Covenant of Mayors in Figures: 8-Year Assessment
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Covenant of Mayors in figures: 8-year assessment Kona A., Melica G., Bertoldi P., Rivas Calvete S., Koffi B., Iancu A., Zancanella P., Janssens-Maenhout G. Dallemand J.F. 2017 EUR 28723 EN This publication is a Science for Policy report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. Contact information [optional element] Name: Albana KONA Address: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027, Ispra (VA), Italy Email: [email protected] Tel.: +39 0332 785327 JRC Science Hub https://ec.europa.eu/jrc JRC106725 EUR 28723 EN PDF ISBN 978-92-79-71624-9 ISSN 1831-9424 doi:10.2760/64731 Print ISBN 978-92-79-71625-6 ISSN 1018-5593 doi:10.2760/423424 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 © European Union, 2017 Reuse is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The reuse policy of European Commission documents is regulated by Decision 2011/833/EU (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the EU copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. How to cite this report: Kona, A., Melica, G., Bertoldi, P., Rivas Calvete, S., Koffi, B., Iancu, A., Zancanella, P., Janssens-Maenhout, G. and Dallemand J.F., Covenant of Mayors in figures: 8-year assessment, EUR 28723 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2017, ISBN 978-92-79-71624-9, doi:10.2760/64731, JRC106725 All images © European Union 2017, except: the image on the front page: Besancon © Leonid Andronov https://www.shutterstock.com Covenant of Mayors in figures: 8-year assessment Abstract The European Commission’s initiative Covenant of Mayors (CoM), one of the world’s largest urban climate and energy initiatives, involving more than seven thousand local and regional authorities, proves that climate change has moved to the forefront of urban priorities. Its integrated approach is in line with a number of EU priorities not only concerning mitigation and adaptation but also in terms of embracing a robust transparency framework for the implementation of the Paris agreement. The Covenant of Mayors in figures 8-year assessment report, based on the data collected in the CoM platform as of September 2016, aims at providing an overall picture of the achievement and projections made by the signatories in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and the related energy consumptions. Developing a sustainable energy and climate action plan that requires the establishment of a baseline emission inventory, target setting and the adoption of policy measures is already a tangible achievement for cities. This is the first step towards an effective, transparent system for tracking progress and concrete results. Ultimately, the report emphasis that strong urban energy policies and increased involvement of citizens is of vital importance in the potential of urban mitigation of global climate change. Contents Acknowledgement ................................................................................................. 1 Executive summary ............................................................................................... 2 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 5 2. Approach and datasets ....................................................................................... 7 2.1. The Covenant of Mayors approach ................................................................. 7 2.2. The CoM datasets 2016 ................................................................................ 9 3. Results ........................................................................................................... 11 3.1. Signatories ................................................................................................ 11 3.2. Sustainable energy action plans ................................................................... 12 3.2.1. Greenhouse gas emissions in baseline emission inventories ....................... 12 3.2.2. Estimated emissions reductions by 2020 ................................................. 13 3.2.3. Final energy consumption in baseline emission inventories ........................ 16 3.2.4. Estimated energy savings by 2020 ......................................................... 17 3.2.5. Local energy productions in baseline emission inventories ......................... 19 3.2.6. Estimated local energy production by 2020 .............................................. 20 3.2.7. Main policies of the sustainable energy action plans .................................. 22 3.3. Monitoring and implementation .................................................................... 34 3.3.1. Progress on implementation reporting ..................................................... 34 3.3.2. Reported progress on GHG emission reduction ......................................... 36 3.3.3. Reported progress on energy savings ..................................................... 37 3.3.4. Reported progress on renewable energy .................................................. 42 3.3.5. Main policies of the monitoring reports .................................................... 43 4. Conclusions .................................................................................................... 46 References ......................................................................................................... 49 List of abbreviations and definitions ....................................................................... 52 List of boxes ....................................................................................................... 53 List of figures ...................................................................................................... 54 List of tables ....................................................................................................... 55 Annex 1. ............................................................................................................ 56 Annex 2. ............................................................................................................ 57 i Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank the Directorate-General for Energy, colleagues Eero Ailio, Pedro Ballesteros, Sébastien Occhipenti, Joanna Ziecina and John Stuebler for their continuing support and presence in the framework of the Covenant of Mayors initiative. We are grateful to JRC colleague Katalin Bódis who performed the GIS mapping. Special thanks to the Covenant of Mayors Office for managing relations and supporting signatories in achieving their commitments and cooperating with the Joint Research Centre in the dissemination of the initiative’s impact. Authors Kona Albana, Melica Giulia, Bertoldi Paolo, Rivas Calvete Silvia, Koffi Brigitte, Iancu Andreea, Zancanella Paolo, Janssens-Maenhout Greet, Dallemand Jean-François. 1 Executive summary Policy context The 21st session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 21), held in Paris in December 2015, has underlined the importance of containing global temperature rises to within 1.5 degrees. Cities have come to play an important role in the global response to climate change as the urban energy consumption generates about three quarters of the global carbon emissions and they are particularly vulnerable to climate change effects (IPCC, 2014). The Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, one of the world’s largest urban climate and energy initiatives, involving thousands of local and regional authorities, has moved climate change to the forefront of the urban priorities by facilitating and accelerating the implementation of effective actions. While climate change remains a global issue, the best strategies for sustainable energy systems are planned and implemented at local level. The Covenant of Mayors’ integrated approach is in line with a number of EU priorities not only concerning mitigation and adaptation but also in terms of access to affordable energy, embracing a robust transparency framework for the implementation of the Paris agreement. It is the first initiative of its kind addressed to local authorities which requires signatories to define a CO2 reduction target, to develop an action plan addressing mitigation and adaptation and to monitor the results on a regular basis in order to track progress towards their targets. Box 1. Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Three pillars SECURE, MITIGATION ADAPTATION SUSTAINABLE LOW CARBON CITIES RESILIENT CITIES AND AFFORDABLE ENERGY At least 40 % CO2 reduction in their respective territories by 2030 Increased resilience to the impacts of climate change Increased cooperation with fellow local and regional authorities within the EU and beyond to improve access to secure, sustainable and affordable energy Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: commitments for 2020 and achievements in 2014 The report assesses the overall progress of the CoM initiative based on the sustainable energy action plans (SEAPs) and the implementation reports received up to 4 September 2016. At the cut-off date of the analysis, the number of CoM signatories totalled