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SCHOFIELD, John ~Icallister, Soldier, B SCHOFIELD, John ~IcAllister, soldier, b. in Chautanqna county, N. Y., 29 Sept., 1831. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1853, in the same class with Philip H. Sherida.n, Ja.mes B. McPherson, and John B. Hood. He was assigned to the 1st regi­ ment of artil­ lery and served in garrison in South Carolina and Florida in 1853-'5, and as assistant' pro­ fessor of natu­ ra.l philosophy at the U. S. military acade­ my in 1855-'60, being commis­ sioned 1st lieu­ tenant, 31 Aug., 1855, and cap­ tain, 14 May, • z--T~ 1861. On his ,/ / departlll'e from ~ 'vVest Puint in 1860 he obtained loove of absence and filled the chair of professor of physics at'vYashington uni­ versity, St. Louis, ,Mo., until April, 1861. At the opening of the civil war he entered the volunteer service as major of the 1st Missouri volunteers, 26 April, 1861, and was appointed chief of staff to Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, with whom he served during his campaign in Missolll'i, including the battle of Wilson's Creek, in which Lyon was killed. He was appointed brigadier-genera.! of volunteers, 21 Nov., 1861, and a few days later brigadier-general of Mis­ souri militia, and he was in command of the latter from November, 1861, till November, 1862, and of the Army of the Frontier and the district of south­ west Missonri from that date to April, 1863. He was appointed ma,jor-general of volnnteers, 29 Nov., 1862, and from May, 1863, till February, 1864, was in command of the Department of the Missoll\'i. Be was then assigned to the command of the Depart­ ment and Army of the Ohio, and in April, 1864, joiJled the fOl'ces that were collecting near Chatta­ nooga under Gen. 'vVilliam T. Sherman for the inva­ sion of Georgia. He took part in the Atlanta cam­ paign, being engaged at the ba.ttles of Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Monntain, and Atlanta. 'vYhen Sherman left Atlanta on his IlHtl'ch to the sea, Schofield, with the 23d B,rInY corps, was ordered ba.ck to Tennes­ see to forlD part of the army that was then bei ng organized under Gen. George H. Thomas to resist Hood's invasion of Tennessee. Schofield retreated skilfully before the superior forces of Hood, in­ flicted Ii severe check upon him in a sharp battle a.t Fra.llldin, 30 Nov., 1864, and joined Thomas at Nashville, 1 Dec., 1864. For his services at the bat­ tle of Fra.nklin he was made brigadier-general amI brevet major-general in the regular arm)'. He took part in the battle of Nashville and the subse­ :he quent pursuit of Hood's army. In January, 1865, of he was detached from Thomas's command and sent 'se with the 23d army corps by mil to Washington, vir: and thence by transports to the mouth of Cape ,its Fear river, the entire movement of 15,000 men with ,el­ their artillery and baggage over a distance of 1,800 he miles being accomplished in seventeen days. He ng was assigned to the command of the Department ,nt of North Carolina on 9 Feb., 1865, captured Wil­ Jrk mington on 22 Feb., was engaged in the battle of )n­ Kinston, 8-10 March, and joined Sherman at Golds­ on. boro' on 22 March. He was present at the surrender in of Johnston's army on 26 April, and was charged \'RS with the execution of the details of the capitula­ in tion. In June, 1865, he was sent to .Europe on a spe­ B. cial mission from the state department in regard Led to the Prench intervention in Mexico, and he re­ gi­ mained until May, 1866. In August he was as­ til­ signed to the command of the Department of the 'ed Potomac, with headquarters at Richmond. He was in in charge of the 1st military district (the state of na Virginia) from March, 1867, til! May, 1868. Gen. in Schofield succeeded .Edwin M. Stanton a.s secrebwy as of war, 2 J nne, 1868, and remained in that office un­ ro­ til the close of Johnson's administration, and under tu­ Grant llntil12lVlarch, 1869, when he was appointed ,hy major-general in the U. S. army and ordered to the S. Depa.rtment of the Missouri. He was in command :le­ of the Division of the Pacific from 1870 till 1876 60, I1nd again in 1882 and 1883, superintendent of the lis­ U. S. military academy from 1876 till 1881, and in m­ command of the Division of the Missouri from 1883 'g., till 1886, when he took charge of the Division of 1p­ the Atlantic. He is at present (1888) the senior a,y, major-general of the U. S. army, and, under exist­ his ing laws, will be retired, on reaching the-age of six­ )m ty-four, in 1895. He was president of the board in that adopted the present tactics for the army (1870), ,he went on a special mission to the Hawaiian isla.nds ni­ in 1873, and was president of the board of inquiry ,he on the case of Fitz-John Porter in 1878. ~585 .. (Born N. Y.) ....JOHN M. SCHOFIELD . ......... (Ap'd IlL) .. 7 Military History.- Cadet at the U. S. Militfl.ry Academy from July 1, 1849, to July 1, 1853, when he was gn\dul\ted and promoted in the Army to BVT. SECOXD LIEUT. OF ARTILLERY, JULY 1, 1853. Served: in garrison at Ft. Moultrie, S. C., 1853; in Florid,\, 1854-55; at the (SECOND LIEUT., 1ST AR'rILLERY, AUG. 31, 1853) Military Academy, 1855- 56, as Asst. Professor of Natural and Experimental (FIRST LIEu'!'.• 1ST ARTrLLEllY, AUG. 31, 1855) Philosophy, Nov. 19, 1855, t{) Sep. 30, 1856,-and Principal Asst. Professor, Sep. 30, 1856, to Aug. 28, 1860; and on le,we of absence, 1860-61, during which time he became Professor of Physics in Washington Univerity,lt St, Louis, Mo. Served during the Rebellion of the Seceding St.\tes, 1861- 66: as Mns­ .tering Officer for the State of Missouri, Apr. 20 to May 20, 1861; in Opel'll.tions (MAJOR, 1ST MISSOURI VOLUNTEERS, APR. 26, 1861: ARTILLERY, AUG. 19, 1861) (CAPTAIN, 11TH INFANTRY, MAY 14, 1861: DECLINED) (CAPTAIN, Is'£ ARTILLERY, MAY 14, 1861) in }Iissouri, May 25-Nov. 27, 1861 (Chief of Staff of Geneml Lyon, Ml\y 25 to Aug. 10, 1861), being engaged in the Action of Dug HpI'ing, Aug. 2,-8kir­ mish at CUlTan Post-office, Aug. 3-4, 1861, - Battle of Wilson's Creek, Aug. 10, 1861,-and Action of Fl'edericktOWII, Oct. 21, 1861; in command of the Militia (BRlG.-GENERAL, U. S. VOLUNTEERS, Nov. 21,1861) (BRIG.-GENERAL, MISSOURI MILITIA, Nov. 26, 1861) u. S. MILITARY ACADEMY. 339 NU){IlER. 1853. CLASS RANK. of Missouri, Nov. 27, Hi6l, to Nov., 1862,-of the District of St. Louis, Mo. , Feb. 15 to Sep. 26, 186:3, - and of the" Army of the Frontier," and District of South-west Missouri, Oct. 12, 1862, to April, 1863; as member of Army and (MAJOR-GEl!ERAL, U. S. VOLUNTEERS, Nov. 29, 1862) Navy Bonrd, to examine the condition nnd fitness of the Mississippi Gun and Mort.ar-boat Flotilla, Dec. 9-J1, 1861; in command of 3d Division, 14th Army Corps (Army of the Cumberland), Apr. 20 to May l a, 1863, - of Department of the lVlissonri (ex-officio Major-Geneml commanding Missouri State Militia), May 13, 1863, to Jan., 1864,-anc1 Department and Army of the Ohio, Feb. 9, 1864, to Jau. 29, 1865; in the Invasion of Georgia, in command of the Army of the Ohio, May :J to Sep. 7, 1864, being engaged in the Demonstrations on Buzzard's Roost, May 8- 10, 1864,-Battle of Resaca, ~lt\y 14-15, 1864,-Bat­ Ue of Dallas, l\'by 25- 28, 1864,-Movement against Lost Mountain, with numerous severe engagements, Ml\y 28 to June 18, lS6!,-AcLion of Kulp's P,;rm, June 22, 186!,-Battle of Kenesilw Mountain, June 27- July 2, IS(H, ­ Passage of the Chattahoochee River. July 8, 186!,-Operations in front of At­ lantn, July 19- 22, 1804, - Ba.ttle of Atlant", July 2<!, 1864.-and Siege of Atlanta, July 22-to Sep. 2, 1864; in command of the forces opposed to the. Rebel Army under Gen. Hood ou his advance from Florence, Ala., into Ten­ nessee, Nov. 14 to Dec. I, 1864, being eng"ged in constant skirmishing, Nov. 26-29,-and Ba.ttle of Fmnklin, Ten., No\'. 30, 186!; in command of the 23d (BRlG.-GENERAL, U. S. AR)1Y, Nov. 30, 1864) Army Corps in the n,.We of Nashville, Ten., Dec. 15- 16, 1864, -Pursnit of the Rebel Army of Gen. Hood, Dec., 1864,-and Movement via Cincinnati, 0., and Washington, D. C. , to the month of Cape Fear River, N. C., Jan. 15 to Fcb. 8, 1865; in command of the Department of North Carolina, Peb. 9 to May, 1865, being engaged in the Capture of Ft. Anderson, Peb. 19, n.nd Wil­ mington, Feb. 22, 1865,--R.Ltle near Kinston, ~hr. 8-10, and Occupation of the phca, March 14, l SIi5,-March to Goldsboro, where he united with Gen. (BVT. MAJ.-GENERAL, U. S. AmlY, MAR. 13, 1865, FOR GALLANT AND l\fERI- TORIOUS SERVlCES IN THE BATTLE OF FIUNKLIN, TEN.) Sherman's Army. Mar. 22, 186'), - and Surrender of the Rebel Army, under Gen. J. E. Johnston, at Durham Station, N. C., Apr. 26, 1865, he being de­ tailed to execute the :Vlilitary Convention of Capituhltioll; in comma.nd of the DepRrtment of North C"rolinll, Apr.
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