BS-10 Text Part1.Cdr

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

BS-10 Text Part1.Cdr Budget Sale 10 Auction of Coins, Tokens, Medals and Paper Money Sunday, 16th December, 2018, 11:00 am onwards Sonal Hall, Karve Road, Near Garware College Pune 411 004. Art & Antique Decor (Farokh S. Todywalla Proprietary Concern) [Antiques Licence No. 13A, Dt. 17/04/2006] Todywalla House, 80 Ardeshir Dady Street, Khetwadi, Mumbai 400 004. India Cell: +91-9820 054408 E-mail: [email protected] • Website: www.todywallaauctions.com Date of Sale: Sunday, 16th December, 2018, 11:00 am onwards Public View: Friday & Saturday 14th & 15th December, 11:00 am - 4:00 pm - At the venue By Appointment: 7th December to 13th December, 3 pm to 6 pm at Art & Antique Decor Todywalla House, 80 Ardeshir Dady Street, Khetwadi, Mumbai 400 004. India. Phone: +91-9820054408 Order of Sale: Ancient Coins................................................................... Lots 001 - 053 Hindu Coins of Medieval India ....................................... Lots 054 - 065 Sultanates ........................................................................ Lots 066 - 074 Mughals ........................................................................... Lots 075 - 157 Independent Kingdoms ................................................... Lots 158 - 168 Princely States ................................................................. Lots 169 - 189 Indo - Portuguese ............................................................ Lots 190 East India Company ......................................................... Lots 191 - 206 British India ..................................................................... Lots 207 - 224 Republic India ................................................................. Lots 225 - 229 Foreign Coins ................................................................. Lots 230 - 235 Medals ............................................................................. Lots 236 - 237 Collection of Vasco Da Gama Meallions ........................ Lots 238 - 248 Please Note: Items over 100 years old cannot be taken out of India without the permission of the Director General, Archaeological Survey of India, Janpath, New Delhi 110 011. Buyer's Premium is 12.50% plus Gst of 18%, a total of Academic Advisor 14.75% on the Hammer Price. Additionally, 3% GST on Dr. Shailendra Bhandare, Faculty Oxford University Bullion or 5% on Numismatic Coins (Chp 9705, Sr. #262, pg.42) or 12% on items of Numismatic interest other Expert Panel Mr. Kishore Jhunjhunwala, author Indian Paper Money than Numismatic coins (Chp 9705, Sr. #239, pg.79) is Mr. Parag P. Tripathi payable, as per the “Rate on GST of Goods” booklet. Mr. Praful K. Thakkar, IAS (Retd) Antiques License No. 13A, Dt. 17/04/2006 Mr. Prashant P. Kulkarni, M.A., M.Com, ACA GST No. 27AAGPT8387H1ZY Mr. Rajan Jaykar, Solicitor Our Bankers: HDFC Bank, Null Bazar, Mumbai Mr. Rathi Basant Kumar, B.Com (Hons.) Art & Antique Décor, A/c No. 06262320001042 Mr. Rezwan Razack, Jt. MD, Prestige Group RTGS/NEFT IFSC: HDFC0000626 Cataloguing ICICI Bank, Hughes Road, Mumbai Mr. Malcolm F. Todywalla Art & Antique Décor, A/c No. 041605000030 Mr. Rajesh Somkuwar RTGS/NEFT IFSC: ICIC0000416 Mr. Amit A. Surana Price: ` 150 Ancient second three arched hill surmounted by a crescent with traces of other symbols, uniface. Fine and Very Fine+. (2) Estimate: ` 1,400-1,600 08 Ujjaini, Copper Unit, 8.16g and 1.61g, obv. human 01 Archaic Punch Marked Coinage, Mauryan Empire, figure standing besides a bull, in front of a tree in Silver Karshapana (2), 2.56g, and 2.90g, first with railing, a river below with fishes, rev. four orb ujjaini sun, six armed, three arched hill with a crescent symbol with a circle in each orb; obv. bull walking to above, four crescents attached with a circle and right with a tree and four orb ujjaini symbol above geometric symbols; the second, sun, six armed, fishes (Bop & Pieper class 2). Fine. (2) in pond and other symbols (Gupta & Hardaker, Estimate: ` 2,000-2,500 Series IV b). Very Fine+, Scarce. (2) Estimate: ` 1,000-1,300 09 Yaudheyas (c. 2nd century BC), Copper Drachma, 9.01g, obv. six headed kartikeya standing facing front, holding spear in right hand and resting left hand on hip, beside Brahmi legend, rev. multiple tree in railing symbol with traces of standing goddess. Fine. 02 Archaic Punch Marked Coinage, Mauryan Empire, Estimate: ` 800-1,000 Silver Karshapana (2), 2.81g and 2.84g, first with sun, six armed, three arched hill, fishes in pond and fishes in river; the second sun, six armed, tree-in- railing and geomatric symbol (Gupta & Hardaker Series IVb & VIa). Very Fine+, Scarce. (2) 10 Kunindas, Amoghabhuti (c. 200 BC), Silver Estimate: ` 1,000-1,300 Drachma, 2.32g, obv. deer standing to right with a 03 Punch Marked, Post-Mauryan, Paoni Area three arched hill between its legs, a 'lota' between the (Vidarbha), Copper Unit, 5.04g, five punches, obv. deer and the goddess; the goddess holding a flower elephant to right above parasol, eight spoke wheel, surrounded by Brahmi legend mentioning Maharaja triangular headed standard surrounding taurine, tree Amoghabhuti of the Kuninda tribe; rev. stupa, in railing on right bottom and bull on left bottom, Swastika, Chaitya symbols with Kharoshthi legend uniface (Prof. C. S. Gupta ND V, Nasik). Fine. 'Maharaja Amoghabhutisa' (Mitch ACW 4440, BMC Estimate: ` 1,000-1,300 pl. 23 no.3). Extremely Fine, a three arched hill and a 'lota' 04 Pre-Satavahana, Sheryasa ©. 200 BC), Vidarbha hence Rare. Region, Punch Marked type, Copper Unit, 3.05g, Estimate: ` 6,000-7,000 obv. Brahmi legend on top Seyasa and symbol below 11 Indo-Greek, Apollodotus I (c. 160-150 BC), Square (Kulkarni ICS News letter). Fine. Copper Quadruple, 7.40g, Apollo standing facing, Estimate: ` 1,400-1,600 with quiver over shoulder, holding arrow in right 05 Punch-Marked, Eran-Vidisha region, Copper, 5.81g, hand and left hand resting on grounded bow with four punches, of a horse, elephant, fishes in river and Greek legend Basilleos Sotherus Apollodotus around; four orb Ujjaini symbol, Uniface (J. Allan PL.XVIII). rev. tripod with Kharoshthi legend (Bopearachchi & Fine. Rahman 209). About Very Fine. Estimate: ` 1,500-1,800 Estimate: ` 1,100-1,300 06 Punch-Marked, Eran-Vidisha region, Copper, 5.77g, five punches, an elephant, six armed, triangular 12 Indo-Greeks, Apollodotus I, Copper Square headed standard in railing, four orb ujjaini and river Quadruple (2), obv. Apollo standing facing, with with fishes (Bop & Pieper 20-21). Fine. quiver over shoulder, holding arrow in right hand Estimate: ` 1,500-1,800 and left hand resting on grounded bow with Greek legend Basilleos Sotherus Apollodotus around, rev. 07 Post-Mauryan, Taxila (local coinage), (c. 185-160 tripod with Kharoshthi legend (Bopearachchi & BC), Copper Karshapana, 2.83g and 3.09g, Punch- Rahman 209). Fine+, one with verdigris and one with marked type, first obv. elephant walking to left in some encrustation. (2) front of a three arched hill surmounted by a crescent; Estimate: ` 800-1,000 3 13 Indo-Greeks, Apollodotus I, Copper Square 18 Indo-Greeks, Antialcidas (c. 115-95 BC), Copper Quadruple (2), obv. Apollo standing facing, with Square Unit, 7.38g, obv. diademed bust of the king to quiver over shoulder, holding arrow in right hand right holding thunderbolt on shoulder with Greek and left hand resting on grounded bow with Greek legend around, rev. cap of Dioscuri with palms in legend around, rev. tripod with Kharoshthi legend; center and Kharoshthi legend Maharajasa Jayadharasa Western Kshatrapa, Nahapana, Silver Drachma, obv. Amtialikidasa (Mitch ACW 1849). Fine+. bust of king facing right, corrupt Greek legend Estimate: ` 1,200-1,500 around, rev. arrow pointed towards left and 19 Indo-Greeks, Antialcidas, Copper Square Unit, thunderbolt to right with Brahmi legend around. 7.55g, obv. diademed bust of the king to right holding About Very Fine to Very Fine. (3) thunderbolt on shoulder with Greek legend around, Estimate: ` 1,400-1,600 rev. cap of Dioscuri with palms in center and 14 Indo-Greeks, Menander I (c. 160-145 BC), Copper Kharoshthi legend Maharajasa Jayadharasa Drachm, obv. helmeted bust of the king to right with Amtialikidasa (Mitch ACW 1849). Fine+. Greek legend, rev. winged nike standing facing to Estimate: ` 1,200-1,500 right, holding wreath and palm with Kharoshthi; 20 Indo-Greeks, Antialcidas, Copper Square Unit (2), Antialcidas (c. 115-95 BC), Copper Square Unit, obv. bust of Zeus to right holding thunderbolt, rev. 7.74g, obv. bust of Zeus to right holding thunderbolt, cap of Dioscuri with palms in center; Philoxenus (c. rev. cap of Dioscuri with palms in center (Bop & 100-95 BC), Copper Square Drachma (2), obv. Pieper 150); Indo-Scythians, Vonones with goddess standing left holding cornucopiae with Spalagadames, obv. Herakles standing facing, Greek legend around, rev. humped bull walking right crowning himself and holding club, with Greek with Kharoshthi legend Maharajasa Apadihatasa legend around, rev. Athena standing left, holding Philasinasa; the last Indo-Scythian (Bop & Pieper 150 spear and shield in one hand and raising the other & 481-483). About Fine to About Very Fine, the last poor. hand, with Kharoshthi legend around. Fine. (3) (5) Estimate: ` 1,400-1,600 Estimate: ` 1,800-2,200 21 Kingdom of Choresmia, Heliocles imitations, Copper Drachma, 3.51g, obv. diademed bust of the king facing right, rev. horse walking to left with corrupt legend around (Mitch ACW 1879-1883). Fine. 15 Indo-Scythians, Maues (c. 125-85 BC), Copper Estimate: ` 1,100-1,300 Square Unit, 4.44g, obv. horse standing right
Recommended publications
  • Auction 47 9Th January 2016 Nashik
    Auction 47 9th January 2016 Nashik World of Coins Highlights of Auction 21 31 32 50 43 55 66 76 83 77 105 107 167 168 172 177 170 Auction 47 World of Coins Saturday, 9th January 2016 6.00 pm onwards at Indraprashtha Hall VIEWING Old Gangapur Naka, Gangapur Road, Monday 4 Jan. 2016 11:00 am - 6:00 pm Nashik 422002 Tuesday 5 Jan. 2016 11:00 am - 6:00 pm In Association with Wednesday 6 Jan. 2016 11:00 am - 6:00 pm Rare Fair 2016 Thursday 7 Jan. 2016 11:00 am - 6:00 pm Category Lots At Rajgor’s SaleRoom Ancient Coins 1-44 605 Majestic Shopping Centre, Near Church, 144 JSS Road, Hindu Coins of Medieval India 45-48 Opera House, Mumbai 400004 Sultanate Coins of Islamic India 49-61 Friday 8 Jan. 2016 11:00 am - 6:00 pm Coins of Mughal Empire 62-75 Coins of Independent Kingdoms 76-94 Saturday 9 Jan. 2016 11:00 pm - 4:00 pm Princely States of India 95-171 At the Nashikvenue European Powers in India 172-183 British India 184-191 Republic of India 192-193 DELIVERY OF LOTS Foreign Coins 194-204 Delivery of Auction Lots will be done from the Badges 205 Mumbai Office of the Rajgor’s. Medals 206-208 Philately 209-216 BUYING AT RAJGOR’S For an overview of the process, see the Numismatic Books 217-327 Easy to buy at Rajgor’s Paper Money 328-333 Front cover: Lot 76 • Back cover: Lot 329 CONDITIONS OF SALE This auction is subject to Important Notices, Conditions of Sale and to Reserves To download the free Android App on your ONLINE CATALOGUE Android Mobile Phone, View catalogue and leave your bids online at point the QR code reader application on your www.Rajgors.com smart phone at the image on left side.
    [Show full text]
  • Rudradaman I (Reign 130 AD – 150 AD)
    Origins Scythians (referred to as Sakas in Indian sources) were a group of Iranian nomadic pastoral tribes. In the second century BC, central Asian nomadic tribes and tribes from the Chinese region invaded the region of present-day Kazakhstan whose inhabitants were Scythians. This promoted the Scythians to move towards Bactria and Parthia. After defeating the Parthian king, they moved towards India. Scythians who migrated to India are known as Indo-Scythians. The Sakas had an Indian kingdom larger than the Indo-Greeks. Maues (Reign 80 BC – 65 BC) Maues, also known as Moga was the earliest Indo-Scythian king. He ruled over Gandhara (present Pakistan and Afghanistan). He invaded the Indo-Greek territories but unsuccessfully. His capital was at Sirkap (Punjab, Pakistan). Many coins issued by Maues have been found. They contain Buddhist and also Hindu symbols. The languages used in these coins were Greek and Kharoshti. His son Azes I acquired the remaining Indo-Greek territories by defeating Hippostratos. Chastana (Reign 78 AD – 130 AD) He was a Saka ruler of the Western Kshatrapas (Satraps) dynasty who ruled over Ujjain. The Saka Era is believed to have started at his ascension to power in 78 AD. Ptolemy mentions him as “Tiasthenes” or “Testenes”. He was the founder of one of the two major Saka Kshatrapa dynasties in northwest India, the Bhadramukhas. The other dynasty was called Kshaharatas and included the king Nahapana (who was defeated by Satavahana king Gautamiputra Satakarni). Rudradaman I (Reign 130 AD – 150 AD) He is considered the greatest of the Saka rulers. He is from the Western Kshatrapa dynasty.
    [Show full text]
  • July-Sept 2015 Pdf.Cdr
    CHAPTER II HISTORY OF THE WESTERN KSHATRAPAS Political conditions in India after the close of the Mauryan period became diffuse, involving a variety of rulers, eras and people. Northern India found itself caught up in the turmoil of happenings in Central Asia. With the building of the Great Wall of China, the nomadic tribes whose pastures dried out could not make inroads into China (Thapar 1990: 96; Bagchi 1955:1). The tribes were forced to migrate south and west. Of the three main tribes the Yueh-chih were driven out from the best lands, and had to flee far across the continent. They split themselves into two hoards, the little Yueh-chih and the great Yueh-chih, and wandered further west of the shores of the Aral sea, where they stopped for a while, replacing the inhabitants of the region, the Scythians or Sakas as they were called in the Indian sources (Bagchi 1955:2; Konow 1969:xxvi-xxvii). So Sakas poured into Bactria and Parthia. A Chinese visitor records that in 128 B.C. the land surrounding the Aral sea had been cleared of Scythians, instead he found the Yueh-chih settled there. The Parthians failed to hold back the Sakas who did not pause there but using the Bolan pass (near Quetta), swept down into the Indus valley and settled in Western India. The first Saka king was Maues (c. 80 B.C.) who established Saka power in Gandhara (Thapar 1990: 97;Konow 1969:xxvi-xxix; Bagchi 1955: 123-124). However the Yueh-chih chief Kujula Khadiphises led 31 the united five tribes of the Yueh-chih and led them over the northern mountains into the Indian sxibcontinent.
    [Show full text]
  • Development & Growth During Western Kshtrapas Shushmita Sen
    P: ISSN NO.: 2321-290X RNI : UPBIL/2013/55327 Shrinkhla Ek Shodhparak Vaicharik Patrika Vol-III * Issue-VIII* April-2016 E: ISSN NO.: 2349-980X Development & Growth During the Rule of Western Kshtrapas Abstract The Western Kshatrapas, or Western Satraps, were Saka rulers of the western and central part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh states). They were synchronic with the Kushans who ruled the northern part of the Indian subcontinent and the Satavahana (Andhra) who ruled in central India. Kshatrapa, a Sanskritic form of an early Persian word, means "protector of the land." The title Kshatrapa was addressed to the heir-apparent to the throne (usually the son) and the more exalted title of Mahaksatrapa (akin to Maharaja) was bestowed upon the ruling king. Both the Mahaksatrapa and his subordinate, the Kshatrapa, ruled independently and were permitted to mint and issue coins bearing their own names. The long reign of these leaders of Persian descent was marked by stability and peace, which resulted in overall development and prosperity.Coming from the Persian Gulf or the Red Sea, Gujarat was the maritime gateway to India. Throughout this period, Gujarat‘s ties with the Persian world were maintained either overland via Arachosia ( Zābolestān) or Gandhara ( Taxila), or by sea.The archaeological and literary data of this time will support me to understand my study. Keywords: Kshatrapa, Gujarat, Vihara, Three Arched hill, Trade, Bharuch, Nahapana, Coins Introduction The Western Kshatrapas, or Western Satraps, (35-405 CE) were Saka rulers of the western and central part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh Shushmita Sen Pramanik states).
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Coin Reference Guide
    Ancient Coin Reference Guide Part One Compiled by Ron Rutkowsky When I first began collecting ancient coins I started to put together a guide which would help me to identify them and to learn more about their history. Over the years this has developed into several notebooks filled with what I felt would be useful information. My plan now is to make all this information available to other collectors of ancient coinage. I cannot claim any credit for this information; it has all come from many sources including the internet. Throughout this reference I use the old era terms of BC (Before Christ) and AD (Anno Domni, year of our Lord) rather than the more politically correct BCE (Before the Christian era) and CE (Christian era). Rome With most collections, there must be a starting point. Mine was with Roman coinage. The history of Rome is a subject that we all learned about in school. From Julius Caesar, Marc Anthony, to Constantine the Great and the fall of the empire in the late 5th century AD. Rome first came into being around the year 753 BC, when it was ruled under noble families that descended from the Etruscans. During those early days, it was ruled by kings. Later the Republic ruled by a Senate headed by a Consul whose term of office was one year replaced the kingdom. The Senate lasted until Julius Caesar took over as a dictator in 47 BC and was murdered on March 15, 44 BC. I will skip over the years until 27 BC when Octavian (Augustus) ended the Republic and the Roman Empire was formed making him the first emperor.
    [Show full text]
  • Polity and Economy: a Study of the Coinage of the Western Kshatrapas
    Polity and Economy: A Study of the Coinage of the Western Kshatrapas Suken Shah1, Abhijit Dandekar1, P. P. Joglekar1 and Pankaj Goyal1 1. Department of Ancient Indian History, Culture and Archaeology, Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Pune – 411 006, Maharashtra, India (Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Received: 25 October 2017; Revised: 20 November 2017; Accepted: 08 December 2017 Heritage: Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Archaeology 5 (2017): 644‐655 Abstract: Present article is an attempt to understand the economic conditions during the reign of the Western Kshatrapas through their silver coins. A total of 168 coins of 14 different kings were taken into the consideration for the work and their silver content is discussed. Statistical analyses have been done to get quantitative support to the inferences drawn. The paper also investigates fineness of the coins of different Western Kshatrapa rulers, to understand political and economical stability of that particular ruler. Keywords: Polity, Economy, Coinage, Western Kshatrapas, Statistical Analysis, Graphical Representation, Standard Deviation Introduction The Western Ksatrapas, the Ksaharatas as well as the Kardamakas, ruled successively for more than 350 years, from about the beginning of the second half of 1st century CE to the beginning of the 5th century CE (Rajgor 1992: 87‐105) over the region comprising modern states of Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. The Kardamakas issued coins with legends bearing the issuer’s name and titles along with that of their fathers/predecessors. The early kings did not mention any dates on their coins.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue Prepared by : Shah Girish Jagshi Veera Academic Advisor : Dr
    B H U J On Friday, 26th July 2019, 79 5.30 pm onwards Bangalore 159 491 395 204 B H U J AUCTIONEER OF COINS, BANK NOTES, STAMPS AND MEDALS Auction # 79 Jain Vir Samvat 2545, Vikram Samvat, Ashadha, Navami, 2076, Shalivahan Sake 1941 On Friday, 26th July 2019, 5.30 pm onwards At Shikshakara Sadan, K.G. Road, Bangalore - 560 002. In conjunction with Nanyadarshini 2019 Organize by karnataka Numismatic Society OSWAL ANTIQUES Girish J. Veera Antiques License No. 15 Shop No. 2, Chandra Mahal, St. Paul Street, Hindmata, Dadar, Mumbai 400014. India By Appointment (11 am to 5 pm) Phone: 022-2412 5204 Fax: +91-22-2414 9917 Mobile No: +91-8104199202 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.oswal.auction Please Note: Items over 100 years old cannot be taken out of India without the permission of the Director general, Archaeological Survey of India, Janpath, New India 110 011. 1 Oswal Auction # 79 Friday, July 26th, 2019 at 5.30 pm | Bangalore Order of sale • Ancient ................................................................................................................................................ Lots 1 - 126 • Medieval India...................................................................................................................................... Lots 127 - 198 • Sultanates .......................................................................................................................................... Lots 199 - 224 • Mughal ...............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Iran (Persia) and Aryans Part - 5
    INDIA (BHARAT) - IRAN (PERSIA) AND ARYANS PART - 5 Dr. Gaurav A. Vyas This book contains the rich History of India (Bharat) and Iran (Persia) Empire. There was a time when India and Iran was one land. This book is written by collecting information from various sources available on the internet. ROOTSHUNT 15, Mangalyam Society, Near Ocean Park, Nehrunagar, Ahmedabad – 380 015, Gujarat, BHARAT. M : 0091 – 98792 58523 / Web : www.rootshunt.com / E-mail : [email protected] Contents at a glance : PART - 1 1. Who were Aryans ............................................................................................................................ 1 2. Prehistory of Aryans ..................................................................................................................... 2 3. Aryans - 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 10 4. Aryans - 2 …............................………………….......................................................................................... 23 5. History of the Ancient Aryans: Outlined in Zoroastrian scriptures …….............. 28 6. Pre-Zoroastrian Aryan Religions ........................................................................................... 33 7. Evolution of Aryan worship ....................................................................................................... 45 8. Aryan homeland and neighboring lands in Avesta …...................……………........…....... 53 9. Western
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Indian Political Thought
    ANCIENT INDIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT MA [POLITICAL SCIENCE] First Semester I(POLS 701C) [ENGLISH EDITION) Directorate of Distance Education TRIPURA UNIVERSITY Reviewer Dr Sudhir Kumar Assistant Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi Authors Dr. Nirja Sharma: Units (1.2.1, 1.3.2, 1.4-1.4.2, 4.4.1, 4.4.2, ) © Dr. Nirja Sharma, 2015 Dr Biswaranjan Mohanty: Units (1.5, 2.3, 3.2.2-3.2.4, 3.4, 4.2.2, 4.3-4.3.4) © Dr Biswaranjan Mohanty, 2015 Dr. Jyoti Trehan Sharma & Miss Lianboi Vaiphei: Units (2.2, 3.2, 3.2.1, 4.2.1, 4.3.5) © Dr. Jyoti Trehan Sharma & Miss Lianboi Vaiphei, 2015 Vikas® Publishing House: Units (1.0-1.1, 1.2, 1.2.2-1.2.4, 1.3-1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.3-1.4.4, 1.6-1.10, 2.0-2.1, 2.4-2.8, 3.0-3.1, 3.3, 3.5-3.9, 4.0-4.1, 4.2, 4.2.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6-4.10) © Reserved, 2015 Books are developed, printed and published on behalf of Directorate of Distance Education, Tripura University by Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication which is material, protected by this copyright notice may not be reproduced or transmitted or utilized or stored in any form of by any means now known or hereinafter invented, electronic, digital or mechanical, including photocopying, scanning, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior written permission from the DDE, Tripura University & Publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • UPSC Notes [GS-I] Topic: Saka
    UPSC Civil Services Examination UPSC Notes [GS-I] Topic: Saka Era (The Sakas) [NCERT Notes - Ancient Indian History for UPSC] After the decline of the Mauryan Empire, northwest India was constantly under attack from various invaders from Central and West Asia. The Indo-Greek rule lasted from about 180 BC till about 55 BC. The Sakas (also written Shakas), alternatively known as Indo-Scythians, invaded northwest India in the first century BC onwards. Saka Era Origin The beginning of the Saka Era can be related to the ascent of the king Chashtana. The period of the Saka Era falls between 11 years and 52 years. This information was retrieved from the inscriptions of the king Chashtana. Scythians (referred to as Sakas in Indian sources) were a group of Iranian nomadic pastoral tribes. In the second century BC, central Asian nomadic tribes and tribes from the Chinese region invaded the region of present-day Kazakhstan whose inhabitants were Scythians. This promoted the Scythians to move towards Bactria and Parthia. After defeating the Parthian king, they moved towards India. Scythians who migrated to India are known as Indo-Scythians. The Sakas had an Indian kingdom larger than the Indo-Greeks. Rulers during the Saka Era Maues (Reign 80 BC – 65 BC) Maues, also known as Moga was the earliest Indo-Scythian king. He ruled over Gandhara (present Pakistan and Afghanistan). He invaded the Indo-Greek territories but unsuccessfully. His capital was at Sirkap (Punjab, Pakistan). Many coins issued by Maues have been found. They contain Buddhist and also Hindu symbols. The languages used in these coins were Greek and Kharoshti.
    [Show full text]
  • The Guptas and the Vakatakas
    THE GUPTAS AND THE VAKATAKAS • After the fall of the Maurya Empire, the Kushans in the North and the Satavahanas in the Deccan emerged as the two major political powers. • They not only brought political unity and economic prosperity to these regions, but were also great stabilizing forces in their respective areas. • Around c. 230 CE, the Kushans’ reign ultimately came to an end in northern India, and a considerable part of its empire came under the suzerainty of the Murundas (possibly kinsmen of the Kushans). • The Murundas ruled for a short time span of about 25−30 years. • This was the Gupta Empire, which kept northern India politically united for more than a century. • The Guptas are believed to be feudatories of the Kushans. They are most likely Vaishyas in origin, and they ruled over fertile parts of the madhyadesha, that is, anuganga (the middle Gangetic basin), saketa (modern Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh), and Magadha (mostly Bihar). • Prayag (modern Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh) was probably their important centre of power, which, due to its strategic location, further aided in the expansion of the empire. • The Guptas could easily exploit the iron ore deposits of central India and southern Bihar, and also took advantage of their proximity to the areas of north India which carried on silk trade with the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman empire). • ‘Garuda’ was probably their state seal. • Historians often consider the Gupta period as the ‘Golden age’ of India’s past as it is often remembered for certain key classical features, such as • The political unification of a large part of the subcontinent under a mostly centralised government.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper 11 Politico-Social and Administrative History of Ancient India
    DDCE/History (M.A)/SLM/Paper-11 Politico-Social and Administrative History of Ancient India (1st Cent. B.C to 8th Cent. A.D) By Dr. Binod Bihari Satpathy 0 CONTENT POLITICO-SOCIAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE HISTORY OF ANCIENT INDIA (1ST CENT. B.C TO 8TH CENT. A.D) Unit.No. Chapter Name Page No Post Mouryan Society and Economy in India. 1. Foreign invasion and rules- Indo-Bactrian, Indo-Parthians and the 2-22 Sussanian: Impact and significance of foreign intrusion into India. 2. Social Condition- Religious developments: Rise of Mahayana Unit-I. Buddhism, Development of art and Architecture ( Gandhara, 23-37 Mathura, Central India and Vengi School of Art). 3. Economic condition- Contact with other world, Monetization of 38-49 economy. The Age of Gupta. 1. The Guptas: Sources of Gupta History; Origin of the Gupta, Foundation and Consolidation of the Gupta Empire: Chandragupta- 50-73 I, Samudragupta and Chandragupta-II. Unit-II 2. Gupta Empire- Administration and Decline of the Gupta Dynasty. 74-84 3. Society and Economy: Development of literature, Science and Technology, Art and Architecture, Religion and Economic 85-99 conditions, Indian polity in the Post Gupta Era. 1. Post-Gupta Period, Pushybhuti: Harshavardhana: Sources and 100-108 Achievements. Unit-III. 2. Chalukya of Badami: Pulakesin-II- Achievements, Chalukyan Art 109-139 and Architecture. 3. Pallavas- Polity, Administration, Society and Art. 140-154 General review of the period from 1st Century to 8th Century A.D. 1. Arab Invasion of Sind- consequences. 155-167 2. General review of Social and economic developments:- Social Unit-IV. Structure and institutions, Caste System, Position of women, 168-178 Education and learning in Ancient India.
    [Show full text]