for sending me the typescript of his essay on "Blake in the Marketplace, 2006" for Blake), Stephen Ferguson Robert N. Essick ILLUMINATED WORKS: NO Natural (Princeton University Library), Joseph Flicek (of Blake Press, Religion pis. a4, a6, b3 New York), Professor Alexander Gourlay, Patti L. Houghton Roger Lipman ILLUMINATED WORKS: Songs pi. 30 (Dartmouth College Library), Dr. Mary Lynn Johnson, Sarah MORAVIAN CHURCH MANUSCRIPT: Letter of Catherine Jones at Blake (for extraordinarily meticulous editing), Jeff ARCHIVES (London) Armitage (later the poet's mother) to Mertz, Professor Karen Mulhallen, Professor Morton D. Paley, the "Bretheren & Sistors" of the Palgrave Macmillan, Maria Rossi and Marissa Grunes (Yale Fetter Lane Congregation, ?Nov. Center for British Art), Patrick Scott (University of South 1750 Carolina Library), Dr. Angus Whitehead, and John Windle. NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MANUSCRIPT: Letter of 25? Nov. 1825 I should be most grateful to anyone who can help me to SCOTLAND better information about the unseen (§) items reported here, VICTORIA UNIVERSITY in the ILLUMINATED WORKS: Songs (o) pis. 24, for which I undertake to thank them prettily in person and University of 38, 53 in print. Toronto Research for "William Blake and His Circle, 2006" was car• ried out in the Bodleian Library, the Huntington Library, the wis i MINSTER (City of) MANUSCRIPT: Letter of James Blake Bibliotheca La Solana, the University of Toronto Library, To• ARCHIVES CENTRE (the poet's brother), 1 April 1785 ronto Public Library, and Victoria University Library in the VNTRACED ILLUMINATED WORKS: 4 Ei4rope prints University of Toronto. MANUSCRIPTS: 4 letters to Ozias Humphry Symbols * Works prefixed by an asterisk include one or more illustra• 12. In this checklist, "facsimile" is taken to mean "an exact copy" at• tempting very close reproduction of an original named copy including tions by Blake or depicting him. If there are more than 19 size of image, color of printing (and of tinting if relevant), and size, color, and quality of paper, with no deliberate alteration as in page order or 1 I. This may be the only site where one can learn that William Blake numbering or obscuring of paper defects, or centering the image on the is recognized as a saint by the Kcclesia Gnostica Catholica founded on the page, or printing pages back-to-back which were printed on one side only principles of Aleister Crowley. in the original.
Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 9 The Book of Ahania (1795) The First Book of Urizen (1794) Edition Copy D §Kniha Ahanie. (N.p.: n.p., 1963). In Czech. History: In 2006 it was reproduced in the William Blake Ar• Perhaps related to the Czech translations by O. F. Babler chive. of The Book ofThel (1935), The Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1931), and Tiriel (1927)
10 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 Fetter Lane Moravian Congregation), reproduced online in 1825 November 25 Keri Davies, "The Lost Moravian History of William Blake's History: It went in 2006 with the rest of the Murray Archive Family: Snapshots from the Archive," Literature Compass 3.6
Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 11 on the Net nos. 41-42 (2006) \u IOKIA 24, 38, 53 3 — — 9.7x14.0 dark gray 2006, who offered it in his Catalogue Forty-Two: Blake Plates i MM usrn in (24) (24) (2006) #76 (reproduced twice, once in colon.price on inqui• 18.3x28.5 reddish the University ry). of Toronto (38) brown 18.4x27.8 (38,53) (53)' PI. 30 ("Introduction" to Experience) Roger ami Kay 23 1 — 7.5x2.8" Color Binding: Bound by 1857 as the frontispiece in the Pickering Easson printed'" edition of Songs of Innocence ami of Experience (1839); the preface is signed in pencil by the editor "J. J. G. Wilkinson." Copy Q History: Acquired "From a print shop in West Street, | given r History: When Gertrude Weyhe Dennis died suddenly in May me by my Bro' in Law | M . W. M. H. | 1857, | A. H." (accord• 2003, Songs (Q) passed to a private collection. ing to the pencil inscription on the verso); acquired by "Ad• elaide A. L. Hewetson.21 | From her husband, with affection. | th Copies V and Y 15 Nov. 1861" (according to the ink inscription on the recto of the front flyleaf); sold at Bloomsbury Auctions (London) History: They were reproduced for the first time in the Wil• 25 November 2005, lot 746 (estimate £200-£300) for £2,618 liam Blake Archive in 2006. to John Windle in partnership with Maggs Brothers;" sold by John Windle in February 2006 to Roger Lipman.:j Copy o PL 18 ("The Divine Image" from Innocence), pi. 24 ("Nurses Song" from Innocence), pi. 38 ("Nurses Song" from Experi• Editions ence), and pi. 53 ("The School Boy"). Sbngvar sakleysisins og Ljod lifsrcynslunnar: tveir Ijodafiokkar History: Pis. 24, 18, 38 were offered in ^Antique and Book eftir William Blake. Tr. toroddur Gudmundsson. (Reykjavik: Collector (July 1995) #25-27 at £2,250 each; pis. 24, 38, 53 were sold by N. W. l.ott of I.arkhall Fine Art in 2006 to John Windle, who offered them in his Catalogue Forty-Two: Blake 20. Robert N. Essick tells me in 2006 that Andrew Edmunds sent him a sketch of lot 207 in the Sotheby's (Belgravia) sale of 5 April 1977, which made it clear that the fragmentary design was for the second plate of "Spring" (pi. 23), not the first (pi. 22) as in the catalogue and thence in 17. The sizes in centimeters are discrepantly reported as: BBS\\ 130. Plate BBS Essick, "Marketplace, 2006" 21. Her address may be "Finchley Road & | 76 Wimpole St." inscribed 24 7.8x11.6 9.9x13.8 in pent il, perhaps in her hand, at the end of the "Preface." Her husband 38 18.7x28.1 18.7x27.9 John Hewetson (d. 1876) mav be related to H. Bendelack Hewetson, who 53 7.0x11.2 18.4x28.0 published The Influence oj Joy upon the Workman and Mb Work 18MS- I he measurement! in the Songs table above were made by (SEB. trated by Autotype Btaonikt ot Drawings by William Blake [and others] 18. The paper was trimmed to exhibit the design only, giving it a vers (1880). irregular shape with vina banging looae at the top corners. No other 22. All this information derives from Robert N. Lssiek. Blake in the Blake print is known to have been so trimmed Marketplace, 2003," Blake ».4 (spring 2006): 130. 19. Ma, 5, 22-23 (designs onlv) are the onlv plates Irom Innocence 23. According to Essick,"Marketplace, 2006." Blake40.4 (spring 2007): known to have been color printed. 119. Summer 2007 12 Blakc/An Illustrated Quarterly Isafoldarprentsmiaja, 1959) 8°, 119 pp., 17 pis. §Cantos de inocencia; Cantos de experiencia. Cronologia, in- Section B: Collections and Selections troduccion, notas y traducci6n inedita de Elena Valenti. (1977, 1987) Tiriel (U789) Jerusalem. ([?London:] Spoon Print Press, 20[06]) 11 pis. Design folding out in different directions. No. 10: "Tiriel Walking with Hela" was offered as "the Prop• Not related to the earlier edition of the song from Milton erty of a Family" (perhaps that of the previous known owner;, §Napi$u bdsne kytkdm na listy. Tr. Zden£k Hron. (1981) Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 13 *The Poems of William Blake. Ed. Aileen Ward. (1973) 14 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 DANTE Force Academy, Victoria (British Columbia), Victoria & Al• §Dante. La Divina Comedia. Tr. Francisco Jose Alcantara. (Bar• bert, Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley celona: Mateu, [ 1967]) Coleccion "Todo para Muchos" 155 B. Collection), Wabash College, Wales (Lampeter). Prologo de Marcial Olivar. La divina comedia en la literatura espanola, por Joaquin Arce. Ilustraciones de William Blake. Bellamy's Picturesque Magazine I (1793) (Barcelona: Nauta, 1968) C. (1969) * Dante Alighieri. Inferno. Tr. Henry Francis Cary. Introduced[ BIBLE by Robin Hamlyn. (London: Folio Society, 1998) Part III: Commercial Book Engravings The Royal Universal Family Bible (1781-82; 1781, 1784, 1785) ALLEN, Charles, History of England (1798) Vol. I (1780 [i.e., 1781]), vol. II (1781 [i.e., 1782]) New Lo• New Locations: Edinburgh, Michigan, Mount Holyoke, Pitts• cations: Cambridge, Victoria University in the University of burgh, Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bent• Toronto (Bentley Collection). ley Collection). Vol. I (1781), vol. II Old Testament (1784), New Testament (1785) New Location: Wittenberg. ALLEN, Charles, Roman History (1798) New Locations: Boston, Mount Holyoke, Victoria Universityf Illustrations of the Book of Job (1826; 1874) in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). 1826 New Location: Victoria University in the University of PI. 1: A "prepublication proof" of pi. 1, with Blake's signaturei Toronto (Bentley Collection). but lacking the title and "P. 2." was acquired from John Win- Edition die by Robert N. Essick. §*£/ Libro de Job. Tr. Fray Luis de Le6n [1527-91]. Ilustra• ciones de William Blake. Introduccion de Jorge Luis Borges. Archaeologia Vol. II (1773) ARIOSTO, Lodovico, Orlando Furioso BI.AIR, Robert, The Grave (1783; 1785;1791;1799) (1808;1813;1847;1858;[1870]) 1783 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria 1808 Quarto New Locations: Adelphi, Baylor, Boston, Boston University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). Athenaeum, Brown, Bryn Mawr College, California (Los An- 1785 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria geles, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz), Cape Town, Carnegie Mel- University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collectionl, Ion, Chicago, City College (New York), Claremont, Cleveland 2 copies). Museum of Art, Dayton, Duke, Georgetown, Harvard (Villa I 1791 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria Tatti), Hofstra, Hong Kong, Johns Hopkins, Kansas, Kennesaw University in the University of Toronto (Bentley CollectionI, State, Lafayette College, Manitoba, Nebraska (Lincoln), North 2 copies). Texas, Northern Illinois, Northwestern, Ohio State, Provi- 1799 New Locations: Aberdeen, Arkansas (Fayetteville), Aui•- dence Public Library, Rochester, Rutgers, St. Joseph's, Temple, gusta State, Bard College, Boston Athenaeum, British Coi•- Texas Christian, Victoria & Albert, Victoria University in the lumbia, Bryn Mawr College, California (Los Angeles), Capie University of Toronto (Bentley Collection, 4 copies), Wake Town, Cincinnati, City College (New York), Clark, Coloniail Forest, Washington (Seattle), Washington State, Wesleyan Williamsburg Foundation Research Library, Drake, Dukee, (Connecticut), Western Ontario, Williams College, Wisconsin Florida State, George Mason, Hobart and William Smith (Milwaukee), York (Toronto). Colleges, Illinois, Ireland (Maynooth), Johns Hopkins, Kenit 1813 Folio New Location: Victoria University in the Univer- State, London, London Library, Louisiana State, Michigan sity of Toronto (Bentley Collection). State, Middlebury College, Monroe Community College, Nai-• 1847 New Location: Victoria University in the University of tional Library of Wales, Nazareth College (Rochester, New Toronto (Bentley Collection). York), New Mexico, New York State Library, North Carolinaa, 1858 New Location: Victoria University in the University of Northern Illinois, Pratt Institute, Queen's University (Belfast)),, Toronto (Bentley Collection). Rochester, Rochester Public Library, St. John Fisher Collegee, 1813 [i.e., 1870] New Locations: Brown, California (San Di- St. Louis, Seton Hall, Stanford, Texas Tech, Trinity Colleg>ee ego), Queen Mary (University of London), Skidmore, Victoria (Hartford, Connecticut), Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), US Aiir University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 15 Summer 2007 The "Proof" of the title page "from the very rare folio proof Carolina, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania State, Puget Sound, edition" (1808) "colored, clearly by a contemporary hand ... Rice, San Diego State, Seattle Public, Simon Fraser, South [with] a very strong connection to Blake's and Mrs. Blake's pal ern California, Stanford, State University of New York (Stony ette," was offered in John Windle, Catalogue Forty-Two (2006) Brook), Temple, Texas, Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria #5 (reproduced vastly reduced in size and in black and white; & Albert, Virginia, Wake Forest, Waseda (Tokyo), Western price on request). According to Essick, "Marketplace, 2006," Ontario, William & Mary. Blake 40.4 (spring 2007): 131, "The hand coloring shows some skill on the descending figure, but amateurish carelessness in The Cabinet of the Arts (1799) the coloring of the flames. This colorist would not seem to be New Locations: Dartmouth, Princeton. the same as the artist who colored all the Blake pis. in a copy of the 1808 quarto issue now in the Huntington Library." Location Number of "F: Revolution prints plate present [BLOWER, Elizabeth,] Maria: A Novel (1785) Bibliotheque Nationale 95 No Elizabeth Blower's novel was not only subscribed to by Flax (Paris) man and Romney (6 copies) 16 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 CHAUCER, Geoffrey, Poetical Works (1782) York Academy of Medicine, Victoria (British Columbia), New Locations: South Carolina, Victoria University in the Wales (Lampeter), Wellcome Library. University of Toronto (Bentley Collection, 2 sets). 1795 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). CUMBERLAND, George, Outlines from the Antients (1829) 1799 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria Univer• University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). sity in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). DARWIN, Erasmus, The Poetical Works of Erasmus Darwin CUMBERLAND, George, Thoughts on Outline (1796) (1806) New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• New Locations: Agnes Scott College, Alberta, Bibliomation to (Bentley Collection). Inc., Bodleian, Boston College, Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Bridgeport Public Library (Connecticut), Brown, DANTE, Blake's Illustrations of Dante (1838-1968) California (Berkeley, Los Angeles, San Diego, Santa Barbara), 1968 New Location: Victoria University in the University of Cleveland Health Sciences Library, Columbia, Dallas, Dayton Toronto (Bentley Collection). Metropolitan Library, Denver, Desert Botanical Garden of Arizona, Hamilton College, Hiram College, Johns Hopkins, DARWIN, Erasmus, The Botanic Garden, Part 1 Lakeland (Michigan) Library Cooperative, London, Massa• (1791;1791; 1795; 1799) chusetts Institute of Technology, McGill, McMaster, Missis• 1791 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria sippi, Missouri Botanical Gardens, National Library of Ire• University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). land, Nebraska (Lincoln), New York Academy of Medicine, Part I, 1st ed. (1791), Part II, 2nd ed. (1790) New Locations: Niedersachsische Staats- und Universities-Bibliothek, North Academy of Natural Sciences (Pennsylvania), Alberta, Ameri• Carolina, Notre Dame, Nottingham, Oakland, Ohio Histori• can Museum of Natural History, Arizona, Atlanta Historical cal Society, Ohio State, Princeton, Queen's University (Bel• Center, Benedictine College (Atchison, Kansas), Bodleian, fast—Science Library), Rochester, San Francisco Public Li• Bowling Green State, Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Bryn Mawr brary, Victoria & Albert, Washington (St. Louis), Wisconsin College, California (Irvine, San Diego, Santa Barbara), Chi• (Madison), Yale. cago Botanic Garden, Cincinnati, Claremont, Colorado State, Edition Columbia, Connecticut, Dartmouth College, DePauw, Detroit §The Poetical Works of Erasmus Darwin. 3 vols. (Tokyo: Hon- Public Library, Duke, Georgetown, Georgia, Hunt Institute No-Tomosha, 1997). for Botanical Documentation, Illinois, Illinois State, Johns Hopkins, Kansas State, Lamar, Linda Hall Library (Kansas EMLYN, Henry, Proposition (1784; 1797) City), Lloyd Library and Museum (Ohio), Los Angeles Pub• 1784 New Location: Victoria & Albert. lic Library, Michigan, Missouri, Museum Boerhaave (Leiden), 1797 New Locations: Pennsylvania, State University of New New Hampshire, New York Botanical Garden, New York York (Stony Brook). Public Library, Oak Spring Garden Library, Oklahoma State, Purdue, Richmond, Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew), Royal Col• ENFIELD, William, The Speaker lege of Art (London), San Francisco, Smithsonian Institution, (1774 [i.e., 1780]; 1781; 1785; 1795; 1799; 1800) South Carolina, Southern California, Southern Methodist, 1774 [i.e., 1780] New Location: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson). State University of New York (Buffalo, Stony Brook), Toronto 1781 New Location: Victoria University in the University of Public Library, University Club (New York), Utrecht, Valen• Toronto (Bentley Collection). tine Richmond History Center, Vanderbilt, Vermont, Virginia, 1785 New Location: Victoria University in the University of Virginia Military Institute, Virginia Tech, Washington (Se• Toronto (Bentley Collection, 2 copies). attle), Wayne State, Weber State, Wellcome Library, Wellesley, 1799 New Location: Victoria University in the University of Wesleyan (Connecticut), Western Ontario. Toronto (Bentley Collection). Part I, 1st ed. (1791), Part II, 3rd ed. (1791) New Locations: 1800 New Location: Victoria University in the University of Brown, Buffalo & Erie County Public Library, California (Da• Toronto (Bentley Collection). vis, Santa Cruz), Harvard (Medical School), Iowa, Kenyon Col• lege, Montreal, National Agricultural Library (US), New York EULER, Leonard, Elements of Algebra (1797) Public Library, Ohio State, Rutgers, Smithsonian Institution, New Locations: Aberdeen, Birmingham, Cambridge, Edin• Tulsa, Windsor, Wisconsin (Madison), Yale (Medical Library). burgh, Glasgow, Leicester, McGill, Michigan (Dearborn), Part I, 2nd ed. (1791), Part II, 3rd ed. (1791) New Locations: Newcastle, New York, Oklahoma, Santa Fe Institute, Strath- Cambridge, Essex, Queen's University (Belfast—Science Li• clyde, Wisconsin (Madison). brary), Wellcome Library. Part I, 2nd ed. (1791), Part II, 4th ed. (1794) New Locations: Atlanta Historical Center, National Library of Wales, New Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 17 Summer 2007 FIAXMAN, John, Hesiod (1817) HAYLEY, William, Designs to a Series of Ballads (1802) New Locations: South Carolina, Victoria University in the New Locations: Harvard, Union-PSCE, Victoria University in University of Toronto (Bentley Collection, 3 copies). the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection, Ballads 1-2). FLAXMAN, John, The Iliad (1805) HAYI l Y, William, Essay on Sculpture (1800) New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• New Locations: Boston Athenaeum, Bryn Mawr College, Cal• to (Bentley Collection, 4 copies). ifornia (San Diego), Johns Hopkins, McMaster, Niedersach- sische Staats- und Universitats-Bibliothek, Principia College, FUSELI, John Henry, Lectures on Painting (1801) Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Col• New Locations: National Library of Switzerland, South Caro• lection). lina, Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). HAYLHY, William, Life ... of William Cowper (1803-04) 1803-04 New Locations: Adelphi, Alberta, Allen County Pub• GAY, John, Fables (1793; [1811]) lic Library (Indiana), Arizona State, Boston, Boston College, 1793 New Locations: Carnegie Mellon, Indiana, Rhode Island, Brandeis, British Columbia, Bryn Athyn College, Bryn Mawr Rochester, Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria & Albert, Vic• College, California (Berkeley, Irvine, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz), toria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collec• Central Connecticut State, Chicago, Clark, Connecticut, tion), Westminster City Library. Delaware, Essex, Harvard, Houston, Howard, Illinois, Johns 1793 [1811] New Locations: Indiana, South Carolina, Tulsa Hopkins, Lehigh, Leicester, Louisiana, Loyola (Chicago), Mar• (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria University in the University of quette, McMaster, Michigan State, Middle Temple (London), Toronto (Bentley Collection), Washington (St. Louis).30 Mills College, Minnesota, Missouri, National Library of Ire• land, Nebraska (Lincoln), Newberry Library, New York, Ohio, GouGH, Richard, Sepulchral Monuments in Great Britain, Principia College, Queen's University (Belfast), San Francisco Part I (1786) Public Library, Southern California, Southern Illinois, State New Locations: Buffalo ck Erie County Public Library, Inner University of New York (Albany, Stony Brook), Texas (Aus• Temple (Honourable Society of the), Leicester Academy, Lon• tin), Trinity College (Hartford, Connecticut), Tulsa (gift of don Library, Newberry, Newcastle, New York Public Library, Roger Easson), Vanderbilt, Vassar, Victoria & Albert, Victoria St. Mary of the Lake, Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson). University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection, 2 sets), Virginia, Wake Forest, Wales (Lampeter), Washington HAMILTON, G., The English School (1831-32; 1837; 1839) State, Wellesley, Wesleyan (Connecticut), Williams College, 1831-32 New Locations: Arizona, Boston Athenaeum, Wisconsin (Milwaukee). Brigham Young, Brooklyn Public, Buffalo & Erie County 1803 2nd ed. of vols. I—11 New Location: Victoria University in Public Library, California (San Diego, Santa Barbara), Cam• the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). bridge, Delaware, Fordham, Georgia Institute of Technol• 1803 New York New Location: Victoria University in the Uni• ogy, Harvard (Fine Arts Library), Kentucky, Mississippi, New versity of Toronto (Bentley Collection). Hampshire, New York Historical Association, Pennsylvania State, Smithsonian Institution, Victoria University in the Uni• HAYI l Y, William, Life of George Romney (1809) versity of Toronto (Bentley Collection), Villanova, Virginia, New Locations: Alberta, Albright Knox Art Gallery (Buffalo), Washington (St. Louis), Wellesley. Arizona, Arizona State, Bibliotheque d'Art et d'Archeologie (France), Boston Athenaeum, Bowdoin College, British Co• HARTLEY, David, Observations on Man (1791) lumbia, Brown, Bryn Mawr College, California (Berkeley, New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria Univer• Los Angeles, Riverside, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz), Chicago, sity in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). Chrysler Museum, Columbia, Connecticut College, Cornell, Dartmouth College, Delaware, Edinburgh, Emory, Florida, HAYI i Y, William, Ballads (1805) Glasgow, Harvard (Fine Arts; Houghton), Illinois, Indiana, New Locations: Bryn Mawr College, California (Berkeley), Iowa, Johns Hopkins, Kansas, Kentucky, Lehigh, Librarv o\ Chicago, Cincinnati, (Colorado, Michigan State, Missouri, Na• Virginia, London Library, Los Angeles County Museum of tional Library of Wales, New York Public Library, North Texas, Art, Manchester, McGill, McMaster, Michigan, Minnesota, Northwestern, Ohio State, Phoenix Public, Skidmore, Stan New Brunswick, Northwestern, Ohio State, Pennsylvania ford, Temple, Tulsa, Victoria University in the University of State, Queens College (New York), Rice, Ringling Museum Toronto (Bentley Collection), Washington (St. Louis), Wayne of Art, S.ui 1 -rancisco, San Francisco Public Library, Stan• State. ford, Strathclyde, Texas (Austin), Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Utah, Utrecht, Victoria (British C 'olumbia), Victoria 8c Albert, 30. BBS p. 216 reports two "copies of unrecorded date" in Washington Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Col• (St. louis), but there is only one copy, of [ 1811 ]. lection, 2 copies, 1 lacking plates i. Virginia, Virginia Histori- 18 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 cal Society, Wake Forest, Wales (Lampeter), Washington (St. LAVATER, John Caspar, Essays on Physiognomy Louis), Waterloo, Wisconsin (Green Bay, Madison, Milwau• (1789-98; 1810; "1792" [i.e., ?1817]) kee, Parkside). 1789-98 New Locations: National Library of Switzerland, Tul• sa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria University in the University HAYLEY, William, Triumphs of Temper (1803; 1807) of Toronto (Bentley Collection). 1803 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria 1810 New Locations: South Carolina, Victoria University in University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection, the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). 2 copies). 1807 New Location: Victoria University in the University of LINTON, W. J., Thirty Pictures by Deceased British Artists Toronto (Bentley Collection). (1860) New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• HENRY, Thomas, Memoirs of Albert de Haller (1783) to (Bentley Collection). New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• to (Bentley Collection). MALKIN, Benjamin Heath, A Father's Memoirs of His Child (1806) HOARE, Prince, Arts of Design (1806) New Locations: Baylor, Birkbeck College (London), Boston New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria Univer• College, Brown, California (Irvine, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz), sity in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). California State (Bernardino), Cambridge, City University of New York, Claremont, Cornell, Davidson College (North Car• HOGARTH, William, Works (1795-1838) olina), Delaware, Emory, Essex, Florida State, Georgetown, 1822 New Location: Victoria University in the University of Georgia, Georgia State, Hong Kong, Johns Hopkins, Kansas Toronto (Bentley Collection). City Public, Kentucky, Library of Congress (2), Loyola (Chi• cago), Macalester, McGill, Michigan State, Minnesota, Mount HUNTER, John, Historical Journal (1793) Holyoke, Newberry, New Hampshire, New York Public Li• A and B New Locations: Arizona State, Bodleian, Boston Ath• brary, Nihon (Mishima-Shi, Shizuoka, Japan), North Texas, enaeum, British Museum (Ethnography), California (Santa Northwestern, Notre Dame, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Penn• Cruz), California State, Detroit Public Library, Essex Muse• sylvania, Providence College (Rhode Island), Puget Sound, um, Harvard (Botany), Johns Hopkins, London (Corporation Rice, Rutgers, St. Louis, St. Olaf, Simon Fraser, South Carolina, of), London Library, Mariners' Museum, Nagoya (Informa• Southern California, State University of New York (Buffalo), tion Center, Aichi-Ken, Japan), Peabody, San Francisco Public Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Vanderbilt, Victoria 8c Albert, Library, Texas Tech, Trinity College (Hartford, Connecticut), Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Col• Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Col• lection), Wake Forest, Washington (Seattle), Western Ontario, lection), Virginia. William & Mary, Wisconsin, Yale (Medical Library), York. David Bindman bought in July 2006 from a print stall on JOSEPHUS, Flavius, Works Portobello Road, London, a proof before all letters of the fron• ([1785-87?]; [?1795];[?1799];[?1800]) tispiece in a state between the two previously known states; [1785-87?] New Location: Victoria University in the Univer• "The central portrait medallion corresponds to the image st sity of Toronto (Bentley Collection). in the 1 proof St., but the surrounding design corresponds to nd 31 [ ? 1795 ] New Location: Victoria University in the University of the 2 proof st. (design finished, but lacking all letters)." Toronto (Bentley Collection). [ ? 1799 ] New Location: Victoria University in the University of Monthly Magazine (1797) Toronto (Bentley Collection). New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• to (Bentley Collection). [ ? 1800 ] New Location: Victoria University in the University of Blake apparently copied the portrait of "The late M." WRIGHT Toronto (Bentley Collection, 2 copies). of Derby" (Anon.: Blake: s) from a print on which is written LAVATI R, John Caspar, Aphorisms on Man "Wright, of Derby; etched by himself" which later belonged to 32 (1788;1789;1794) George Cumberland. 1788 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collec• tion). 31. Essick, "Marketplace, 2006," Blake 40.4 (spring 2007): 133. For re• 1789 New Location: Victoria University in the University of productions of the 1st and published versions, see BBS pis. 5-6. Toronto (Bentley Collection). 32. William Bemrose, The Life and Works of Joseph Wright, A.R.A., 1794 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria Commonly Called "Wright of Derby" (London: Bemrose & Sons, 1885) 106, a reference pointed out by Martin Butlin and recorded in Essick, University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collec• "Marketplace, 2006," Blake 40.4 (spring 2007): 146. tion). Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 19 MORA, Jose Joaquin de, Meditaciones Poeticas (1826) 1786 New Location: Victoria University in the University of New Locations: Biblioteca Nacional de Chile, State University Toronto (Bentley Collection). of New York (Stony Brook), Victoria University in the Univer• 1795 New Location: Victoria University in the University of sity of Toronto (Bentley Collection). Toronto (Bentley Collection). NICHOLSON, William, Natural Philosophy (1782; 1787) SEALLY, John, and Israel LYONS, 1782 New Location: Victoria University in the University of A Complete Geographical Dictionary (1787) Toronto (Bentley Collection). New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• 1787 New Location: Victoria University in the University of to (Bentley Collection). Toronto (Bentley Collection). SHAKESPEARE, William, Dramatic Works (1802) Novelist's Magazine, Vol. VIII (1782; 1784; 1792) New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• 1782 New Locations: South Carolina, Tulsa (gift of Roger Eas• to (Bentley Collection). son), Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection, 3 copies). SHAKESPEARE, William, Plays 1792 New Location: Victoria University in the University of (10 vols., 1805; 9 vols., 1805; 9 vols., 1811; 1839) Toronto (Bentley Collection). 1805 9 vols. New Location: Victoria University in the Univer• sity of Toronto (Bentley Collection). Novelist's Magazine,\o\. IX (1782; 1785; 1793) 1805 10 vols. New Location: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson). 1782 New Locations: South Carolina, Tulsa (gift of Roger Eas• 1811 New Location: National Library of Switzerland (3 sets). son), Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley 1839 New Location: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson). Collection). STEDMAN, J. C, Narrative (1796; 1806; 1813) Novelist's Magazine, Vols. X-XI 1796 New Locations: South Carolina (a second set), Tulsa (gift (1783;1785;1793;1811) of Roger Easson), Victoria University in the University of To• 1783 New Locations: South Carolina, Victoria University in ronto (Bentley Collection). the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). 1806 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria 1785 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). 1811 New Location: Victoria University in the University of STUART, James, and Nicholas RFYETT, Toronto (Bentley Collection). Antiquities 0)'Athens, Vol. Ill (1794) New Location: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson). OLIVIER, [J.,] Fencing Familiarized (1780) New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria Univer• VIRGIL, Pastorals (1821) sity in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• to (Bentley Collection, 2 sets: one with vols. I-II lacking the [RITSON, Joseph, ed.,] A Select Collection of English Songs Blake plates, one with vol. I only, but with Blake plates). (1783) After publication, Linnell bought the 17 woodblocks and al• New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria Univer• lowed prints to be made from them. A set of 16 of them (lack• sity in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). ing the first print) was sold at Christie's (London), 29 March 2006, lot 57 [for £3,600], according to Essick, "Marketplace, SALZMANN, C. G., Elements of Morality 2006," Blake 40.4 (spring 2007): 134. (1791;1792;1805; 1815) 1791 New Location: Victoria University in the University of WIHTAKIR, John, The Seraph ([1818-28]; [1825-28]) Toronto (Bentley Collection, vol. Ill only). [1818-28] New Location: Victoria University in the University 1792 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria of Toronto (Bentley Collection). University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). [1825-28] New Location: Victoria University in the University 1805 New Location: Victoria University in the University of of Toronto (Bentley Collection). Toronto (Bentley Collection, vol. I only). 1815 New Location: Victoria University in the University of WVs Magazine (1784) Toronto (Bentley Collection). New Location: Victoria University in the University of Toron• to (Bentley Collection). S( on, John, Poetical Works (1782; 1786; 1795) 1782 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). 20 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 WOLLSTONECRAFT, Mary, Original Stories from Real Life 2003 31 MARCH-2MAY (1791;1796) ^William Blake at Syracuse University: An Exhibition of Works 1791 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson, 2 copies), from the Syracuse University Art Collection and Special Col• Washington (St. Louis—a second copy, lacking pi. 4). lections at E. S. Bird Library: Louise and Bernard Palitz Gal• 1796 New Locations: Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson), Victoria lery, Syracuse University Lubin House, 11 East 61st Street, University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection). New York, New York, March 31 -May 2,2003. (Syracuse: Syra• cuse University Art Collection, 2003). YOUNG, Edward, Night Thoughts (1797) New Locations: Colgate, Colorado, Colorado College, Dallas 2005 16 MARCH-9 MAY Public, Delaware, Georgia, Grinnell, Miami, Mount Holyoke, §Grabadores del inframundo: Jacques Callot, William Blake, North Texas, Pennsylvania State Library, Principia College, Francisco de Goya, Honore-Victorin Daumier, marzo 16- Quincy (Quincy, Illinois), Salem, Skidmore, South Carolina, mayo 9, 2005. [Ed. Beatriz Gonzalez and Carolina Vanegas.] Stanford, Tulsa (gift of Roger Easson, disbound), Victoria (Bogota [Colombia]: Biblioteca Luis Angel Arango, Banco University in the University of Toronto (Bentley Collection, 2 de la Republica, 2005) 28 cm., 76 pp.; ISBN: 9586641562. In copies, one printed without the engravings), Virginia. Spanish. Edition Young, Edward. The Complaint, and the Consolation; or, Night 2006 15 FEBRUARY-1 MAY Thoughts. (2004) Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 21 §*Martin Butlin, "Gothic Nightmares," London Magazine Patrick Scott. "Preface." 1. Feb.-March 2006: 28-35. The modest teaching exhibition includes chiefly Blake Trust Alan Riding, "To Sleep, Perchance to Have a Gothic Night• facsimiles and 26 works with Blake's commercial book illus• mare," International Herald Tribune 3 March 2006: 24. trations, some of them acquired not long after the founding Kelly Grovier, "'She is mine and I am hers!' Henry Fuscli, in 1805 of South Carolina College, the precursor of the uni• Voyeurism, and the Dark Side of the Canvas," Times Literary versity. Supplement 10 March 2006: 16-17. Review Martin Myrone, "A Taste for Horror: How did the Age of Rea• Tat Berman, "Romancing the Plate: Blake engravings bring son give birth to the Gothic, with its emphasis on the irra• artist's heavenly visions down to Earth," State [Columbia, tional and supernatural? Martin Myrone, curator of a major South Carolina] 25 Aug. 2006. new exhibition at Tate Britain, argues that the British taste for Gothic art was the product of uncertainty, change and revolu• 2006 15 SEPTEMBER-28 OCTOBER tion," ForteanTimes: The World of Strange Phenomena March "All Genius Varies": A display celebrating William Blake 2006: 32-40. (1757-1827) at the Bodleian Library 15 September-28 Octo• §M. Farine, "Supernaturel," VOeil no. 578 (March 2006): 81 ber 2006. (in French). A 4-leaf flier describing 9 important Blake works in the §F. Whiteford, "Gothic Nightmares: Tate Britain," World of In• Bodleian, in conjunction with the Blake and Conflict confer• teriors 26.3 (March 2006): 195. ence at University College, Oxford, 22-23 September 2006. §David Bindman, "Fuseli," Burlington Magazine 148 (May 2006): 364-65. 2006 30 OCTOBER-15 DECEMBER [ Robert C. Brandeis.] William Blake and His Contemporaries: 2006 2 MAY An Exhibition Selected from the Bentley Collection at Victoria * William Blake: Designs for Blair's Grave [Sotheby's auction] University [in the University of Toronto held in] Victoria Uni• Tuesday, May 2, 2006. (New York: Sotheby's, 2006) 4", 84 pp. versity Library, Toronto October 30-December 15,2006. (To• (including 14 pp. about Sotheby's), 50 reproductions includ• ronto: Victoria University Library, 2006) large square 8°, 36 ing the 20 lots, 10 "actual size"; no ISBN. pp., 39 reproductions; ISBN: 0969525761. A very handsome, responsible catalogue, printed in red and Robert C. Brandeis. "Introduction." 5. black, with color reproductions. Maureen Scott Harris. "Portrait of a Collector." 36. Reprint• Nancy Bialler, with the assistance of Robert N. Essick. "Wil• ed from VicReport 35.1 (autumn 2006). liam Blake: Designs for Blair's Grave? 7-16. Essick also as• The reproductions include the unique Marriage (M) (en• sisted with the catalogue of the watercolors. tire),33 the Riddle Ms. (recto and verso), Visionary Head of The 20 lots and their estimates are detailed in E. B. Bentley, ?Henry VIII, Linnell oil sketch of Mrs. George Stephen, Sto• "Grave Indignities: Greed, Hucksterism, and Oblivion: Blake's thard watercolor of "Infancy" (for "The Seven Ages of Man"), Watercolors for Blair's Grave," Blake 40.2 (fall 2006): 66-71. and Henry Tresham's oil of Anthony and Cleopatra (for the A "Sotheby's Press Release" (2006) is called "Greatest Blake Boydell Shakespeare). There are separate sections on Wil• Discovery in 100 Years: Lost Watercolors to Be Sold by So• liam Blake, George Cumberland, John Flaxman, Henry Fuseli, theby's in New York: Most Important Offering of Works by John Linnell, Thomas Stothard, and Henry Tresham, mostly the Artist Ever to Appear at Auction [sic] Estimated to Bring in the context of Blake. $12/17.5 Million on May 2, 2006: Watercolors Will Be Exhib• ited in London [9-15 March], Paris [20-24 March], Chicago 2006 [NOVEMBER] [27-28 March], Los Angeles [11-12 April] and New York [31 *John Windle. Catalogue Forty-Two: Blake Plates. (San Fran• March-5 April, 28 April-1 May]"; the vendor is described as "a cisco: John Windle, [Nov.] 2006) 4°, 24 unnumbered pp., 93 European based private collector." lots, 97 reproductions; no ISBN. *Nancy Bialler. William Blake: Designs for Blair's Grave: Nine• John Windle. "Introduction." [3.] teen Watercolors. ([New York: Sotheby's, 2006.]) There are 93 lots for sale, mostly Blake prints removed from A fold-out sheet (3 leaves) announcing the sale. books, each very briefly described and reproduced on a great• For accounts of and protests against the sale, sec entries ly reduced scale. The most remarkable lots are: in Part VI under Anon., Bailey, Bailey and Adam, Blake 40.2 5. Engraved title page from "the very rare folio proof edition (E. B. Bentley), Dickson, Eyres, George, Gleadell, Healey, of [Blair's] The Gnivc, issued in 1808 ... colored, clearly by a Hirsch, Melikian, Moore, and Vogel. 2006 20 Juur-15 SEPTEMBER 33. Marriage (M) (the BlSt 2 pp. reproduced). Songs pi. 39, and an electrotype <>t die Songt were exhibited in Extra muros I intra mums: A William Blake: Visionary and Illustrator. [Catalogue of an < oOaJboratwe Exhibition oj Ran Books i»ni Special Collections at the L'm- exhibition at] Rare Books and Special Collections, Thomafl versity <>/ Toronto: The Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University ol''To• Cooper Library, University of South Carolina, July 20-Scp- ronto, September 25-December 22. 2(X)6 (Toronto: University of Toronto tember 15, 2006. 4°, 22 leaves; no ISBN. I ibrary, 2006). 22 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 contemporary hand, and the coloring has a very strong con• *Anon. The First and Last Days of William Blake. (London: nection to Blake's and Mrs. Blake's palette." Whiterabbit, [2003]) 16", 20 pp.; no ISBN. 7. "Chaucers Canterbury Pilgrims," 5lh state, on india paper A pamphlet, with excerpts from Peter Ackroyd, the Blake mounted on heavy wove paper, $22,500. Archive biography, and John Tolva, "The 'bounding line': 76. Songs pi. 23 ("Spring"), color printed, trimmed to the de• Verbal and Visual Linearity in Blake's 'Laocoon' and Book of sign only with irregular outlines, price on inquiry (from the Urizen," "produced to mark England's Second Blake Supper" American Blake Foundation library). (28 Nov. 2003) of the Knights of Albion ("Crusaders for and 77. Songs (o) pi. 24 ("Nurses Song" from Innocence), in gray Explorers of The Art and Vision of William Blake") and the ink on paper with "partial Whatman watermark," trimmed Mental Fight Club. close to the plate, price on inquiry (sold to Victoria University in the University of Toronto). Anon. "Opinion: No Justification for Splitting Up Blake's Wa• 78. Songs (o) pi. 38 ("Nurses Song" from Experience), printed tercolors." Artlnfo 6 March 2006, online, citing the New York in red on wove paper without watermark, price on inquiry Times. (sold to Victoria University in the University of Toronto). 79. Songs (o) pi. 53 ("The School Boy"), printed in orange on §Anon. "Selling Out William Blake: Paintings Up for Sale." unwatermarked wove paper, price on inquiry (sold to Victoria New York Times 16 Feb. 2006. University in the University of Toronto). 85-87. There is No Natural Religion (G1) pis. a4, a6, b3, "ru• Anon. "William Blake and 'The Grave.'" New York Times 20 dimentary color printing" in olive-brown on unwatermarked Feb. 2006: A18. B. §Anon. "William Blake and 'The Grave.'" wove paper, price on inquiry (from the American Blake Foun• International Herald Tribune 21 Feb. 2006. dation library, sold to Robert N. Essick). The argument that, because one of the Blair watercolors is 90. "Morning Amusement" and "Evening Amusement" (Wat- now at Yale, the set is already broken up and can appropriately teau-Blake), "printed in sepia, with touches of hand-coloring be sold piecemeal "is nonsense"; "This is an auction [Sothe• in blue and rose, cleaned and repaired," $7,500 (sold to Victo• by's New York, 2 May 2006] that should not take place." ria University in the University of Toronto). §Aspley, Kenneth. "William Blake." In his The Life and Works Part V: Books Owned by William Blake the Poet of Surrealist Philippe Soupault (1897-1990): Parallel Lives (Lewiston [New York]: Edwin Mellen Press, 2001) Studies in REYNOLDS, Sir Joshua, Works (1798) French Literature, vol. 51. History: The history of Blake's annotated copy before it See Philippe Soupault, William Blake (1928) *Anon. "Blake and Felpham: The 250th Anniversary of Wil• §Bailey, M. "Will Tate Save a Set of William Blake Water- liam Blake's Birth 28 November 2007: A Village Celebrates." colours?" Arf Newspaper no. 158 (May 2005): 30. ([Felpham: The Rectory, 2006.]) A 7-page proposal for "a week of events" and a Blake "Me• *Bailey, Martin, and Georgina Adam. "'The break-up could morial Window" in St. Mary's, Felpham. and should have been avoided': A unique William Blake al- Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 23 bum has been dispersed forever, probably on behalf of an in• Binyon, Laurence. "William Blake: Painter, Poet, Seer." Un• vestor from the Gulf." Art Newspaper 1 June 2006, online. published manuscript (c. 1932-35), 19 sheets (c. 5,000 words), The company that offered the collection of Blair watercol- "written out by Binyon's wife, Cicily, and signed by Binyon," ors, which is "registered in the British Virgin Islands," prob• offered in James Cummins' Catalogue 97 (Nov. 2006) #10, ably made no profit. according to Essick, "Marketplace, 2006," Blake 40.4 (spring 2007): 136. §Barna, Mark Richard. "Blake's World of Imagination." The World and I (Nov. 1996). B. §"The Imagination of William Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Blake." English Romanticism, ed. Laura K. Egendorf (San Di• Volume 39, number 3 (winter 2005-06) ego: Greenhaven Press, 2001). Robert N. Essick. "A (Self?) Portrait of William Blake." 126- 39. *Barr, Mark L. "Prophecy, the Law of Insanity, and The [First] For a minor "Corrigendum," see Blake 39.4 (spring 2006): Book of Urizen? Studies in English Literature 1500-1900 46 182. (2006): 739-62; abstract on 977. "Concerned with an expansive definition of treason in 1794, Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Blake utilized the cultural conflation of prophet with mad• Volume 39, number 4 (spring [April] 2006) man and encoded his prophetic books with a form of internal *Robert N. Essick. "Blake in the Marketplace, 2005." 148- contradiction analogous to legal conceptions of insanity—an 82. (Comprehensive, shrewd, and invaluable. An "Appendix: internally divided subject was deemed incompetent to stand New Information on Blake's Engravings" [181-82] gives in• trial or instigate legal proceedings" (977). formation for Easson and Essick, William Blake: Book Illustra• tor, vol. 1 [1972], Essick, The Separate Plates of William Blake *Bedard, Michael. William Blake: The Gates of Paradise. [1983], and Essick, William Blake's Commercial Book Illustra• (Toronto: Tundra Books, [12 Sept.] 2006) 4°, vii, 192 pp., tions^}].) 91 reproductions, including all of For Children (D); ISBN: Robert N. Essick. "Corrigendum." 182. (In"A (Self?) Portrait 088776763X. of William Blake," Blake 39.3 [winter 2005-06]: 137, Blake's A handsomely illustrated popular biography stressing the teacher in miniature painting in 1801 should have been Wil• importance of the industrial revolution. liam Meyer rather than his father Jeremiah [d. 1789].) Reviews Aileen Ward. "Building Jerusalem: Composition and Chronol• §Book List ("A fine biography"). ogy." 183-85. (Cumberland's statement in 1807 that "Blake 1 Susan Perren, Globe and Mail [Toronto] 2 Dec. 2006: D22 ("a has eng. ' 60 Plates of a new Prophecy" [Blake Records (1969) rich, engrossing, and sympathetic biography" for "ages 14 and 187] must refer to Milton [with 50 plates—Milton "at one up"). time may have contained something like sixty plates"] rather than to Jerusalem [with 100 plates], for 71 Jerusalem plates are Bentley, G. E., Jr. Blake Records. 2nd ed. (2004) 24 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 books, but the formation of "none [of them] ... resembles the inform his readers of what he thought to be right and wrong, debated one in the Zoas title," and therefore "it is not likely but true and false" [52, 53].) that the mark was deliberately inserted by Blake") Morris Eaves and Morton D. Paley. "Newsletter." 65. (After Justin Van Kleeck. "'mark ye the points' {Jerusalem pi. 83)." 26 years, Nelson Hilton is retiring as review editor, to be re• 190-91. ("[P]unctuation ... in Blake's etched, and then print• placed by Alexander Gourlay.) ed, works [as cited by Ankarsjo] offers little valuable or reli• *E. B. Bentley. "Grave Indignities: Greed, Hucksterism, and able evidence" about the formation of manuscript punctua• Oblivion: Blake's Watercolors for Blair's Grave" 66-71. (An tion as in The Four Zoas. [Neither Van Kleeck nor Ankarsjo account of the breakup of the set of illustrations for The Grave cites Blake's manuscript apostrophes.]) at Sotheby's [New York] 2 May 2006, with prices and buyers; 11 watercolors were sold for $7,102,640 [including premiums] Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly "which is about what they [the vendors] are believed to have Volume 40, number 1 (summer [July] 2006) paid for them in 2002, viz. £4,900,000. They still have eight G. E. Bentley, Jr., with the assistance of Hikari Sato for Japa• watercolors, for which $4,810,000 was offered and rejected at nese publications. "William Blake and His Circle: A Checklist the 2006 sale" [71].) of Publications and Discoveries in 2005." 4-41 (with an index Mark Crosby, Troy Patenaude, and Angus Whitehead. "Wil• by Sarah Jones). (2005 was "a slow year for Blake's writings," liam Blake and the Age of Revolution: The Interdisciplinary but "a strikingly good harvest" for his commercial book en• Blake MA Course, Centre for Eighteenth Century Studies, gravings, major catalogues by John Windle and COPAC; "the University of York, 1998-2004: An Appreciation, Checklist spate of writing about Blake continues unabated," including of Dissertations and Publications." 72-74. (An impressive works in Afrikaans, Catalan, and Galician [4-6].) course organized by Michael Phillips which produced 11 Review graduates in six years and 17 publications, all but one by the C. S. Matheson. Review of William Vaughan, Elizabeth E. authors of the essay.) Barker, Colin Harrison, et al., Samuel Palmer 1805-1881: Review Vision and Landscape, Catalogue of the exhibition [s] at the Eugenie R. Freed. Review of Janet Warner, Other Sorrows, British Museum ... and at the Metropolitan Museum of Art Other Joys: The Marriage of Catherine Sophia Boucher and (2005). 42-43. ("[T]his exhibition and the catalogue are great William Blake: A Novel (2003). 75-79. (The novel will "charm achievements.") and beguile any reader ... a bravura performance" [75].) Minute Particulars Robert N. Essick. "Blake and Kate Greenaway." 44. (Essick Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly owns a rough sketch for a cover or dust jacket for a proposed Volume 40, number 3 (winter [January 2007] 2006-07) edition [1901] of Songs of Innocence with her own illustra• *Marsha Keith Schuchard. "Young William Blake and the tions.) Moravian Tradition of Visionary Art." 84-100. (The Mora• David Groves. "'This Class of Impostors': Robert Cromek's vian tradition in art is clear, though the paintings are mostly View of London Booksellers and Engravers." 45. (Cromek's lost; Blake's connections with them are highly conjectural, warranted vilification of illustrated book publishers such as C. pace Schuchard.) Cooke is expressed in his edition of Reliques of Burns [ 1808]; Keri Davies. "Jonathan Spilsbury and the Lost Moravian His• tory of William Blake's Family." 100-09. (The career of Blake's Blake is present only by analogy.) acquaintance Jonathan Spilsbury [ 1737-1812], a portrait paint• W.H.Stevenson. "Blake's Advent Birthday." 45. (In The Mar• er and engraver who became a devout Moravian, has intrigu• riage of Heaven and Hell, the "thirty-three years" since the "ad• ing parallels to that of Blake. "I suspect that the Blake family's vent" of the Last Judgment [ 1757] proclaimed by Swedenborg involvement with the Moravian church extended long after may refer to 28 November 1790, Blake's birthday.) Catherine had supposedly [sic] left the congregation, and ... David Betteridge. "Eternity in Love." 46. (A poem.) certainly [sic] seems to have been renewed after 1800" [109].) Karen Mulhallen. "Remembrance: Janet Adele Warner, 14 Minute Particular February 1931-6 May 2006." 46-47. (Janet was "a produc• Thomas R. Frosch. "An Analogue to the'Greatest Men' Passage tive scholar" with "an enormous passion for life, and a sense in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell" 110-11. (The analogue of fun," "always exquisitely dressed," with a "radiant smile" till is "the reconceptualization of the Church of Sainte-Genevieve the end.) [in Paris as the Pantheon in 1791], with its implication of the Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly replacement of God by humanity.") Volume 40, number 2 (fall [October] 2006) Anon. "Newsletter." 111. ("The village of Felpham is cel• Harry White. "Cruel Holiness and Honest Virtue in the Works ebrating the 250th anniversary of Blake's birth by planning of William Blake." 52-65. (A dense and impressive essay argu• a festival of arts week in November 2007" and "The Centre ing that Blake "understood vice and virtue to be completely for Eighteenth-Century Studies at the University of York ... is different from good and evil.... [ H ] is approach ... was not to hosting a three-day Blake at 250 conference.") Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 25 Summer 2007 §Blunden, Edmund. "[William Blake: London's Wise Eye.]" Castellano, Katey. "'The Road of Excess Leads to the Palace Wen Huei Pao [Hong Kong] 21 Dec. 1957: 9. In Chinese. of Wisdom': Alternative Economies of Excess in Blake's Con• tinental Prophecies." Papers on Language and Literature 42.1 §Blunden, Edmund. "William Blake: Songs of Innocence (2006): 3-24. (1789)." Favourite Studies in English Literature: Lectures Given in 1948 and 1950. (Tokyo: Keio University, 1950) 2000 copies. §Chaucer, Geoffrey. Cuentos de Canterbury. Traduction de B. 2nd printing. (1970) 2000 copies. Candido Perez Gallego, prologo de Pedro Guardia Masso, ultilogo de William Blake. (Barcelona: Circulo de Lectores, §Bock, Michel. Les Voies Lumineuses de la Religion: Sur les [1997]) Biblioteca Universal, Clasicos Ingleses. In Spanish. Quetes du Salut chez Gerard de Nerval et William Blake. (Lux• embourg, 2005) 30 cm., 69 pp. In French. §Chauvin, Daniele. "A propos de deux aquarelles apocalyp- A thesis. tiques de Blake: le temps et l'eternite." In VApocalyptisme (Pau: Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, [?1986]). In §Bottrall, Margaret, ed. William Blake: Songs of Innocence and French. Experience: A Casebook. (1970) 26 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 out the middle man, Blake produces a business plan distinct Lilly and Cloud is a specific refusal of Swedenborg's doctrine from both Reynolds's [lectures] and Boydell's [Shakspeare of conjugal love" [18].) Gallery]" [125].) The essay also appears silently in Blake, Nation and Empire, 7. Christopher Z. Hobson. "'What is Liberty without Uni• ed. Steve Clark and David Worrall (2006). versal Toleration': Blake, Homosexuality, and the Coopera• 3. Kazuya Okada. "'Typhon, the lower nature': Blake and tive Commonwealth." 136-52. ("[A]s he grew older, ... he Egypt as the Orient." 29-37. ("Blake's knowledge of Egyp• increased his attention to male and female homosexuality in tian iconography among other Egyptian backgrounds can be texts and art" [139].) inferred to fundamentally motivate him in the formulation of 8. Andrew Lincoln. "Restoring the Nation to Christianity: his own mythology" [30].) Blake and the Aftermyth of Revolution." 153-66. (In his later 4. Keri Davies. "Rebekah Bliss: Collector of William Blake works,"Blake's prophetic mission began to run parallel to that and Oriental Books." 38-62. (A densely factual essay which of the more orthodox British Christians" "to restore Britain to suggests that Blake and Rebekah Bliss may have had "some Christianity" [156, 153].) personal acquaintanceship" which gave Blake access to her re• 9. Steve Clark. "Jerusalem as Imperial Prophecy." 167-85. markable library [58].) (In Jerusalem [1804(-?1820)], the "central attitude ... is of an 5. Mei-Ying Sung. "Blake and the Chinamen." 63-76. (The abrasive brand of Protestant nationalism formed in opposi• flourishing trade in English pottery by firms like Spode and tion to France and Catholicism," and "precise links with the Wedgwood illustrated with transfer engravings meant that preaching of Edward Irving," and "[t]hus Jerusalem should be the demand for engravings by "chinamen" was increasing read... as a text specifically of the 1820s" [171, 172, 181].) during Blake's lifetime.) 10. Jason Whittaker. "The Matter of Britain: Blake, Milton 6. Minne Tanaka. "Colour Printing in the West and the East: and the Ancient Britons." 186-200. (Milton's History of Brit• William Blake and Ukiyo-e." 77-86. ain is "one source for Blake's strange history of Britain ... [es• 7. Sibylle Erie. "Representing Race: The Meaning of Colour pecially] in Jerusalem" [186].) and Line in William Blake's 1790s Bodies." 87-103. (An ex• 11 Robert N. Essick. "Erin, Ireland, and the Emanation in ploration of "the belief systems—both religious and scien• Blake's Jerusalem" 201-13. ("Irish history is the contempo• tific—which contributed to the identities of some of Blake's rary matrix that shaped not just Erin, but also Blake's treat• 'raced' and'animalized' figures" [88].) ment of British/biblical analogies and the construction of ... 8. Susan Matthews. "Africa and Utopia: Refusing a 'local habi• the emanation" [209].) tation.'" 104-20. (In part about Blake's "fear of territorializ• 12. Joseph Viscomi. "Blake after Blake: A Nation Discovers ing the imagination" [104].) Genius." 214-50. (He focuses on "the pictorial record" of 9. Ashton Nichols. "An Empire of Exotic Nature: Blake's Bo• "pre-Gilchrist" Blake, particularly the "recently discovered tanic and Zoomorphic Imagery." 121-33. ("Blake's [visual] [at Yale in summer 1989] album titled Blake: Proofs, Photos, imagery was directly affected by [scientific] natural history Tracings, compiled by W. J. Linton" and the technique of ker- illustration" [124].) ography "that Linton had invented in 1861.... the nature and 10. Hikari Sato. "Blake, Hayley and India: On Designs to a aesthetic of his new reproductive process affected the kinds Series of Ballads (1802)." 134-44. ("Blake acquired his knowl• of work selected and excluded for reproduction, the result of edge of Indian scenery and culture under the guidance of Hay- which was to emphasize Blake the printmaker and poet rather ley who had a good collection of Oriental literature" [ 143].) than painter" chiefly because kerographs could not reproduce 11. Tristanne J. Connolly. "The Authority of the Ancients: tone well [215].) Blake and Wilkins' Translation of the Bhagvat-Geeta." 145- The essay first appeared online on 8 March 2003 at Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 27 Summer 2007 15. Yoko Ima-Izumi. "The Female Voice in Blake Studies in Ja• (2006): 1297-1319. 1 >a\ us, Keri. "The Lost Moravian History of William Blake's Fallon, David. "'Creating new flesh on the Demon cold': Family: Snapshots from the Archive." Literature Compass 3.6 Blake's Milton and the Apotheoses of the Poet." Literature 28 Blake/An Illustrated Quarter!) Summer 2007 Compass 2.1 (2005). Farrell, Michael. "John Locke's Ideology of Education and Ghita, Catalin. "Creativity in William Blake: Definite Vision William Blake's 'Proverbs of Hell.'" Notes and Queries 251 [ns Inducing Agents." Kawauchi Review [Journal of the Society 53] (2006): 31011. of Comparative Studies in English Language and Culture, To In "Sooner murder an infant in its cradle than nurse un hoku University] 4 (2005): 2741. acted desires," "Blake may be referring ironically to Locke's" "Children should ... go without their Longings even from Gilchrist, Alexander. Life of William Blake, "Pictor Ignotus." their very Cradles." (1863, 1880, etc.) Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 29 Graves, Roy Neil. "Blake's London." Explicator 63 (2005): §Hecimovich, Gregg. "Technologizing the Word: William 131-36. <§B/AAre (2006) > Blake and the Composition of Hypertext." In Language and Beginning with the observation in The Longman Anthology, Image in the Reading-Writing Classroom, ed. Kristie S. Fleck- ed. David Damrosch et al. (2004) vol. B [sic] 91n3, that the enstein, Linda T. Calendrillo, Demetrice A. Worley (Mahwah first letters of each line of "London," stanza 3, read "HEAR," [New Jersey]: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2002). Graves proposes, apparently seriously, that "Blake's whole acrostic letterstring [INAM HIT HEAR BHBA] ... may well §*Hirsch, Faye. "Blake Sale Falls Flat." Art in America 94.6 be an authorized coterie feature" (132). (June-July 2006): 43. On the sale of Blake's watercolors for Blair's Grave at Sothe• ^Griffith, Michael. "William Blake and the Post-Colonial by's, 2 May 2006. Imagination in Australia." Chapter 8 (127 ff.) of Literary Can• ons and Religious Identity, ed. Erik Borgman, Bart Philipsen, §Hohne, Horst. "Die englische Romantik als kunstlerische and Lea Verstricht (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004). Methode und literarische Richtung: methodologische Unter- Papers from the Tenth Biennial Meeting of the Interna• suchungen unter besonderer Berucksichtigung des Romans tional Society for Religion, Literature, and Culture held in 'Frankenstein' von Mary Shelley und des Schaffens von Wil• Nijmegen, Sept. 2000. liam Blake und Percy Bysshe Shelley." Rostock dissertation, 1975. 287 leaves. In German. §Gudmundsson, t»6roddur. William Blake tvo hundrud dra. (1958). In Icelandic. §Holderlin, Johann Christian Friedrich. De mooistegedichten. Vert, [tr.] door Piet Thomas en Ludo Verbeeck; met prenten Hamlyn, Robin. William Blake Illuminates the Works of Me- van William Blake; iconografisch geduid door Lut Pil; met een linda Camber Porter. Lecture by Robin Hamlyn [to accom• inleiding door Ludo Verbeeck. (Leuven [Holland]: Davids- pany] An Exhibition of Twenty-three Works on Paper by fonds/Literair, 2000). In Dutch. Melinda Camber Porter from the Luminous Bodies Series. In• troduction by Dr. Frances Lannon. Opening Comments by Howard, Darren. "The Search for a Method: A Rhetorical the Reverend Dr. Allan Doig. Jerwood Gallery Lecture Series Reading of Blake's Prophetic Symbolism." European Romantit- and Exhibitions, Jerwood Gallery at Lady Margaret Hall, Ox• Review 17 (2006): 559-74. ford University, November 2nd 2004. (New York: Blake Press, "I propose a method of reading that focuses on Blake's rhe• 2006) oblong 4°, 39 pp.; ISBN: 0963755226. torical style," stressing deixis and synonym. "What Melinda has done ... is to really centre on what is the essence of not only Blake's writings and his meanings in his §Hughes, Jula. "Eigenzeitlichkeit: zur Poetik der Zeit in writings but also of the way he lived his life" (5). The publica• der englischen und deutschen Romantik: Blake, Schiller, tion serves also as the catalogue of the exhibition. Coleridge, Fr. Schlegel, v. Hardenberg." Niirnberg disserta• Reviews tion, 1996. 264 pp. In German. John Bayles, "Melinda Camber Porter: Passions Expressed: Sag Harbor artist and author is honored upon the release of Huneker, James G. '"Mad, Naked Blake.'" (1909, 1924) 30 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 * Jackson, H. J. "William Blake." 153-70 of her Romantic Joshi Tanki Daigaku Kenkyu Kiyo [Bulletin of Gifu City Wom• Readers: The Evidence of Marginalia (New Haven: Yale Uni• en's Junior College] 55 (2005): 1-8. In Japanese. versity Press, 2005). She remarks on "the sensational consequences when ... Keeble, Brian. "William Blake: Art as Divine Vision." Temenos Blake ... was ... let loose on books," but she concludes that "in Academy Review no. 9 (2006): 176-88. the context of reading practices of the period, Blake is hardly "[F]or Blake, ... the exercise of art is to bring about the co• eccentric at all: he talked back to his books and, like certain incidence of being and knowing" (182). other readers, he took steps to disseminate his opinions in a form of manuscript publication" (157,170). §Kenyeres, Janos. Revolving around the Bible: A Study of Northrop Frye. (Budapest: Anonymus Kiado, 2003). §Jastrzebski, Bartosz. Poezja przeciw filozofu: idea wyobrazni Focuses on Blake. i krytyka rozumu w poezji fdozoficznej Williama Blake'a. (Wroclaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnosl^skiej Szkoh/ §Kimiyoshi, Yura. "Yanagi Shiso no Shihatsu Eki: William Wyzszej Edukacji TWP, 2006) 271 pp.; ISBN: 8389518376. In Blake [Yanagi's Reception of Blake]." 4: 679-708 of Yanagi Polish. Muneyoshi Zenshu [ The Complete Works ofMuneyoshi Yanagi] A Uniwersytet Wroclawski PhD, 2005. (1914). In Japanese. John, Donald. "Romantic Regeneration: Blake, Creation, and §Kingston, Beryl. Gates of Paradise. (London: Allison & Bus• the Constitutive Imagination." Temenos Academy Review no. by, 2006). 9 (2006): 189-206. A novel about William Blake in Felpham. Jones, Steven E. "The William Blake Archive: An Over• §Kinugasa, Umejiro. "Early Literary References to Blake." view." Literature Compass 3.3 (2006): 409-16. Jugaku, Bunsho. "Shirakaba no hitotachi to William Blake— Larrissy, Edward. Blake and Modern Literature. (Basingstoke: Bernard Leach wo chushin ni [The Shirakaba Circle and Wil• Palgrave Macmillan, 2006) 8°, 188 pp.; ISBN-10: 1403941769 liam Blake—Bernard Leach the Key Person]." 2: 373-83 of Ju• and ISBN-13: 9781403941763. gaku Bunsho Shizu Chosaku Shu [The Works of Jugaku Bunsho A collection of essays. and Shizu], 5 vols. (Tokyo: Shunju Sha, 1970). In Japanese. 1. "Introduction: Blake between Romanticism, Modernism and Postmodernism." 1-17, 158. Jugaku, Bunsho. "William Blake no shogai [The Life of Wil• 2. "Zoas and Moods: Myth and Aspects of the Mind in Blake liam Blake]." 3: 95-119 of Jugaku Bunsho Shizu Chosaku and Yeats." 18-27, 159. An earlier version was in Myth and Shu [The Works of Jugaku Bunsho and Shizu], 5 vols. (Tokyo: the Making of Modernity: The Problem of Grounding in Ear• Shunju Sha, 1970). In Japanese. ly Twentieth-Century Literature, ed. Michael Bell and Peter Poellner (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1998). § Kawasaki, Misako. "Tairitsu suru jotai wo koete [Beyond the 3. "Eliot between Blake and Yeats." 28-36, 160. Contrary States]—Songs of Innocence by William Blake." Toyo 4. "Blake and Oppositional Identity in Yeats, Auden and Dylan Daigaku Daigakuin Kiyo [Bulletin of the Graduate School, Toyo Thomas." 37-55, 160-62. University] 42 (2005): 179-205. In Japanese. 5. "Blake and Joyce." 56-69, 162-63. 6. "'Deposits' and 'Rehearsals': Repetition and Redemption in §Kawasaki, Noriko. "Sensho suru Urizen—Blake no Milton The Anathemata of David Jones: A Comparison and Contrast dai 19 [21 ] yo zenbu ni tsuite [Urizen the Pretender—On the with Blake." 70-79,163. An earlier version appeared in David First Part of Plate 19 [21] of Blake's Milton}? Gifu Shiritsu Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 31 Jones: Artist and Poet, ed. Paul Hills (Aldershot: Scolar Press, §Malmberg, Carl-Johan. "Blake ville lata inbillningen virvla 1997) Warwick Studies in the European Humanities. fritt [Blake Will Let the Imagination Whirl Free]." Svenska 7. "Blake, Postmodernity and Postmodernism." 80-99, 164- Dagbladet 25 June 2006: 34-35. In Swedish. 66. An earlier version appeared in Palgrave Advances in Wil• liam Blake Studies, ed. Nicholas Williams (Basingstoke: Pal• §Martini, Cristina Elgue de. "La Divina Comedia segiin Wil• grave Macmillan, 2006). liam Blake." In Lectura Dantis en perspectiva comparada, ed. 8. "Joyce Cary: Getting It from the Horse's Mouth." 100-07, Mario Luzi et al. (Cordoba [Argentina]: Ediciones del Co- 166. pista, Instituto Italiano de Cultura de Cordoba, 2004). In 9. "Two American Disciples of Blake: Robert Duncan and Al• Spanish. len Ginsberg." 108-24,166-68. 10. "Postmodern Myths and Lies: Iain Sinclair and Angela §Martins, Cristiano. "Poesia da infancia em William Blake." Carter." 125-45, 168-69. In A Seta e o Alvo: Ensaios (Belo Horizonte [Brazil]: Edicoes 11. "Salman Rushdie, Myth and Postcolonial Romanticism." Lume, [1976]). In Portuguese. 146-55, 169-70. 12. "Conclusion." 156. Mee, Jon, and Mark Crosby. "'This Soldierlike Danger': The Trial of William Blake for Sedition." Chapter 6 (111-24) of §Loke, Anthony F. Job Made Simple. (Petaling Jaya [Malay• Resisting Napoleon: The British Response to the Threat of Inva• sia]: Pustaka Sufes, 2006); ISBN-10: 9832762049 and ISBN- sion, 1797-1815, ed. Mark Philp (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006). 13:9789832762041. A careful and enlightening summary. About Bible criticism and Blake. §Melchiori, G. "William Blake and Michelangelo." In Art and * Lucas, E. V. "Blake at Felpham." 15-18 of A Petworth Posie. Ideas in Eighteenth-Century Italy, Lectures Given at the Italian Price One [Florin del; in ms. and Sixpence] Net. (London: Institute 1957-1958 [by] Harold Acton [and others] (Roma: Burns &Oates, [1918]) <§B/aM2006)> Edizioni di storia e letteratura, 1960). B. Art and Ideas. (1961) About the fairy funeral and Blake's liking for Felpham and 32 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 *Moore, Susan. "Bleak Blake: A Picasso and a Van Gogh are *Niimi, Hatsuko. Blake's Dialogic Texts. (Tokyo: Keio Uni• estimated to fetch at least $40m each in New York, where a versity Press, 2006) xiii, 356 pp., 22 reproductions; ISBN: dispersal of Blake watercolours leaves a sour taste." Apollo 163 4766413172. (May 2006): 96-98. A collection of essays reprinted with only "a few minor al• "The saga of the [Blake] drawings' journey ... is a tale of terations and additions." cupidity and duplicity too depressing to relate." "Introduction." 1-10. Apparently amplified from "Soetsu Yanagi's William Blake," Journal of the Blake Society of St. James Mulvihill, James. "Reason in Extremis: Narratives of Regressive no. 3 (1998): 52-59 Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 33 10. "Newtonian Influences in Songs of Experience" 213-30. "The choice of Blake as the poet of the [Millennium] Dome Reprinted from Studies in English and American Literature [of [in London] says something ... about new Labour culture Japan Women's University] no. 33 (1998). Part 3: The Last Prophetic Books 11. "Self-Annihilation in Milton." 233-50. A translation by Oe, Kenzaburo. "Ikiru koto Hon wo yomu koto (4) Blake no the author from "Blake no Milton ni okeru 'Jiko Mekkyaku': juiyuo ni hajimaru [To Live and to Read (4): In the Beginning 'Self-Annihilation' in Blake's Milton" Nihon Joshi Daigaku Was Blake]." Subaru 28 (2006): 166-81. In Japanese. Kiyo, Bungakidnc Journal, Facidty of Humanities, Japan Wom• A lecture at a Tokyo bookstore on 18 September 2006. Oe en's University 46 (1996): 292-339 §Niimi, Hatsuko. "'Pensive Queen'—Thel's Questions Re• Persinger, Allan. "Blake's 'London.'" Gengo Bunka Ken• considered." Studies in English and American literature [of kyu [Studies in Language and Literature, Matsuyama Univer• Japan Women's University] no. 37 (2002). B. Reprinted in her sity] 24 (2004): 55-64. Blake's Dialogic Texts (see above). §*Piodl, Nicolas. "William Blake." (WebMuseum, Paris, §Obrestad, T. "Six Poems by William Blake." In Miscellanea: copyright 2002). 34 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 From 1962 he was intoxicated by Blake, whose poems "have 'Schuchard, Marsha Keith. Why Mrs Blake Cried: William an incantatory power unlike anything else in English"; "The Blake and the Sexual Basis of Spiritual Vision. (London: Cen• fact is, I love him." This is a credo in prose. tury-Random House, 2006) 4°, xv, 448 pp., 54 poor reproduc• tions, many related to Blake; ISBN: 0712620168. *Raine, Kathleen. William Blake. (1970, 1971, 1975, 1980) A tendentious argument that "by recovering the previously Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 35 Suied, Alain. Blake et Dante: un malentcndu poetique. (2001) Land at Sotheby's after a Desperate Struggle." International <§Blake (2006)> Herald Tribune 17 Feb. 2006, online. "De Dante (1265-1321) a Blake (1757-1827)" (7-21) and A history of the designs, announcement of their sale at So• "De Blake a Baudelaire" (23-30). theby's (New York) on 2 May 2006, and, fairly incidentally, assertion that two "Art Experts [Martin Butlin and Sir Nicho• Tanaka, Minne. "One-Pull or Two-Pull? Blake's Colour Print• las Serota, director of the Tate] Upset over Auction That May ing Technique." Jochi Eigo Bungaku Kenkyu [Sophia English Break Up Rare Set by Blake" (as the heading on B7 has it); Studies] 30 (2005): 33-48. Butlin says "that selling them individually at auction was [i.e., "I will trace in detail their [Essick and Viscomi vs. Phillips') would be] 'absolutely Philistine.'" controversy" (33-34). *Vogel, Carol. "Rare Watercolor Collection Auctioned Piece §Tanaka, Takao. "Blake no London to Felpham [Blake's Lon• by Piece." New York Times 3 May 2006. don and Felpham]." Gengo Bunka [Shikokn University, Bul• Nicholas Serota of the Tate: "It is heartbreaking that this letin of the Research Institute of Linguistic Culture] 2 (2004): exceptional group of [Blake's Blair] watercolor illustrations 69-88. In Japanese. should be broken up." §Tanaka, Takao. "William Blake's Zen, Centering on the Il• §Wada, Ayako. "Yanagi Muneyoshi, William Blake (1914) no lustrations of the Book of Job." Gengo Bunka [Shikoku Uni• sono zenshu-ban (1981) tono chigai kara ukibori ni naru sono versity, Bulletin of the Research Institute of Linguistic Culture] tokusei [The 'Academic Exactitude' of Muneyoshi Yanagi's 1 (2004): 75-82. 1914 William Blake as Exhibited by Comparison to the Inade• quate 1981 Reprinted Edition]." Tottori Daigaku Eigo Kenkyu *Townsend, Joyce H., ed. William Blake: The Painter at Work. 4(2004): 17-36. In Japanese. (2003) §Tveiten, Hallvard. Engelsk harpe: Khissisk engelsk lyrikk frii §Waniek, Henryk. Martwa natura z niczym: szkice z lat William Blake til Kipling i nynorsk gjendikting. (Oslo: Saabye, 1990-2004. (Krakow: Wydawn. "Znak," 2004); ISBN-10: 1967) 102 pp. In Norwegian. 8324004688 and ISBN-13: 9788324004683. In Polish. Apparently about iconoclasm in Caspar David Friedrich Uemura, Tadami. "Blake no Job ki kaishaku (1) [Blake's Inter• and William Blake. pretation of the Book of Job (1)]." Fukuoka Jogakuin Daigaku Kiyo [Fukuoka Jogakuin University Bulletin] 16 (2006): 47-67. Warner, Janet. Other Sorrows, Other Joys: The Marriage of In Japanese. Catherine Sophia Boucher and William Blake. (2003) 36 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 Whitehead, Angus. "A Quotation from Lord Byron's The Two 11. Saree Makdisi. "Blake and the Communist Tradition." Foscari in William Blake's The Ghost of Abel!' Notes and Que• 235-53. ries 251 [ns53] (2006): 325-26. 12. Edward Larrissy. "Blake and Postmodernism." 254-73. "Life for Life! Life for Life!" in Blake's Ghost of Abel (1822) Summaries of scholarship and criticism simplified for a wide also appears in act 4 of Byron's The Two Foscari, which was readership, though Hilton is quite original and stimulating. bound and issued with Byron's Cain and Sardanapalus Review (1821). § David Fallon, BARS Bulletin & Review 30 (2006): 41-42. Whitehead, Angus. "William Blake's Subsidiary Design of a Woodman, Ross. "Blake's Fourfold Body." Chapter 3 (86-109, Dog in His 'Heads of the Poets' Tempera of William Cowper 253-55) of his Sanity, Madness, Transformation: The Psyche in (c. 1800-1803): An Identification." Notes and Queries 251 [ns Romanticism, with an afterword by Joel Faflak (Toronto: Uni• 53] (2006): 316-20. versity of Toronto Press, 2005). The dog in Blake's portrait of Cowper is probably not his pet Also passim (e.g., "Blake and Wordsworth," 110-13 in chap• Beau but "an English setter scenting and pointing to game" ter 4: "Wordsworth's Crazed Bedouin: The Prelude and the (in this case at Cowper, the hunted deer), from Cowper's Fate of Madness"). Jung is stressed throughout. poem "An Epitaph," and "When the night had veild the pole" in "A Poison Tree" from Experience may be from "Night veil'd Woodman, Ross. "Frye's Blake: The Site of Opposition." the pole" in Cowper's "On the Death of Mrs Throckmorton's Chapter 2 (47-85,246-53) of his Sanity, Madness, Transforma• Bulfinch" (1789). tion: The Psyche in Romanticism, with an afterword by Joel Faflak (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005). Whitson, Roger. "Jerusalem and 'the Jew': Biopolitics be• It might more appropriately be entitled "Woodman's Frye." tween Blake and Spinoza." Romanticism on the Net no. 40 (Nov. 2005). Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 37 To accompany an exhibition with this title at Crawford Art §Simpson, Ian. Anatomy of Humans: Including Works by Leon• Gallery, 22 October 2005-4 March 2006; lavishly illustrated. ardo da Vinci, John Flaxman, Henry Gray and Others. (New York: Crescent Books, 1991); ISBN: 0517053942. B. Anatomie BOWYER, Robert (1758-1834) cloveka: Leonardo da Vinci, John Flaxman, Henry Gray a dalsi. Print impresario ([Praha:] Rebo, [1994]); ISBN: 8085815117. In Czech. §Hutton, R. W. "Robert Bowyer and the Historic Gallery: A A drawing instruction book. Study of the Creation of a Magnificent Work to Promote the Arts in England." Chicago PhD, 1992. FUSELI, John Henry (1741 -1825) Artist, friend of Blake §Roman, C. "Pictures for Private Purses: Robert Bowyer's 2005 14 OCTOBER-2006 8 JANUARY Historic Gallery and Illustrated Edition of David Hume's His• Lentzsch, Franziska, Christoph Becker, Christian Klemm, tory of England." DAI 58 (1997): 2429A. Brown PhD, 1997. Bernhard von Waldkirch. Fuseli: The Wild Swiss. Tr. Suzanne Walters and Carol Escow. (Zurich: Verlag Scheidegger & BOYDELL, John (1719-1804) Spiess AG, 2005) 4", 271 pp.; ISBN-10:3858817031 and ISBN- Print impresario and employer of Blake 13: 9783858817037; "Museum edition" 10: 3906574296 and 1996 25 APRIL-6 JUNE; 1997 12 JANUARY-9 MARCH 13: 9783906574295; "German trade edition" 10: 3858811688 The Boydell Shakespeare [sic] Gallery. Ed. Walter Pape and and 13:9783858811684. Frederick Burwick in collaboration with the German Shake• To accompany an exhibition 14 October 2005-8 January speare Society. (Bottrop: Peter Pomp, 1996). 2006 at the Kunsthaus, Zurich. Published to accompany an exhibition 25 April-6 June 1996 (Museum Bochum [Germany)), 12 January-9 March 1997 §Albertini, Maurizio [et al.]. Intomo a "Vincubo" di J. H. (University of California at Los Angeles). A collection of es• Fuseli. (Padova [Italy]: F. Pavan, 2000) Chimera no. 2,30 cm., says, including Petra Maisak, "Henry Fuseli (Johann Heinrich 142 pp. In Italian. Fussli)—'Shakespeare's Painter,'" 57-74. Cale, Luisa. FuseWs Milton Gallery: "Turning Readers into Dias, Rosemarie Angelique. "John Boydell's Shakespeare [sic] Spectators." (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006) Oxford English Gallery and the Promotion of a National Aesthetic (England)." Monographs, xiv, 259 pp. plus 8 blank leaves at end; ISBN-10: DAI 67 (2004): 469C. York [England] PhD, 2004. 0199267383 and ISBN-13: 9780199267385. "[M]y case study in the new exhibition culture emerging in Hamlyn, Robin. "The Shakespeare [sic] Galleries of John Boy• late eighteenth-century London ... [shows] how this culture dell and James Woodmason." 97-113 of Shakespeare in Art, of exhibitions redefines visual and verbal interactions, and ed. Jane Martineau and Desmond Shawe-Taylor (London: ways of reading and viewing" (5). Merrell,2003). This is a "metamorphosis" of her dissertation (see below). Sillars, Stuart. "'A Magnificent Scheme, If It Can But Be Ef• §Cale, Luisa. '"Lapland Orgies: The Hell Hounds Round Sin': fected': Boydell, Criticism and Appropriation." Chapter 9 Reecriture et invention dans la galerie miltonienne de J. H. (254-99) of his Painting Shakespeare: The Artist as Critic, Fussli." 231-46 in Denouement des lumicrcs et invention ro- 1720-1820 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006). mantique: Actes du colloque de Geneve, 24-25 novembre 2000, ed. G. Bardazzi and A. Grosrichard (Geneva: Droz, 2003). CUMBERLAND, George (1754-1848) Dilettante, lifelong friend of Blake §Cale, Luisa. "Turning Readers into Spectators: Fuseli's Mil• A sickness club record book of 1839-48 listing payments to ton Gallery." Oxford DPhil, 2002. 23 women with Bristol addresses for sickness, old age, and fu• Her FusclPs Milton Gallery (see above) is a "metamorphosis" nerals closes with a statement: "Balance in hand on 16th Feb. of the dissertation. 1848 when the Club was agreed to be dissolved. G.C.",M prob• ably Blake's friend George Cumberland of Bristol. The club is §Cass, J. "Fuseli's Milton Gallery: Satan s First Address to Eve not otherwise identified. as a Source for Maria Edgeworth's Belinda" ANQ 14.2 (spring 2001): 15-23. li \XMAN, John (1755-1826) Sculptor, lifelong friend of Blake §Furman-Adams, Wendy, and Virginia lames Tufte. "Antici• §Bassett, Mark T. John llaxman Designs at Roseville Pottery. pating Empson: Henry Fuseli's Re-\ t>ion of Milton's God." (Cleveland: Cleveland Public Library, 2001); no ISBN. Milton Quarterly 35 (2001): 258-74 34. Lesley Aikliison, Catalogue 73 (2006) #9 (£70), pointed out to me Myrone, Martin. "Henry Fuseli and Thomas Bank* and by Hugh Tonner. "< lothic Romance and Quixotic Heroism: Fuseli in the 1780s." 38 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 Chapters 7 (163-90, 343-48) and 9 (227-51, 353-58) of his Henry Crabb Robinson as Nineteenth-Century Life Writer." Bodybuilding: Reforming Masculinities in British Art 1750- Biography: An Interdisciplinary Quarterly 28 (2005): 515-33. 1810 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006). TATHAM, Frederick (1805-78) Shawe-Taylor, Desmond. "Theatrical Painting from Hogarth Sculptor, disciple of Blake to Fuseli." 115-73 of Shakespeare in Art, ed. Jane Martineau "Jackson, Ruth. "The Man Who Lived in My House: Freder• and Desmond Shawe-Taylor (London: Merrell, 2003). ick Tatham (1805-1878)." Camden History Review 30 (2006): 7-9. Sillars, Stuart. "Fuseli and the Uses of Iconography" and Tatham was at 45 Oak Village near Hampstead Heath in "Fuseli, Nature and Supernature." Chapters 4 (98-132) and 1868-78. 8 (219-53) of his Painting Shakespeare: The Artist as Critic, 1720-1820 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006). Appendix: Addenda to Blake Records, 2nd ed. (2004) MACKI.IN, Thomas (1752/53-1800) Print impresario and employer of Blake P. 4 §Higgins, S. "Thomas Macklin's Poet's Gallery: Consuming In the earliest congregation list of the Fetter Lane Society, 1 the Sister Arts in Late Eighteenth-Century London." London March 1743, appears "Blake & She [i.e., Mrs. Blake]. Butchers PhD, 2003. in Pear Street near Mount Hill Goswell Street."1 In Horwood's great map of London (1799), Peartree Street runs east of Gos• PALMER, Samuel (1805-81) well Street to Brick Lane (apparently now Central Street) at Painter, disciple of Blake the eastern edge of the City, a little west of Bunhill Fields. 2005 21 OCTOBER-2006 22 JANUARY; 7 MARCH-29 MAY These Blakes are not known to be related to the poet. Vaughan, William, et al. Samuel Palmer 1805-1881: Vision and Landscape. (2005) Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 39 vian Archives records that "Br Hermitage wants a person to P. 321 rs assist him in his shop if the B Could recommend any One he Add footnote to "Gilchrist says he ... 'which was better.'"8 would be glad[.] Br Lehman is to speak with Br Page ab" it."5 P. 490 P. 62 On 19 November 1828, William Twopenny, an antiquary After the prospectus of January 1792 about Bowyer's edi and barrister, wrote to J. T. Smith: "Can you tell me where the tion of Hume's History of England "in conjunction with Mr. Widow of Blake the artist lives?"9 The letter is almost certainly FITTLER," add: a response to the last paragraph of J. T. Smith's life of "Blake" Notices (paid advertisements) in the same terms appeared in his Nollekens and His Times, published in October 1828: in the Oracle for 13 and 14 January 1792 specifying paint ings by "the most celebrated [English] Artists" (18 of them, His beloved Kate survives him clear of even a sixpenny debt; including Fuseli, Stothard, and West) and "Historic Prints" and in the fullest belief that the remainder of her days will be rendered tolerable by the sale of the few copies of her hus by 19 named engravers, including "W. Byrne T. Bromley W. band's works, which she will dispose of at the original price Blake ... W. Sharp." These painters and engravers "are actu of publication ....'" ally engaged." The Oracle for 6 February 1792 with the same information adds that the text will be"unmangled and unmu It was doubtless letters like this one from Twopenny which tilated by notes." prompted Smith to tell Linnell in November 1828 that he knew his biography had "been servisable to his widow."" P. 63 According to Fuseii's letter of 29 May 1792, the paintings for P. 549 "the Second Number [of prints for his Milton Gallery] Adam An essay by P. M. C. on "British Artists. Thomas Stothard" & Eve observed by Satan; and Satan taking his flight upwards in Scrap Book of Literary Varieties 2 (25 Feb. 1832): 7980 says, from chaos which is ... [13' high by 10' wide] intended for inter alia, "Satan summoning his legions is an awful produc Blake, are much advanced." tion; it reminds us very much of Blake."': The reference may The first three Numbers were noticed in the Oracle for 13 be to Blake's "Satan Calling Up His Legions" (four versions, January 1792: "PK II KI II—SATAN journeying ... directs his Butlill #529.1, 636.1, 66162), one of which was exhibited at winged speed ... 'upward like a pyramid of Fire.' BLAKE is to his exhibition (180910) and belonged to the wife of the Earl grave this fine Picture." of Egremont. P. 134 P. 841 Add footnote to the animal painter "by the name of Spils William Blake of Portland Place (c. 17741852) bury."" In October 1820, Lady Caroline Lamb invited the book seller John Murray to dinner to "meet Mr. [William] Blake P. 144 a remarkably clever person who wrote a Book upon political Add footnote to "portrait of the beloved Bard by Abbot."7 Economy.'"' This is probably the "Mr Blake St John Lodge P. 248 Following the list of plates for Blair's Grave in the Manches 8. "To learn the language of Art Copy for Ever, is My Rule" is quoted from Blake's marginalia (1802?) to Sir Joshua Reynolds, Works (1798), ter Gazette (7 November 1807), for "and 'The Reunion of the third contents leaf, but the other phrases attributed to Blake are not in Soul & the Body' is omitted, though Cromek listed it in his his surviving writings. second prospectus of November 1805," read: 9. The letter, now in the Yale Center for British Art, is in an extraillus The last plate, "The Reunion of the Soul & the Body," is trated copy of I. T. Smith's NoBtkem ami Hh Timc< 11829), in Bonham's omitted, almost certainly by accident, for Cromek listed it in auction (London) of 28 March 2006, lot 103 (estimate £300£600; sold for £3,120), in whose catalogue the Twopenny letter is quoted, according his first prospectus of November 1805, a proof has the imprint to Essick, "Marketplace, M06," Blake 40.4 (spring 2007): 135. Perhaps of 1 June 1806, and it is inconceivable that Cromek would this was the copy of I. I. Smiths book w hich, as he told Linnell (see BR[2] have paid for an engraving and then omitted it. 490), had been "taken to pieces tor illustration." No other connection of Twopenny with the Blakes has been traced L0. £11(2)626. 5. Moravian Archives C/36/11/6: Helpers Conference Minute Hook vol. Ll.fiR(2)490. 6,in Davies 1306. 12. P. M. C. 80. Mv information comes from a fragment of the periodi 6. This is the animal painter BdgU Ashe Spilsbury (I780? 1828),• pro ca] (with a running head "Scrap Book") in the lohn lohnson Collection tege of Hayley; he is also referred to in letters to 1 lavlo <>l I■laxnian (21 (undo Stothard) in the Bodleian l.ibrarv. The Dictionary of S,itumal Bi Maah 1803) and E. G. Marsh (14 Oct. 1806), as is demonstrated by Kcri ography records DO chronologically appropriate person with the initials R Davies,"Jonathan Spflsbury and the lost Moravian History ol William Mi ,hul IVtct ( oxe(d 18441.auctioneer and poet, isa possibilitv. Blake's family," B2oA»40.1 (winter 2006 07): 10001. 13. Manuscript in the lohn Mum) \rJii\c inns in the National I.i 7. Lemuel Abbott [jfc] (1760*1803) painted (amOUl portraits of Cow brar) ol Scotland I generously transcribed for me, like the next two letters, per MU\ Nelson. by my friend Paul Douglass. In his Duly Caroline lamb: A Biography 40 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 Herts" to whom in the winter of 1823 she urged William God• SongofLos7, 11, 36; Songs 5,9, 12, 13, 14,23,25,26,30,31,32,33, win to write about a subscription for Godwin.14 He may be 34,35,37; There is No Natural Religion 9, 13,23; Tiriel 10, 13; Visions 13,14 the person about whom Lady Caroline wrote in 1821 to John Family 9, 10,25,36,39 Murray urging him to "invite [Ugo] Foscolo & Mr. [Wash• Illustrations/engravings of/for: ington] Irving whom Mr. and Mrs. Blake are very desirous of Allen 15; Archaeologia 15; Ariosto 15; Bible 15; Bible (Job) 14, 15,28, knowing on account of his former Work ... if you come any 32, 36; Blair, Grave 4,6,14, 15, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 30, 36,40; Blower Saturday I will ask Mr. & Mrs. Blake to meet you."" 16; Bonnycastle 16; Boydell 16; Brown 7, 26; Bryant 16; Burger 16; Cabinet of the Arts 16; Catullus 16; Chaucer 17; Cumberland 17; Dante 15, 17; Darwin 17; Emlyn 17; Enfield 17; Euler 17; Flaxman 18; Fuseli 18; Gay 18; Gough 18; Hamilton 18; Hartley 18; Hayley 18, 19; Henry 19; Hoare 19; Hogarth 19; Hunter 19; Josephus 19; Lavater 19; (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004) 225, 242-43, Douglass identifies Linton 19; Malkin 19; Monthly Magazine 19; Mora 4, 20; Nicholson these William Blakes as the poet, but will not do so in a future edition. 20; Novelist's Magazine 20; Olivier 20; Ritson 20; Salzmann 20; Scott 14. Bodleian Library (Abinger Papers C529). The undated ms. prob• 20; Seally and Lyons 20; Shakespeare 20; Stedman 20; Stuart and ably responds to a letter from Godwin of 20 Feb. 1823. In 1820 this Wil• Revett 20; Virgil 20; Whitaker 20; Wit's Magazine 20; Wollstonecraft liam Blake moved to Danesbury House, Hertfordshire. 21; Young 21,32 15. Undated ms. (watermarked 1819) in the John Murray Archive; the Residences 23, 25, 32, 36 letter refers to Mrs. Murray's illness, probably of 1821. Foscolo (1778- Blunden, Edmund 26 1827) was in England c. 1815-27; his novel The Letters ofOrtis to Lorenzo Bock, Michel 26 was published in English in 1814. Washington Irving (1783-1859) was Borges, Jorge Luis 15 in England 1815ff.; his The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon was published Bottrall, Margaret 26 in 1820. Bowyer, Robert 38,40 Boydell, John 22,27,38 Bramness, Hanne 11 Index Brandeis, Robert C. 22 Brierre de Boismont, A[lexandre Jacques Francois] 26 Ackroyd, Peter 8n, 23 Bruder, Helen P. 23, 37 Adam, Georgina 23 Burwick, Frederick 38 Albertini, Maurizio 38 Bury, Edward 26 Alcantara, Francisco Jos£ 15 Butlin, Martin 19n, 22, 36 Alkan, Tozan 14 American Blake Foundation 5, 6, 12, 13, 23 CP.M. 26,40 Ankarsjo, Magnus 7,23,24 Cale, Luisa 38 Aspley, Kenneth 23 Carey, Brycchan 26 Carr, Stephen L. 34 Babler.OttoE 10,11 Carson, Jamin 26 Bailey, Martin 23 Cary, Henry Francis 15 Baker, Simon 21 Cass, J. 38 Barr, Mark L. 7, 24 Castellano, Katey 26 Barry, James 37 Chandler, James 26 Bassett, Mark T. 38 Chang, Ching-erh 28 Baulch, David 37 Chauvin, Daniele 26 Bayles, John 30 Clark, Steve 26,27 Beaumont, Matthew 36 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 24, 26, 30 Becker, Christoph 38 Conference: Bedard, Michael 7,10,24 Blake in the Orient (Kyoto) 28,29,33 Bentley Collection (Toronto) 6, 12, 15-21 passim, 22, 30 Connolly, Tristanne J. 27, 28 Bentley, E. B. 22, 25 Conserva, Giacomo 14 Bentley, G. E., Jr. 8, 8n, 14, 22, 24, 25 Corti.C. 28 Berman, Pat 22 Corty.A. 28 Betteridge, David 25 Cromek, Robert H. 25,40 Bialler, Nancy 22 Crosby, Mark 7,25,32 Bidney, Martin 24 Cumberland, George 19,22,24,38 Bindman, David 19,21,22,24 Cummings, Mary 30 Binyon,Laurence 24 Blake Archive 10,11,12,13,14,23,28,31 Dante 33,36 Blake, William: Davies, Keri 7, 11, 25, 27, 28, 39n, 40n America 5, 31; Book ofAhania 10, 33; Book of The] 10, 14, 26, 27,33, Delaney, Peter 28,39 34; Book ofUrizen 7, 9, 10, 14,23, 24, 26; Europe 5, 9, 10; "Everlasting Denham, Robert D. 24, 29 Gospel" 14; For Children: The (intes of Paradise 10, 24; Four Zoos 13, Dias, Rosemarie Angelique 38 23, 24, 25, 32, 36; French Revolution 35; Ghost of Abel 37; Jerusalem 10, Dickson, Andrew 28 23,24,27, 28,29, 31,32,34,37; Large Book of Designs 5; Letters 5,9, Dillon, Brian 21 lo! 11! 29; Marginalia 7, 23, 31, 35, 40; Marriage 10, 11, 14, 22, 25,33, Dunne, Tom 37 35; Milton 7,13, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32, 34, 35; Notebook 11; "Order" of the Songs 10, 11, 14; Riddle Ms. 10, 22; Small Book of Designs 5; Easson, Kay and Roger 9, 12, 26 Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 41 Easson, Kay and Roger (gifts to University of Tulsa) 5,6,15-21 passim Howard, Darren 30 Easson, Roger 21 Hron, Zden£k 13,14 Eaves, Morris 25, 26, 28 Hughes, Jula 30 Edinger, Edward F. 28 Humphry, Ozias 5,9, 11 Enright, D.). 28 Huneker, James G. 30 Eorsi, Istvan 28 Hutton, R. W. 38 Erle,Sibylle 27 Essick, Robert N. 5, 7,9,10, 12n, 13, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 36 Ikegame, Naoko 30 Esterhammer, Angela 37 lma-1/.umi, Yoko 28 Evans, Jean 21 Inchausti, Robert 30 Exhibitions 6, 21, 22, 37, 38, 39 Indrceide, Erling 11 Eyres, Harry 28 Jackson, H.J. 31 1 ,11.,,, n-wirl 98 ^7 lackson. Ruth 39 Farine, M. 22 Jastrzebski, Bartosz 31 Farrell, Michael 29 John, Donald 31 Ficova, Sylva 11 Jones, John H. 37 Fischer, Michael 24 Jones, Steven E. 31 Flaxman, John lOn, 16, 22, 24,38,40n lugaku, Bunsho 28, 31 Frayling, Christopher 21 Freed, Eugenie R. 25, 36 Kawasaki, Misako 31 Freedman, Carl 29 Kawasaki, Noriko 31 Freiberg, Stanley K. 29 Keeble, Brian 31 Frosch, Thomas R. 25 Kenyeres, Janos 31 Frye, Northrop 24, 29, 31, 37 Kimiyoshi.Yura 31 Fuller, David 7,29 Kingston, Beryl 31 Furman-Adams, Wendy 38 Kinugasa, Umejiro 31 Fuseli, John Henry 6, 21, 26, 33, 38, 40 Klemm, Christian 38 Korn.Ulrich 31 Gallego, Candido Pdrez 26 George 29 Landers, Linda Anne 13 Ghita, Catalin 29 Larrea, Juan 31 Gilchrist, Alexander 7, 23, 29, 40 La rrissy, Edward 31,37 Gilchrist, Anne 10 Lentzsch, Franziska 38 Ginsberg, Allen 32 Leon, Fray Luisde 15 Gleadell, Colin 29 Lincoln, Andrew 7, 27, 37 Gonzalez, Beatriz 21 Linnell.John 11,14,20,22,40 Goode, Mike 29 Linton,W.I. 7,10,27 Goto.Yumiko 28,29 Lipman, Roger 9, 12 Gourlay, Alexander S. 25, 29 Locke, John 29 Graves, Roy Neil 30 Loke, Anthony F. 32 Greenaway, Kate 25 Longacre, Jeffrey 2» Grehn, Kai 11 Lucas, E.V. 32 Griffith, Michael 30 Lussicr, Mark 32,37 Groves, David 25 Grovier, Kelly 22 Macklin, Thomas 39 Gudmundsson, I>6roddur 13,30 MacLean, Robert 32 Guegan, Stephane 21 Maffeo, Pasquale 11 Maisak, Petra 38 Hamlyn, Robin 15,30,38 Makdisi, Saree 26, 32,37 1 I.UIHSS, Peter 14 Malmberg, Carl-Johan 32 Harris, James T. 29 Manetti, Paolo 11 I [arris, Maureen Scott 22, 30 Marshak.S. 13 I l.ivlcy, William 26,27,40n Martini, Cristina Flguede 32 Healey, R. M. 30 Martins, Cristiano 32 Heard, Mervyn 21 Matheson.C. S. 25,39 Hcarn, l.afcadio 35 Matsushima, Shoichi 13 I [edmovich, Gregg 30 Matthews, Sus.ui 26, 27 Kershaw, William 14 Mee, Ion 7,26,32 Iliggins, S. 39 McLhiori, G. ^2 Hilton, Nelson 25, 37 Melikian, Souren 32 I [inch, Faye 30 Miner, Paul 29 lloagwood, T. M Minton, David 32 1 lobson, ( hi istophcr Z. 27 Moore, Susan 33 I lotmann, Mii.li.iel 14 Mulhallen, Karen 25 Hogarth, William 39 Mulvihill, lames 33 Hohnc, Hoist 30 Myrone, Martin 21,22,33,343 Holdcrlin, Johann Christian lriediuli K) Holmes, Richard 29 Nakajima, Kunihiko 33 Nakamura, Hiroko 33 Stabler, Jane 35 Nakayama, Fumi 33 Stanley, Lana 35 Niimi, Hatsuko 27, 33, 34 Stauffer, Andrew M. 35 Stelzig, Eugene 39 Obrestad,T. 34 Stephens, F. G. 39 Odone, Cristina 34 Stevenson, W. H. 25 Oe, Kenzaburo 28,34 Stothard, Thomas 22,26,40 Oishi, Kazuyoshi 27 Strathman, Christopher 37 Okada, Kazuya 27 Suied, Alain 36 Otto, Peter 28, 37 Sung, Mei-Ying 5, 27 Suzuki, Masashi 13,27 Paley, Morton D. 24, 25,34, 37 Swedenborg, Emanuel 25,26, 27, 35 Palmer, A. H. 39 Palmer, Samuel 6, 25, 39 Tambling, Jeremy 28 Palomares Arribas, Jose Luis 34 Tanaka, Minne 27, 36 Pape, Walter 38 Tanaka, Takao 36 Parker, Peter 29 Tatham, Frederick lOn, 39 Patenaude, Troy 25 Testa, Roberto Rossi 13 Pepper, Tara 21 Thomas, Piet 30 Percival 34 Thompson, E. P. 24,32 Perosa, Sergio 14 Tolva, John 23 Perren, Susan 24 Townsend, Joyce H. 36 Persinger, Allan 34 Tresham, Henry 22 Phillips, John 28 Tsurumi, Shunsuke 28 Phillips, Michael 25,36, 37 Tufte, Virginia James 38 Pierce, John 37 Turner, Barnard 28 Pioch, Nicolas 34 Tveiten, Hallvard 36 Pordzik, Ralph 28 Twopenny, William 40 Porter, Melinda Camber 30 Porter, Roy 34 Uemura, Tadami 36 Prickett, Stephen 37 Ungaretti, Giuseppe 14 Pullman, Philip 34 Punter, David 37 Valenti, Elena 13 Vangcek, Arnost 13 Raine, Kathleen 35 Vanegas, Carolina 21 Reynolds, Joshua 23, 27, 30,40n Van Kleeck, Justin 24, 25, 36 Ricketts, Steve 35 Vaughan, William 25,39 Riding, Alan 22 Verbeeck, Ludo 30 Rix, Robert 35 Viscomi, Joseph 7, 8n, lOn, 11, 27, 36 Robinson, Henry Crabb lOn, 24, 28, 39 Visser.B.W. 14 Roman, C. 38 Vogel, Carol 29,36 Romney, George 16 Running, H. 35 Wada.Ayako 27,36 Rowland, Christopher 5, 35 Waldkirch, Bernhard von 38 Walsh, Jill Paton 36 Saito, Takeshi 35 Waniek, Henryk 36 Sakikawa, Nobuo 35 Ward.Aileen 10, 14,24 Sanesi, Roberto 13 Warner, Janet 25,36 Sato, Hikari 4,8, 25, 27, 28, 34 Warner, Marina 21 Schacherl, Lillian 11 Watsuji, Tetsuro 30 Schmutzler, Robert 35 Welz, E.J. 14 Schott.G.D. 7,35 White, Harry 7, 25 Schuchard, Marsha Keith 7, 7n, 25, 35 White, R. S. 36 Scott, Patrick 22 Whiteford.F. 22 Scrivener, Michael 32 Whitehead, Angus 25, 36, 37 Sewell, Brian 21 Whitson, Roger 32,37 Shaffer, Elinor 28 Whittaker, Jason 27,28, 37 Shawe-Taylor, Desmond 38, 39 Wilcox, Timothy 39 Silina, B[rigita] 35 Williams, Nicholas M. 37 Sillars, Stuart 35, 38, 39 Windle, John 5,6, 12, 13, 15, 16, 22, 25 Simpson, Ian 38 Wollstonecraft, Mary 7, 33 Skalicky, Jaroslav 1 1 Woodman, Ross 37 SJomczyriski, Maciej 13 Worrall, David 26, 27 Smith, Cyril 35 Wright, Julia M. 37 Smith, J. T. 11,40 Snart, Jason 7, 35 Yanagi, Muneyoshi 27, 28, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37 Snyder, Tom 8n Yoder, R. Paul 37 Soupault, Philippe 23 Yura, Kimiyoshi 37 Speidel, Nadine Dalton 36 Yvonne 37 REVIEW commercial success came with "Because the Night," composed together with Springsteen. Smith has made no secret of her admiration for Blake, and it was obvious during her performance that she has taken the Blake Society Annual Lecture, 28 November anecdotes of Blake's life to heart. She made numerous references 2006: Patti Smith at St. James's Church, to these throughout; perhaps the most memorable was when she told the audience of the parallel between her own first Piccadilly, London. meeting with her then husband-to-be, Fred "Sonic" Smith, in a Detroit doorway and the more famous (to Blakeans at least) first meeting of William and Catherine at the Boucher's house Reviewed by Magnus Ankarsjo in Battersea ("Do you pity me?" etc.). The artistic influence of Blake can be seen in many of her songs and poems. One good Maybe one day we'll be strong enough example is"My Blakean Year" from her CD Trampin. (The draft To build it back again of this song was part of an exhibition, William Blake: Under the Build the peaceable kingdom Influence, at the British Library, 11 January-21 March 2007, Build it back again among other manuscripts by contemporary artists influenced Patti Smith, "Peaceable Kingdom" by Blake.) In summer 2005 Smith was honored with the appointment as curator of the South Bank Meltdown festival in London. Having the opportunity to select artists of her own o celebrate the 249th birthday of William Blake, the liking, she opted for several with an interest in Blake, such T Blake Society had the honor of welcoming legendary as Billy Bragg, and devoted one night each to performances rock artist and performer Patti Smith. With Philip Pullman, centered on Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. current president of the Blake Society, having presented the There is little doubt that the location of the Blake Society's annual lecture in 2005—the first of its kind—this series of annual lectures greatly contributes to creating a special lectures could not have had a better start. Like the first one, atmosphere, and thus to the success of the two lectures held this year's lecture came to be a great occasion. Patti Smith's so far. The Church of St. James, designed by Christopher performance was one of those rare events that will long Wren, is a wonderful and rare place to us Blakeans, and Patti remain in the memories of those fortunate enough to get a Smith hit the right chord at once by acknowledging this fact ticket to the sold-out show. in her first of many openhearted and spontaneous addresses Smith rose to fame, quite fittingly, at the time of the to the audience during the show, telling us of the image in her explosion of the New York punk scene in the mid-seventies, mind of Blake's parents carrying little William to the font to and her music and poetry have withstood the test of time. be baptized. The memorial plaque of Blake's christening on When she first came to share the stage at CBGB and Max's 11 December 1757 has recently been rediscovered and placed Kansas City with the likes of Television, Talking Heads, next to the font where it belongs. Smith continued in this way, Blondie, and the Ramones, she had already released her much conjuring a magic spirit through which the audience could acclaimed Horses album (1975). With hindsight one can see almost feel Blake's presence. The performance was also quite a different level of musical maturity than, say, the Sex Pistols, spontaneous and partly improvised, something which added the Damned, or even the Clash; this early sign of promise to the benevolence and goodwill radiated by the artist. Only comes as no surprise since Smith's artistic output shows an hours earlier Smith had picked up her friend Aaron Budnik impressive breadth of expression. Her records range from the at one of the secondhand bookshops around Charing Cross raw and naked Radio Ethiopia via the more polished Wave and Road to support her on the acoustic guitar. Then, as she lost Easter albums to the emphatic comeback of the last 10 years, her way during the first song, she also confessed herself to be launched with the elegiac Gone Again and continuing with an quite nervous and a bit intimidated by the collective Blake unprecedented series of CD releases. Smith has recorded 10 knowledge of the present congregation. Completely forgetting albums, including the release in early 2007 of Twelve, a cover the words, she had to start again. On another song she played album with some of her favorite songs. She has also published the wrong chords, informing the audience that, much to the several volumes of poetry and other books. delight of her longstanding .\nd renowned fellow musicians in It is with New York that we naturally associate Smith, and the the Patti Smith Croup, she could plav only in A minor. Smith's characteristic atmosphere and attitude of the City have become good sense of humor throughout and generous down-to- something of her middle name. Apart from the celebrities ol earth attitude created a warm atmosphere in the crowded the punk movement, she has connections to beat writers like church. The audience was presented with a well-balanced Allen Ginsberg and William S. Burroughs, with John ('ale and mixture of songs and poems, both bv Blake and from her of course Robert Mapplethorpe, as well as music icons such as own production. She started somewhat safely by reciting Bob Dylan and Bruce Springsteen. She has also collaborated "The Lamb," perhaps what could be expected, knowing that a in various forms with several ot these; lot instance, her biggest recording exists as part of the live version ofBoy Cried Wolt." 44 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 Next came the first musical number and after that she had the Archive, 1785-1985 has not only incorporated every page of courage convincingly to sing "The Tyger." From then on we every issue of the Times newspaper from 1785 to 1985, but has lucky ones in the audience knew that we were in for a special made available the means to search its full text.2 The Times treat. Among other much appreciated numbers, she read one Digital Archive uses character recognition software to read a of her best-known early poems, "Babelogue," showed that sequence of digitized images of the actual pages of the news• her political commitment is still there in a new song, "Qana," paper (including graphics and pictures). about the situation in the Middle East, played "Wing," the For the first time, users of the Times Digital Archive are able beautiful "Distant Fingers" from her second album, Radio to search not just for home and international news, but can Ethiopia, and, of course, "My Blakean Year." To us Blake scan City pages, court pages, law reports, letters to the edi• people "My Blakean Year" is quite understandably the big tor, book and theatre reviews, display and classified advertis• hit, but the most emphatic and intense moment came when ing, obituaries, and much material ignored by Palmer's Index. Smith came walking down the aisle and let the floor do the (There is one small caveat. As users of similar online sources chorus of "People Have the Power." And power, both of voice such as EEBO and ECCO will be aware, the search software and charisma, is definitely what this exceptional woman has. does generate a small percentage of misreadings and failed When the last song was over there was wild applause and readings.)3 Patti Smith came in for one extra number, the tender "Paths The Times Digital Archive makes newly possible an extensive That Cross," composed by her late husband, after which there search for references to William Blake (and his friends and ac• was a long standing ovation. Copies of her new collection of quaintances), whether these references appear in news items, poems, appropriately entitled Auguries of Innocence (published advertisements, book reviews, or in any other apparently irrel• in 2006 in Britain by Virago Press, the year before in the US by evant pages of the newspaper. I leave it to others to explore all HarperCollins), were sold out afterwards as Smith stayed on, 56,317 references to "blake" in the full Archive, but by restrict• generously signing them for over an hour. ing one's search by date (for example, to the years before the It has been a great privilege to take part in these two publication of Gilchrist's Life of William Blake in 1863), and enchanting and successful evenings with Philip Pullman and by utilizing Boolean combinations of keywords such as "blake Patti Smith, and we must now hope that the annual Blake AND engraver," it becomes possible to reduce the number of lecture becomes a permanent event. After Smith's remarkable references to be checked to manageable proportions. performance, however, there is one slight dilemma facing Tim It was, in fact, use of the search string "blake the engraver" Heath, Keri Davies and the other commendable organizers: that led me to a Times article that showed early knowledge whom are they going to bring in next time (the 250th of Blake's spiritualist drawings—the Visionary Heads—and anniversary of Blake's birth at that!) to repeat this wonderful that, remarkably for the time, rejected the view that these were success? Bob Dylan or the Beatles? evidence of Blake's madness.4 The Times for 3 January 1829,1 found, included a lengthy review, spread over two columns, of "LODGE'S PORTRAITS AND MEMOIRS. | FURTHER NO• TICE.", of no obvious connection to Blake, but incorporating a Blake reference that a twenty-first-century researcher could MINUTE PARTICULARS only have located with the aid of the Times Digital Archive.5 Edmund Lodge (1756-1839), Clarenceux King of Arms, be• gan issuing his Portraits of Illustrious Personages of Great Brit• ain in 1814. It was completed in 1834 in 40 folio parts." The Blake in the Times Digital Archive parts already completed were reissued in 12 volumes, quarto, in 1823. The Times reviewer, however, is concerned with the "Cabinet edition," published by William Smith in 6 volumes, BY KERI DAVIES octavo, in 1828. The review opens conventionally enough: ccording to G. E. Bentley, Jr., relying, one presumes, on 2. For further information, go to Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 45 This magnificent work, which has hitherto been confined, viewer (and, of course one would still like to know his identity) owing to its size and costliness, to the libraries of persons of gives us a much more sober account than Dibdin's nonsense opulence, has just made its appearance in a form and at a price about Blake "shaking hands with Homer."8 The Times persist• which place it within the reach of the most moderate means. ed with anonymous reporting as late as January 1967, when the first staff bylines appeared. In this review, it is the Times that, The reviewer goes on to commend the value of biography: corporately, is expressing a view of Blake that is surprisingly friendly and well disposed. It is assumed that the Times read• We are desirous of knowing the particulars of the domestic ership will know, at least vaguely, of "Mr. Blake, the engraver," lives, the personal habits, and daily customs of men whose and perhaps of the imputation of madness, which is then de• names are as familiar in our mouths as household words, and nied, admitting no more than that his "genius was subject to a of whom, although they had become dust before we drew kind of morbid excitement." By way of comparison, the search breath, we have as distinct and individual a notion as if we string "keats the poet" calls up a death notice in 1821, but had personally talked with them. Biographical history satis• nothing equivalent to the Blake comment until a concert re• fies this natural craving; separates the man from the events y which he controlled or was controlled by, and holds his char• view in 1868. What the article thus suggests is that Blake was acter up to an exclusive consideration. The lesson which his part of what the average reader of the Times was expected to life teaches is then felt in its full force; it comes home to the know about without explanation, that he was by no means pic- business and bosoms of men, because every human being per• tor ignotus, at least for the reviewer and his editor. Moreover, ceives that the same impulses that have governed the actions all this precedes Allan Cunningham's account of Blake in the of the object of his contemplation, throb in his own heart, second volume of his Lives of the Most Eminent British Painters, and influence his own conduct; and he learns, by a practical Sculptors, and Architects in 1830.'° It raises some interesting example, whether their issues are of good or of evil. questions about public acquaintanceship with Blake's work in the years immediately following his death in 1827. He adds: Closely associated with the desire of knowing the exclusive history of such personages, is the wish to be acquainted with 8. Thomas Frognall Dibdin, The Library Companion, or. The Young their external appearance, and the fashion of the human Man's Guide and the Old Man's Comfort in the Choice of a Library; 1 vols. (London: Printed for Harding, Triphook and Lepard, 1824) 2: 334. form they wore. Nothing is more natural than to covet the 9. Times 23 March 1821 (issue 11201): 3, col. F "Deaths"; 5 October power of calling them up 1868 (issue 26247): 10, col. E "Crystal Palace Concert." "In their shapes and state majestical, Sarah Jones tells me that the search string "John keats" retrieves an "That we may wonder at their excellence," 1848 Times reference to Monckton Milnes's biographv oi Keats. I would and verify or correct the images which fancy has formed by suggest that this further bears out my argument; the Blake reference is the true copy which the art that confers immortality has pre• both early (within a few months of his death) and is in a casual, almost served of them. irrelevant context. Knowledge of "Blake the engraver" is part of the com• mon currency of the well-educated Times reader. The quotation is from Christopher Marlowe, Doctor Faiistus, 10. Allan Cunningham, Lives of the Most Eminent British Painters, act 4, scene 2, in which Faustus and Mephistophilis conjure up Sculptors, and.Architects, vol. 2 (London: John Murray, 1830) 140-79. the shade of Alexander the Great for the German emperor. We then get the following comment on Blake: The late Mr. Blake, the engraver, whose genius was subject "VISIONS OF BLAKE, THE ARTIST": An Early to a kind of morbid excitement, was so possessed with this notion, that he had contracted a belief that he could, almost Reference to William Blake in the Times at will, bring before his actual physical eyesight the forms of the great men of this and other countries, whose existence he could only know by means of history. Under this delusion, BY ANGUS WHITEHEAD which, however, was of no kin to madness, and could not have happened to any but a person of exalted imagination, ohn Clark Strange, the nineteenth-century collector and he had frequent interviews with his distinguished buried ac• quaintance, and used to relate his imaginary conversations J prospective biographer of William Blake, recorded in his with them in perfect conviction of their truth and reality. manuscript journal that on 6 April 1859, following a conver• sation with Samuel Palmer's brother William at the British This review appeared during the editorship of Thomas Museum, he "pursued inquiries abt Blake in various books in Barnes (1785-1841), whose view was that anonymous journal• the Library and made extracts therefrom viz. Stothards Life— ism, subordinating the personality of the journalist, "was the Songs of Innocence 8c Experience by Blake—B's illustrations 1 only kind that would be read seriously."7 The anonymous re- to Dante—Hayleys Life—Times Newspaper." In an annota- , 7. Gordon l liillips,"B.irncs,'lhomas(1785-l8tn,'()x/.w,//)/,/«'M(in 1. G. EL Bentley, )r., Hhikc Records, 2nd ed. (New Haven: Yale UniverMtv of National Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004). Press, 2004) [hereafter referred to as BR(2)] 717. 46 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2007 tion to this journal entry G. E. Bentley, Jr., observes that "no Blake and excerpts from Cunningham's life of Blake.7 The ex• account of Blake in The Times is known before 1901."" In fact tract from Cunningham's Lives published in the Times in Jan• an account of William Blake had appeared in this newspaper uary 1830, ten days before the Athenaeum and the London Lit• 70 years earlier. On Wednesday 27 January 1830 the Times erary Gazette reviews of the same work, must have introduced printed an extract from Allan Cunningham's "Life of Blake," the name of "Blake, the artist" to an even wider audience. recently published in the second volume of Cunningham's The article may also have assisted Blake's widow, Catherine Lives of the Most Eminent British Painters, Sculptors, and Ar• Blake. The first edition of Cunningham's "Life of Blake" con• chitects (1830).3 In this extract, which the Times titled "VISIONS cludes: OF BLAKE, THE ARTIST," Cunningham describes Blake's drawing of the Visionary Heads of William Wallace and Edward I: The affection and fortitude of this woman [Catherine Blake] entitle her to much respect. She shared her husband's lot VISIONS OF BLAKE, THE ARTIST.—He was requested to draw the without a murmur, set her heart solely upon his fame, and likeness of Sir William Wallace—the eye of Blake sparkled, for soothed him in those hours of misgiving and despondency he admired heroes. "William Wallace!" he exclaimed, "I see which are not unknown to the strongest intellects. She still him now—there, there, how noble he looks—reach me my lives to lament the loss of Blake—and feel it.8 things!" Having drawn for some time, with the same care of hand and steadiness of eye as if a living sitter had been before By January 1830, Catherine lived independently in lodgings him, Blake stopped suddenly, and said, "I cannot finish him— (according to George Cumberland, "at a Bakers") at either 17 4 Edward the First has stepped in between him and me." Upper Charlton Street, 17 Charlton Street, or 17 Upper Char• lotte Street, Fitzroy Square.9 Catherine's move from Freder• The article ends: "Family Library: Lives of the Artists" Perhaps ick Tatham's residence to this address approximately nine the Times' excerpt from Cunningham's biography was the ac• months earlier may have been facilitated by a small legacy count of William Blake that Strange encountered "and made from her brother-in-law and former landlord at 3 Fountain extracts therefrom" at the British Museum in April 1859. Court, Henry Banes.10 G. E. Bentley, Jr., suggests that Cath• Bentley observes that Cunningham's Lives "had an extraor• erine Blake's sale of Blake's large watercolor drawing of "The dinarily powerful effect in bringing the poet-artist's name Characters of Spenser's Faerie Queene" to his former patron before the public"3 and "provoked a spate of comment upon George O'Brien Wyndham, third Earl Egremont, in late July Blake ...."6 Blake Records cites six reviews published during 1829 "is likely to have kept Catherine out of want for the February and early March 1830 which featured discussion of rest of her life."11 However, on 25 February 1830 the collec• tor Haviland Burke showed John Linnell a letter from Rev. Dr. John Jebb, Bishop of Limerick "enquiring | how he c.ltbest serve M.rs Blake." Linnell advised Burke "to recommend to 2.BR(2)7\7fn. the B—[ishop] | to purchase the works of MrB— | from Mrs 3. Times Wednesday 27 January 1830, page 3, column E. This refer• B."12 Catherine's sale of her stock of her late husband's works ence was discovered with the assistance of Palmer's Full Text Online Summer 2007 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 47 THE BLAKE SOCIETY ANNUAL LECTURE AND CONCERT Embrace All That You Fear PATTI SMITH - poet, musician, rock star ~ TUESDAY 28 NOVEMBER 2006 AT 7.30 PM ST JAMES'S CHURCH PICCADILLY LONDON W1J 9LL TICKETS £10 AVAILABLE ON THE DOOR FROM 7PM