National Commitee on - Relations

Special Ground- In Memoriam: Section: Breaking Visit Lucian Pye Celebrating on Human Thirty Years of Rights U.S.-China Diplomatic Relations

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National Committee Gala Honors Business, Government Leaders

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Winter, 2008-2009 Volume 35, Number 2 issues to lay the foundation for the A Message from the President next thirty years. In our meetings yesterday with President Hu and Vice President Xi Jinping, and in ’s speech to all of us, we 2 In place of a letter from me, what Advisor Brzezinski, Secretary Vance heard about moving Sino-American follows are excerpts from an address and many others, even though their relations to a new, higher plane. I I gave in this January at decisions were clearly in the national strongly agree but believe this will a seminar commemorating the interest of the United States. But only happen if our leaders exercise thirtieth anniversary of the establish- President Nixon and Secretary the leadership that was exercised by ment of diplomatic relations Kissinger, and President Carter and President Carter and Deng Xiaoping between China and the United Dr. Brzezinski led, and we succeeded thirty years ago. States. More information on the in our task. The strategic mistrust that so event may be found on page 5. Today, leadership must prevail often seeps into discussions needs to ______again. We can only jointly confront be dissipated. The seed of that the economic and financial crisis, mistrust is America’s relations with

NOTES The first observation is that the terrorism, global warming, environ- . But cross-Strait relations positive emotion in this room has mental degradation, health threats, have fundamentally changed and will really been very moving. Everybody energy security, and proliferation of continue to do so. This past here has given a part of their life to weapons of mass destruction Saturday I flew non-stop from U.S.-China relations and it shows. (WMD) if our leaders exercise lead- to Beijing, a trip I waited thirty- Cover: What is crystal clear from this ership. seven years to take. U.S. policy (l to r) conference is that thirty-seven years In seven days, a president with a needs to adapt to the new reality. National ago when Dr. Kissinger led us here, different view of the world from Our president needs to unequivo- Committee and thirty years ago when President President Bush and a different view cally state that closer President Carter established diplomatic rela- of America’s role in the world is Taiwan-Mainland relations are in the Stephen tions, leadership prevailed! The going to be inaugurated. His interests of the United States, that Orlins, wisdom of our leaders and the work approach to global issues has more in the United States supports progress National of many of those in this room laid the common with China’s approach than on these issues and a peaceful reso- Committee foundation for the strong and vibrant our current president. So coopera- lution of cross-Strait differences. In Director relations that we have today. As a tion on the issues I just mentioned the early days of the Obama admin- Maurice R. young lawyer in the State is naturally going to become easier. istration, China should unilaterally Greenberg, Department, I was stunned by the But both China and the United reduce military deployments across PRC vehemence of the criticism of States need to go beyond these the Taiwan Strait and continue down Ambassador to President Carter, National Security issues and the status quo on other the path that President Hu laid out the United in his speech on December 31, States Zhou 2008.. Wenzhong and Military to military contacts and Ambassador cooperative efforts in the military Yesui, area between the United States and Permanent China must be increased and plan- Representative ning needs to be more transparent. of China to I agree with General Xiong that we the U.N. need to remove the legislative restrictions on military to military Photo: Elsa Ruiz contacts. On the economic front, as State Councilor Dai said minutes ago, both sides need to stick with their oppo- sition to protectionist solutions to the economic crisis. But China needs to do it a little bit differently. It needs to use some of the two tril- lion USD in reserves to raise the standard of living of its people and National Committee President Stephen Orlins addressing the Beijing invigorate the economies of its trad- conference celebrating thirty years of U.S.-China diplomatic relations continued on page 6 July 2006 and has served as the Gala Honors Business, leader of the U.S. delegation to the U.S.-China Strategic Economic Dialogue (SED) since its inception Government Leaders in 2006. The SED has initiated work 3 on central policy issues that include investment, energy and environmen- tal cooperation, and food and NOTES product safety. Secretary Paulson has traveled to China more than sixty times over the course of his public service and private sector careers. Duncan L. Niederauer joined NYSE Euronext in April 2007. Under his leadership, NYSE Euronext became the first non- Chinese exchange to open a representative office in Beijing and increased its number of listed companies from Greater China to fifty-seven, representing a market capitalization of more than $1 tril- lion. Duncan Niederauer and NYSE National Committee President Stephen Orlins, NYSE Euronext CEO Euronext were presented with two and Director Duncan Niederauer, Secetary of the Treasury Henry M. works by prominent Chinese- Paulson, Jr. and National Committee Carla A. Hills American artist Weihong, which will be displayed at the New York Stock Treasury Secretary Henry M. markets, economic relations with Exchange. Paulson, Jr. and NYSE Euronext China and the U.S.-China Strategic The annual gala is an important Chief Executive Officer and Economic Dialogue were covered by source of unrestricted funds for the Director Duncan Niederauer were more than seventy journalists from National Committee’s programs. honored for their work with China at thirty-five media outlets and The National Committee gratefully the National Committee gala dinner networks, including ABC, Bloomberg acknowledges the generous support on October 24, 2008, in New York TV, China Central Television, from companies and individuals City. Secretary Paulson delivered CNBC, CNN, C-SPAN and Fox which ensures the continuation of its the keynote address to the audience News. work toward constructive and of over 350 guests, and his remarks Secretary Paulson has led the durable U.S.-China relations. n on the global economy and financial Department of the Treasury since

Former Ambassador to China James U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Artist Weihong with former Sasser and Cheryl McQueen, direc- Henry M. Paulson, Jr. and PRC National Committee Director tor of the Office of China Ambassador to the United States Thomas Gorrie Economic Area, U.S. Department of Commerce Photos: Elsa Ruiz The National Committee Celebrates Thirty Years of U.S.-China Diplomatic Relations 4

This is a year of anniversaries. One of these is the thirtieth anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic rela- tions between the People’s Republic of China and the United States. The National Committee is celebrating that event by holding several related programs: in December, a panel comprised of all five of the living former American ambassadors to the PRC reminisced on the challenges of that job; in January, some of those most deeply involved in establishing and furthering the relationship met for a two-day conference in Beijing; also in January, National Committee President Stephen Orlins rang the New York Stock Exchange opening bell in celebration of three decades of U.S.-China diplomatic relations; and in April, Michael Blumenthal, former Secretary of the Treasury and a former National Committee chairman reflected on the financial issues involved in normalization and those our

NOTES two countries face today. The first three events are covered below. Once Upon a Time in Beijing

Former U.S. Ambassadors to China (l to r) , James Lilley, J. Stapleton Roy, James Sasser and Joseph Prueher with National Committee President Stephen Orlins at Once Upon a Time in Beijing Once Upon a Time in Beijing countless others during its airing administration and beyond. marked the first time that all five of over the next several weeks on National Committee President the living former ambassadors to C-SPAN. Stephen Orlins served as the moder- China appeared together on a Ambassadors Winston Lord ator. program. The panel discussion, cele- (serving in Beijing 1985-89), James Both the panel discussion and a brating the thirtieth anniversary of Lilley (1989-91), J. Stapleton Roy small dinner afterward were gener- the announcement of the establish- (1991-95), James R. Sasser (1996- ously underwritten by The New York ment of diplomatic relations 99), and Joseph Prueher (1999- Life Company. A video of the between the United States and 2001) candidly reflected on the chal- program may be viewed on the China, took place December 9, 2008, lenges, excitement, crises and National Committee web site at the New York Life Building in achievements of their tenures, and (www.ncuscr.org/programs/5ambas-

SPECIAL SECTION: THIRTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF U.S.-CHINA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS OF U.S.-CHINA ANNIVERSARY DIPLOMATIC SPECIAL SECTION: THIRTIETH New York. It was attended by over shared their insights on the future of sadors). n 200 people and then viewed by U.S.-China relations for the next current and former officials gath- Thirtieth Anniversary ered for the occasion gave speeches: these included former Vice Premier , former Celebration in Beijing State Councilor Tang Jiaxuan, 5 former Minister of Foreign Affairs Zhaoxing, Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the NOTES In mid-January 2009, a two-day Woodcock, the widow of our first Chinese People’s Political seminar was held in Beijing that Ambassador to the PRC, Leonard Consultative Conference Zhao brought together many of those Woodcock; former governor of Qizheng, former ambassador to the involved in the normalization of rela- Washington ; several United States and the United tions between China and the United former American Consuls General at Nations , Vice Minister States. The Chinese People’s various Consulates in China (includ- for Foreign Affairs He Yafei, former Institute of Foreign Affairs (CPIFA) ing Don Anderson and Dick ambassador to Germany and presi- and the Kissinger Institute on China Williams, who opened the dent of CPIFA Mei Zhaorong, and the United States were the Consulates in and former ambassador to Canada and sponsors, the National Committee Guangzhou respectively); Hank vice president of CPIFA Zhang was a co-sponsor and the U.S. Greenberg and other corporate lead- Wenpu, Chairman of the China Embassy in Beijing and the Chinese ers deeply involved in the Institute of International Strategic Ministry of Foreign Affairs provided relationship; and academics and Studies Xiong Guangkai, President THIRTIETH SECTION: SPECIAL DIPLOMATIC ANNIVERSARY U.S.-CHINA OF RELATIONS support. NGO leaders too numerous to list. of the Shanghai Institutes for The National Committee organ- President Carter attended the open- International Studies Yang Jiemian ized a stellar group that included ing ceremony of the conference as and Senior Fellow of Tsinghua former Secretary of State Henry well as other related programs University’s Center for China-U.S. Kissinger; former National Security mentioned below. Several of our Relations Zhou Shijian. Advisors Zbigniew Brzezinski and group gave speeches, which can be The American and Chinese Brent Scowcroft; former found on the National Com-mittee conference participants attended Ambassadors to China Winston Lord, web site (www.ncuscr.org/programs/ several ancillary programs, planned J. Stapleton Roy, James Sasser and 30th-beijing). to coincide with the conference. Joseph Prueher, along with Sharon Several of the many Chinese On Sunday afternoon, January 11,

Ribbon-cutting ceremony for the photo exhibit on thirty years of Sino-American relations: (l to r) former Ambassador to China Joseph Prueher, former National Security Advisor Brent Scowcroft, Ambassador to China Sandy Randt, Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, former National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski, Rosalynn Carter, President , PRC State Councilor Dai Bingguo, Vice-Chairman of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference ; between the Carters is Richard Williams, first U.S. Consul General in Guangzhou; behind President Carter is Edward Cox, husband of Patricia Nixon and son-in- law of President Nixon A Message From the President continued from page 2 ing partners. Importing goods and services such as nuclear power plants, scrubbers for coal-fired 6 plants, medical equipment, and many other goods and services accomplishes both of these goals. China’s effort should be massive and should be soon, so that it demon- strates early in the Obama administration that it is a good trad- ing partner and can be a cooperative strategic partner as well. Because, as the mistrust dissipates and the part- nership grows, cooperation on counterterrorism, proliferation of

NOTES WMD, global warming, North Korea, Former President Jimmy Carter and former Vice Premier Qian Qichen Iran and myriad other issues becomes easier. Don Q. Washington, Minister- events, can be found on the National But to get there, we all need to Counselor for Public Affairs, and Committee web site. make and carry out a New Year’s National Committee President Monday evening, CPAFFC and resolution. Everyone in this room Steven A. Orlins, hosted a reception CPIFA co-hosted a banquet at the helps shape the policies of our two for several hundred guests at the Great Hall of the People for several governments. During our meeting newly opened U.S. Embassy. As hundred guests – most of whom had with Vice President Xi yesterday, he noted by speakers Washington, been or currently are involved in the said, “We are in a critical time of Orlins and Ambassador Sandy Randt, U.S.-China relationship. Vice transition.” Dr. Brzezinski said in it was a wonderful opportunity for President Xi Jinping and President the meeting with President Hu that many old friends to see each other, Carter gave the keynote speeches. the economic crisis that we have now some after a lapse of several decades. Several members of the and regional disruptions in 2009 risk On Monday, Ambassador and American delegation had separate creating a geopolitical crisis. Mrs. Sandy Randt hosted a luncheon meetings with with President Hu They are right. During this crit- at their residence for all of the forty Jintao, Vice President Xi Jinping and ical transition period, we must all, plus members of the American dele- Premier , which foucsed and I mean every person in this gation the Committee had on the future development of Sino- room, redouble our efforts to ensure organized, plus President and Mrs. American relations. n that the next thirty years of U.S.- Carter and their delegation. China relations will be even better than the past thirty years. n

Immediately following lunch, the ______group attended the ribbon-cutting ceremony for a photo exhibit span- ning the years both before and since the two countries resumed relations. State Councilor Dai Bingguo offici- ated. The exhibit, put together by the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (CPAFFC), will travel to the United States later this year. The seminar itself began mid- afternoon, Monday, January 12, and continued through the next after- noon. While much reminiscing took place, several of the speakers discussed the prospects for future

SPECIAL SECTION: THIRTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF U.S.-CHINA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS OF U.S.-CHINA ANNIVERSARY DIPLOMATIC SPECIAL SECTION: THIRTIETH bilateral ties. The speeches, along Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, an interpreter and Vice with pictures of the three days of Minister of Foreign Affairs Dai Bingguo a market capitalization of $802 NCUSCR Pesident Rings billion that are listed on the New York Stock Exchange are emblematic of the economic integration of the NYSE Opening Bell two countries,” said Mr. Orlins. “As we celebrate the past, we need to 7 further improve this most important

relationship for the twenty-first NOTES The National Committee joined Kissinger (in his maiden voyage to century in order to deal with the the New York Stock Exchange in the Exchange); Ambassador Zhang problems that jointly confront our celebrating the thirtieth anniversary Yesui, China’s ambassador to the two nations.” NYSE Euronext of the establishment of diplomatic ; Ambassador Peng markets list a total of fifty-six compa- relations between the United States Keyu, China’s consul general in New nies from Greater China, and China with the ringing of the York; David Stern, commissioner of representing more than $1 trillion New York Stock Exchange opening the National Basketball Association; total market capitalization. bell by National Committee presi- Duncan Niederauer, CEO and direc- The opening bell ceremony was dent Stephen Orlins on January 5, tor, NYSE Euronext, Inc., and Jan seen by more than 100 million view- 2009. Steve found it ironic that Berris, vice president of the National ers on networks including CNBC, after decades in the financial sector, Committee. Fox, Bloomberg, China Central he should have this honor as the “We are celebrating how far the Television (CCTV) and Phoenix head of a non-profit organization. United States and China have come Television, and was covered by print THIRTIETH SECTION: SPECIAL DIPLOMATIC ANNIVERSARY U.S.-CHINA OF RELATIONS Joining Mr. Orlins at the podium together in the past three decades media including Associated Press, for the opening bell were former and the wisdom of those who laid Xinhua, China Daily and People’s Secretary of State and National the foundation for this relationship. Daily. CCTV replayed the event on Committee director Dr. Henry The forty-five PRC companies with its main evening news at 7:00 p.m. n

At the New York Stock Exchange opening bell podium (l to r): National Committee Vice President Jan Berris; former Secretary of State and National Committee Director Dr. Henry Kissinger; NYSE Euronext CEO and Director Duncan Niederauer; National Committee President Stephen Orlins; Ambassador , Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations; Ambassador Peng Keyu, Consul General in New York; and David Stern, Commissioner of the National Basketball Association Photo: NYSE Euronext national Studies, the National Ground-Breaking Visit Democratic Institute and the International Republican Institute. Mr. and the delegation also on Human Rights met with Fred Hiatt, editorial page 8 editor and member of the Washington Post editorial board, and John Norris, the acting assistant The National Committee hosted grandfather, , was a secretary of state for Asia and Pacific a ground-breaking visit to the United confidant of Mao Zedong and affairs. States by a ten-person delegation became the first vice premier of the At Harvard University’s Fairbank focusing on human rights, philan- newly founded People’s Republic in Center for Chinese Studies, Mr. thropy and economics. Led by Vice 1949; his father, Huang Jingwu, grad- Huang delivered an address on Premier Huang Mengfu, chairman of uated from Harvard University with issues affecting human rights in the China Foundation for Human an M.A. in economics. China, including developments in Rights Development, the group was China’s political system and govern- in the United States (New York, ment, economic and rural-urban

NOTES Washington, D.C., and Boston) “The current degree of disparities and the unique challenges November 16 - 24, 2008; they were China’s demorcracy, of balancing reform with stability in accompanied by National freedom and opening-up the world’s most populous nation. Committee president Stephen He described three primary chal- Orlins and Ling Li, the Committee’s were unimaginable lenges that China is working to director for transnational programs. thirty years ago.” address that have a direct effect on The visit came at an opportune time, human rights issues: the fact that closely following China’s announce- China’s 1.3 billion population greatly ment that it is drafting a national In New York, the delegation met magnifies any economic or social action plan to protect human rights. with Human Rights Watch executive problems; the continued existence In addition to his role at the director Kenneth Roth; National of a historical divide in income and Foundation, Mr. Huang is vice chair- Committee director Maurice R. living standards between rural and man of the Chinese People’s Political Greenberg, chairman of C.V. Starr & urban residents, and from one region Consultative Conference, China’s Co. and chairman of the Starr of China to another; and the fact that top legislative advisory body, and Foundation, which has a long history currently about half of the Chinese chairman of the All-China Federation of philanthropy in China; National population do not have social secu- of Industry and Commerce, where Committee director Jerome Cohen rity, pension, unemployment he has been instrumental in the at the Council on Foreign Relations; insurance or adequate medical and development of China’s non-public Ford Foundation president Luis A. health care services. economic sectors. Mr. Huang’s Ubiñas; Rockefeller Foundation Mr. Huang also offered a nuanced president Judith Rodin; and Citi perspective on the development of Foundation Director Michael human rights policy in China, culmi- Schlein, who is also president of nating with the current work taking Citigroup International Franchise place on a national action plan. “The Management. Peter Scher, execu- current degree of China’s democracy, tive vice president of global freedom and opening-up were government relations and public unimaginable thirty years ago,” he policy at JPMorgan Chase hosted a said. He also noted that while dinner for Mr. Huang at its head- outside advocates for improved quarters. Mr. Huang also met with human rights in China are well- editorial board members of both the intentioned, China must address Wall Street Journal and The New these issues in a manner fitting to its York Times. own society. “Take America’s efforts Meetings in Washington, D.C., to gain equal rights for black people, were held with the president and for example,” he said. “From the Vice Premier Huang Mengfu, chair- senior officials of various think tanks Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 man of the China Foundation for and organizations: the Brookings to Martin Luther King’s famous Human Rights Development, at Institution, the Carnegie Endow- speech I Have a Dream in 1963 and Harvard’s Fairbank Center for ment for International Peace, the finally to the election of the first Chinese Studies Center for Strategic and Inter- continued on page 10 On June 18, 2008, the National National Committee Hosts Committee co-hosted a dinner in Washington, D.C., in honor of Wang Qishan, Vice Premier of the State Senior Chinese Leaders Council of the People’s Republic of China. Coming as an informal 9 conclusion to the fourth round of the

U.S.-China Strategic Economic NOTES Dialogue (SED), the event provided an occasion for Vice Premier Wang and U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Henry Paulson to give public addresses on the progress of the SED. Vice Premier Wang chose to forgo his prepared speech and, in his “from the heart directly to the mouth” remarks, he thanked Americans for their sympathy and support in the wake of the Wenchuan earthquake, warned of the dangers of protection- ism, highlighted China’s commitment to reform, pushed for cooperation in tackling international problems, and encouraged the American business community and others to seize the opportunities Premier Wen Jiabao and National Committee chair Carla A. Hills in provided by the latest round of the New York SED. A transcript of his talk may be Photo: Michael Seto found on the Committee web site During a three-month period in held during Premier Wen’s visit to (www.ncuscr.org/programs/vice- 2008, the National Committee co- New York City for the opening of the premier-wang). hosted events honoring two of United Nations General Assembly. The dinner was attended by over China’s most senior leaders: Premier A delegation of senior Chinese offi- 500 guests, including the secretaries Wen Jiabao and Vice Premier Wang cials, who were in New York with of Agriculture, Commerce, and Qishan. Premier Wen, also attended: Yang Labor. Vice Premier Wang’s delega- Premier Wen Jiabao delivered an Jiechi, Minister of Foreign Affairs; tion included ten Chinese ministers address on Sino-American relations Zhang Ping, Minister of the National and heads of major financial institu- to more than 500 guests at a lunch- Development and Reform Com- tions. n eon held in his honor by the National mission; Xie Fuzhan, Minister of the Committee and the US-China State Council’s research office; Zhou Business Council in New York on Wenzhong, Chinese ambassador to September 23. National Committee the United States; and Wang Chair Carla Hills, U.S. Secretary of Guangya, Chinese ambassador to the Labor Elaine Chao, former Secretary UN. of State and National Committee In his remarks, Premier Wen Director Henry Kissinger and US- highlighted the progress in Sino- China Business Council Director American relations since his last visit Gregory Brown made remarks at the in 2003, and noted in particular the event. New York Governor David increased mutual trust, closer Paterson, former Secretary of State economic ties and growing collabora- Madeleine Albright and other digni- tion on issues of shared concern. taries also met with Premier Wen at Video and transcripts of Premier a pre-luncheon reception. Wen’s remarks are available on the The event, which was attended National Committee web site by business leaders, academics, (www.ncuscr.org/programs/premier- Vice Premier Wang Qishan in policy makers and diplomats, was wen). Washington, D.C. Photo: Kaveh Sardari provide the basis for a working rela- Strategic Security Issues tionship for important issues such as Iran, North Korea and climate change, among others of major Delegation importance. 10 A final report of the 2008 delega- tion is available on the National Committee’s web site. n This year marks a decade that Chairperson Tsai Ing-wen. The ______the National Committee has been delegation also visited Kinmen Ground-Breaking Visit on working with the Preventive Island—the Quemoy of Cold War Human Rights Defense Project to conduct annual fame—just a few thousand yards off continued from page 8 Track II dialogues among senior the mainland coast, and discussed its leaders from the United States, economic and defense issues with black president this year, human Mainland China and Taiwan on the island’s magistrate and its mili- rights development in the United cross-Strait issues, U.S.-China rela- tary commander. States has also undergone a long

NOTES tions and northeast Asian security. In Beijing, the delegation met process.” Transcripts of Mr. Huang’s The 2008 Strategic Security Issues with key Chinese officials at the speech, in English and Chinese, are Delegation to the People’s Republic Central Military Commission, available on the National Committee of China and Taiwan, which ran from including General Xu Caihou, Major web site (www.ncuscr.org/programs/ June 22 to July 1, 2008, took place General Chen Xiaogong, and human-rights). during a time of unprecedented Lieutenant General Ma Xiaotian, as The visit by Mr. Huang and the opportunity in cross-Strait relations, well as President of the Association delegation helped to forge new rela- and resulted in several productive for Relations across the Taiwan tionships and initiate important developments. Straits (ARATS) Mr. Chen Yunlin, dialogue on human rights issues The Preventive Defense Project and Lt. General Liu Chengjun at the between the China Foundation for is a collaborative effort of Stanford Academy of Military Science (AMS). Human Rights Development and and Harvard Universities, and is co- A two-day Track II seminar included leading American foundations, chaired by former Secretary of intensive dialogues with Foreign human rights organizations and jour- Defense Dr. William Perry of Ministry officials, PLA officers and nalists at a time of new Stanford and Dr. Ashton Carter of academics. The Americans were developments in China’s human the John F. Kennedy School of united in encouraging interlocutors rights policies. The Foundation Government at Harvard. The dele- (at individual meetings and the hopes to establish an annual forum in gation also included National seminar) to develop a timely, posi- China on philanthropy and human Committee president Stephen tive response to the window of rights and Mr. Huang viewed his trip Orlins, vice president Jan Berris and, opportunity provided by the new here as an opportunity to gain ideas among others, National Committee administration in Taipei. to make that project a success. n members Dr. Kurt Campbell, Dr. In both Taiwan and mainland ______David M. Lampton, Dr. Evan China, the delegation proposed a Medeiros and Ambassador Joseph step by step division of bilateral Prueher. issues to be addressed, from The group visited Taiwan and economic matters, to political issues Mainland China just one month after and international space, to security the inauguration of President Ma issues. This framework for ongoing Members’ Bookshelf Ying-jeou, whose administration has engagement resonated with both pledged closer economic ties and sides. A complete listing of books improved relations with the Since the trip, the governments and special reports by Mainland. In Taiwan the group met of mainland China and Taiwan have National Committee with President Ma, Vice President made progress in improving rela- members is available on the Vincent Siew, National Security tions. However, taking steps toward National Committee web Council Secretary General Su Chi, comprehensive agreements remain site: www.ncuscr.org/ourre- Defense Minister Chen Chao-min, critical during this window of oppor- sources/members-bookshelf Foreign Minister Francisco Ou and tunity. Tangible progress on Vice Minister Andrew Hsia, cross-Strait issues will have an Chairperson of the Mainland Affairs impact not only on Mainland - Council Lai Shin-yuan, KMT Taiwan relations, but will also influ-

Chairman Wu Poh-hsiung, and DPP ence U.S.-China relations, and ______programs was a four-day homestay in Chinese Policy Leaders Washington, D.C., where partici- pants were generously hosted by National Committee members and Orientation Program friends. This provided a valuable 11 opportunity for the groups to experi- ence firsthand how American

families live, while interacting with NOTES In the 1990s the National Pennsylvania, to study the workings them in an informal setting. As Committee conducted several of state government. Zhang Huixun, first secretary at the “Consular Orientation Programs,” While those in the U.S.-based Consulate-General in Chicago designed to give young Chinese group have all lived in the United described it: “Homestay is the high- diplomats posted to the United States for a minimum of a year, and light of the program and is very States the opportunity to learn more many for several years, they have not interesting and creative. It helps us about American history, politics and had many opportunities to interact to know the daily life of the ordinary contemporary society through a two- with Americans outside of their American people and to have in- week study program. Support from professional spheres. This program depth discussions on all kinds of the Starr Foundation in 2007 provides them with vital professional issues with them.” During the days enabled us to resume and expand and personal links to American soci- in Washington, the focus of the this offering, now called the Policy ety. “I knew of most of the meetings was on the working of the Leaders Orientation Program. organizations this program covers, federal government, although there ______but never met officials in person or were opportunities to learn about visited the physical venue of them,” other areas of governance. The 2008 Policy Leaders Wang Luo, first secretary at the One of the most productive Orientation Program provided two Consulate-General in Los Angeles, meetings in Washington for the groups of promising young Chinese noted. “So I now know how they Chinese diplomats was the Foreign officials and diplomats with an inten- function, how much they are rele- Service Institute, where they had sive two-week introduction to vant to my work, and whom to the chance to look at the facilities for American politics, history, culture contact when I need to.” consular training, sit in on several and society that will help inform In Williams-burg, the groups classes and meet their counterparts. their work and enhance interactions gained a firsthand perspective of the In Philadelphia, the group spent with their American counterparts. conditions that shaped early time with researchers at the Foreign The first group, of China-based offi- American society at Colonial Policy Research Institute to explore cials from several different ministries Williamsburg, the Jamestown settle- its role in educating the American and agencies, including the ment and the College of William and public about U.S. foreign policy; The Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Mary, where they attended lectures Philadelphia Inquirer, where they Culture; the National Development covering the origins of the American met with senior journalists and and Reform Commission; the political system and roots of learned about the working of the People’s Bank of China; the General American foreign policy. In a similar U.S. media; and, the highlight there, Administration of Quality Super- historic vein, the visit to Gettysburg enjoyed dinner, informative conver- vision, Inspection and Quarantine; a few days later gave participants a sation and a concert by a Chinese and the Chinese People’s Institute vital sense of this pivotal Civil War pianist at the home of long-time of Foreign Affairs (the Committee’s battle while exploring the historical National Committee member Chinese counterpart for this project) context of the war and of President Woody Goldberg and his wife Susan, was in the United States November Lincoln and his legacy. “The trips to herself an accomplished musician. 30 - December 13, 2008. The second Williamsburg and Gettysburg were Also in Philadelphia, the group portion of the program, for U.S.- especially interesting to me,” said learned about the formation and based Chinese diplomats from the Ding Li, an attaché at the foundations of the American political Embassy, the five consulates and the Consulate-General in Chicago. system on visits to the National PRC Mission to the United Nations, “They were just like living history Constitution Center and historic was held January 4 - 17, 2009. lessons, and I could look back areas of the city. The itinerary for both groups hundreds of years to witness the New York afforded both groups a included Williamsburg, Washington, foundation and development of the variety of programs: a visit to the D.C., Gettysburg and New York. United States, and thus better New York Stock Exchange for an The U.S.-based diplomats also understand the current American overview of the U.S. financial visited Philadelphia, while the group society.” system; an exploration of the issues from China visited Harrisburg, The centerpiece of both continued on page 16 Policy,” delivered by long-time Foreign Policy Colloquium National Committee member Casimir Yost, the director and a professor at the Institute for the Educates Chinese Students Study of at Georgetown 12 University (and son of former National Committee president and chairman Charles Yost). A listing of The sixth annual U.S. Foreign Senator and Governor of Virginia the other speakers can be found on Policy Colloquium (FPC), held in Charles Robb, former Attorney the National Committee web site Washington, D.C., June 4-7, offered General and Pennsylvania Governor (www.ncuscr.org/programs/fpc). an inside view of American foreign Richard Thornburgh, and journalist The site visit component of the policy from foremost scholars, busi- Ted Koppel. program gave participants a hands-on nesspeople and government officials perspective of U.S. foreign policy to 150 outstanding students from implementation. In grouups of ten, the People’s Republic of China “These students, among the the students visited a variety of

NOTES currently studying in graduate best and the brightest of governmental, business and programs at American universities. China, will help shape nonprofit institutions. Among them were the Departments of Com- “These students, among the best China’s understanding of and the brightest of China, will help merce, Defense and State; the shape China’s understanding of America’s foreign policy. Congressional Research Service; the America’s foreign policy,” said Their experience at this Senate and House committees National Committee president program will pay dividends responsible for foreign affairs; the Stephen Orlins. “Their experience for U.S.-China relations for National Security Council and the U.S. Trade Representative; the at this program will pay dividends for decades to come.” U.S.-China relations for decades to Coca-Cola Company; and Human come.” Rights Watch, the Center for Organized jointly by the National Strategic and International Studies, Committee and the Elliott School of The opening night keynote the Friends Committee on National International Affairs at The George address, “China as an Issue in the Legislation and the U.S. Council for Washington University, the FPC 2008 Elections,” was given by noted International Business. FPC partic- gave participants an in-depth under- political commentator Norm ipants appreciated the opportunity standing of the complex influences Ornstein and made for a lively to have their individual questions that shape American foreign policy beginning to the two-and-a-half day addressed patiently and thoughtfully through lectures, panels, site visits colloquium. Thought-provoking at the site visits, and the popularity and direct interaction with speakers presentations continued throughout, of this portion of the Colloquium who included Assistant Secretary of with one of the most well-received was evident at the report out session State Christopher Hill, former being “The Making of U.S. Foreign on the institutions and their foreign policy roles. As in past years, the FPC’s combination of panels, distinguished speakers and site visits with front- line policy makers provided an exceptional perspective on American foreign policy to a large group of promising Chinese students. The National Committee and all of the participants are most appreciative of the generosity of the American International Group, Inc., the Coca- Cola Company and the Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc., whose support made this successful program possible. n

Foreign Policy Colloquium participants with Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Christopher Hill him so special, so stimulating and so In Memoriam: much fun to be around – are appar- ent in his correspondence with National Committee staff over the Lucian W. Pye years: his letters are filled with thought provoking, intellectually 13 probing content and with his sly wit.

In one, commenting on the fact that NOTES at a board meeting the discussion had focused on Congress rather than the administration he wrote: “Wasn’t it strange that we never talked about how to influence people in the administration who have the responsibilities of making policy. I kept wanting to say that this admin- istration has a ‘dream team’ for China policy – they all seem to be walking in their sleep.” The most famous National Committee anecdote about Lucian comes from his participation in the board’s first delegation to China, in 1972. As he wrote in a monograph by Jan Berris of that trip, China Revisited: “We were taken out to the new Arts and Lucian Pye, one of a group of After graduating college, Lucian Handicrafts factory, which our wonderful men who took time from joined the Marines, finding himself escorts on occasion called an their families and professional lives at the end of the war back in Beijing Institute…I quite innocently caused to establish and nurture the as an intelligence officer with the a great deal of agitation. Without National Committee, died in 5th Marine regiment…and looking thinking of any political ramifica- September at the age of 86. for Peking Man. Unfortunately tions, I expressed my longstanding His lifelong love of and interest neither he (nor anyone else) ever curiosity as to why it is, throughout in China stemmed from his birth found them. Lucian’s theory was the world, that we have not in mid into a family of educational mission- that they had been inadvertently 20th century been able to match the aries in the city of Fenzhou in Shanxi ground up for Chinese medicine. wonderful craftsmanship of the 17th Province in 1921. Home-schooled Obtaining his Ph.D. from Yale century. As I said, we in the West through the fourth grade he and working there and at Princeton can’t make violins or furniture as completed his primary education in for a few years, he moved to MIT in they once were, and in China, it is Oberlin, Ohio, returning to China 1956, before it even had a political impossible to match the Ch’ien-lung with his family in 1936 and finishing science department, and remained period, to say nothing of the Sung high school at an American school there for over 50 years. His passion and Ming. Our hosts were horrified near Beijing during the Japanese throughout his illustrious career was and told me that I was wrong, and occupation. He went to Carleton comparative politics and the explo- that the Institute works surpassed College in 1943, where he met his ration of the psychological and the old. I accepted my chastisement beloved wife Mary, a true partner, cultural differences that help explain as gracefully as I could but when bearing their three children, collab- why politics differ so greatly from they kept it up as we visited room orating on several of his books, and one country to another. after room, I finally had to shut them generously sharing him not just with Lucian was a big man – in body, up by saying that I was prepared to the Committee, but with the many in spirit, in intellectual curiosity, and buy all the genuine Ch’ien-lungs other institutions to which he in generosity. His had an original they had at the price they charged devoted his time and intellect – the mind that was devoid of malice or for their current ‘superior’ products. Universities Service Centre in Hong pride, a wonderful love of life and an Thereafter there was no more silli- Kong, the American Political Science irrepressible sense of humor; he was ness about how socialism, or for that Association, the Social Science also thoroughly honest, a character- matter, capitalism, was able to Research Council and the Asia istic that sometimes translated into surpass what feudalism was clearly Foundation, among others. bluntness. These traits – that made best at.” continued on page 19 of crucial importance to the two National Committee Hosts countries and to the overall relation- ship: economics and trade, security and politics, and climate change. China Policy Conference The sessions began with comments 14 from a panel consisting of a chair, the writer of a background paper (distributed to participants prior to In July 2008, the National two-day conference held at the the conference), and two discus- Committee brought together thirty Aspen Wye River Conference sants; however, the majority of time of the best minds on various aspects Centers in Queenstown, Maryland, was spent in very lively discussion of of China and several specialists in took a hard-nosed look at the major the various issues. other areas for a synergistic, cross- dimensions of American relations The very informative background cutting discussion of some of the with China over the next decade and papers are available on the National major challenges facing China and focused on our long-term interests Committee’s web site (www.ncuscr. the United States and what the best rather than the immediate problems org/programs/global-agenda).

NOTES policies might be to enhance cooper- that tend to dominate such discus- The following are some of the ation and ameliorate conflict over sions. key themes that emerged from the them. “China, the United States The conference centered around discussions: and the Emerging Global Agenda,” a three major sessions, each on a topic • The United States needs to

China, the United States and the Emerging Global Agenda Conference Participants July 13 - 15, 2008

Jan Berris Jerome Cohen Charles Freeman Vice President Law Professor, Freeman Chair in China Studies National Committee on United New York University Center for Strategic and International States-China Relations Co-Director Studies U.S.-Asia Law Institute Admiral Dennis Blair Adjunct Senior Fellow for Asia John Garver John M. Shalikashvili Chair in Council on Foreign Relations Professor National Security Studies Sam Nunn School of International Affairs National Bureau of Asian Research Robert Daly Georgia Institute of Technology Director Deborah Brautigam Institute for Global Chinese Affairs Bonnie Glaser Associate Professor University of Maryland Senior Associate School of International Service Freeman Chair in China Studies American University Erica Downs and Pacific Forum China Energy Fellow Center for Strategic and International Mary Bullock John L. Thornton China Center Studies Distinguished Visiting Professor of Brookings Institution China Studies Trevor Houser David Doniger Director Senior Scholar Policy Director Energy and Climate Practice Woodrow Wilson International Natural Resource Defense Council Rhohdium Group Center for Scholars Climate Center Scott Kennedy Michael Chase Bay Fang Associate Professor Assistant Professor Diplomatic Correspondent Departments of Political Science and U.S. Naval War College Chicago Tribune East Asian Languages & Cultures (Rapporteur) Director Taylor Fravel Research Center for Chinese Politics Cecil and Ida Green Career and Business Development Associate Professor Indiana University of Political Science M.I.T. • Progress in cross-Strait relations is a huge strategic opportunity but one subject to many potential diffi- culties, and the United States should thus actively support further 15 improvements in cross-Strait rela- tions.

• Energy and environmental NOTES issues – particularly global climate change – represent important oppor- tunities for U.S.-China cooperation. • The United States must continue to press China on the Participants of the July, 2008, conference “China, the United States and persistence of human rights prob- the Emerging Global Agenda” in Queenstown, Maryland lems, compliance issues and other problematic “old” issues. n invest in its own human capital and • Washington and Beijing need to physical infrastructure to be confi- develop a stable strategic nuclear dent vis-à-vis China and the rest of relationship in the context of mili- the world. tary modernization.

David M. Lampton Stephen Orlins Orville Schell Dean of Faculty President Arthur Ross Director George and Sadie Hyman Professor of National Committee on United States- Center on U.S.-China Relations China Studies China Relations Asia Society Director China Studies Program Elise Owen Bruce Stokes Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced Representative for China Affairs International Economics Columnist International Studies American National Standards Institute National Journal Johns Hopkins University Dwight Perkins Shang-Jin Wei Nicholas Lardy Harold Hitchings Burbank Research N.T. Wang Professor of Chinese Senior Fellow Professor of Political Economy Business and Economy Peterson Institute for International Harvard University Professor of Finance and Economics Economics Columbia University Shelley Rigger Mark Levine Brown Professor of East Asian Politics Stephen Yates Former Director Davidson College President Environmental Division D.C. Asia Advisory Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Alan D. Romberg Distinguished Fellow and Director of Kenneth Lieberthal the East Asia Program William Davidson Professor of Business Henry L. Stimson Center Administration Ross School of Business Phillip C. Saunders Arthur F. Thurnau Professor of Political Senior Research Fellow Science and Distinguished Fellow Institute for National Strategic Studies William Davidson Institute National Defense University University of Michigan Chinese Policy Leaders China Briefing for Orientation Program continued from page 11 of poverty and homelessness at the U.S. Air Force Officers ______Doe Fund; and a visit to the Tribute 16 WTC Visitor Center, where they met with individuals personally affected by the events of 9/11 through the The National Committee contin- Brookings Institution fellow Cheng museum’s innovative “Person to ued its initiative to educate Li, who spoke about China’s leader- Person History” program. The U.S.- next-generation members of the ship. Other topics included China’s based diplomats attended an military about China with a four-day environmental, energy and health excellent discussion on the current briefing for mid-career officers of the issues (Ray Cheung of World financial crisis with National U.S. Air Force September 2 - 5, 2008. Resources, Inc., Josh Logan of the Committee director Keith Abell, The genesis of the military briefings ’ Congressional chairman of the China Interactive project was a suggestion from former Research Service and Susan Media Group; a discussion about the

NOTES National Committee Director Lawrence of Tobacco Free Kids); U.S. educational system at New York Dennis Blair, Admiral USN (Ret.) economics and business (Hank University; and a session at the and now the director of national Levine of Stonebridge, Bert Keidel Julliard School that focused on its intelligence. He noted that while he of the Carnegie Endowment for community outreach programs. The is very familiar with military and International Peace and Drew China-based group also visited the security issues pertaining to China, Thompson of the Nixon Center); Schomburg Center for Research in knowledge about other aspects of cross-Strait issues (Shelley Rigger of Black Culture for an informative the PRC would have improved his Davidson College), research and discussion on race in America; The work when he was responsible for development (Denis Simon of New York Times for a discussion on U.S. forces in the Pacific Command. Pennsylvania State University) and how the American media reports on Building on the success of the rule of law (James Feinerman from China, with National Committee initial briefing for U.S. Naval officers Georgetown Law School). member Joseph Kahn, deputy held in late 2007, the National The Committee is currently in foreign editor and former Beijing Committee contacted the Air Force, discussions with the U.S. Army bureau chief. Both groups rounded where the program was quickly about a similar briefing for that out their visit to New York with a approved by General T. Michael branch of the service and may put much-appreciated evening at Moseley, the chief of staff. The together a joint trip to China for “Phantom of the Opera.” Airman Development Office, which participants from all three of the The Policy Leaders Orientation is responsible for all Air Force train- military briefings. Program is supported through the ing, assembled an outstanding group This project is generously generosity of the Starr Foundation. of officers, including brigadier gener- supported by funding from the Starr The program will continue to als, major generals and colonels who Foundation. n provide a link to American society for came from bases around the globe. promising Chinese officials who Through intensive presentations expect to be dealing with Sino- and question-and-answer sessions, American issues throughout their participants gained a wealth of careers. What they see and learn insights from top figures in the during the program contributes to China field, several of whom are improving mutual understanding National Committee directors: and relations between the two coun- Ambassador J. Stapleton Roy, vice tries. Participant Wang Yongqian, chairman of Kissinger Associates, secretary general of the Gansu who spoke about the challenges of Provincial Communist Youth being ambassador to China; Kenneth League, underscored the benefits of Lieberthal, professor of political the program to his work: “Whenever science and business administration I give reports, I always need to at the University of Michigan, who Briefing speaker Jeff Logan, a mention something about America. discussed China’s domestic chal- specialist in energy policy at the In the past, I would use what I lenges; David M. Lampton, director Congressional Research Service (l) learned from the Internet or the of the China Studies Program at speaking with Col. Manson Morris, media, but now I can talk about what Johns Hopkins University, who Vice Commander, 18th Wing, I saw and experienced on this study n covered China’s foreign policy; and Kadena Air Base, Japan ______tour.” and where the discoveries had led Young Leaders Forum: them since. Wang Jian Shuo, who blogs about all things Shanghai, described what he had discovered Discovery and Connection about himself after blogging daily for six straight years: that one has to 17 motivate oneself to experience life

and discover something new in the NOTES everyday; Nick Beim, a partner at a venture capital firm, focused on the importance of serendipity, and the promising directions in which acci- dental discoveries often lead; Pei Xiaofei, who now directs the climate change and environmental health division within the Department of Science, Technology and Standards at the Ministry of Environmental Protection, spoke about discovering the secrets to successful marriage and relationships (which, ironically, provided a jumping-off point for a discussion on divorce rates in both YLF 2008 attendees included (l to r): Pei Xiaofei (2008 fellow), Paul countries); and alumni fellow Adam Haenle (alumni fellow), Jennifer Dulski (2008 fellow) and Kim Ng Kaplin, a faculty member in the (2007 fellow) departments of psychiatry and neurology at Johns Hopkins School The 2008 Young Leaders Forum ing value of the program. of Medicine, spoke of his laboratory (YLF), a dynamic meeting of young, “The people you meet in the discoveries and the exciting prospect prominent Chinese and Americans program are either those you see on that they may lead to a cure for from a wide range of fields and TV, in magazines, or those who have multiple sclerosis. In the most inter- professions, was held in Snoqualmie, quietly achieved admirable results,” active presentation of the forum, Washington, from September 18 said YLF fellow Wang Jian Shuo, alumni fellow Damian Woetzel, a through 22, 2008. Representatives CEO of Baixing.com, China’s largest just-retired principal dancer with the from the Chinese People’s Institute classifieds website (a Chinese New York City Ballet, explained of Foreign Affairs (CPIFA), which version of Craigslist). “I enjoyed what he has discovered – the power partners with the Committee on the having the executive director of New of dance – by getting everyone out of Forum, and from the All-China Youth York’s Miller Theater helping me their seats and teaching them the Federation (ACYF) also attended the learn how music changes life, opening sequence of a Balanchine forum. discussing the importance of space ballet; the final “performance” Now in its seventh year, YLF is a technology with an American astro- included music. unique program that builds personal naut, debating about U.S. policy on “I was surprised by the openness and professional relationships among China with the National Security of the forum, which embraces differ- the next generation of leaders from Council’s China director, or getting ent opinions and ideas in a way that the United States and China. YLF insights about the Iraq war from a can hardly be seen in other interna- fellows, who must be under forty lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Air tional organizations,” said fellow years of age upon entering the Force who just got back from there. Jiang Li, vice president of ProLogis. program, are selected on the basis of It was both inspiring and life-chang- “Any topics of young people’s inter- their accomplishments, leadership ing.” est can be openly discussed. We potential and participation in civic The core of the forum is a series argue, but we don’t fight; we agree and international affairs. The of discussions focused on a central but also disagree. The exchange program is conducted in the United theme, which this year was about the topic of discovery in 2008 States and China in alternating “Discovery.” Fellows shared the was presented to us from different years. Fellows participate actively for most significant discoveries – both angles, which brings a richness and three years, and are then invited to personal and professional – that they depth of international perspectives.” return as alumni, which many do had made in their lives, what The forum also included presen- each year – a testament to the ongo- brought them to their discoveries, tations and panel discussions featuring interesting guest speakers. each of the fellows, and then China Business Council. The three Long-time National Committee addressed the group as a whole, of them discussed what actions the member Sidney Rittenberg shared giving particular focus to emerging new president of the United States his fascinating story of discovering economic issues in the United States will need to take to best serve U.S. purpose in his life, a process he and their relevance to Sino-American interests with respect to China in 18 refined through years of close associ- relations. the areas of business, diplomacy and ation with China’s leadership, A panel discussion, moderated by trade. Adding balance to the panel including and Mao National Committee president discussion, Ambassador Chen Zedong, and later through being in Stephen Orlins, included distin- Yonglong, vice president of CPIFA, solitary confinement for sixteen guished guests Joe Borich, the discussed the actions the Chinese years in a Chinese prison. Chinese executive director of the Washington leadership might take with the new and American fellows alike were State China Relations Council and administration, leading to an engag- deeply moved by his story and former consul general in Shanghai; ing discussion that offered a range of insights, and his extraordinary capac- National Committee director Nelson viewpoints. ity for forgiveness and resilience. Dong, a partner in the law firm A hallmark of YLF is the balance Congressman Rick Larsen, who Dorsey & Whitney, LLP, and a of intellectual and professional

NOTES co-chairs the Congressional U.S.- prominent specialist in international content with social and team-build- China Working Group and has twice technology and intellectual property ing activities that enable fellows to visited China with National licensing and U.S. export control; get to know one another from a Committee delegations (and whose and Dr. Robert Kapp, president of a different perspective and strengthen district is in nearby Everett, consulting firm focused on China, the YLF community. An exciting Washington) spoke individually with and former president of the US- river rafting trip (including a team-

YLF Fellows and Alumni at the 2008 Forum Nancy Lublin September 18 - 22, 2008 CEO, Do Something, Inc.

Lisa Anderson Matthew Isler Mark Lundstrom Vice President, Global Public Policy Lt. Colonel, U.S. Air Force CEO, BioScale Time Warner Inc. Jiang Li Kim Ng Nicholas Beim Vice President, ProLogis Assistant General Manager General Partner, Matrix Partners Los Angeles Dodgers Adam Kaplin Lee Carter Assistant Professor, Departments Gregg Pasquarelli Vice President of Psychiatry and Neurology Principal, SHoP Architects Luntz, Maslansky Strategic Research Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Pei Xiaofei Vishaan Chakrabarti Director of Climate Change Executive Vice President of Design Stacy Kenworthy and Environmental Health and Planning, Related Companies President and CEO Department of Science, Technology Fourth Quadrant Solutions and Standards Dalton Conley Ministry of Environmental Protection University Professor and Chair Verna Kuo Department of Sociology Director, Real Estate and Reihan Salam Acting Dean of Social Science Natural Resources Associate Editor, ; New York University The William and Flora Fellow, New America Foundation Hewlett Foundation Jennifer Dulski Todd Sigaty CEO and Co-founder, Centerd, Inc. Li Rong Founder, Village Focus International Co-founder and Vice President Ashish Gadnis 21st Century Business Herald Tang Haisong CEO and Co-founder Private Investor Forward Hindsight Liu Lei Wang Jian Shuo Paul Haenle CEO, Savor Media Group CEO, Baixing.com China Director Liu Tianyu National Security Council Deputy Division Director Wang Yang Auren Hoffman Liaoning Foreign Affairs Office General Manager Rabobank Nederland, China CEO, Rapleaf race), a wine tasting featuring wines from a Pacific Northwest vineyard, Special Congratulations donated by YLF alum and U.S. The National Committee would like to congratulate its Directors, Ambassador to Macedonia Philip members and those who have participated in our programs over the 19 Reeker and an evening in Seattle at years who have been tapped for senior jobs in the Obama a popular crab and seafood restaurant Administration. We wish them well in their important work over the added a warm counterpoint to the next few years. intensity of the panels and discus- NOTES sions. This was a particularly Mr. Jeffrey Bader Special Assistant to the President and Senior successful YLF program that created Director for Asian Affairs, National Security Council fertile professional and personal Admiral Dennis Blair (Board Member) Director of National connections that will ultimately Intelligence benefit both the United States and Dr. Ashton Carter Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, China as fellows continue their lead- Technology and Logistics ership roles on both sides of the Mr. Kurt Campbell Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia and Pacific. Pacific Affairs The National Committee grate- General Karl Eikenberry Ambassador to Afghanistan fully acknowledges the support of Ambassador Christopher Hill Ambassador to Iraq ACE, Ltd., Time Warner Inc. and Ambassador Richard Holbrooke (former Board Member) Special CPIFA for contributing to the Envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan continuing success of the Young Governor Gary Locke Secretary of Commerce Leaders Forum. n Dr. Derek Mitchell Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense Dr. Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall Special Assistant to the President Damian Woetzel and Senior Director for European Affairs, National Security Council Director General Eric Shinseki Secretary of Veterans Affairs Vail International Dance Festival; 2008 Artist in Residence In Memoriam: ing of our directors) and for a year as Aspen Institute Lucian W. Pye acting chairman. Even when he had continued from page 13 to rotate off the board for a year or Xiang Feng Lucian was a major force shaping so, the staff could always rely on him Director, Public Affairs, China, UPS American understanding of China, for thoughtful advice, creative ideas Yuan Ming plumbing the realm of thought to its and honest feedback; for giving talks depths and then applying that or attending conferences; for, along Director of External Affairs and Anchor Global News, Dragon TV knowledge to shaping a better world with Mary, hosting delegations and and a more constructive Sino- staff members at their lovely home Robert Yung American relationship. He was also filled with beautiful Chinese art; for Chief Technology Officer a major force shaping the National inspiring us to aim higher and be PMC-Sierra, Inc. Committee, serving on the board for better; and for making us laugh. We a total of 32 years (the longest serv- miss him greatly. n Zhai Kun Deputy Director, Institute of Asian and African Studies China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations

Zhang Bei Senior Vice President and Chief Representative for China ACE Limited

Zhao Min Chairman Adfaith Management Consulting Secretary of the ’s Central Committee greets members of the National Committee’s 1985 Distinguished Citizens’ Zhu Tong Dialogue. (l to r) A. Doak Barnett; Richard Solomon, Lucian Pye and Director, China Operations Michel Oksenberg; the Dialogue, begun in 1984, was the first Track II Deutsche Bank China exchange between China and the United States gnition Week and Presidential Student Leaders Exchange Scholars Award ceremony, held in Washington, D.C., and attended by all the Presidential Scholars. SLE to China participants had a two-day pre- 20 departure orientation. This included intensive briefings from scholars on China’s environment, education system, politics, economy, history and Sino-American relations. They also attended a reception in their honor at the Washington home of China’s Minister Counselor for Education and a dinner at the home of National Committee member Woody Goldberg and his wife, Susan.

NOTES The National Committee also ran a Master Teacher China Seminar, which provided an intensive intro- duction to China for the outstanding teachers chosen by the Presidential Scholars to accompany them to National Recognition Week. The educators appreciated the content SLE participant Devany Schulz leading a class at Beijing’s Dandelion provided by the exceptional panel of School for the children of migrant workers speakers, as well as the materials and books provided for further study. Now in its fifth year, the Student Colorado, and attends Harvard On their arrival in China, the Leaders Exchange (SLE) took a University. “For me, SLE was one students had a one-day orientation in group of twelve outstanding graduat- such event. I was transformed from Beijing, which included a visit to the ing American high school seniors on someone who didn’t have any inter- Temple of Heaven, an outstanding an intensive two-week study tour to est in China to someone who last discussion with China journalists China. They experienced facets of semester spent most of his time Jaime FlorCruz, CNN Beijing Chinese history, society and culture studying Chinese. As I pore over my bureau chief, and ABC News that ordinary visitors rarely see, while Chinese homework, I am still digest- producer and Beijing bureau forging new friendships and lasting ing the things I saw on the trip.” manager Chito Romana, and a meet- connections with China. From June Each year, the U.S. Department ing with a talented young Ministry of 26 through July 11, 2008, the group of Education designates 141 Environmental Protection official visited Beijing, Xi’an and Luoyang, outstanding graduating high school who had been a participant in the where traditional sightseeing was seniors nationwide as Presidential National Committee’s 2007 Policy augmented with diverse hands-on Scholars, and it is from this pool of Leaders Orientation Program. activities and briefings. A hallmark the most promising students in the The group’s visits to the of the program is that in each city country that applicants for SLE are Forbidden City, Longmen Grottoes, students stay with Chinese families drawn. This year’s SLE participants Great Wall and terracotta warriors with teenagers the same age. included young men and women were among the impressive historic Participants have credited the from all regions of the country and highlights of their introduction to program with inspiring them to learn Puerto Rico, with interests ranging China. The students were also more about China; already half of the from cartooning and medicine, to featured guests on the popular China 2008 group has gone on to take engineering, athletics and social Central Television (CCTV-1) talk university-level coursework on China activism. They have gone on to show “Us,” courtesy of Wall Street and a quarter of them will be return- attend schools across the United English, which is the exclusive spon- ing to China in the summer of 2009. States, including Arizona State, sor of the SLE program. The “Sometimes there is no way to Brown, Harvard, The New School, students gained more intimate anticipate how an event will change Princeton, Rice, University of perspectives from activities such as the course of your life before it Virginia and Yale. joining a class at a martial arts school, happens,” said participant Samuel Following the Department of trying traditional acupuncture at a Galler, who is from Denver, Education-sponsored National Reco- clinic and making dumplings with their host siblings. In many ways, the homestays in each city are the Congressional District centerpiece of the students’ experi- ences of China, as they offer participants the opportunity to Staff Delegation to China

______connect with their host siblings and 21 families and to gain an inside view of daily life in China. The students are NOTES paired with families that have a son In 1976, the National now chief representative of Pearson or daughter – a host sibling – who Committee organized the first China), including the Beijing bureau speaks English and attends the same Congressional staff visit to China. In chiefs of CNN, The Los Angeles school as the other host siblings, to the mid-1990s, it organized a few Times and ABC News, a Wall Street encourage both individual and group visits for members of Congress. Journal reporter and a managing interactions. However, it wasn’t until 2006 that director from the Shanghai AIAL SLE is also designed to show the the Committee became involved in Information Consulting Co. diversity of ways of life in China. an ongoing series of Congressional In Guangzhou, the delegation After staying with relatively affluent exchanges, through its partnership lunched at the home of former host families, participants went to with the U.S.-China Working Group. Committee staff member and now Beijing’s Dandelion School, a middle Since then, working through the U.S. Consul General Robert school serving the children of PRC Embassy and with the National Goldberg and his wife Sally Werner, migrant workers, where the People’s Congress (NPC), the where they were joined by the Americans had the chance to go into Committee has organized two Consulate’s economic and political the classrooms and teach. They had Member trips and three staff delega- section chief and a vice consul who other opportunities to teach and tions. works on adoption matters. (All interact with students at the Running from December 5-14, adoptions from China go through the Luoyang Number Two Foreign 2008, the most recent staff delega- Guangzhou Consulate.) One delega- Language Schoool and the Ruyang tion sent directors and other senior tion member who frequently deals Experimental High School in a staff drawn from the Congressional with adoption issues commented centrally designated “poor area.” In districts – the first trip of its kind – that, for him, this meeting alone Luoyang, they spent several hours at to Beijing, Guangzhou, Hefei and made the entire trip worthwhile. an orphanage visiting mildly handi- Shanghai. The eight-member bipar- In and around Guangzhou and capped pre-schoolers. These tisan group consisted of staffers from Hefei, the group discussed trade and experiences were some of the most Arizona, Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, economic issues with representatives memorable for many in the group. Louisiana and Washington State. of provincial offices of foreign affairs “The trip did not introduce me The focus was the impact of the and foreign trade and economic to China as a foreign country; it global economic downturn and its cooperation; visited a village and immersed me in its culture, its tradi- effects on U.S.-China relations. spoke with one of its elected repre- tions, its people, its history, and In Beijing, the delegation sentatives; and toured factories, a made me a part of its ,” said members met with senior NPC software firm and a power plant. Paola Melendez of San Juan, Puerto representatives (including Zha Many of the meetings provided Rico, who is now studying design and Peixin, the vice-chairman of the concrete opportunities for delega- liberal arts at The New School. NPC foreign affairs committee and a tion members to foster business and “Most importantly (and one of the friend of the Committee’s for over trade relationships, resulting in plans most valuable things I gained from thirty years) and the Ministry of to discuss partnerships on progres- the trip), I have a newly found inter- Foreign Affairs, and attended a brief- sive energy initiatives, to introduce est and a great curiosity to know, to ing at the U.S. Embassy. Four of the a prominent Shanghai lawyer to explore, and to discover even more.” Committee’s Public Intellectuals constituents concerned about n Program fellows (see page 22) Chinese legal issues, and to promote currently based in Beijing discussed collaboration on rice research economy, energy and environmental between scientists in and issues with the group, and the China Louisiana. Reform Forum hosted a roundtable On the docket are a Members focused on a variety of issues impor- delegation in late May and a staff tant to the delegation. The group delegation in early July. n also met “old China hands” in the home of Elizabeth Knup (a former

______Committee program director who is University. Dr. Vogel spoke about Public Intellectuals the history of the China studies field and the commitment that the earlier generations had to filling the role of Program public intellectuals, and Dr. 22 Lampton offered thoughtful remarks about ethical issues involved in being a public intellectual, particularly in From 2005 to 2007, the National participation in National Committee the China field. A fascinating discus- Committee held the first round of its programs or exchanges as scholar- sion ensued, one that will Public Intellectuals Program. This escorts, and a requirement that undoubtedly continue as the group multi-year program brings together fellows organize local public educa- meets together over the course of twenty of the best and brightest of tion programs. the next few years. the younger generation of American ______During the next four days, China scholars and specialists to fellows attended meetings, briefings deepen and broaden their knowl- Twenty Public Intellectuals and meals with staffers on Capitol edge about China’s politics, Program (PIP) fellows were selected Hill, commissioners and staff of the

NOTES economics and society, while giving at the end of May 2008 from U.S.-China Economic and Security them the skills to use this knowl- seventy-eight applicants. The first Review Commission and the edge to inform policy and public gathering of the fellows was October Congressional-Executive Com- opinion. The first round was so 2-6, in Washington, D.C. That mission on China; the Departments successful that both the Henry Luce meeting began with a welcoming of State and Commerce; the USTR; Foundation and the Starr Foundation dinner that featured thoughtful and the National Security Council and agreed to fund a second round. Over inspiring comments by Dr. Ezra the National Intelligence Council; the next two years, the program will Vogel, Henry Ford II Research and various think tanks. include two group meetings in Professor at Harvard, and Dr. David A full day was focused on the Washington D.C., a meeting in San M. Lampton, director of the China media, with activities designed to Francisco, trips to China as a cohort, Studies program at Johns Hopkins encourage fellows to engage with the

Dr. Andrew Erickson Dr. Katherine Kaup Assistant Professor, Strategic Studies Associate Professor, Political Science U.S. Naval War College and Asian Studies and Chair Department of Asian Studies Dr. Kenneth W. Foster Furman University Assistant Professor, Political Science 2008-2009 and Chair, Global Studies Program Dr. Scott Kennedy Concordia College Associate Professor, Political Science PIP Fellows and Director, Research Center for Dr. George J. Gilboy Chinese Politics and Business Chief Representative Indiana University China Woodside Energy Ltd.; Senior Fellow Dr. Pierre Landry Center for International Studies Associate Professo, Political Science M.I.T. Yale University

Dr. Amy Hanser Dr. Charles Laughlin Assistant Professor, Sociology Resident Director, Inter-University University of British Columbia Program for Chinese Language Studies

Dr. Yanzhong Huang Ms. Margaret Lewis Associate Professor and Director Senior Research Fellow Center for Global Health Studies U.S.-Asia Law Institute Whitehead School of Diplomacy New York University School of Law and International Relations Seton Hall University 23

NOTES

PIP fellows and advisory committee members visit the Memorial at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C. public through the media on China challenging questions before a China specialists tend to be more issues, and to give them some of the camera and evaluated their perform- narrowly focused on specific areas of tools necessary to do so effectively. ances; and a dinner discussion panel study, without the same opportuni- It included sessions on message and comprised of Washington, D.C.- ties for cross-fertilization that past delivery; communicating via print, based journalists and broadcasters. generations of China scholars had. television and radio in both China One reason for the PIP program The PIP program addresses this by and America; hands-on media train- is that changes in graduate education instilling more breadth in younger ing during which fellows answered and the China field in the last two scholars and facilitating connections decades have meant that younger among those in different fields, so that, for example, political scientists spend more time with sociologists, or historians interact with legal experts. Mr. Benjamin Liebman Dr. Michael Szonyi This is enhanced through presenta- Professor of Law and Director John L. Loeb Associate Professor tions by the fellows on their own Center for Chinese Legal Studies of Chinese History research throughout the course of Columbia Law School Harvard University the program. Four who presented at the Washington conference were Dr. Peter Lorentzen Dr. Lily Tsai Katherine Kaup on ethnic issues, Assistant Professor, Political Science Associate Professor, Political Science Amy Hanser on consumerism and University of California, Berkeley M.I.T. product safety, Andrew Erickson on Dr. Andrew Mertha Mr. Alex Wang the development of China’s navy and Associate Professor, Government Senior Attorney and Director Peter Lorentzen on the strategic Cornell University China Environmental Law Project manipulation of press freedom. Natural Resources Defense Council The Washington conference of Dr. Tobie Meyer-Fong PIP fellows began the process of Associate Professor, History Dr. Timothy Weston creating the strong cohesion among Johns Hopkins University Associate Professor, History these accomplished individuals that University of Colorado at Boulder is a hallmark of the program, while Dr. Stephen Platt providing connections to policy Assistant Professor Dr. Yu Zhou makers and media training that has Chinese History University of Professor already been of use to several of Massachusetts, Amherst Earth Science and Geography Vassar them. The first cohort of ten fellows College will travel to China together June 19- 30, 2009 (the second group will do so in the summer of 2010), and the entire group will meet again in San Francisco for a four-day conference in October 2009. n National Committee on NON-PROFIT ORG. United States-China Relations U.S. POSTAGE Paid 71 West 23rd Street, 19th Floor New York, NY New York, NY 10010-4102 Permit No. 1598 www.ncuscr.org (212)645-9677

Chair Carla A. Hills

President Stephen A. Orlins

Vice President Jan Carol Berris

Vice President for Administration Rosalind Daly

Senior Director for Education Programs Margot E. Landman

Senior Director for Corporate & Public Programs Anne Phelan

Director, Transnational Initiatives Ling Li

Director, Leadership Initiatives Jonathan G. Lowet

Director of Development Diana B. Roggemann

Director of Communications Joseph J. Weed

Program Officers Katherine D. Forshay Daniel Murphy

Program Assistant Sara Gavryck-Ji

Program and Travel Assistant Nick McBurney

Administrative Manager Daya Martin

Office Manager Adam Sigal

Assistant Controller Patricia M. Gilani