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Jackson, Jesse Arthur Sergeant the Calgary Highlanders Royal Canadian Infantry Corps

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Jackson, Jesse Arthur Sergeant the Calgary Highlanders Royal Canadian Infantry Corps Jackson, Jesse Arthur Sergeant The Calgary Highlanders Royal Canadian Infantry Corps M-10580 Jesse Arthur Jackson was born on 8 July 1917 in Sintaluta, Saskatchewan, the youngest of seven children in the family. His parents, Charles and Elizabeth Ellen Baines were both born in England and married in January 1902 in Shardlow, Derbyshire. They emigrated to Canada three years later and belonged to the United Church of Canada. Jesse Arthur (called Arthur) had three older brothers, Charles Eric and James Walter; George William was murdered in October 1930 in Calgary. There were three older sisters: Vera A.E.Gillespie, Ellen May Landru and Rosa Eva Brooks. Arthur left school at the age of sixteen, after completing grade 11 and went out to work. From 1934-38, he worked for the Family Moore as a butcher in Sintaluta. Then he bought his own truck and delivered goods for a year. After the war he wanted to work for Robin Hood Flour Mills in Calgary, Alberta. Photo: Arthur with Harvey Moore (left) and Albert Moore(right). December 1939, Sintaluta. 1 On 6 September 1939, Arthur joined the army at the district depot of the Calgary Highlanders, volunteering for active service. He was 22 years old and single; he lived at 2835, 7th Avenue N.W. Calgary. At his medical, he was found to be a healthy young man, 10 feet and 10¾ inches tall and weighing 148 pounds; he had brown eyes and hair. In his free time, he collected stamps and was active in various sports: swimming, skating, ice hockey, softball and volleyball; he often went hunting. His basic training began in Calgary and in March 1940, his infantry training continued in Camp Shilo, Manitoba, where he was promoted to the rank of Lance Corporal on 8 August. Photo: Arthur in Camp Shilo - 1940 2 After seven day’s leave, Arthur joined a group of 923 Calgary Highlanders in Halifax, Nova Scotia and boarded the ship, SS Pasteur. The Regiment was travelling to Europe for the first time. The ship had not been transformed into a troopship and the Highlanders enjoyed the luxury of sleeping in cabins and swimming in the pool. Photo: SS Pasteur On 4 September 1940, they arrived in Gourock, Scotland. Photo: Convoy in Gourock harbour The Regiment went by train to London and then to the Guillemont Barracks in Camp Aldershot, Hampshire. 3 They had hardly arrived before the air raid alarm sounded; they were so impressed by the sight of German bombers flying overhead, that they forgot to take cover. Later that day, they were lectured on the importance of taking shelter when an alarm was sounded. For more than a year, there were periods of training in various English camps; the Highlanders became part of the defence force on the south coast near Brighton. On 5 March 1942, Arthur was promoted to Acting Corporal and on 6 June to Corporal. According to the War Diary for 10 August 1942, the Regiment’s 3rd Platoon, under the command of Lieutenant Jack Reynolds, was sent to training camp; but nothing was further from the truth. In reality, they were taking part in the Allied amphibious attack on the French port of Dieppe on 19 August. It turned into a tactical disaster. Of the more than 6000 troops taking part in the raid, over half were killed, wounded or made prisoners of war. The 3rd Platoon was on an LCT (Landing Craft Tank) with some of the Calgary Tanks and infantry from the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry; they were part of the second wave of attack, arriving at the beach at 6 am. The Germans shot with everything they had in hand and the troops in the LCT were overwhelmed by the noise, the smell and the chaos. German Stukas flew over their heads. Grenades hit the galley and engine room. The men manning the anti-aircraft guns got hit. The anxious crew was waiting for the signal to disembark. The soldiers of the RHLI were the first to leave the ship after lowering the front valve. But they died one by one. Tanks and a bulldozer were leaving the ship. The moment the Calgary Highlanders were ready, the LCT commander ordered the valve to close and retreat. The Highlanders were ordered to man the anti-aircraft guns and shell the German positions. A few more times they sailed back to the beach to pick up fallen and wounded soldiers. At 13.00 hours, all the crafts were ordered to return to England. Photo: the Dieppe battle 4 In the meantime, the rest of the Regiment realised where the 3rd Platoon had gone and went to Portsmouth to help unload the LCT and tend the wounded. Arthur was on leave from 11-18 August and it is not known if he took part in the raid on Dieppe. But the return of the 3rd Platoon in Portsmouth will have made a deep impression on everyone. More training and exercises followed, and there was cliff climbing practice on the west coast of Scotland. The troops were disappointed with their visit to the small village of Calgary nearby. In the winter of 1943, part of the Regiment was sent to North Africa, but Arthur remained in the UK. A month after D-day, on 5 July 1944, the Calgary Highlanders landed in France to take part in the liberation of Western Europe. The first night was spent in the fields near Banville, 3 kilometres west of Juno Beach in Normandy. It was quiet at first, but a few days later, on the night of 10 July, they reached Abbaye d’Ardenne, which lies northwest of the city of Caen. Photo: Abbaye d’Ardenne 1944 Here, Arthur experienced war on the front line. The Regiment was under fire for twenty four hours a day. The 2nd Canadian Division, to which the Calgary Highlanders belonged, then took part in Operation Atlantic. The Highlanders moved in the direction of Vaucelles and crossed the Orne river. On 19 July, they went on towards La Haute and Fleury-sur-Orne. 5 After the fall of Caen, the Germans retreated to the ridge by Verrières, from where they could observe Allied troop movements. Thirty minutes after the Highlanders had taken Hill 67, the Germans returned and a three day battle took place; 31 Canadians were killed. Photo: Monument on Hill 67 - summer 2020 After this, there were some much- needed days of rest. Plans were underway for Operation Spring, where the intention was to take over the whole Verrières ridge. 6 It was defended by elite Waffen-SS troops. The attack which lasted twelve hours, took place on the night of 24 July but was a catastrophe; the inexperienced Canadians were no match for the Germans, and communications also broke down; another 37 soldiers were killed. Rest days followed in Fleury-sur-Orne. British and Canadian troops had twice tried to win Tilly-la-Campagne without success. Now the Highlanders made an attempt, in thick mist; the fighting lasted twelve hours. Some soldiers were able to reach the village, but they too had to give up, with a loss of 36 men. On 8 August, the Highlanders took part in Operation Totalize. They were to capture the bridge over the Laize by Bretteville. Just after midnight, the Regiment left Ifs for Verrières, where they arrived at 1.30am. The whole night, they listened to planes flying over and the noise of heavy bombing. Before dawn, they left their trenches and marched towards Rocquancourt. At 11.00 they proceeded further to Caillouet, three kilometers from Bretteville; on the way, they saw the results of the bombing raids in the night: hundreds of wrecked army vehicles and the many Canadians and Germans who had been killed. The road was barely passable but there was little enemy resistance. At 17.00, the Calgary Highlanders together with Le Régiment de Maisonneuve had captured the Laize bridge. The German troops were up on the surrounding hills and it was not until the next morning that they were subdued and the Canadians, tired and hungry after 24 hours on the road, were able to enjoy a few days of rest. Eleven Highlanders were killed during this operation. Arthur was injured on 8 August, seriously enough to be sent back to England. He was treated in the Roman Way Convalescent Hospital, Colchester, Essex. After two month’s stay, Arthur was able to return to his regiment on 20 October 1944. At this time, they were resting near Ossendrecht, in the Netherlands, after the Hoogerheide battle. On 23 October, most of the Allied Forces in the area, moved towards Bergen op Zoom. The Calgary Highlanders, in Woensdrecht, were ordered to take terrain that lay between the Oosterschelde and the railway, running to the island of Walcheren, much of it underwater. On the map, the area took the shape of a coffin and the episode thereafter, was called the ‘coffin show’. 7 It was cold and wet in the following days as they fought their way along the railway towards Kruiningen. They crossed the canal, which runs through South Beveland on 29 October and reached the Sloedam causeway; this linked it to the island of Walcheren. The battle for the Sloedam began on 31 October, and the Black Watch Regiment attacked first. They suffered heavy losses and withdrew; the next day, the Highlanders took over and attempted to cross but came only halfway. Fighting was at such close quarters that grenades could be caught and thrown back before they exploded. By 2 November, the Canadians could reach only the bridgehead on Walcheren.
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