On the Defence of Aurariae Dacicae
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165 Years of Roman Rule on the Left Bank of the Danube. at The
92 Chapter III PROVINCIA DACIA AUGUSTI: 165 years of Roman rule on the left bank of the Danube. At the beginning of the 2nd century, in the Spring of 101AD, Roman Forces marched against the Kingdom of Decebal. We already know what the Roman's rationale was for starting this war and we also know that the real reason was likely to have been the personal ambition of the first Provincial Emperor, Trajan (he was born in Hispania a man of Macedonian background among Greeks). The Roman armies marched against a client-state of Rome, which was a subordinate ally of Rome. Decebal did not want to wage war against Rome and his recurring peace offers confirm this. It is unlikely that Trajan would only have decided on the total conquest of the Dacian Kingdom after he waged his first campaign in 101-102. After this, Roman garrisons were established in the Province - their ongoing presence is reflected by the Latin names of towns (as recorded by Ptolemy). At Dobreta they begin to build the stone bridge which will span the Danube. It was built in accordance with plans made by Apollodorus of Damascus to promote continuous traffic - it was an accomplishment unmatched - even by Rome. This vast project portends that Trajan began the expedition against Dacia in 101 with the intention of incorporating the Kingdom into the Roman Empire. The Emperor, who founded a city (Nicopolis) to commemorate his victory over Dacia, has embarked on this campaign not only for reasons of personal ambition. The 93 economic situation of the Empire was dismal at the beginning of Trajan's reign; by the end of the second Dacian War it has vastly improved. -
FRONTIER IDENTITIES Roman Villa and Settlement Excavation and Survey
LIFE BY THE IMPERIAL ROAD - FRONTIER IDENTITIES Roman Villa and Settlement Excavation and Survey IDENTITY AND WEALTH: ROMAN PROVINCIAL LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES Rapolt, Transylvania, Romania June 7 - July 4; July 20 - August 1, 2020 During the Roman colonial occupation, southern Transylvania shows a very dynamic and intensive synthesis of Roman provincial life, where a multitude of processes of colonization and creolization take place side by side. Prior to the Roman conquest of 102AD, it was also the most densely populated region of the Dacian Kingdoms. Our project seeks to explore the integration of all the structural provincial elements present along the main Roman axes of communication and transport. Our research area is in the immediate proximity of both the imperial road and the Mures River, the extremely important gold deposits of the Carpathian Gold Moutains, and the political and military centers of Sarmizegetusa Ulpia Traiana and Apulum. We will continue the excavation of the well preserved structures, including a villa rustica of palatial size, identified during our 2013-2019 field seasons. Our 2020 excavation and survey will aim at understanding the importance and impact of the proximity of the main axis of movement, communication and commerce on the Roman provincial rural life, and its evolution through time, as well as the local processes of identity creation. Our participants will participate to the villa excavation, geochemical and geophysical survey, Duration: 4 week sessions STP survey and laboratory analysis. This Costs: US$1695 for each 4-week session extraordinary environment with its associated It includes: monuments and material culture, combined with excavation registration, taxes, fees lectures and spectacular surrounding natural landscapes and most gear beautiful Transylvanian churches and castles, housed as guests of Romanian families in a guarantees all students and volunteers with a highly beautiful traditional Transylvanian village full room and board, Monday-Friday rewarding archaeological and cultural experience. -
Notice Concerning Copyright Restrictions
NOTICE CONCERNING COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS This document may contain copyrighted materials. These materials have been made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, but may not be used for any commercial purpose. Users may not otherwise copy, reproduce, retransmit, distribute, publish, commercially exploit or otherwise transfer any material. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specific conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. 4 vG-@ 15. Ancient Uses of Geothermal Waters in the Precarpathian Area of Romania and the Pannonian Basin of Hungary by Ioan Cohut Mikl6s Arpbi Abstract: The first uses of geother- INTRODUCTION mal waters in the Precarpathian area, Romania, and in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary, are lost in the darkness of 1, THE AKA OF m LARGE ImR-CAwAmAN Am prehistory. However, many Neolithic peoples settled near thermal springs. Pannonian Basins of Romania and Hungary, thermal springs Heat from natural manifestations constitute the only manifestation of geothermal heat. -
Culti E Religiosità Nelle Province Danubiane
NELLE PROVINCE DANUBIANE NELLE PROVINCE E RELIGIOSITÀ CULTI Il volume, pubblicato per iniziativa del Nel volume, curato da Livio Zerbini, compaiono i Laboratorio di studi e ricerche sulle Antiche saggi di Radu Ardevan (Cluj-Napoca), Edgardo province Danubiane del Dipartimento di Studi Badaracco (Sassari), Riccardo Bertolazzi Umanistici dell’Università degli Studi di Ferrara, (Calgary), Dilyana Boteva (Sofia), Nicolò raccoglie i testi delle comunicazioni presentate Giuseppe Brancato (Roma), Maurizio Buora al II Convegno Internazionale «Roma e le (Udine), Juan Ramón Carbó Garcìa (Murcia), province del Danubio», tenutosi a Ferrara dal Paolo Casari (Udine), Alessandro Cavagna 20 al 22 Novembre 2013, sotto l’Alto Patronato (Milano), Laura Chioffi (Napoli), Guido del Presidente della Repubblica Italiana, con Clemente (Firenze), Carla Corti (Ferrara), il patrocinio del Ministero degli Affari Esteri Dan Dana (Parigi), Lietta De Salvo (Messina), Italiano e dell’Association Internationale Zdravko Dimitrov (Sofia), Lucietta Di Paola d’Épigraphie Greque et Latine. (Messina), Werner Eck (Colonia), Alexander Questa pubblicazione, curata da Livio Zerbini, Falileyev (Aberystwyth), Naser Ferri (Pristina), attraverso i contributi di alcuni dei più autorevoli Andrea Frediani (Roma), Dénes Gabler storici, studiosi e ricercatori del mondo danubiano (Budapest), Viola Gheller (Trento), Cristina in età romana, provenienti da quindici Paesi, Girardi (Graz), Eva Katarina Glazer (Zagabria), consente di fare lo status quaestionis sui culti e Snežana Golubović (Belgrado), -
Cults and Religious Integration in the Roman Cities of the Drava Valley (Southern Pannonia)
CULTS AND RELIGIOUS INTEGRATION IN THE ROMAN CITIES OF THE DRAVA VALLEY (SOUTHERN PANNONIA) BY BLANKA MIŠIĆ A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF CLASSICS AND PHILOSOPHY ROYAL HOLLOWAY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON JANUARY 2013 1 DECLARATION OF AUTORSHIP I, Blanka Mišić, hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Signed: ______________________ Dated: _______________________ 2 For my dearest parents. 3 ABSTRACT This work is a detailed examination of pagan cults and deities in three settlements along the Pannonian section of the Drava river (Aquae Iasae – modern Varaždinske Toplice; Iovia- Botivo – modern Ludbreg; and Mursa – modern Osijek) situated within the present-day territory of Croatia. The evidence examined consists primarily of inscribed votive dedications in stone, dating from the Roman conquest of Pannonia to the late third century A.D. Evidence is examined within the theoretical framework of cultural change, taking into account recent theoretical developments in the concepts of “Romanisation”, acculturation, identity- expression and syncretisation in order to determine the extent of cultural and religious integration along the Drava. A thorough examination of evidence reveals the emergence of differing and flexible religious identities specific to each settlement although united by the larger prevailing trend of nature-divinity worship. Our Drava evidence also reveals that economic, social, political and geographic factors all produced an impact on the process and extent of cultural and religious integration, thus helping to form local, regional, provincial and imperial expressions of identity(ies). 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS………………………………………......07 2. -
19 Dacia Was Always Known for Its Rich Natural Resources, I.E., Gold And
Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia nr 65 Adam Jakub Jarych https://doi.org/10.26485/AAL/2019/65/2 RELIGIOUS LIFE SURROUNDING THREE THERMAL SPRINGS IN ANCIENT DACIA1 ABSTRACT The paper deals with the three most important thermal springs in ancient Dacia, on which part of the religious life of the province centred. The available source material makes it possible to determine which dei- ties received the most worship among the visitors enjoying the pleasures of Ad Mediam, Ad Aquas, and Germisara. The collected sources also let us find out what groups of the province’s inhabitants were treated in those extremely popular centres, referred to by many researchers as ancient spa resorts. Keywords: Dacia, hot springs, religion, cult ABSTRAKT Niniejszy artykuł został poświęcony trzem najważniejszym źródłom termalnym w antycznej Dacji, w obrębie, których kształtowała się część życia religijnego prowincji. Dostępny materiał źródłowy pozwala prześle- dzić, jakie bóstwa cieszyły się największą czcią wśród kuracjuszy korzystających z uroków ośrodków w Ad Mediam, Ad Aquas czy Germisara. Zebrane przekazy pozwalają także na prześledzenie jakie grupy obywateli leczyły się w tych popularnych miejscach, określanych przez wielu naukowców mianem antycznych „spa”. Słowa kluczowe: Dacja, gorące źródła, religia, kult 1 Dacia was always known for its rich natural entries by the cartographers who made the map, resources, i.e., gold and silver.2 However, metals while the centre at Ad Aquas came with a special were not the only material for which the region was drawing (a vignette) of a building housing the spa or famous. This Danube province also had thermal wa- the thermal waters themselves. -
The Importance of Water in the Sanctuaries of Aesculapius
Acta Musei Napocensis, 45-46/I, 2008-2009 (2011), p. 207-221 THE IMPORTANCE OF WATER IN THE SANCTUARIES OF AESCULAPIUS. A STUDY REGARDING THE NORTHERN PROVINCES OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE ANDREA CUMURCIUC Zusammenfassung: Die Beziehung zwischen dem Aesculapius-Kult und Wasser ist in den wichtigsten Heiligtiimern der griechischen Welt gut nachgewiesen. Wasser hat te in diesem Kult sowohl einen praktischen als auch einen religiosen Verwendungszweck. Fur alle nordlichen Provinzen des romischen Reiches ist die Prăsenz des Aesculapius doku mentiert, in Pannonien und Dakien aber war seine Popularităt deutlich hoher. Soweit uns geniigende Zeugnisse vorliegen, konnen wir in allen Provinzen die Verbindung zwi schen Aesculapius und dem Wasserkult beobachten. Entweder gibt es eine Quelle auf dem Gelănde eines Asklepieion, wie in Brigetio, Aquincum und Sarmizegetusa, oder die dem Aesculapius geweihten Monumente sind innerhalb von Quellheiligtiimern errichtet, wie in Carrawburgh, Vichy, Mont-de-Sene, Germisara und Băile Herculane. Stichworte: Romische Religion; nordliche Provinzen; Aesculapius; Heiligtiimer; Votive lnschriften. From the many healing cults that coexisted în the Roman Empire mostly out spread was the one of Aesculapius, healing hero and medicine God, hailing from Thessaly. His cult was officially introduced în Athens în the year 420 BC, but his main sanctuary was placed în Epidaurus, from where the cult spread across the Hellenistic and then the Roman world. Regarding the iconography of Aesculapius, in 90% of the cases, he is represent ed as a noble father, with serene attitude, wearing beard, and being either seated, or leaning on his snake-entwined staff. He îs associated with his daughter, Hygia, who în the iconography took the place of his wife Epione. -
Arheovest Iii2
ASOCIAŢIA ARHEO VEST TIMIŞOARA ARHEOVEST III2 -IN MEMORIAM FLORIN MEDELEȚ- Interdisciplinaritate în Arheologie și Istorie Timişoara, 28 noiembrie 2015 JATEPress Kiadó Szeged 2015 Editori: Sorin FORŢIU Andrei STAVILĂ Consilier științific: Dorel MICLE Coperta: Aurelian SCOROBETE, http://www.reinhart.ro/ Foto copertă: Aurelian SCOROBETE Această lucrarea a apărut sub egida: © ArheoVest, Timișoara, 2015 Președinte Lorena VLAD www.arheovest.com referință bibliografică ISBN 978-963-315-264-5 Avertisment Responsabilitatea pentru conţinutul materialelor revine în totalitate autorilor. DVD-ROMul conține contribuțiile în varianta color precum și imaginile la rezoluția maximă trimisă de autor. ANALIZA COMPOZIŢIONALĂ A CELOR TREI PLĂCUȚE DE AUR DE TIP GERMISARA SCOASE LA LICITAŢIE ÎN DECEMBRIE 2014 DE CASA ARTMARK Daniela Cristea-Stan*, Bogdan Constantinescu*, Ernest Oberländer-Târnoveanu**, Tudor Martin** * Institutul Naţional de Fizică şi Inginerie Nucleară - Horia Hulubei; [email protected]; [email protected] ** Muzeul Naţional de Istorie a României din Bucureşti; [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract. The gold alloy composition for three votive plaques type Germisara (ARTMARK gallery – December 2014) was determined using a portable X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometer. For comparison eight Germisara votive plaques (Deva and Alba Iulia Museums) and three other Roman gold artifacts found in Transylvania were also analyzed. Compositional data for native gold from Apuseni Mountains suggest the gold alloy for all the votive plaques are from Valea Morii geological deposit, all the plaques (ARTMARK + Germisara) being produced in a same workshop near Germisara. Keywords: votive plaques; Germisara; X-Ray Fluorescence; native gold; Valea Morii La sfârşitul anului trecut, casa ARTMARK din București a scos la licitaţie trei plăcuţe votive de aur (Fig. -
Trajan's First Dacian War Author(S): G
Trajan's First Dacian War Author(s): G. A. T. Davies Source: The Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 7 (1917), pp. 74-97 Published by: Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/295582 . Accessed: 09/05/2014 12:41 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Roman Studies. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 169.229.32.138 on Fri, 9 May 2014 12:41:04 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions TRAJAN'S FIRST DACIAN WAR. (Plates I -V.) By G. A. T. DAVIES. In the early summer of I914 I undertook to prepare for the 7ournal of Roman Studies an abstract of a paper read at a meeting of the Roman Society in the March of that year on the subject of Trajan's second Dacian campaign in A.D. I02. This manuscript was sent from Munich in the last fateful days of that July, and for obvious reasons never came to hand. -
Onomasticon Daciae (I). Die Patronymika Der Provinz Dacia Porolissensis
Adela Paki ONOMASTICON DACIAE (I). DIE PATRONYMIKA DER PROVINZ DACIA POROLISSENSIS Die Patronymika sind kein spezifisches Element der spătromischen Onomastik, die, im tria nomina-System, den Namen des Vaters als Filiation beinhaltet, wie z. B. im Falie 1 des Zenturio der legio V Macedonica, M. Pollius M. f. Ouf. Hispanus, Mediolano • Das Patronymikon wird von allen europăischen Volkern benutzt, einschlieBlich von den Latinern, wie auch von jenen aus Kleinasien, als Hinzufi.igung zum Personennamen. Das onomastische System Personennamen + Patronymikon, das aus dem uralten indo europăischen Modell vererbt wurde2, wurde allmăhlich durch das Auftreten des Gentiliziums bzw. der Verleihung des Bi.irgerrechts an Personen und Gemeinschaften, die mit der romischen Zivilisation in Kontakt gerieten, abgelost. Die zu Bi.irgern gewordene Peregrinen geben einen Namen wie z. B. Mucatra Biti aut und verăndern ihn, durch die Anpassung an den romischen Brauch, auf zwei Arten. Entweder wird der Personennamen zum Kognomen und ein neues Gentilizium wird ausgewăhlt, wobei diese Person zu C. Iulius Bitus wird (falls er das Bi.irgerrecht unter den Juliern erhielt), oder aber, seltener, wird das Patronymikon zum nomen gentile, wobei die Person dann Bitius Mucatra heiBen wird. lmmerhin wirkt in der ersten Generation das komplexe romische onomastische System 3 storend fi.ir die eingeborenen Peregrinen, nicht nur in der griechischsprechenden Gegend , sondern auch in den Gebieten mit hispanischem, keltischem, illyrischem und thrakischem Substrat. Die erste Generation von Bi.irgern gibt auch nach der zweiten Hălfte des 2. Jh. n. Chr. das Patronymikon nicht auf, auch wenn sie es in die tria nomina einfi.ihrt. Im folgenden sammelten und systematisierten wir die komplette Benennung der Personen aus der Provinz Dacia Porolissensis, die ihr Patronymikon angeben. -
Applied Field Techniques and Research Center Archaeotek Canada [email protected] 1
IDENTITY AND WEALTH ON THE ROMAN FRONTIER ROMAN PROVINCIAL LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES: - VILLA AND SETTLEMENT EXCAVATION AND SURVEY - Summer 2021 Southern Transylvania, Hunedoara County, Romania SYLLABUS ArchaeoTek / BioArch Canada Roman Villa and Settlement Archaeological Excavation (4 weeks) Dates: Session 1: June 6 – July 3, 2021 Session 2: July 4 – July 31, 2021 Scientific Director: Dr. Andre Gonciar ([email protected]) Field Directors: Drd. William Henry John P. Chamness Trench Director: Jamie Bone Web Site: https://www.archaeotek-archaeology.org/roman-villa-excavation Application Form: https://www.archaeotek-archaeology.org/application-excavation-and-gpr Program Fees and Costs: Roman Villa and Settlement Archaeological Excavation: $1795 per 4-week session Additional costs due to the COVID-19 situation: o mandatory chartered bus pick up at the Bucharest airport: $100 one-way (return optional) o weekend day-trips are mandatory in 2021, for an additional cost of $300 (total for all 4 trips) Applied Field Techniques and Research Center ArchaeoTek Canada www.archaeotek-archaeology.org [email protected] 1 I. Introduction: By the beginning of the first century AD, the Roman Empire reached its zenith. The conquest of Dacia was the last great expansion of Rome. Since the first half of the 1st century BC, under the great king Burebista, the Dacians start to get involved in Roman politics. Domitian’s failure to annex Dacia and subsequent Roman military defeats at the hands of the Dacians made the Danube frontier a target of fundamental importance for the Empire. It took Trajan, one of Rome’s greatest military minds, two wars (101/2AD and 106AD) to subjugate and colonize the mighty Dacians, or as Herodotus described them, “the bravest and fairest of all the Thracians”. -
Life by the Imperial Roads
LIFE BY THE IMPERIAL ROAD Roman Provincial Excavation and Survey ROMAN PROVINCIAL LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES Rapolt, Transylvania, Romania May 31 – July 4, 2015 During the Roman colonial occupation, southern Transylvania shows a very dynamic and intensive synthesis of Roman provincial life, where a multitude of processes of colonization and creolization take place side by side. Prior to the Roman conquest of 102AD, it was also the most densely populated region of the Dacian Kingdoms. Our project seeks to explore the integration of all the structural provincial elements present along the main Roman axes of communication and transport. Our research area is in the immediate proximity of both the imperial road and the Mures River, the extremely important gold deposits of the Carpathian Gold Moutains, and the political and military centers of Sarmizegetusa Ulpia Traiana and Apulum. We will continue the excavation of the well preserved structures, including a villa rustica, identified during our 2013 and 2014 field seasons. Duration: 5 weeks (2 weeks minimum) Costs: US$1575 for 5 weeks ($450/week for shorter stays). It includes: Our 2015 excavations will aim at understanding x Excavation registration, taxes, fees the importance and impact of the proximity of the main and most gear axis of movement, communication and commerce on the Roman provincial rural life, and its evolution through x Housed as guests of Romanian time. This extraordinary environment with its associated families in a beautiful traditional monuments and material culture, combined with Transylvanian village spectacular surrounding natural landscapes and beautiful x Full room and board – Monday-Friday Transylvanian churches and castles, guarantees all students and volunteers with a highly rewarding 72$33/< archaeological and cultural experience.