1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:-HQUSE 9089

To be first lieutenants Milton E. Rubinl, 0975760. CONFIRMATION Francis H. Anderson, J/~GC, 01695624. Robert B. Schmidt, 0975765. Gerald J. Schwab, 0976502. Executive nomination confirmed by Theodore M. Behrmann, De, 0984102. _ the Senate, June 22 (legislative day of . Robert J. Carson, MC. _ . Vernon M. Smith, 0975764. J ohn F. Christianson, MC, 0960853. Reuel A. Stallones, 0975958. June 7), 1950: Henry C. Cosand, Jr., MC, 0978339. Charles M. Struthers, 0975358. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Robert L. Sundre, 0975896. G eorge W. Cullum, MC, 0977331. Kenneth W. Spencer, to be a member of the Elias M. Throne, 0975075. R ichard A. Doane, DC, 0965226. Public Utilities Commission of the Dist rict of Glen S. Gamble, DC, 0728634. Thorndike C. Toops. Joseph N. Tori, 0976839. Columbia for a term of 3 years from July 1, J ohn F. Goodma n, Jr., JAGQ, 0377159. 1950. Byron J . Greany, DC, 0969128. Darl E. Vander Ploeg, 0974387. William K . Howard, MC, 0980543. Walter Wartonick, 0976194. Thomas H. Reese, JAGC, 0465269. · Charles H. P. Westfall, 0976503. E ric Reiss, MC, 0954962. - . Charles F. Wilkins, Jr., 02040984. R ichard E. Swisher, DC, 0975842. George S . Woodard, Jr., 0975549. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Charles M. Thompson, JAGC, 0975167. R ay E. Yarbrough, 0965993, Nat h an E. Vanama n, DC, 0981281. The following-named persons for appoint­ _ THURSDAY, J UNE 22, 1950 Maurice B. Wehr, MC. ment in the Regular Army of the United Robert H. West, DC, 0966002. States, in the grade of second lieutenant, The House met at·12 o'clock noon. To be second lieutenants under the provisions of section 506 of the Rev. Frank Dent, formerly pastor of Joan D. Archer, ANC, N792912. Officer Personnel Act of 1947 (Public Law the First Methodist Church of Galveston, Allen C. Brown, WMSC, R2543. 381, 80th Cong.), subject to physical quali­ now pastor of Oak Lawn Methodist Lucile R. Hord, WMSC, M2855. fication: · Church, of Dallas, Tex., offered the fol­ Margaret C. McDonough, ANC, N792476. · Milton Allen, 0945726. lowing prayer: Mary J. Olssen, ANC, N754136. Fred M. Bristol, 0 520729. Catherine M. Owen, WMSC, M2858. Calvin W. Ellis, 0955560. Eternal God of our fathers, Thou - Jessy R. Powell, WMSC, R2458. John G. Engstrom, 01688760. hast said, "When thou prayest go into Carolyn I. Regan, WMSC, M2861. James A. Lillard, -01913282. thy secret place and thy Father who seest Agnes Spock, ANC, N804320. · Herbert F. Neller, Jr., 0948274. in secret will reward thee openly." . Jane R. Wiley, ANC, N804164. Stanley I. Pilgrim, 0979817. These are days when our American Wyatt G. ·Price. The following-named persons for appoint­ Ben L. Sanders, 0543938. people, our American officials, and lead­ ment in the Medical Corps, Regular Army Clifford H. v. Turner. ers need the power of the secret place. of the United States in the grade of first _· . Kenneth S. Whittemore, Jr., 044610C - Each of us has prayed before we came lieutenant, under the provisions of section here this day, so:we desire to fill the glory · 506 of the Officer Personnel Act of- 1947 · · The following-named distinguishe-d mili­ (Public Law 381, 80th Cong.); sub]ect to tary students for-appointment in the Regular of the public with -the beauty of the pri­ completion of internship, and subject to Army of the United States in the grade of vate devotion. We are not the first to physical qualification: second lieutenant, under the provisions of . seek to harmonize the beauty of the pri­ Walter M. Anglin, 0975957. section 506 of the Officer Personnel Act of vate and the glory of the public. Men Norman L. Arnett, on5356. 1947 (Public Law 381, 80th Cong.), subject of old have sought to bring into harmony Theodore M. Badgley, 0975342. to designation as distinguished military the ideals which they feel within their graduates, and subject -to physical qualifica­ Richard R. Beckworth, 02051045. tion: hearts, with their desire.to serve the pub­ Irving Berk~. 0975Q59. lic interests. One has expressed it in · Nelson R. 'Blemly, 0975841. Charles L. Anderson. this way: Gordon W. Briggs, 0975762. William S. Bice . . John P. Briske, 0975343. William M. Bradley. "The earth is the Lord's and the ful­ John E. Canham, 0975579. George T. Burnop, 0978761, ness thereof; the world, and they that Elwyn Cavin, 0425163. Henry C. Camp, Jr. dwell therein. J ames R. Collier, 0975559. William G. Clemons. "For He hath founded it upon the seas Calvin C. Cranfield, Jr., 0975687. William E. Dasch: and established it upon the floods. Forrest G. Dannenbring, 0974384. David w. Einse1,' Jr. R obert F. Dillon, 0975768. David C. F ariss. "Who shall ascend into the hill of the Charles R. Downs, 0975542. Ernest G. Grenier. Lord? or w~o shall stand in His holy Donald C. Fox, 0975355. Richard P. Jameson. place? ·. Charles E. Gahagen, 0975756. Va nce S: Jennings, 0954108. "He that hath clean hand.:J and a pure R ichard H. Garrett, 0975688. James H. Johnson. heart; who hath not lifted up his soul James J. Gibbs, 0975095. Ben S. Malcom. unto vanity nor sworn deceitfully. Robert F. Glock, 0975569. Kenneth A . .Marden. Maurice J. Gonder, 0971846. John L. McKinzey, 0955838. "He shall receive the blessing from the R ichard E. Green, 0975079. Richard V. Murphy. Lord and righteousness from the God of J ames E. Hansen, 0976165. Robert L. Peck III, 02204559. his salvation." Frank W. Hardy, 0975901. Joseph B. St arker. So, our Father, today, that we may Louis E. Harman, Jr., 0969836. David P. Vielhaber. bring the beauty of tne private into the R obert· F . Hood, 0975900. Richard L. Walton. glory of the public, we pray that we may Vin cent H. S. Hume, 0969837. Kenneth J . Williams, 0954522. have clean hands and a pure heart. Thomas J. Hurley, 0977071. George S. Woodson. Donald J . Jacobson, 0975691. Doyle B. Wright. · It is easy for us to see impure hands. Arnold W. Johnson, Jr., 0966511. Vv e can look across the sea and say, The following-named distinguished mili­ "Your hands are stained. They are dirty. Robert C. Jones, 0975570. tary student for appointment in the Medical R obert R. Keim, Jr., 0975560. Service Corps, Regular Army of the United They are filled with the blood of men." Lou is W. King, Jr. States, in the grade of second lieutenant, We can even look at the other end of Robert J. King, 0975C93. Pennsylvania Avenue and say something · Gen e N. Lam, 0975354. under the provisions of section 506 of the Samuel G. Latty, 0975838. Officer Personnel Act of 1947 (Public Law 381, about hands, or we might even Jook Arthur G. Law, 0975366. 80th Cong.), subject to designation as a dis­ across the aisle and accuse our colleagues. Wendell F. Lienhard, Jr., 0975544. tinguiehed military graduate and subject to Yet, even as we say this, our Father, we Bruce L. Livingstone, 0975073. physical qualification: know that the only hands we are respon­ Joseph H. Masters, 0975759. Charles H. Meacham. sible for are the two that hang from our Laurence C. McGonagle, 0975069. The following-named graduated cadets, own shoulders, and the only heart that T ravis H. Mu eller, 0975693. United States Military Academy, for appoint­ Stanley Newman, 0975758. we are responsible for is the one that ment in the Regular Army of the United Bernard F. O'Hara, 0975694. really and truly beats underneath our R obert E. Parmenter, 0975353. States in the grade of second lieutenant, to own shoulder. rank from June 2, 1950, under the provisions H arvey W. Phelps, 0!)75£95. So, give unto us this purity and clean. Dou glas B. Price, 0975707. of section 506 of the Officer Personnel Act of John E. Reisner, 0975341. _1947 (Public Law 381, 80th Cong.) : liness within our own private life that we F rancis J. Rigney, 0975582. Ernest Thomas Hayes, Jr. may bring out that beauty, that hope, Vict or R. Rivera, 0975757. Richard Louis Kramer. that harmony in the glory of our publia . Eugene A. Rosenberger, 0975895. Charles Rufus Smith, Jr. living and service. 9090 CON.GRESSIONAL -RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22·

Bless these men who represent their conferees: Messrs. VmsoN, BROOKS, KIL~ House for · 1 minute, to revise and ex­ people and the people whom they repre­ DAY, SHORT, and ARENDS. tend my remarks and include the names sent. Lead us through · these days PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE of cettain visiting school, children. through which we go, that we may climb , The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ~r. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I ask this hill and bring peace, and may oth­ unanimous consent to address the House the request of the gentleman from Illi­ ers desire to follow with us. for 1 minute and to revise and extend nois? So fill our public service with the power my remarks. . There was no objection. and strength that comes from the secret The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. MACK of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, place. the request of the gentleman from Penn­ I am honored today by having as my In Jesus' name we pray. Amen. sylvania? guests in Washington 100 of the most The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ There was no objection. deserving young men and women from terday was read and approved. [Mr. FLOOD addressed the House. His the Twenty-first Congressional District remarks appear in the Appendix. l of Illinois. These young people were MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT recommended by their teachers, princi­ A message in writing from the Presi­ SEX CRIMINALS pals, and county superintendents of dent of the United States was communi­ Mr. DAVENPORT. Mr. Speaker, I ask schools and were selected by nonpartisan cated to the House by Mr. Miller, one of unanimous consent to address the House committees who feel that these chil­ his secretaries, who also informed the for 1 minute and to revise and extend my dren are the most deserving children in House that on June 21, 1950, the Presi- . remarks. the various counties of my district to dent approved a;nd signed bills of the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to make this educational tour to Washing­ House of the following titl~s: the request of the gentleman from Penn­ ton. I am proud of the children they H. R. 2386. An act to provide for the estab­ sylvania? have selected and I am proud to have lishment and operation of arare and precious There was no objection. these children as my guests in Washing­ metals experiment station at Reno, Nev.; Mr. DAVENPORT. Mr. Speaker, on ton. They ·are today the youth of our H. R. 3675. ·An act for the relief of Erik H. April 4 of this year I introduced a bill, Nation but tomorrow they will be the Lindman; and H. R. 7994, ·whose purpose was to make H. R. 5920. An act to provide for payment ones w'ho are called upon to guide the of amounts due mentally incompetent per­ available to local police authorities the destiny of our country. The names of sonnel of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine past records of sex criminals who had these outstanding Americans follow: traveled in interstate commerce. In this Corps, Coast Guard, Coast and Geodetic Sur- - LIST OF CHILDREN ON MACK EDUCATIONAL vey, and Public Health Service. way, local police officials will be able to TOUR BY COUNTms MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE maintain adequate surveillance over Sangamon: George Muller, Elsie Pavle­ known criminals within their jurisdic­ tich, John Norris, Charles Starling, Thomas A message from the Senate, by Mr. tion. In addition, H. R. 7994 makes it Hoffman, Rohert Dougherty, John Kelly, Carrell, one of its clerks, announced that necessary for sex criminals who move Ralph Klein, James Lard, Freda Spangler, the Senate had passed without amend­ from one State to another to register Thelma Sebring, Barbara Silvens, William ment a joint resolution of the House of with the United States attorney's office Bercot, Doris Motley, Nancy Ann Carter, the fallowing title: and brings the full force of Federal law Marie Weller, Arthur Fliege, Thomas Wilson, H.J. Res. 480. Joint resolution extending to bear on those who repeat their sex Dorothy Brummett, Jane Morgan, Phillip the time for the release, free of estate and crimes in other States. Pinney, George Bales, Arline Janoff, James gift tax, of c~rtain powers. McCabe, Earl Eliason, John Gatschenberger, While I believe that H. R. 7994 is an Donald Snodgrass, Charles O'Hara, Charles The message also announced that the absolute necessity today because of the Shymanski, Jr., Rita Hogarth, John Wolf, Senate agrees to the amendments of the growing tendency of sex criminals to Olive Cooke, John Teer, Barbara Parks, Mary House to a bill of the Senate of the fol- · move among the various States in order Louise Schmidt, Eleanor Rimini, Kenneth lowin&' title: to avoid detection, I believe that a full­ L. McGeath, Harry McLaughlin, Henry Har­ scale investigation of tlie entire problem mony, Ronald Robison, Ronald D. Kane, S. 2335. An act to make certain revisions in of sex crimes is in order. Richard Jacobs, . Ronald Hasten, Robert titles I and III of the Officer Personnel Act of Brown, Earl Suggs, Darla Rudolph, Robert 1947, as amended. FBI tally sheets show that tnis type of crime is becoming a greater menace Dougherty. The message also announced that the Macoupin: Lois Eades, Charles Baker, yearly. It must be stopped ·before it Fredie Garst, Walter McKenzie, Earnest Senate agrees to the report of the com­ assumes terrible proportions. American Richardson, Jimmy Kuenneth, Eugene Saat­ mittee of conference on the disagreeing mothers and our children are too dear k amp, Angeline Markulakis, Marlene John­ votes of the two Houses on the amend­ to us to permit the continuation of the son, Wilma Sauerwein, Anna Farmer, Sheri­ ment of the Senate to the bill double the MILK sity of maintaining the oil industry of 1946 daily average, · the United States at top efficiency. The The figures on the volume do not Mr. HESELTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask Nation's security is one issue that we alone tell the story, for we had a sub­ unanimous consent to address the House cannot afford to ignore. Imports of stantial gain in consumption since the for 1 minute and to revise and extend petroleum are a threat to security. close of the war. But in percentage of my·remarks. Hearings have been held by three com­ total supply imports of oil have consist­ The SPEAKER. Is .th~re objection to mittees and subcommittees in this the request of the gentlenian from Mas- branch of Congress this year. The rec­ ently occupied a larger place. ' In 1946 sachusetts? · ord that was developed was clear and imports were 6.9 percept of the total sup­ There was no objection. conclusive. The independent .oil pro­ ply in the United States. In the first Mr. HESELTON. Mr. Speaker, 1,150,- ducers and refiners have been hurt: quarter of this year they absorbed 13.1 175,142 quarts of fluid milk could have Their markets have been narrowed by percent of the supply, been made from the dried milk held by imports. Producers have produced and The export market for our petroleum the Federal Government ·in storage sold less oil in our own markets. Re­ is fading fast. In 1946 it required 419,- April 30, 1950. finers have shut down in many instances 000 barrels daily. In the first quarter More than 67 percent of that was pur­ and they have curtailed their runs of of 1950 the exports of crude oil and prod­ chased last year. crude oil. The ability of the industry to ucts were 265,000 barrels daily. Foreign It cost the taxpayers $3, 717 ,096.60 up explore for and develop new fields has markets are being filled with foreign to ,April 30 just to keep these more than been shrinking. State governments are production by substantially the same 157,000 tons of a wholesome food com­ losing tax revenues. Employment has group of large corporations which are modity in storage. decreased. Several thousand field and bringing the oil into the United States. It costs eighty-seven one-thou­ refinery workers have been made idle. Are we to stand by and see the home sandths of a cent to transport 1 ·pound Independents in the oil industry three markets as well as the export increas­ of dried milk from Manawa, Wis., to New or more years ago tried to get executive ingly taken up by foreign oil? York City. or legislative action to prevent the injury The record is clear and unmistakable. The Federal Government could have that has come to pass. The ~oal and. The American consumer's greatest as­ used this wasted storage money to- pay railroad industries have in recent weeks surance of abundant supply lies in the the freight on all this milk to places been before committees to tell of their maintenance of a vigorous, competitive where people would drink it. Beyond unemployment due to foreign oil. 0th.. industry. To continue with its histori­ that, more than $800,000 would still ers will inevitably follow unless action is cal effectiveness, the domestic industry have been saved. talcen. must have a market for the oil it finds It is obvious now that those who have · A remedy is in the hands of the execu­ and develops. It must rely for the pres­ the power to bring about 'an immediate tive branch of the Government. It has ervation of its home market on either end to this insane situation have no in­ repeatedly been importuned by Members the National Government or the import­ tention of doing so. But they cannot of Congress as well as by the independent ing companies. The record shows .that escape the responsibility for their in­ petroleum industry and others to make voluntary restraint has not been prac­ excusable and defiant continuing waste use of the authority which it reserved in ticed and their announced programs call of the taxpayers' money. From July 1, the trade agreements with countries for a much higher rate of imports for 1949, to April 30, 1950, on dried milk where oil is produced. The · executive 1950 than in 1949, and announced pro­ alone the daily waste was $12,227.32 . .On branch has made no move to curb the grams can be changed without notice or April 30, 1950, the Government had firm increasing imports of oil. In fact, the consent. contracts to purchase an additional principal spokesmen on the subject in There are bills in both branches of 27,656,941 pounds. Therefore the daily the State Department and the De­ Congress to provide workable and de­ waste for storage alone must be over partment of Commerce have been pendable restraints on the imports of $13,000 a day now. loud in their assertions that no ac-· petroleum. It is my concern that we · It is equally obvious that, unless some­ tion should be taken by the executive de- do something in this session. If we do thing is done promptly, this food will 'partment and they have used every op­ not, we will find the trouble has in­ spoil. Apparently those who have the portunity to engage in propaganda · creased and the present storm which clear power to prevent this hold in utter against action by Congress. The great petroleum impor-ts have raised will have contempt the reaction of the American corporations which produce and import become a tornado. public to such wanton destruction of 9092 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22 wholesome food. But, if the truth can line 19, page 2, and insert ": Provided, how­ Mr. GRANT asked and was given per­ be made clear to the public, I am con­ ever, That nothing contained in this act shall mission to extend his remarks and in­ vinced that its indignation will be swift be construed as an inference of liability on clude an address recently delivered by and certain. the part of the United States Government." General Vandenberg. COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. MULTER asl{ed and was given the request of the gentleman from Mas­ permission to extend his remarks in three Mr. DOUGHTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask sachusetts? instances and include extraneous matter. unanimous consent that the Committee There was no objection. Mr. LEFEVRE asked and was given on Ways and Means may have until mid­ The Senate amendment was concurred permission to extend- his remarks and night of Friday, June 23, to file its report in. include an editorial appearing in the on H. R. 8920, the tax .bill, and that any­ A motion to reconsider was laid on the New York Times. one desiring to file minority views may table. have the same time. Mr. JONAS asked and was given per­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ANNUAL REPORT, OFFICE OF ALIEN mission to extend his remarks and in­ the request of the gentleman from North PROPERTY-MESSAGE FRO:M THE PRES­ clude an address delivered by Brig. Gen. Carolina? IDENT OF THE UNITED STATES Julius Klein commemorating the fifty­ There was no objection. The SPEAKER laid before the House fifth anniversary of the Jewish War Vet­ the following message from the Presi­ erans of the United States. ANNUITANTS RETIRED UNDER CIVIL Mr. MARTIN of Iowa asked and was SERVICE RETIREMENT ACT dent of the United States, which was read, and, together with the accompany­ given permission to extend his remarks Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee submitted ing papers, referred to the Committee on and include an address delivered by Mr. a conference report and statement on the Interstate and Foreign Commerce, and James S. Schramm. bill run the Army are not going to bring any who should not be in that service. I then they will be eligible for citizenship. communists into the United States am willing to accept any safeguard to That is all the bill does. Army. I will speak without any reser­ see that we get the right recruits, re­ Mr. Speaker, I propose to off er an vation as far as the Army is concerned. cruits who can be of service and benefit amendment to the committee amend­ Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. Speaker, will to carry out any Army mission that ment to strike out on page 3 the words the gentleman yield? General Collins feels is absolutely neces­ "or earlier." The committee language Mr. VINSON. I yield to the distin­ sary. was this: "pursuant to military orders guished gentleman from Mississippi. , Mr. WALTER. I call attention to the shall, if otherwise qualified for citizen­ Mr. WILLIAMS. It is ·my under­ picture at the left of the Speaker, the ship, and after completion of 5 or more standing that the Army needs these peo­ portrait of Lafayette; I remind the years of military service, or earlier if ple to perform certain specialized duties, gentleman of Pulaski, Von Steuben, and honorably discharged therefrom." such as interpreters, and so forth. In others, men who took an illustrious part The reason that prompted us to put the the light of that, is there any reason in our fight for independence. words "or earlier" in was that after the why those people could not be employed Mr. VINSON . . That is quite different; person enlists and serves a year or so he in a civilian capacity, rather than to take they did not enlist in the Army of the might be found to have some physical them into the Army? United States; they were allies. These disabilities and therefore we would not Mr. VINSON. Well, you would not men, however, are going to enlist. want to hold him to the 5-year require .. have sufficient control over them. You Mr. WALTER. A moment ago the ment. But the more we thought about it, must have people that you can direct question was raised as to the reason for we thought we were on sounder ground and order in military matters. the inclusion of the Secretary of State. if we struck out the words "or earlier" so Now, I repeat that we asked General That is absolutely essential, as I see it, that the person would have to be in the Collins to come into executive session · because .the State Department occupies Army for at least 5 years. on this. I said, "Tell us how you are the position of screening all aliens that Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ going to use these men," and he told us. come to the United States. By including tleman yield? I cannot divulge those things in public the authorization- from the Secretary of Mr. VINSON. I yield. debate, but you can rest assured that State it is certain there is no question Mr. RICH. What is the real purpose the Army is not going to put any Com­ but what the proper visa would be issued. of taking a foreigner and putting him munists in it knowingly, and these aliens Mr. VINSON. I hope the committee into our army when you can get men who are going to be in our service only after will give us a full opportunity to vote on have been naturalized who know all of they have been most carefully screened. the bill, so I trust the rule will be these countries? We have people from Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. Speaker, will the adopted; but I felt it necessary in ad­ all of these countries who already have gentleman yield? vance .of general debate to make some 1950 CON_GRESSIONAL. RECORD-HQUSE 9095 explanation of the reasons behind the geants and our own American boys who is up to 35 and they have that long to bill. have served for many years would be qualify as a specialist. Mr. JAVITS. Mr. Speaker, will the under the orders of these foreigners. Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield for a question? · Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Speaker, will gentleman yield? Mr. VINSON. I yield. the gentleman yield? Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the Mr. JAVITS. The gentleman empha­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the gentleman from California. sized the point about Communists; will gentleman from Pennsylvania. Mr. JOHNSON. A great many boys the gentleman emphasize equally the Mr. VAN ZANDT. It is nothing un­ enlist who want to become specialists fact that th')se with a Nazi or .Fascist usual for an alien who is a resident of the and they enlist at 18. They have to work background are equally undesirable as United States to enlist in our armed up through the ranks before they can far as our Army is concerned? services. If the gentleman will go back attain the rank of technical sergeant. Mr. VINSON. They will be screened; through military history he will find res­ None of these boys will go in as ser­ we will not have anybody but whose ident aliens held responsible positions in geants; also, I wan~ to point out to the heart beats in harmony with ours. the Army, Navy and Marine Corps and gentleman that probably the vast ma­ Mr. Speaker, I hope the committee American boys submitted to their com­ jority of them will be over 21 years of will adopt the resolution, will debate the mands. age because very few minors come to bill for an hour and will let the House Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. As far as I am America before they are 21. vote on it. _ concerned if I were in the Army I would Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. It is the prac­ Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 not want some 18-year-old boy to come tice of the Army if a specialist comes in minutes to the gentleman from Illinois in and be my master sergeant or techni­ for him to soon reach a sergeantcy, [Mr. ALLEN]. cal sergeant. This bill provides that they must be spe .. · Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the cialists in order to qualify. ·yield myself such time as I may require. gentleman yield? · Mr. JOHNSON. The bill does not Mr. Speaker, I am opposed to this bill, Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the provide that at all. because in times like these when we hear gentleman from Iowa. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. It provides about all our other departments of the Mr. GROSS. Where are these for­ that they must be a specialist. Government having Reds and Commu­ eigners coming from? Mr. JOHNSON. That is not in the nists and subversives in them, above all, Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I do not know bill. I want to see that the United States Army what countries they are coming from. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. What does this is 100 percent American. That is the Mr. GROSS. Is there a lack· of men language in the report mean, then? reason why I am opposing this measure. wanting to enlist in the Army at the What is the purpose of writin3' it in the . I know that for many years there were present time? report? certain individuals in our Government Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. At the pres­ Mr. JOHNSON. The purpose is to who have been attempting to get these ent time I believe they have more who provide that they may become specialists. foreigners into it. First they wanted a desire to enlist-more American boys­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. The purpose foreign iegion, then they wanted 25,000, than they will take. is stated. That is why they are brought but they found so much opposition' Mr. GROSS. Can the gentleman tell in, because they are specialists. among the membership of both bodies of me what effect this sort of thing will Mr. VAN ZANDT. I am afraid the Congress that they abandoned that and have upon the 4,000,000 unemployed and gentleman from Illinois does not under.. . now they have finally got it down to on a lot of boys who have just come out stand the real job to be assigned these 2,500. of the high schools and colleges? individuals. They must have certain I think there is a statement in the re­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Inasmuch as qualifications which security reasons will port that is nothing less than an insult to there are thousands of young boys-tens not permit me to mention at this time. the American soldier. It states that of thousands of them-coming out of But, I can assure the gentleman the spe .. these foreigners, "the citizen candidate the colleges with no work, who have cialized ability of these individuals does on his part gives us a rare human talent engineering and other specialist learn­ not apply to the term "specialists'' as the in highly specialized fields and will cer­ ing, perhaps it would be well to regard gentleman understands it. tainly be of substantial value to our them as specialists. They are the ones Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, will the country." who have lived in America. We should gentleman yield? . Mr. Speaker, can you conceive that this give them the master sergeant's position. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the bill provides for boys of 18 years of age Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will gentleman from New York. coming in and joining the Army and. be­ the gentleman yield? Mr. KEATING. In that same connec­ ing classified as specialists? As special­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the tion I suggest to the gentleman that ists they will naturally obtain the rank gentleman from Massachusetts. among the specialists, of course, would of master or technical sergeant. It Mr. McCORMACK. It is my impres­ be those who had linguistic ability which would be an insult to these men whom . sion that the age limit set out in this some of our own people might not have, the Armed Services Committee is calling bill is between 18 and 35. and that might enter into this picture; into the service and who may be special­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. That is cor­ also I make the observation that in ists if you do not give them the rank of rect, 18 to 35. In other words, this bill World War II there were a great many master sergeant or technical sergeant. provides that a young foreigner 18 can aliens who served in our Army and who This putting of foreign boys ·18 years of be regarded as a specialist. They would served with great distinction and cour­ age over American boys who have been in come into the Army as specialists and age, and in recognition of that we passed the Army for many years is not fair. consequently they would eventually re­ a measure here to assist in their efforts Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, .will the ceive a specialist's rank as technical or to become American citizens. . gentleman yield? master sergeant. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. In conclusion, Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr. Mr. Speaker, again I say that I personally gentleman from Georgia. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? would like to keep at least one depart­ Mr. VINSON. The gentleman is in Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the ment of this Government 100-percent error in the line of argument he is mak­ gentleman from South Dakota. American. · ing because this covers original enlist­ Mr. CASE of South Dakota. I want Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield ments. When they originally enlist they to express the thought that if anybody 10 minutes to the distinguished majority go in at the lowest grade, so, therefore, enlisted at 18 comes in as an original leader, the gentleman from Massachu­ could not come in as a technical sergeant. enlistment and got any such rank there setts [Mr. McCORMACK]. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I am saying might be room for criticism. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I that this bill provides that these foreign­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. The bill pro­ ask unanimous consent to proceed out of ers who come in are specialists at 18 years vides he must be a specialist. I will ask order. of age. The bill itself stipulates they the gentleman how the average foreigner The SPEAKER. Is there objection to must be specialists and, consequently, if could be a specialist at that age? the request of the gentleman from Mas­ they are specialists they would be entitled Mr. CASE of South Dakota. It is not sachusetts? soon to become master or technical ser- limited to those who are 18. '.!'he age There was no objection. XCVI--573 "9096 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22 Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, in can resolve the recent suggestions of Britain. The delegates to that conven­ relation to the pending bill, I think my Robert Schuman, Foreign Minister of tion met under most trying conditions. distinguished and valued friend from - France, and his French associates, into We know from history that they had a Dlinois [Mr. ALLEN] is unnecessarily a practical and effective plan. great and historic ideal in mind, the re­ alarmed. If I had any objection to the What a great ideal to try to bring into sult of which is our country today, which bill it would be the fact that it is con­ agreement, operation, and effect by these we enjoy and possess. We know from fined to 2,500 only. But, that is satis­ six countries. history the opposition they met, of their factory to me, because I recognize that As stated in part by Foreign Minister uncertainties, their despair many times committees have their problems, and I Schuman: of success, but they persevered and finally go along as far as I possibly can with It is our desire to associate in a common were successful. We lmow the great dif­ committee reports. The committee has and permanent work of peacetime nations ficulty they had in having three-fourths done an unusually fine job by the first which for centuries have fought one another of the Original Thirteen States ratify the amendment on page 2 which eliminates in bloody conflicts. Constitution. the possibility of any American foreign He was referring, of course, to France But conditions existed that required legion. I think the committee acted and Germany. solution,. and men with great ideals and wisely in that respect, because in refer­ Through the successful welding of courage lived then, and difficulties that ring to the foreign legion of any country, France and Germany together in this appeared insurmountable were overcome. without mentioning any one country in common effort there would be assured, Uncertainty and confusion vanished particular, and I do not like to, so~e­ as he said, the "certainty thus to banish and a new notion was established, which times it brings about repercussions from our European community a latent is ours today. abroad that may be misunderstood when cause of trouble, suspicion, and an­ The delegates to the convention were there is no offense intended, but, the guish," and this would be a basis to men with ideals. They were men with first committee amendment on page 2 erect ·"a solid, European edifice accessi­ understanding minds. They were deter­ takes care of that and precludes, if it ble to all nations of good will." mined to succeed, and they did succeed. remains in the bill, which I assume it What noble thoughts when he further The framers of the Constitution and the will and becomes law, the possibility of said: founders of our Government had to meet any' organization such as an American We feel we a.re not permitted to fail, nor honest misunderstanding on the part of foreign legion being established. to quit without finishing the job. But no some; jealousy and prejudice on the part Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, will the one has ever tried such a system as we have of others; they had to meet the doubt­ gentleman yield? outlined. Never have the states conferred, ing Thomases also. They always exist. Mr. McCORMACK. I yield to the gen­ nor even thought of delegating as a group a They had to contend with the blind and tleman from California. fraction of their sovereignty to an independ­ deliberate ·opponents to any form of gov­ Mr. JOHNSON. Regarding the num­ ent supranational organization. ernment other'than a monarchy. They ber, the gentleman will note that Sena­ He called for "a pioneering boldness had to contend with those who, in their tor LODGE had 10,000 in it, and our com­ which is too often absent from our inter­ day, sought only personal or political ad­ mittee, after considering it very care­ national institutions." vantage even against the best interests fully, determined it was sort of an experi­ I hope the representatives of the six , of the 13 ft.oun~ering States ,operating ment, pioneering, and that we would countries attending this conference will under the Articles of Confederation. sooner have a small number, and if do so with an understanding mind, not While the conference now going on in proved to be successful that we could impugning the motives of anyone or any Paris is not for the purpose of establish­ enlarge it. of the countries. If this is the animating ing a new nation, it is a conference of Mr. McCORMACK. I had that in spirit of the conference, and I am sure it historic importance. Its ideals are high mind. I recognjze that when the com­ is, no matter how far apart they may be and noble. Its purpose is to chart a new mittee reports out a bill, that it is the during their deliberations they will be journey in Europe. However, there is a collective judgment of the committee, able to come to an agreement of historic basic resemblance between this confer­ and while I might have some views in importance. ence and our Constitutional Convention some respects to the contrary, I hesi­ We of America will watch the delibera­ of over 150 years ago. The delegates to tate to go against a committee, even in tions, and hope and pray they will come the Paris Conference, I think it mig·ht part, ~hen I am in agreement with the to a successful conclusion. also be called a convention, can learn objective sought. I am supporting the There is a great ideal that has been much to guide and direct them in their bill. My remarks are not to be taken as brought into this conference and which deliberations ·and efforts from the de­ criticism of any member of the commit­ has brought the conference into being. liberations of the Constitutional Con­ tee reporting out this fine bill, and the It has as its objective the removal of vention which brought the United States two amendments adopted by the commit­ some important_ economic factors that of America into existence. The free tee are excellent amendments. They are have caused Germany and France in the world . and countless of millions of per­ not merely perfecting, but strengthen­ past to be suspicious of each other for sons in Communist-controiled countries ing amendments. centuries, all due to human weaknesses, are watching and will watch with hope Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr. and which have created fear, hostility, and prayers the outcome of this con­ Speaker, will the gentleman yield? enmity, and war, instead of understand­ ference. A successful outcome will be Mr. McCORMACK. I yield to the ing and confidence in each other, and one of the outstanding constructive gentleman from South Dakota. friendship and peace. For if any decided events in the history of the world. The Mr. CASE of South Dakota. I was step forward in understanding and trust delegates of the six countries have grave hoping that the gentleman would oppose and real friendship can be and is. tal{en responsibilities· resting- upon them, for the amendment and let it stay at 10,000, by France and .Germany and the other the benefit or disappointment of not only because it seems to me the bill has merits four participating nations, a historic step· this generation, but of many generations on its face. If we cannot integrate has been taken toward European unity to come. 10,000 troops in the total Army, it would and permanent peace throughout the Mr. Speaker, I consider this confer­ be surprising. · · world. ence to be of such importance and the Mr. McCORMACK. Of course, this In connection with. this conference a results which may ft.ow from it to be of bill will go to conference, and what will significant event happened in the elec­ such historic importance to you and me be in disagreement will be 10,000 in one tions a few days ago in a part of Ger­ and others of this generation as well as brnnch and 2,500· in the other. many, where the Communist Party can­ those of future generations to come, that What I wanted to talk about was a didates, who received 16 percent of the notice should be taken of it in this body. matter that I consider of historic im­ votes cast in the last election, received I felt it was my duty to do so and to portance today taking place in Paris. only about 5 percent of the votes cast a convey to the delegates to that confer­ Delegates from France, western Ger­ few days ago. ence representing the six participating many, Belgium, Italy, the Netherlands, Over 150 years ago the fathers of our countries the fact that we are watching and Luxemburg met last Tuesday in country met in a Constitutional Conven­ it-not only countless of millions of Paris, France, in what may be a historic tion to establish a new government for Americans, but countless of millions of conference aimed at" pooling their coal the Thirteen Colonies who had success­ people everywhere, recognizing that if and steel production and to see if they fully won their independence from Great they can make a decided step forward, 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE they will be overcommg human weak­ We wish to substitute for the ancient prac­ will form the basis for work it hopes will be nesses that have brought about wars in tices of dumping and discrimination an en­ useful and fruitfl,11. • the past and they . will be thereby lightened cooperation. That is essential. For today, I shall limit myself . to wel­ But · what is equally important, and what coming you in my Government's name, and' . strengthening the will of God, which is from the very beginning has been inscribed expressing ardent hopes that we shall not· everlastingly present, and that they will in the forefront of the plan, is our determi­ disappoint the expectations of the peoples_ be accomplishing something of benefit nation to associate in a joint and perma­ who place their hope and confidence !n you. to the entire world for many generations nent task of peace two nations that for cen­ to come. turies have been opposed in bloody cpmpe­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker. A successful outcome will be a decided tition. It is the certainty of thus eradicat­ I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from step toward permanent peace. ing from our European community a latent South Dakota [Mr. CASE]. Mr. Speaker, the entire text of Mr. cause of trouble, of mistrust, and anguish; Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr. it is the hope of erecting on this peaceful Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to Schuman's statement on the steel- and cooperation a solid European structure, coal-poot plan is as follows: proceed on the same subject that the accessible to all nations of good will. distinguished majority leader just­ TEXT OF SCHUMAN STATEMENT ON POOL PLAN We earnestly would have liked Great Brit~ discussed. Six weeks to the very day have barely a.in to be present at our discussions. We elapsed since in this very room with historic cannot conceive of Europe without her. We The SPEAKER. Is there objection to memories the French Government made know, and are reassured by this, that the the request of the gentleman from South known its plan. Six weeks-a very- short British Government desires the success of Dakota? interval for such a new and vast objective our labors. There was no objection. Certain difficulties that have prevented her as pooling the coal and steel production of THE FREE STATES OF EUROPE our countries; very short when one thinks of participating, actively, at least, at the pres­ the customary slowness of international ent stage, appeared in the course of discus­ Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr. transactions. sions that were both frank and friendly. We Speaker, I am not authorized to spealt France has been blamed for acting pre­ preserve the hope that the doubts and scru­ for the minority on this matter, but it cipitately. There has been talk of rapid and ples that a somewhat doctrinal reasoning has happens that during the Eightieth Con­ brutal tactics. But experience has shown us failed to overcome will finally yield to more gress in the fall of 1947 I was chairman that the best initiatives are frittered away concrete demonstrations. The French Government certainly will act of a subcommittee for Germany and when, after their birth, they are delayed in Austria of the so-called Herter commit­ preliminary consultations. in conformity with the desires of all the In a world anguished by so many set-backs participating governments when it keeps the tee, the Select Committee on Foreign and by impotence, I think we had the right­ British Governuent informed of the develop­ Aid, and spent 6 weeks in Germany and in fact, the duty-to count on the strength ment of our deliberations, and thus will Austria with a subcommittee of five of the idea, to take advantage of the impetus insure it the possibility, if not of coming and members. The problem which the gen­ given by the hope it has aroused and the joining us-which we persist in hoping-at tleman from Massachusetts has dis­ ·instinctive support of our peoples. least of sending us all its useful observa­ cussed was the basic problem with which We are now here at the beginning of our tions, and thus prepare the way for future we were concerned during the entire time task. It is to you, gentlemen, that our six cooperation. governments have confided the task of jus­ The conclusions we shall reach will be the that we were there, and that was the tifying this hope. Your task is to express fruit of our discussions. Each one of you economic rehabiiltation of western Eu­ in elastic and clear language, with a view to will contribute your suggestions and criti­ rope and the part that western Germany preparing definite commitments, the prin­ cisms. We shall have a joint determination might play in it. ciples that have determined the choice of to succeed, to do something constructive, on In that capacity we conferred not only our objecti\es and that constitute the basis the basis of the principles already defined. with the German leaders but the French of our deliberations. We shall be inspired by a youthful rashness leaders in the French zone of western We are agreed on the orientation o! our that is too frequently absent from our inter­ national institutions. Germany and with British leaders in the work, on the goal we wish to reach. Our gov­ English zone. When we returned we ernments have agreed to seek in common, by Without losing sight of the individual a free confrontation of views and special sit­ needs of our countries we must be aware that made a report, which included this uations, the best means of applying the prin­ national interests in these times consist in recommendation: ciples that we have accepted by creation o! finding beyond our national boundaries the That the states of Germany which are new institutions without precedent in the means of achieving a more rational economic free to do so be encouraged to form a con­ present-day world. structure, more economical and more in­ stitutional government. at the earliest pos­ tensive production, and a greater and more sible date; a government with powers derived _ DECLARES TASK IS GREAT readily accessible market. from the member states, a government which It is a great task, gentlemen, that the con­ Our initiative in no way is meant to ignore other German states could join when free to fidence of our governments has conferred or misunderstand the attempts made else­ do so, and free itself to join any federation upon us. We undertake it with pride and where to give Europe a healthy economy. of free states looking toward the economic conscious of our responsipilities, we feel that Mr. Stikker recently made an important and stability of Europe and world peace. we are not permitted to fail or to give up fruitful contribution to it. It is situated in without result. Moreover, our conclusions, a different sphere from our own. There is In concluding our report covering this as you know, will be submitted for the ap­ neither duplication nor contradiction be­ and other recommendations, we said: proval of our governments and the sovereign tween our two objectives. The committee believes that carrying out decision of our parliaments. The chief characteristic of the French pro­ these recommendations will go far in putting No one among us is unaware of the excep­ posal is that, aside from its economic impor­ Germany on her feet, relieve the United tional difficulties of our undertaking. Ad­ tance, which is susceptible to developments States taxpayer of immense occupation costs, mittedly, we all have voluminous statistics that at the present moment cannot be bring to the cause of world stability and at oup disposal. We shall make good use of guessed at, it has had and preserves a po­ European recovery the great capacities of the the impartial studies made previously on a litical value that from the very first moment German people and aid much in developing national scale, as well as those made by struck opinion in different countries more the free states of Europe as a bulwark of international bodies. than anything else. world peace and free institutions. But never has a system resembling that For our part, we shall begin the work thus which we have in view actually been at­ assigned to us. We shall first of all have to The report was signed: tempted . . Never ha'1e States entrusted nor adopt a method of working. It will be work The subcommittee for Germany: FRANCIS even considered jointly delegating a frac­ in teams instead of a conference with me­ CASE, South Dakota, chairman; JOHN M. tion of their sovereignty to an independent ticulous and rigid rules. We shall all of us VORYS, Ohio; CHARLES w. VURSELL, Illinois; supri.Ilational organization. wish above all to be efficient. Brilliant elo­ EUGENE E. Cox, Georgia; OVERTON BROOKS, We shall have to set up a draft treaty that quence will not tempt us. Louisiana. will define in broad outline the attributions An informative meeting tomorrow will en­ of this joint authority, the way it will func­ able us to fix our ideas in this respect. They So it "is my sincere conviction, Mr. tion, the means of appeal against its deci­ will be defined during personal contacts that Speaker, that what is happening in sions and of making its responsibilities ef­ we shall be anxious to establish and main· Paris today is probably as important for fective. We shall have to examine without, tain. the future of the world as anything can however, writing them into the treaty, the The !undamen1!als of our problems will be be. I would heartily endorse all that the technical details that will be the objective taken up at the same time. The two cannot of agreements to be concluded subsequently be separated. We shall pool our ideas, we distinguished majority leader has saj<} as after ratification of the treaty. These con­ shall put them up against each other and to the importance of what is going on ventions will have to be easy to revise so choose between them. The French Govern­ there to all our deliberations here. All that they may be adapted to the lessons o! ment will make known its ideas to you in the of these things that we talk about here­ experience. next few days. The draft tex1l it wili submit peace and the cost of Government-a.re 9098 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22 definitely hitched up to what may come here have not been thinking deep enough, sylvania think that General Collins and out of the Paris conference. hard enough, sound enough for me. the men who run the Army will permit As a member of the minority I want to Mr. VINSON. Does the gentleman aliens ·who are communistic in thought join in what the distinguished majority know that the Chief of Staff, General to enter into the armed services, then leader has said about the importance of Collins, personally is appealing for this they should vote against this bill. what they are tryi!lg to do at the confer­ legislation? What comment has the gen­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Well, I think it. ence. So, for myself, and I am sm;e for tleman about the Chief of Staff? He has Mr. VINSON. And I want to say this those who were on that committee, I already made his comments about the in view of the way the·distinguished g e n~ wish for Premier Schuman and his asso­ committee and about the author of the tleman from Pennsylvania has been ciates the greatest possible success in bill. What is his comment about the crlticizing the committee, criticizing the what they are seeking to do at this con­ Chief of Staff? ofilcers-- ference in Paris. Mr. RICH. I want the Chief of Staff Mr. RICH. No; I said that the State Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, of the American Army to get Americans. Department .was pulling the wool over I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from We do not have to get a lot of foreigners the committee's eyes. I think you good Pennsylvania [Mr. RICH]. to run our Army, it is a sad commentary. men are being fooled terribly in this Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, I hold in I want the Chief of Staff of the Ameri­ legislation. · · highest regard the members of the Mil'i­ can Army to see that we educate our own Mr. VINSON. The gentleman ·was tary Affairs Committee on both sides· of American boys to be in qur Army. We criticizing the 'committee; he was criti­ the aisle, but I am greatly surprised at have a lot of our AmeriCari boys who are cizing ·the author of the bill; he was their bringing in a bill such as we have right here in America who want to go criticizing GeneraJ CoUins. to consider today. They want to admit into the Army, men who know a-11 about Mr. RICH. No, no, no; first, I am 2,500 more aliens, if necessary, into this those countries, men whom you can trust, criticizing the· Foreign Affah·s Commit­ country above the quota. That is the men who are good American citizens, tee-and I lOve every 'one· o1 the mem-· first objection I have to the bill. · born in America or naturalized American bers of that committee and tfle members The second objection I have to the bill citizens, men that we ·are going to pay of the Armed Services Committee-but is because they want ·the Secretary of With American dollars, men that are you have just been hoodwinked. ·I want State to pass on the men they are going Americans from the top of their head to you to.get your glas'ses on and see what I to allow to come into the Army of the the soles of theii feet. That is what I . is happening. That is the point I am United States, and go into foreign coun­ warit. I do not want any foreigners. trying to make here. Oflly·sound Amer-· tries where they learn everything about Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Sp2aker, icans ·should be in the American Army. our own Army, and then, if they do not will the gen-tleman yield? Mr. ViNSON.- My glasses are. on, and want to join up as an American citizen, Mr. RICH. Yes; I yield to my col­ I am looking over them listening to the they are free to tell everything they have league who was kind enough to give me fallacy of the gentleman;s . argument; learned about tlie American Army. If this time. but at the same time I am trusting Gen­ that is good policy and good business, - Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I aslrnd the eral Collins. Strike out the State De­ then I do not know what I am talking gentleman to yield in order that I might partment if th'at disturbs you. about. It is silly to me. ask a question of the gentleman from Then I want to say further that I have Georgia [Mr. VINSON] . . Mr. RIC:{!, . Well, .you ought to do the highest regard for the Military Af­ Does this deny the American boy, if that; you shop.Id d.o it, and only let good fairs Committee, but I do not want to see we reach a certain quota in our own Americans ir: our armed services. them taken over like most of the mem­ Army, where there may be thousands of Mr. VINSON. All 1).ght. I am going bers of our Foreign Affairs Committee is American boy3 trying to get into our own along with the bill. I have confidence being taken over by foreign countries. Army-will this bill, according to its lan­ in General Collins, and the American We are getting so imbued with the ideol­ guage, deny 2,500 American boys the people have confidence in him. When ogy of the'se foreign countries that I won­ right to serve t:te flag which they ad­ General ColUns comes behind closed der where our America'nism is going. I mire ·so much? doors after we had held this bill in com­ just cannot see it like they do. It is too Mr. VINSON. I would say it probably . mittee for over a year and stated his much for me. It seems to ~e that these would not, because you will hardly ever reasons for wanting it, charged with the foreigners are pulling the wool over our be up to within 2,500 of our enlisted responsibility h6 is charged with, say.i.ng eyes and we do not know it. This is poor strength. It will not interfere with. any that we_ must have this small group, I judgment on the part of everybody who P-nlistment in the Army . . am willing to trust him. has any part in trying to pass this legis­ Mr. RICH. I will ask the gentleman Mr: RICH. We have the gentleman's .· lation. When you have 13,000' aliens in froni Georgia this question: There being own statement now that he held this the State Department passing out the a quota on the number of men in the bill up 1 year. You just did not hold it hard-earned dollars of our American Army, and we take in these 2,500 for­ up· 1,000 years long enough; yes, better taxpayers it is about time that the Amer­ efgners, will not that necessarily . deny still, forever. ican people woke up and realiz.ed what such positions to 2,500 American boys? Mr. VINSON. That may be true. We is going on. I just cannot understand Mr. VINSON. Yes; it would, if you would not have brought it out if General what you are trying to do, putting 2,500 pad only 611,000, and that is all the Collins, chare-ed with this great respon­ aliens in the Army. It is just too terrible money you appropriated for. You might sibility, had not urged it. to contemplate the ultimate results if not have any money to pay for 2,500, so Mr. RICH. Let me ask the chairman they turn against America. the 2,500 would not come in. of the Armed Services Committee this Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, will the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question: Why in the world does Gen­ gentleman yield? time of the gentleman from Pennsyl­ eral Collins, head of our Army, want to Mr. RICH. I yield to the gentleman vania has expired. go out and get 2,500 foreigners instead from Georgia, chairman of the commit­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. ·Mr. Speaker, of getting 2,500 equally well-trained tee, a man who I have the greatest re­ I yield the gentleman three additional · and competent Americans? That is spect for. minutes; and I will ask the able chair­ what I want to know. Mr. VINSON. The gentleman said he man of the Defense Committee .this Mr. VINSON. For the simple reason was surprised that the Armed Services question: I ·t;hink the gentleman from that he wants people in the Army who Committee reported such a bill. Does the Pennsylvania made a very thought-pro­ know the terrain, the language, the cus­ gentleman know who the author of this voking observation when he said that the toms, the philosophy, and the psychol­ bill is-the distinguished Senator from State Department approves of these in­ ogy of the people in countries that prob­ Massachusetts [Mr. LoDGE]? dividuals coming into the Army. What ably-he may have to deal with. Mr. RICH. I do not care who the will prevent left-wingers from coming Mr. RICH. For years we have been author of it is. I do not care whether he over here, getting information from our taking men from every country in the is a Republican or a Democrat, or what Army in these enlistments and peddling world into this country; they have be­ he is. All I want him to be is a good, it to their advantage to soine other coun­ come American citizens-good American sound American, and if he is a good, try in the event some crisis confronts us·? citizens, naturalized. To say that we do sound American, he will think deeper. Mr. VINSON. If the gentleman -from not have qualified Americans to fill this These fellows who brought up this bill Illinois and the gentleman from Penn·. need is ridiculous. , It is a poor admis- 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9099 sion by anybody in the Army or out of look after America. It is about time that spies. We passed a bill of this sort last the Army. we stop trying to meddle in all the affairs year. It was so secretive we did not The SPEAKER pro tempore. The of every nation in the world. It is time even open our mouths about it. They time of the gentleman from Pennsyl­ that we look after the citizens of this said, "Do not talk about it at all. It vania has again expired. country and do it through and by citizens is too secret." You were then authoriz­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, of this country. ing the armed forces to enlist some 50 I yield four additional minutes to the Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, or 100 spies a year, as I remember it. gentleman from Pennsylvania. will the gentleman yield? Now you get into an argument as to Will the gentleman from Pennsylva­ Mr. RICH. I yield to the gentleman whether 10,000 or 2,500 should be en­ ni.1 yield? from Illinois. listed by virtue of this legislation. I Mr. RICH. I yield. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I would like have an idea you just want 2,500 be­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. The chairman to ask the chairman of the Committee cause you just want 2,500 spies. I guess of the Armed Services Committee does on the Armed Services another question. that is what it is all about. This is not for one minute imagine that Gen­ In the event these people go in the Army another matter that is so secret we are eral Collins, great man that he is, but do they have all of the benefits that the not supposed to talk about it. You busy man that he is, could personally American soldiers have for their service know, when things get that secret they supervise the~e enlistments and check or do they get more benefits? do not usually amount to a hoot, anyway. against left wingers getting into the Mr. VINSON. They will be enlisted I want to know if there is any person armed services. with the same rights, the same privileges within the United States or elsewhere Mr. VINSON. I will say this, that and be dispersed through the Army like who is worth a tinker's hoot to this coun­ these men will be hand-picked and they any other enlistee in the Army. try or any other country who would take will be combed and the authorities will Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. They will not the citizenship of some other country in know exactly what they are before they get more than the American soldier in order to sell out the people of his own· are taken in the Army. That is the rea­ benefits? country? If he has a certain philosophy son we have limited it to 2,500 men. Mr. VINSON. Every benefit that the in life and has a definite belief, and if Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I have heard American soldier is entitled to he gets. he will swap that information that that expression before, especially in con­ Mr. TACKETT. Mr. Speaker, will the might be detrimental to his own people nection with the State 'Department and gentleman yield? to some other nation because they will the Secretary saying how clean his De­ Mr. RICH. I yield to the gentleman give him citizenship and a few more dol­ partment was, yet other officials of the from Arkansas. lars than he could get by serving his own State Department came here at one Mr. TACKETT. With all the talk people, then I guarantee you that that time and stated that they knew there that has been going on I have not been information is not worth a hoot, anyway. were two or three hundred homosexuals able to ascertain yet, I have heard no one Mr. ABERNETHY. Mr. Speaker, will who should be fired. say yet, what the purpose of this pill is. the gentleman yield? Mr. BURNSIDE. Mr Speaker, will Why do we need 2,500 aliens in the Mr._TACKETT. I yield to the gen­ - the gentleman yield? Army? tleman from Mississippi. Mr. RICH. No; I asked for this time Mr. RICH. I say we do not need Mr. ABERNETHY. I do not know of to put across an idea, but I have not them. We have Americans enough, we anything that is dearer to the American had much of the time to myself. The have Americans who are sound men who people than their citizenship. idea is Americanism is and should be the are naturalized American citizens, who · Mr. TACKETT. But we are selling it best citizenship in all the world. will fight for the country like our own mighty cheap now. The head of the Army, great general boys have. in all the wars that they have Mr. ABERNETHY. American citizen­ that he may be, ought to realize that he been in. I do not believe in taking a lot ship is something which is coveted should be able to get better results from of aliens and putting them in our Army around the world. Does not the gentle­ American citizens than from any for­ regardless of where they come from or man think that we are lowering it to a eigner who was ever born. That is the what their nationality is or anything very ordinary category when we use it point I make. If we here in the Congress else. I think it is wrong. That is the as a lure to get spies into the Army of are American citizens we ought to insist matter I am talking about. the United States? on having an army of American citizens. ·Mr. TACKETT. Does the gentleman Mr. TACKETT. I cannot imagine We should not hire other citizens to be­ understand this is a swap whereby we anything that we could do that would tray their own country. The Good Book guarantee some person on foreign soil so lower respect of those things that says, "Lead us not into temptation." We American citizenship if he will spy on our people have so prized in life as to do not .want an army of foreigners. his-own country or some other country? off er American citizenship to somebody Mr. BURNSIDE. Mr. Speaker, will Mr. RICH. Yes; and when the 5 years that will come here and give us some the gentleman yield? are up he goes back to his own country information about some other people­ Mr. RICH. I yield to the gentleman and tells them all the secrets he learned even his own people; in other words, from 'West Virginia. while a member of the armed services of we will give the sorriest man in the Mr. BURNSIDE. I want to answer our country. It is wrong. · I hope the world citizenship if he will be a dirty three questions that have been raised committee will take this bill back and spy. here. First, the Army is 25,000 under keep it for just 1,000 years longer in com­ Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, will the quota at the present time and this will mittee. America for Americans forever. gentleman yield? not displace any persons in the Army; Once an American always an American. Mr. TACKETT. I yield to_ the gen­ second, we were able to get many scien­ An America that is worth citizenship is tleman from Mississippi. tists to help us with our experiments in worth fighting for. Love of country is Mr. RANKIN. To show you how easy New Mexico which we could not have our greatest heritage, it is for one of these spies to cover up, gotten if we had not used a method like Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I . yield 135 years after the close of the Revo­ this and, third, the 13,000 the gentle­ 6 minutes to the gentleman from Arkan­ lutionary War the British Government man is speaking about in the State De­ sas [Mr. TACKETT]. published a record that showed that partment are clerks and assistant clerks Mr. TACKETT. · Mr. Speaker, I do Bancroft, Benjamin Franklin's secre­ and if we went ahead and sent Ameri­ not purport to know anything about tary, while he was in France, was a Brit- · cans over there to those piaces our cost this bill. For that reason I am not going ish spy, and when Franklin would send of government would go up tremendously. to argue for it or against it. But I him over to England to get information, Mr. RICH. What does the gentleman would like to have some facts in order instead of getting information, he would care about the cost of government? He that I may know whether or not it is give information to the enemy. has been voting for everything. That the type of legislation ! ·suspect it to be. It would be very easy for these spies does not seem to mean anything to a It is my opinion that this proposal who would come in under this kind of lot of Members over on that side. enlists 2,500 aliens into our armed serv­ a provision to undermine this country I want soldiers who are Americans first ices for the purpose of obtaining infor­ and to take back the secrets that we are and, second, I want fellows in the Army mation from foreign countries by giving trying to protect. from the top to the bottom who are go­ some on foreign soil something they Mr. TACKETT. I want to ask some­ ing to see that we have Americans to otherwise would not have less they be one, if it is not too big a secret to tell, 9100 CONGRESSIONAL REQORD-;HOUSE JUNE 22 do we need 2,500 men who happen to live lot more than you will gain by taking in it. As a layman, as a civilian, as a Mem­ in Europe or on some other portion of these- 2,500 people. , ber of Congress, I cannot say what we this globe outside this country? Do we Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield should have or should not have iri our need them, have we run out of people to myself 3 minutes. · armed services. But when the Chief of servr in our Army, is it necessary for us Mr. Speaker, I can recognize and ap­ Staff of the Army of the United States to have a hired army, or is it the fact preciate the differences of opinion that says that this is what we need, and that that you are just trying to get some in­ arise about this proposed legislation. I they want it, so that they . can guard formation by luring someone into be­ especially appreciate the fact that so them and watch them and screen them, lieving that they should tell on their own much of the opposition to this proposed and if they commit sabotage against this people in turn for American citizenship? legislation that has been expressed country or prove unfaithful, they will be Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, will the today, openly and privately, comes from subject to court martial,· I cannot argue gentleman yield? my section of the country. I have al­ against it. Mr. TACKETT. I yield to the gentle­ ways prided myself and my section, Let us not get unduly excited about man from California. justly or unjustly, and that- is neither this. If, after giving mature judgment Mr. JOHNSON. Does not the gentle­ here nor there, on the fact that when and consideration to this, you do not be­ man realize that in America there are it came to real patriotism in this coun­ lieve that it is a wise, patriotic thing to a great many refugees from countries try my ·section had no superior. There­ do for our country, then vote against it. behind the iron curtain? There are fore, I can understand the alarm and But let us not get in '~ o hysteria on the thousands of them that have left their the concern of my friends and colleagues, question. country because the government has as I say, particularly from my section. Mr. RICH. Can you place more con­ changed and the entire ~ife of the coun­ But now let us see where we are on this fidence in a foreigner than you can in try has changec!. They have ideas like proposed legislation. an American citizen? · we have, and it is those people that we This is nothing new, to begin with, .Mr. COLMER. Of course not, my would like to have in our Army, people about having aliens in our armed forces. friend, of course not. That is not the who are thoroug~1.ly screened and who Why, in the very birth of this country, issue here. The issue is simply whether understand the situation in parts of the who contributed more, aside from George we have enough confidence in those in world where we have very meagre knowl­ Washington, than the gentleman from charge of our armed services and the na­ edge. Prance, Mr. Lafayette? Who contrib­ tional defense to give them the weapons Mr. TACKETT. Why does not this uted more in taking our green enlistees to properly defend this country. They bill say that? and turning them into trained soldiers say that they can best do that job by Mr. JOHNSON. The bill could not than Von Steuben, of Germany? Who having these trained aliens, familiar spell all those things out, in the very contributed more than Pulasld, of Po­ with certain countries of Europe the nature of things, but that is what the land, to whom monuments have been erected in this country? habits and secrets of the people and the situation is. I want to point out one governments of those countries, in our thing, if I may. Some people seem to Aside from that, modern warfare is armed service. be so jittery about foreigners. Sitting conducted in modern times on a differ­ ent basis, when every resource, when The Chief of staff and his fellow of­ right in this Congress, one out of every ficers are trained in warfare. I am a six men and women in this House of every technique has to be resorted to in order to win that war. We live in a layman. I am forced to rely on their Representatives is the son or the daugh­ judgment. ter of an immigrant. Their parents small world, a world that has shrunk were good American citizens. We think to a very small sphere compared with . Mr. ALLEN of' Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I the screening process provided by our bill what it was a few years ago. We live yield myself 3 minutes. will guarantee beyond any question that in one world, whether we like it or do Mr. Speaker, I did not think I was these soldiers will be 100 percent Amer­ not like it. As far as I am personally going to ask for a roll-call vote on the ican. concerned, anq I have often said this, rule or on the bill itself, but after listen­ Mr. TACKETT. Well, I do not know I should like to follow the admonition ing to the debate here and not hearing that that is anything to be all elated over. of the great father of this country to one reason why we should have this The fact is, though I do not know but beware of these foreign alliances and measure passed, I certainly am going to maybe we have two or three people here entanglements and live within ourselves. ask for a roll call on both the rule and who are descendants from American In­ If it were not for the smallness of this the bill. dians. I guess the rest of us come from world today, I would be the rankest iso­ One thing has come out here. Wl;lile somewhere; I do not know where. That lationist in this body. I should like to General Collins, I believe, did come up is not the argument. My goodness alive, get away from all of that. But we have and request .this bill, there is nothing in 150 years ago a lot of your people did to face conditions as they are. the record where the Department of some things that maybe you would not The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Defense or where Mr. Johnson or any be proud of or I would not be proud of, time of the gentleman from Mississippi of them came up and requested such a I do not knJw, but that is the poorest has expired. thing as this. I do not think anyone argument I ever heard of. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, can dispute that some of these foreign Mr. RAl"'iTKIN. Mr. Speaker, if the I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from boys would like to come into this coun­ gentleman will yield further, I want to Mississippi. try and get benefits forever under such call the attention of the gentleman from Mr. COLMER. I appreciate the cour­ a law as this. They would be happy California to the fact that we had some tesy of my friend. to jofn the colors in order to receive of these refugees from behind the iron The chairman of the Committee on these benefits as technical master ser­ curtain, especially a couple of Eislers. Armed Services says he would be glad geants and as specialists-benefits When we turned the spotlight onto them to take the State Department out of this. which they would get for the rest of we found that they were Communists, I, too, have criticized the State Depart­ their lives. Naturally they will join the traitors to this country. Gerhardt Eis­ ment, but the State Department, is put American flag and perhaps it may be ler is over there now leading a Commu­ into this picture because it is the one that some of them may turn over the nfst drive in Germany. agency that is best set up and qualified information they receive as a result of Mr. TACKETT. I know if these 2,500 to screen these people who are going to holding these technical positions to the people are all perfect, and if General be taken into the armed forces. If there enemy. whoever he is is going to personally is a better agency that can be set up, Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, will the look after them, and he can keep his then substitute that when you have the gentleman yield? hands right on them and not make one bill on the floor. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield. mistake, it will be a wonderful idea, be­ Modern warfare, as I started to say, Mr. VINSON. In view of the fact that cause we can get some good information has changed. Conditions have changed the gentleman from Illinois pays so much from some other countries from some over there. We have to have confidence attention to Mr. Johnson, I want to call fellow that is willing to sell his own peo­ in somebody. My first impression, when his attention to what Mr. Johnson said: ple down the river. At the same time, if this legislation was brought up before As indicated the Department of the Army you make one mistake, it will cost you a the Committee on Rules, was to oppose testifies in support of the proposed legisla- 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.HQUSE 9101 tion. In so testifying, the Army ls repre­ McGrath O'Sullivan Sullivan The Clerk announced the following senting the views of the Department as a. McGuire Patten Taber pairs: whci~ · McKinnon Peterson Talle Mack, Wash. Philbin Tauriello Mr. O'Brien of Michigan with Mr. Wolver- Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Yes; that is Madden Phillips, Calif. Thomas ton. Magee Poulson Thompson Mr. Gary with Mr. Macy. right; that is the department as a whole. Marsalis Preston Thornberry With regard to the quota of enlist­ Martin, Iowa Price Tollefson Mr. Bates of Kentucky with Mr. Coudert. ments, there are now many American Martin, Mass. Priest Trimble Mr. Burke with Mr. Towe. Meyer Ramsay Underwood Mr. Jackson of Washington with Mrs. St. boys who want to join the American Michener Rhodes Van Zandt George. Army. If you add these 2,500 that will Miles Riehl man Vinson Mr. Gilmer with Mr. Horan. be denying 2,500 American boys the right M!ller, Nebr. Robeson Vorys Mr. Boykin with Mr. Jenkins. to serve under the American flag, boys Mills Rodino Wagner Miller of California with Mr. Kearns. Morgan Rogers, Mass. Walter Mr. who will probably do a much better job Multer Rooney Weichel Mr. Hebert with Mr. Chiperfield. than some of these foreigners. I appre­ Murdock Roosevelt Whitaker Mr. Redden with Mr. Miller of Maryland. ciate that under the bill that anyone Murphy ·sasscer Widnan Mr. Mitchell with Mr. Lichtenwalter. Murray, Tenn. Scudder Wier Mr. Rabaut with Mr. McGregor. opposing this bill will not have an op­ Wigglesworth· portunity to speak. Nelson Sheppard Mr. Cavalcante with Mr. Auchincloss. Nixon Short Wilson, Okla. Mr. deGraffenried with Mr. Blackney. Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I move Noland Sikes Withrow Norbl ad Simpson. Ill. Wolcott Mr. Fallon with Mr. Morton: the previous question. Norton Smathers Woodhouse Mr. ·Welch with Mr. Dolliver. The previous question was ordered. O'Brien, Ill. Spence Woodruff Mr. Wickersham with Mr. Gwinn. The SPEAKER pro tempore hit the ceiling. To say that Look at the two portraits before you. and should be passed in the interest of we were surprised is putting it very George Washington, a British subject, the security and the defense of the mildly. Naturally, one would think of led our American Revolution and Lafay­ United States. foreign legions, of hired Hessians, a·nd ette, a citizen of France, helped him win Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, will wonder if we have reached such a low our independence. We do not have to the gentleman yield? level in this country that red-blooded question the patriotism of any of these Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentle­ Americans are not any longer willing to foreigners or aliens who are willing to man from Michigan. face danger and, if necessary, die for join us because of their comparable po­ Mr. DONDERO. Are we taking a new their country but would have to depend litical background, because -Of their love step todi;i,y or is there any precedent in on foreign mercenaries. That was one of of freedom, because of their devotion to American history for an act of this kind? the things that caused us some appre­ liberty, because of their similar philoso­ Mr. GAVIN. Mr. Chairman, I would hension in the beginning. phy of life. Many of them are without like to answer that question. Another was 'the thought if we would a home or country and would not have Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentle­ bring in the original number asked for, to betray their native land. man. 25,000, we might get enougn rotten apples Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. GAVIN. I might call the atten­ in the barrel of our own Army to con­ the gentleman yield? tion of the gentleman from Michigan taminate ·our patriotic American soldier. Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman to the fact that during the war years That danger still exists to some extent from California. of 1941 to 1945 we had 117 ,000 aliens in because if we are frank and honest with the service of the Armed Forces, so there you we will have to admit that this meas­ Mr. JOHNSON. Will the gentleman is nothing new in this legislation before ure carries some calculated risk. kindly add the Italians who joined the us today. We have already established We run a risk when we bring aliens Fifth Army to help us fight in Italy and the precedent of enlisting aliens into into our Army. They, I think, run an Germany? the Armed Forces. even greater risk because they give Mr. SHORT. Not only the Italians Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will notice to their native countries as well who joined the Fifth Army but the un­ the gentleman yield? as to America that their head is in a derground in France .and every other Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman noose and they will have to exercise not country invaded. Now, I think we from Pennsylvania. only extreme caution but prove through learned, particularly you men here who Mr. VAN ZANDT. It is a well-know,n trial under close surveillance, after being were in active combat-certainly the fact that after World War I and World carefully screened, and combed with a author of this bill as an officer in the. War II we granted citizenship to aliens fine-tooth comb, that they are loyal and United States Army in Sicily, in north who aided us to win both World Wars. patriotic to the Army in which they have Africa, and in Italy-he learned through Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Chair­ entered. his own experience, as has, I am sure, our man, will the gentleman yield? We all know of the deplorable state of friend the gentleman from Pennsylvania Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman affairs in Europe fallowing the last global [Mr. VAN ZANDT], out in the Pacific war­ from New York. · conflict, the complete destruction and we learned the lesson in Africa, in Eu­ Mr. MARCANTONIO. While that utter devastation, the hopelessness and rope, in the Pacific, wherever men fought statement is true, the fact should be despair existing among the masses of the that if we had had the advantage and pointed out that these so-called aliens, people. We know there are many people the benefit of certain skills, knowledge I prefer to use the term foreign born, who because their forms of government of the language, knowledge of the topog­ who were residing in the United States have been changed, who because they raphy, the geography, the terrain, the and were called into the Army did not suffered such political upheaval, social conditions in a particular area to be in­ set up the fact that they were not citi­ chaos and economic dislocation who now vaded, we would have saved many, many zens, but went in and served and served live in slavery and fear, would welcome American lives. It is all a question of honorably and well for our country, and. the opportunity of entering the service intelligence and it is all a question of that is why they became citizens of the of the United States Army in the hope knowing not only how strong you are but United States later. But this is a dif­ of some day receiving citizenship, per­ how strong or weak your enemy is; and ferent situation. These are people who haps the greatest prize t!fat could be if we take 2,500 men, which are not many are living abroad and are not living in offered to a distressed people in any sec­ when they are dispersed, but integrated the United States and will become merely tion of this world. among over 600,000, I think perhaps they paid hirelings, present-day Hessians. Modern mechanized warfare is no will be able to give their commanders Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will the longer a simple matter. It is highly com­ certain knowledge in the event of conflict gentleman yield? plex and technical. Some of us here and before invasion that will save many, Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentle­ who visited the great underground fac­ many American lives. man from Georgia. tory at Nordhausen in Germany 3 or 4 Let us be honest. This is a dirty Mr. VINSON. Let me call the atten­ weeks before the surrender of the Reich business, but war is dirty.' It is dan­ tion of the gentleman from New York went through 33 miles of subterranean gerous business, but war is dangerous. to the fact that this involves the same passages where the V-1 and V -2 bombs So while I was inclined at the beginning principle and is the same thing seamen were being manufactured. We .had wit­ to vigorously oppose this bill, and while had. There are laws on the statute nessed the appalling destruction in both there are aspects to it that are repug- books today that an alien seaman can 9104 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22 get citizenship after 5 years of service this reservoir of manpower desirous of Mr. DONDERO. That is what I on a ship. The identical thing is in enlisting in our services. ggther from the gentleman's speech. this bill. This would give these soldiers . and Mr. SHORT. Absolutely. That is Mr. SHORT. May I also call the at­ prospective citizens something to work the reason we reduced the number to tention of the gentleman from New York for, and during the 5-year period we 2;500 because it is more or less a new to the language on page 2, lines 5 to 8: could indoctrinate them with the funda­ project. It is going to be a matter of Persons enlisted under the provisions of mentaJs of Americanism and good citi­ t rial and error. If it proves successful this act shall be integrated into established zenship. If after rendering honorable then we can expand it and enlarge it. units with citizen soldiers and not segre­ service and found qualified, they would If it does not, we can get rid of it. gated into separate organizations for aliens. be in excellent condition to make good Mr. SCRIVNER. Mr. Chairman, will So they are no more citizens than the sound American citizens. I think this the gentleman yield? people who resided for a brief period in is a great opportunity and this bill should Mr. SHORT. I yield. the United States before they went into pass overwhelmingly. Mr. SCRIVNER. What other bene­ the armed services. A few months of Mr. SHORT. God forbid that there fi ts will these men receive, besides the residence makes little difference. should be another conftict, but if we are oportunity to take out. American citi­ Mr. MARCANTONIO. I will tell the forced into it, I hope that when we in­ zenship if they are ordered to this coun­ gentleman what makes the big differ­ vade certain sections of the world we will try? I am referring definitely and .par­ ence. It is the fact that a person has have some people, a few , just a few, from ticularly. to . veterans' benefits. What migrated to the United States, together those regions who do speak the language, will they get? : with the fact that he has chosen our who do know the country, and who know Mr. SHORT. They will be entitled to country as the land in which he wants to conditions, and can advise our com­ the same rights, benefits, privileges, pre­ live. That man has the right to fight manders intelligently as to the problems i-ogatives anc1 pay as any other enlistee in for the United States and should be given they are going to face when they go in the United States Army anq no more. citizenship. But there is certainly a big there and take over. That is the pur­ Mr. SCRIVNER. That is whether difference between that situation and the pose of this bill. they come over here and take out Amer­ situation where you take a hireling There is little that anyone else, I think, ican citizenship .or not? abroad and confer citizenship upon him, could add to what our chairman has al­ Mr. SHORT. No; they have to be­ for what? ready given you. It is something that come American citizens and they will not . ·Mr. SHORT. I may say to the gen­ we cannot tell you everything about. become American citizens unless they are ­ tleman, and the gentleman well knows We would like to talk about it, but, as I brought to this country. it, and knows it as well or better perhaps said once in connection with the con­ Mr. SCRIVNER. The bill does not say than most of us, that there are hundreds sideration of similar legislation, perhaps that. of thousands of aliens and foreigners in the least we said about this in public Mr. SHORT. Yes it does. but I dare other countries who have been more the better off we all would be. say that not very many of them will Be­ eager but less fortunate in getting to Mr. VAN ZANDT. ·Mr. Chairman, will come citizens of the United States. the United States than those who are the gentleman yield? Mr. VINSON. The bill does say posi­ already here. Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman tively that they get no benefits until they Mr. GAVIN. Mr. Chairman, will the from Pennsylvania. become citizens of the United States. gentleman yield? Mr. VAN ZANDT. The gentleman is When the person becomes a citizen of the · Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman familiar with General MacArthur's United States, he will enjoy every benefit from Pennsylvania. island-hopping program in the Pacific? that every other citizen enjoys. Mr. GAVIN. I should like to call to Mr. SHORT. Very. Mr. SHORT. · He gets no more and no . attention of the gentleman my remarks Mr. VAN ZANDT. Were it not for the less . made when this proposal was before the fact he had aliens who knew the terrain, Mr. SCRIVNER. That still does not House in June 1948 about people who location of bridges, and so for th, on the answer the question as to what veter­ have no country to turn to. · They are islands under attack, he would have lost ans' benefits these men wili get whether stateless people. They cannot go back thousands upon thousands of lives. they become citizens or not. to their own countries· as they have no Mr. SHORT. There is no doubt about Mr. VINSON. He gets no benefits un­ country to go to. !"said at that time: that. I think it is an accurate historical til he becomes a citizen. He must be­ Now as far as availability of afiens is con­ and military fact that has been estab­ come a· citizen. cerned for enlistment, it ·might be said there lished. Mr. SCRIVNER. I think the commit­ are a considerable number of Polish ex-serv­ Mr. REES. · Mr. Chairman, will the tee should make that exceptionally clear ice:rnen; and in Britain alone it is es.timated gentleman yield? in the bill. there are about 110,000 of these men. How Mr. SHORT. I yield. many are in the United States and British Mr. REES. The thing that disturbs Mr. VINSON. He is an alien until he zones of Germany who could. be enlisted in becomes a citizen, so that he can enjoy me is that you have to put them in the any benefits under any of our laws. our Armed Forces, I am unable to say. But United States Army to get the informa­ I understand there are thousands of these tion you are talking about. Can you not Mr. SCRIVNER. He would be a vet­ stateless men and that a great many are eran as soon as he is discharged. being used by our forces for civilian guard secure the information without having to duty. take these people and putting them in Mr. VINSON. · He will not be a citizen. There are also a great number of males the United States Army to get that in­ He is an alien in every sense of the from the Baltic States-Estonia, Latvia, and formation which we are discussing now word until citizenship is conferred upon Lithuania-and some from Czechoslovakia and which was mentioned by the gentle­ him. and Yugoslavia, who are most reliable and man from Pennsylvania? These people Mr. SCRIVNER. Then I take it on the are potential soldiers. Many of these men who gave us the information that he word of the chairman that he would not have basic military training and ai·e welI receive any veterans' benefit unless he qualified to serve in our Army. talks about were not in our armed forces, were they? becomes a citizen? So it is not a question of taking them Mr.- SHORT. No; but if they fought Mr. VINSON. That is correct. into this country, they have ·no country side by side with us and were a part of Mr. SCRIVNER. Now the statement to go to. us, we would perhaps receive even greater has just been made here that very few Here we have a group of men who are help. If the thing does not become too of them are going to tal{e out citizenship stateless, who would be anxious to enlist top-heavy it would work out, there is papers-then where is the great reward in the services of the United States; who your danger. that you are talking about in this bill? understand the- characteristics and Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. SHORT. They will get the pay of language of the country in which they the gentleman yield for a question? a United States soldier while they are would serve; who would be good soldiers Mr. SHORT. I yield. serving for five long years. Some will and do a fine job for us. In fact, we have Mr. DONDERO. In other words, this become citizens but by no means all. used them in a civilian status. I think bill is intended really to make ·a con­ Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will this legislation is of great importance tribution to our national defense. the gentleman yield? and will give us an opportunity to . tap Mr. VINSON. Yes. Mr. SHORT. I yield. 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE / 9105 Mr. VAN ZANDT. Is it not true they ed a short cut to citizenship as a result Americans. I know they are much will be on probation for about 5 years of their honorable service during the smarter than' I am. before being granted citizenship? wars? Mr. GROSS. Of course I would not Mr. SHORT. Absolutely. And they Mr. SHORT. Yes; that is true. admit that. are watched and checked continually and Mr. VELDE. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. SHORT. And we need that scien­ carefully. gentleman yield? tific training and technologi'Cal develop­ Mr. VAN ZANDT. Also they will be Mr. SHORT. I yield. ment. Americans should not think that · under the strict observation of their Mr. VELDE. Certain mention has we have a monopoly on all the wisdom commanding ·officer who will have to been made of possibilities of war. I and virtue there is in this world. recommend whether or not they shall presume you include in the realm . of Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will be granted citizenship? possibilities a war with Russia. In the gentleman yield? Mr. SHORT. They will be combed what way would this help to get infor­ Mr. SHORT. I yield. when they are iJrought in by the Army mation from Russia about various fa­ Mr. VINSON. I think the gentleman and they will be combed by the Depart­ cilities in Russia? should make it clear, and the committee ment of State as well before they have Mr: SHORT. I am hopeful, myself, should understand, that anyone enlist­ the rights of citizenship bestowed upon that several of the Slavic countries be­ ing now will get no benefits of the GI bill them. hind the iron curtain can furnish us of rights, because they all had to serve Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. Mr. Chair­ with a few of this quota, because they during the other war. They apply only man, will the gentleman yield? possess a great deal of knowledge, not during that time, and they get no rights Mr. SHORT. I yield. only about their own countries behind that the GI obtains on account of his Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. The state­ the iron curtain, but they possess consid­ service during the war. He would get all ment has been made that about 115,000 erable knowledge about Russia itself. benefits of an enlisted man, clothes, ra­ or 116,000 aliens were in the Army in Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Will the gen­ tions, pay, and then he cannot get any­ the last war which just closed, and they tleman yield for one further qeustion? thing until he becomes an American were not citizens of the United States, Mr. SHORT. I yield. citizen. as I understand it. Do they get benefits Mi-. ALLEN of Illinois. Was there any Mr. SCRIVNER. Not even peacetime under the GI bill of rights, the same as testimony that this was the beginning of disability pensions? men who are citizens of the United a one-world army? Mr. VINSON. We have no peacetime States? Mr. SHORT. No. None whatever. disability pensions. Mr. KEARNEY. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. It is not the Mr. SCRIVNER. Oh, we most cer- the gentleman yield? forerunner to bring us under one general tainly dc:i. · Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentle­ army? Mr. SHORT. Yes; we have peacetime man from New York [Mr. KEARNEY], who Mr. SHORT. No, no. I think l . can disability pensions. is a member of the Committee on Vet­ allay the gentleman's fears and appre­ Mr. SCRIVNER. The question I want erans Affairs, to answer that question. hensions on that score. to ask is this: As I read this bill, when Mr. KEARNEY. If they are honor­ Mr. ELSTON. Mr. Chairman, will the these men enlist they are to be unmar­ ably discharged members of the armed gentleman yield? ried aliens, men without dependents. services, they are entitled to the bene­ Mr. SHORT. I yield. Mr. SHORT. Men without depend­ fits of veterans legislation. Mr. ELSTON. As a matter of fact, . ents; so it will be cheaper. Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. But under there are three safeguards. First, they · Mr. SCRIVNER. How long will they this bill unless they become citizens of must serve 5 years in the Armed Forces have to remain unmarried and without the United States they are not entitled of the United States. dependents? There is nothing in the bill to any of the benefits of the GI bill of Mr. SHORT. Yes. , which says how long they shall re­ right3? Mr. ELSTON. And, in the second main so. Mr. SHORT. That is right. place, they must be sent to this country Mr. SHORT. During his term of en­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Chairman, on orders of military authorities? listment, I should think. will the gentleman yield? Mr. SHORT. Yes, sir. Mr. VINSON. No. You cannot en­ Mr. SHORT. I yield. Mr. ELSTON. And, in the third place, list anyone unless he is a single man. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. What would which has not been mentioned, they Mr. SCRIVNER. But he can enlist be the position of the individual soldier must otherwise possess all other qualifi­ today and get married the next day and in the event that the United States went cations of a citizen. develop a line of dependents, and in 5 to war against his country? Does he Mr. SHORT. Oh, yes. Yes. Abso­ years he could have at least three. have to give up any allegiance to his own lutely. Mr. VINSON. They could not do that country while serving under the Stars Mr. GROSS. Mr. Chairman, will the without permission of the service. and Stripes? gentleman yield? Mr. SCRIVNER. There is nothing in the bill that says so. Mr. SHORT. Why, certainly, abso~ Mr. SHORT. I yield. lutely. If he does not, he would in all Mr. GROSS. It is presumed that these Mr. VINSON. He cannot do it, be­ probability lose his head if he went back men are going to win stripes soon after cause that is during the term of his to his own country. they get into the American Army? Is enlistment. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. What does he that not right? Mr. SHORT. That is my under- have to do with regard to serving his Mr. SHORT. Yes. I hope so; they will standing. · · allegiance to his own country? be no good if they do not. Mr. SCRIVNER. There . is not any Mr;. SHORT. When he goes into the .. Mr. GROSS. What effect will that bar on it. United States Army he pledges alle­ have upon the morale of the American Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield giance and swears loyalty and fealty to Army? myself 2 minutes to clear up this matter. . the :flag, Constitution, and institutions Mr. SHORT. I think the Amerh::an is Anyone serving ·outside of the United of the United States. willing to compete with anybody at any States cannot get married without the Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. He takes the time, and if he is not willing to do it, Permission of the commanding officer oath? then he should be ashamed to call him­ under whom he serves. That applies to Mr. SHORT. Yes. If he is caught self an American. citizens, and it will apply in cases of reneging or cheating, of course, it is his Mr. GROSS. But you ,.are going to this kind. neck through court martial in our own bring those men in here and almost au­ Mr. SCRIVNER. . Let us follow that forces; or. if he tries to go back to his tomatically bestow stripes on them. a little. Here, for instance, the enlistee own country, they would put him before Mr. . SHORT. Oh, no. Not at all. could be the elder son or any son of the the firing squad the following morning. They come in as enlisted men, and they family; the parent dies; he has four or · Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will serve through the grades. However, I five brothers and sisters dependent upon the gentleman yield? dare say the men who are chosen will be him. If they are actual dependents he Mr. SHORT. I yield. . men who possess many skills and spe­ is entitled to benefits for them under Mr. VAN ZANDT. Is it not true veter­ cialized knowledge and are. much the pay bill, just the same as our men . ans of World \\"ars I anc II were grant- smarter in some ways even than many are. 9106 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22 Mr. VINSON. He would be entitled men are pushed around by generals be- . Mr. VINSON. In answer to the gen­ as an enlisted man to any benefits other cause they just W3.nt this or just want tleman from Kansas, my viewpoint would enlisted men in the Army are entitled to. that done. If there is any committee be that a great many people are in coun­ Mr. SCRIVNER. That is just exactly of Congress th'.lt is independent and tries that are dominated by outside coun­ what I figured. that is independent in its thinking, it is tries, and therefore this gives an oppor­ Mr. GROSS. Mr. Chairman, will the the Armed Services Committee. tunity to serve where he feels he can be gentleman yield? Mr. GOSSETT. I concede to my good of some benefit. Mr. VINSON. I yield. friend that he has a very distinguished Mr. GOSSETT. We are not setting Mr. GROSS. The gentleman predi­ committee; but, unfortunately, the com­ up the American Army as an escape cates his answer on overseas service. mittees of this Congress-and that ap­ avenue for people who may want to run There is nothing in this bill that states plies to all of us-generally tend to lean away from theiT own country. that the man will be in overseas service t oo heavily upon the bureaus and agen­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the or any part of it. cies whose business they handle. gentleman from Texas lias expired. Mr. VINEON. He has to enlist from Mr. VINSON. This committee does Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield overseas, and he is kept overseas until not do it; this committee does its own the gentleman one additional minute. the Army orders him here. thinking. That is the reason why we Let me aslt the gentleman from Texas Mr. GROSS. The bill does not say so. are oftentimes in controversy with the this question: Is it not a fact that a Mr. VINSON. Then if he is ordered departments. similar kind of provision exists in ref­ here, after serving 5 yearJ honorably, he Mr. GOSSETT. And there are some erence to serving by aliens under the is eligible for citizenship. That is all members of the gentleman's committee seamen's law? the bill does. who are not very well sold on this bill, I Mr. GOSSETT. That is true, and I Mr. GROSS. But this bill makes no might say, notwithstanding the atmos­ think that act ought to be repealed. It such provision. phere of unanimity the gentleman seeks is bad legislation. Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield to throw around it. Mr. VINSON. I have a copy of it be­ 5 minutes to the distinguished gentle:. What I am trying to say is that we fo re me. We are doing no more by this . man from Texas [Mr. GOSSETT]. have already taken care of this situation bill than is already on the statute books Mr. GOSSETT. Mr. Chairman, the in the bill passed last·year and in the bill in reference to serving on ships as sea­ distinguished chairman of the commit­ now pending in the other body. men, is that not correct? tee said this was not a bill to get excited And let me make this point: The dis­ Mr. GOSSETT. That is correct, but about, and I am not going to get excited tinguished Member of the other body who one bad law does not justify another bad about it; but I am opposed to the bill, authored this bill, after his return from law. These persons who are going to and I want to explain briefly the reasons Europe, recommended the discharge of fore swear and repudiate allegiance to for my opposition. all aliens in the State Department. Now their own country would not be the Last year, if you will recall, out of this he wants to employ aliens abroad in the sort of individual we would want to make same committee we passed a bill to per­ American Army. an 'American citizen. That is the sor t mit the CIC-I believe that is right, any­ Reference has been made here to the of person you are inviting by this legis­ way the intelligence forces-to bring in citizenship provisions that we extended lation. If he is not a good citizen of the 100 persons; they could bring in anyone to aliens serving in wartime. Those were country for which he refuses to fight and they wanted to. It was thought at that aliens resident in this country. the country that he deserts, he is not time and it was argued at that time This bill sets up a complete new de­ going to be a very good citizen of this that such would take care of the emer­ parture from any policy that has ever country. gency cases of persons furnishing infor­ heretofore been followed in this country, Let me remind the committee that this mation to the armed services. Recently, and I submit it is a dangerous policy, a bill obligates '4S, as a matter of fact, to in this session of Congress-and I want needless policy, an unnecessary policy, give the enlisted alien citizenship. the gentleman to follow me here-re­ and that we should not pass this type of ~The CHAIRMAN. The time of the cently, in this session of Congress we legislation. gentleman has again expired. passed the Walter bill for selective im­ Mr. REES. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield migration, and we provided that a board gentleman yield? myself 1 minute. should be set up composed of a repre­ sentative from each of Commerce, State, Mr. GOSSETT. I yield to the gentle­ Mr. Chairman, I want to call the com­ Justice, Labor, and the armed services­ man from Kansas. mittee's attention to the fact that for 10 five on this board-to pick 2,500 per year. Mr. REES. There is another thing years there has been on the statute books They could just give an immigration visa that disturbs me. Under this bill, we are an act providing that aliens who volun­ to any person they wanted, regardless holding out to a foreigner, a man who teer, and serve honorably for a period of of who he was or his place in line. That lives in a foreign country, the promise 3 years on our ships at sea, automatically would take care of persons of peculiar that, if he will relinquish his citizenship, get citizenship if their service has been skills or those whom we thought might his allegiance to his own country, then satisfactory. So wha,t is the use of get­ be of service to this country. he can join the American Army and have ting disturbed about this legislation? My opposition to this bill is that it is the benefits same as our armed forces. Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Chairman, a new gadget, of which we have too many It seems to me it is a rather strange sit­ will the gentleman yield? already, for obtaining American citizen­ uation when we have to go through this Mr. VINSON. I yield to the gentle­ s!. ip. My guess is that if this bill should process to protect ourselves and ou:r man from New York. become law probably a million aliens country against a potential enemy or an Mr. MARCANTONIO. Does not the would like to enlist, becau~e it certainly enemy we think we may have later on. statute provide that these seamen must would be a bonanza for them; the emolu­ We tell a fellow in some foreign country have been lawfully admitted? ments and privileges of service in the who joins our forces that, in the event Mr. VINSON. No; it does not pro­ American Army certainly exceed those we have to go to war with his country vide that at all. He is not even ad­ of most jobs and professions abroad. I or any country, ''You must give up all of mitted. He enlists when the ship goes am just a little tired of passing legisla­ your rights and relinquish your citizen­ abroad and· he makes a contract and tion year in and year out, multitudinous ship and join the American Army.'' serves for 3 years. We already have a legislation, because some general in the Mr. GOSSETT. . We are asking the law like this, and everybody is getting armed services, or some secretary comes man to forswear his allegiance, assum­ excited about extending- almost the same in and says, "We need it; we want it." ing thereby we will make him a better provisions to th~ Army. I do not know the parentage of this par­ servant of our own. Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Chairman, will ticular bill, but I fear it is ill-conceived. Mr. REES. Which to me is a rather the gentleman yield? Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will the strange situation, especially considering Mr. VINSON. I yield. gentleman yield? this is a peacetime measure. Mr. JOHNSON. The big point. is that Mr. GOSSETT. I yield. Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will the the people we propose to enlist are with­ Mr. VINSON. I certainly trust the gentleman yield? · out a country. They are all ' over there gentleman will not try to convey the Mr. GOSSE'IT. I yield to the gentle­ in the occupied areas. thought to this committee that we 35 man from Georgia. Mr. VINSON. That is it exadly. 1950. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-H_OUSE 9107 Mr. JOHNSON. They cannot go back The Clerk read as follows': teamwork do not start breakjng up the to the Baltics and the other countries. Amendment offered by Mr. VINSON to the team with amendments such as this one. Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, if there committee amendment: Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will the are no further requests for time, I ask Page 3, line 11, strike out the words "or gentlen.an yield? that the bill be read for amendment. earlier." · Mr. STEFAN. I yield to the gentle­ The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read. The amendment was agreed to. man from Georgia. The Clerk read the bill, as follows: The committee amendment as amend­ Mr. VINSON. I would say in response Be it enacted, etc., That, with the ap­ ed was agreed to. to the gentleman's observation that the proval of the Secretary of State, the Secre­ Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I offer State Department further than being tary of the Army, under such regulations as an amendment. mentioned in this bill is bound to be in the Secretary of the Army may prescribe, ls The Clerk read as follows: the picture. The St&.te Department un­ authorized until June 30, 1951, to accept der the National Security Act is in all original enlistments in the Regular Army Amendment offered by Mr. VINSON: phases of the Army, Navy, and Air de­ for periods of not less than 5 years of not On page 1, strike out lines 3 and 4 and to exceed 10,000 qualified unmarried aliens Insert in lieu thereof the following: "That fenses. Under that act they are con­ (without dependents as defined in sec. 4 the Secretary of the Army, under such reg­ versant with each other. Even though of the act of June 16, 1942 ( 56 Stat. 361) , ulations as the Secretary of." you leave out the Secretary of State, no as amended) , who are not less than 18 years And on page 2, strike out lines 1 and 2 man, I am satisfied, would be enlisted of age or more than 35 years of age; and, with and insert in lieu thereof the following: "35 unless the Secretary of State was cogni­ the approval of the Secretary of State, to years of age, and to accept reenlistment of zant of the importance of these various accept reenlistment of any such alien upon any such alien upon." enlistments. So I do not think it would the expiration of his original term of enlist­ hurt to leave out that phrase. The rea­ ment for such period or periods as the Sec­ Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I desire retary of the Army may determine. to state that this is the language that I son the gentleman has just advanced SEc. 2. Provisions of law prohibiting the offered to strike out, so that no one has was the reason we put it in, but the gen­ payment of any person not a citizen of the any authority over this except the Secre­ tleman heard the debate. United States shall neither apply to aliens tary of the Army. Mr. STEFAN. I have heard the de­ who enlist in the Regular Army under the Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise bate, and I think it is a dangerous prece­ provisions of section 1 of this act nor to in opposition to the amendment. dent you are setting by your amendment. their dependents and beneficiaries. Mr. VINSON. It might be. So let us SEC. 3. So much of section 2 of the act ap­ Mr. Chairman, I listened very carefully to the debate on this particular phase do this. The committee heard the de­ proved August 1, 1894 (28 Stat., chs. 179, 216; bate. If the committee want to leave 10 U.S. C. 625), as amended, as reads"; and of this bill, that is, that part of it whl.ch in time of peace no person (except an In­ relates to the Department of State. I it out, let them leave it out. If they want dian) who is not a citizen of the United hope the gentleman will withdraw this to keep it in, let them keep it in. It is , States. or who has not made legal declaration amendment; and I will tell you why. immaterial to me. The committee of his intention to become a citizen of the The United States has about 300 missions wanted it in, but to meet certain objec­ United States, shall be enlisted for the first scattered over the world today. They tions that were being raised to this bill I enlistment ln the Army" ls hereby sus­ offer this amendment to give the com­ pended until June 30, 1951, with respect to are expected to be our first line of de­ mittee an opportunity to decide on it. enlistments made under section 1 of this act. fense. In each of these missions we Now, if they want to vote it out, let them SEC. 4. Notwithstanding the periods set have the chief. He is the sole repre­ vote it out, but-let us vote on it. forth therein, the provisions of section 324A sentative of the United States in that Mr. STEFAN. In spite of my admira­ Of the Nationality Act of 1940, as added by part of the world. Under him we have the act of June 1, 1948 (Public Law 567, various employees who are the eyes and tion for the chairman of the Committee 80th Cong.), are applicable to aliens en­ ears of our Government. In some of on Armed Services, I must oppose his listed or reenlisted pursuant to the pro­ these missions we have military, naval, amendment. It shows lack of confidence visions ·of this act. Any alien enlisted or· of a very important part of our national reenlisted pursuant to the provisions of this and air attaches. All foreign affairs and defense team. act who subsequently enters the United contacts with foreign governments must I urge the Committee to vote against States or an outlying possession thereof (in­ be cleared through these missions and the amendment. cluding the Panama Canal Zone, but ex­ eventually through the Department of The CHAIRMAN. The question is on· cluding the Philippine Islands) pursuant to State at home. These missions handle military orders shall be deemed to have been all of our foreign problems including the the amendment offered by the gentleman lawfully admitted to the United States for questions of immigration. This bill is in from Georgia [Mr. VINSON]. permanent residence within the meaning of part a problem of immigration but main­ The question was taken; and on a divi­ such section 324A. ly it is part of the stockpiling against a sion (demanded by Mr. ALLEN of Illi­ With the following committee amend­ probable future emergency. It stock­ nos) there were-ayes 14, noes 58. piles men into our service. The Chief of So the amendment was rejected. ments: Mr. GOSSETT. Mr. Chairman, I of­ Page l, line 5, strike out "1951" and insert National Defense and the Chief of our Army say it is necessary. That is a fer an amendment. "1953." . The Clerk read as follows: Page 1, line 6, after the word "enlistments", must in the plans for future defense. insert "or reenlistments." But the plans for future defense is an all­ Amendment offered by Mr. GOSSETT: On Page 1, line 8, strike out "teh thousand" inclusive one. It brings together not page 1, line 9, after the word "unmarried", and insert "two thousand five hundred." only the armed servkes but our Foreign insert "male." Page 2, line 5, after the colon, insert "Pro­ Service and the State Department are Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, we ac­ vided, That persons enlisted under the pro­ on this defense team. Each is part of cept the amendment. It was never in­ visions of this act shall be integrated into, established units with citizen soldiers and the defense wheel and the Foreign Serv­ tended that anyone except male aliens not segregated into separate organizations ice and the State Department are most would be enlisted in the service. for aliens." important spokes in this wheel. The The CHAIRMAN. The question is on Page 2, line 21, strike out "1951" and in­ amendment. of the chairman of the the amendment offered by the gentle­ sert "1953." Armed Services Committee is dangerous man from Te·xas [Mr. GossETTJ. because it tears out two important spokes The amendment was agreed to. The committee amendments were and entirely bypasses the State Depart­ The CHAffiMAN. Under the rule, the agreed to. ment which now deals with these prob­ committee rises. The Clerk read as follows: lems of aliens in foreign lands who want Accordingly the Committee rose; and Committee amendment: Page 3, line 10, to come to our country. No matter what the Speaker having resumed the chair, after the word "shall", insert the following: any of you think personally about the Mr. CARROLL, Chairman of the Commit­ "if otherwise, qualified for citizenship,. and Secretary of State or the State Depart­ tee of the Whole House on the State of after completion of five or more years of military service, or earlier if honorably dis­ ment I urge you to vote against this the Union, reported that that Commit­ charged therefrom." amendment. This country must have tee, having had under consideration the a good Department of State and a good bill (S. 2269) to provide for the enlist­ Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I offer Foreign Service and neither should be ment of aliens in the Regular Army, pur­ an amendment to the committee amend­ bypassed in legislation dealing with our suant to House Resolution 649, he re­ ment. serious . defense problems. ·If we want ported the bill back to the House with . 9108 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22 sundry amendments adopted by the Vorys Widne.11 Woodruff Mr. McGuire for, with Mrs. Woodhouse Wadsworth Wigglesworth Young against. Committee of the Whole. Wagner Wilson, Okla. Zablocki , Mr. Mack of Illinois for, with Mr. Teague The SPEAKER. Under the rule, the Walter Withrow against. previous question is ordered. Weichel Wolcott Mr. Wolverton for, with Mr. Mason against. _ Is a separate vote demanded on any NAYS-84 Mr. Kearns for, with Mr. Macy against. amendment? If not, the Chair will put Abernethy Golden O'Hara, Minn. Mr. Herter for, with Mr. McMillen of Illi­ them en gross. Allen, Ill. Gossett O'Toole nois against. - The amendments were agreed to. Allen, La. Grant Passman Gregory Patman Until further notice: The SPEAKER. The question is on Andersen, H. Carl Gross Patten Mr. Jackson of Washington with Mr. the third reading of the bill. Andrews Hagen Piclrntt _ The bill was ordered to be read a third Angell Harris Poage K eefe. Barden Hart Rains Mr. Rubicoff with Mr. Auchincloss. time, and was read the third time. Barrett, Wyo. Harvey Rankin Mr. Steed with Mr. Taylor. The SPEAKER. The question is on Battle Hays, Ohio Reed, Ill. Mr. Stigler with Mrs. St. George. the passage of the bill. Bennett, Mich. Hill Reed, N. Y. Mr. Regan with Mr. Gamble. Bishop Hoeven . Rees M_·. Miller of California with Mr. James. The question was taken; and on a di­ Blatnik Hoffman, Mich. Rich vision Uld like to inquire Mr. BROWN of Ohio. I have asked shall not object to the present considera­ of the majority leader if he can advise the gentleman to yield in view of the tion of the resolution. However, I want as to the program for next week. statement made relative to a possible the RECORD to show my consistent and Mr. McCORMACK. I should be very rule being granted in connection with conscientious opposition to any form of glad to do so. the tax bill. I have just informed the selective-service legislation. Monday is District Day .. There are majority leader and the minority leader The SPEAKER. Is there objection to seven bills on the District Committee that both the chairman of the Ways and tt.e request of the gentleman from agenda. I am not sure if they will be Means Committee and the ran\dng Re­ Georgia? called up in this order, but I am stating publican member have informed me that There was no objection. them in the fallowing order for the in­ they will request a rule for 2 days' de­ The Clerk read the joint resolution formation of the House. bate on the bill. (S. J. Res. 190) , as fallows: H .. R. 2887, known as the architect's Mr. McCORMACK. I am very glad Resolved, etc., That subsection (b) of sec­ registration bill. to get that information. I did not have tion 17 of the Selective Service Act of 1948 H. R. 6669, the rent control bill. that information and my announcement as amended by striking out "the second an­ H. R. 7881, known as the dead human of the program was predicated upon the niversary of the date of enactment of this bodies bill. assumption which the gentleman kindly tit le" and inserting in lieu thereof "July 9, H. R. 8055, relating to banks, demand 1950." confirms. items. Mr. HALLECK. I might say to the The joint resolution was ordered to be H ..R. 8709, relating to the health officer gentleman from Massachusetts that, of read a third time, was read the third and assistant. course, I am in complete accord with the time, and passed, and a motion to re­ H. R. 8710, relating to the Eastern arrangement in respect to the Members consider was laid on the table. High School Stadium. from Georgia and their primary on next H. R. 8782, relating to nurseries and Wednesday. It just so happens, how- ADJOURNMENT OVER nursery schools. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I -ever, that out in Indiana both parties are On Monday we are- hopeful that the having their State conventions, which is ask unanimous consent that when the Rules Committee will report out a rule a matter of some consequence to all of House adjourns today it adjourn to meet making in order consideration of the tax us from Indiana. on Monday next. bill. I have no knowledge now what pe­ I take it the leadership will be seek­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to riod of time the rule will provide for, but the request of the gentleman from Mas­ ing a closed rule on the tax bill. upon the assumption that there will be Mr. McCORMACK. Yes. sachusetts? 2 days' debate, then the tax bill will be Mr. HALLECK. If that is granted, There was no objection. taken up Tuesday and Wednesday. Of then on Thursday the business would S1UNiNG OF ENROLLED BILLS AND JOINT course, Wednesday is primary day in simply be calling the roll on the motion RESOLUTIONS Georgia, and in accordance with the to recommit -and the passage of the bill, Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I policy of respecting that in the case of if a roll call should develop. ask unanimous consent that notwith- all States, if the program is carried out, Mr. McCORMACK. Exactly. 1..tanding the adjournment of the House the roll call will take place on Thursday. I find it difficult at times to make a pro­ it may be in order for the Clerk to re­ If we are not fortunate enough to have -gram that will be pleasing to everyone, C3ive any messages from the Senate, and the Rules Committee report out a rule on but I am sure the Members know I do my the Speaker be authorized to sign any Monday-and I hope it will-and they best to have the program of the House enrolled bills and joint resolutions duly report it out later in the week, of course that will be pleasing as far as humanly passed by both Houses and found truly the tax bill will come up next week. possible to the membership on both sides. enrolled. Any conference reports, of course, are If by meeting an hour earlier on Thurs­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to always in order for consideration. That day next it would be of assistance I would the request of the gentleman from Mas­ is subject to giving the membership be glad to do it, and I am sure that the sachusetts? proper notice, if they are important ones. membership of the House would concur There was no objection. Any further program I will announce in such action. later on, if there is any for next week. Mr. HALLECK. I was on the point of EXTE'NSION OF RE.'MARKS I would like to get in as much as I can suggesting, in view of the situation of Mr. PATTERSON (at the request of next week because, while I cannot make the Georgia Members with respect to Mr. MICHENER) was given permission to any definite commitment now, I am their returning to Washington and extend his remarks. hopeful that the week of July 4 will be other Members who would be away, that 9110 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22 it would be a good thing. I am glad the monument and grave site by the trustees of istration, I call up House Resolution 642 majority leader has that in mind, be­ Glenwood Cemetery, and the further sum of and ask for its immediate consideration. not to exceed $400 for a suitable bronze and cause I am convinced that it would be of stone monument to mark the grave of the The Clerk read the resolution, as fol­ considerable assistance to the Members. said Constaintino Brumidi." lows: Mr. McCORMACK. If the gentleman Amend the title so as to read: "An act to Resolved, That th~re shall be paid out of from Indiana desires that, I hope he will provide for the erection of a bronze and stone the contingent fund of the House to Mrs. confer with me next week. monument at the grave of Constantino Dorothy W. Upton, wife of Edward P. Upton, Mr. HALLECK. Yes; I shall be glad to Brumidi." late an employee of the House of Representa­ tives, an amount equal to .6 months' salary . do that, and I may say to the gentleman The SPEAKER. Is there objection to at the rate he was receiving at the time that I am glad to hear his announcement the request of the gentlewoman from of his death and an additional amount not for the week oft.he 4th of July. We have New Jersey? to exceed $350 toward defraying the funeral been working here quite steadily, and as There was no objection. expenses of said Edward P. Upton. far as I can· discover, the House is right 'I'he Senate amendments were con­ The resolution was agreed to. well up with its work. curred in. Mr. McCORMACK. The House · has A motion to reconsider was laid on · A motion to reconsider was laid on the the table. been most cooperative. I have expressed table. my appreciation before, ·and I cannot MRS. CATHERINE REGINA ANDREWS emphasize i: too strongly. We are caught HONORARY DEGREE CONFERR.ED ON MRS. NORTON Mrs. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, by up, and I do not know of anything now direction of the Committee on House which will not permit an. exceedingly Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I Administration, I call up House Resolu­ light -week, if there- be anything at all ask unanimous consent to address the tion 662 ·and ask for its immediate con­ for the week of the Fourth. But, of House for 1 minute. sideration. course I would like just a slight. leeway The SPEAKER. Is there ol}jection to The Clerk read the resolution, as fol­ to pro'tect myself, because I feel obli­ the request of the gentleman from Mas­ lows: gated to carry out any absolute state­ sachusetts? R.esolved, That there shall be paid out of ment I make to the House. I should like There was no objection. the contingent fund of the House to MrS'. a slight lee_way in case something should ·Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I Cathe'rine Regina :Andrews, widow of Joh.n develop. seek recognition at this time-and the Andrews, late an employee of the House of Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, will the gentlewoman frorr New Jersey is not Representatives. an amount equal° to 6- gentleman yield? aware of the purpose for my doing so-­ months' salary at the rate he was receiving Mr. HALLECK. I yield. to convey to my colleagues of the House at the time of his death and an additional amount not the exceed $350 toward defray...: Mr. HARRIS. I should like to ask the information that I know will be pleasing ing the funeral expenses of said John ma.jority leader if under the circum­ to all of them. Andrews. · stances that he has presented the rule is We all have deep respect for the gen- granted and the tax bill is considered on . tlewoman froi:n New Jersey [Mrs. NoR­ The resolution was agreed to. Tuesday and Wednesday and the vote TONJ without regard to party. No matter· A motion to reconsider was laid on should go over until Thursday, .would what may be any Member's difference of the ·taole. · · the vote be the first order of business on opinion with her on legislation, there is MRS. EDITH CHARON Thursday? profound respect for her because of her Mrs. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, by Mr. McCORMACK.· Exactly; the vote ability, her sincerity, and her courage; direction of the Committee on House would be the first order of business on I know the membership of the House Administration, I call up House Resolu­ Thursday. will be pleased to learn that she received tion 654 and ask for its immediate con­ Mr . HALLECK. Then, I take it, unless a great honor. The St. Bonaventure sideration. something develops in the meantime, College, a great Catholic institution, re­ The Clerk read the resolution, as fol­ that the House would adjourn over until cently conferred upon our colleague and lows: · the following Monday. friend, the gentlewoman from New Jer­ Resolved, That there shall be paid out Mr. McCORMACK. That is my in­ sey [Mrs. NORTON],' the greatest honor. of the. contingent fund of the House to Mrs. tention, of course; that is always my ln­ any institution can confer upon anyone, Edith Charon wife of Jean E. Charon, late tention, and the House has always co­ an honorary degree, in her case the de- an employee of the House of Representatives, operated where it could be carried out. gree of LL.D., doctor of laws. · an amount equal to 6 months' salary at the MONUMENT TO CONSTANTINO BRUMIDI I know that in extending my congratu­ rate he was_receiving at the time of his death lations I am extending the congratula­ and an additional amount not to exceed 4)35 0 Mrs. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, I _ask toward defraying the funeral expenses of tioni> of all my colleagues to the gentle­ said J ean E. Charon. unanimous consent to take from th_e woman from New Jer.sey [Mrs. NORTON] Sneaker's table the bill in­ dered to be printed. committee to conduct an investigation and surance; to the Committee on Interstate Mr. CANNON: Committee of conference. study of sex crimes; to the Committee on and Foreign Commerce. H. R. 8567. A bill making appropriations to Rules. supply deficiencies in certain appropriations By Mr. FLOOD: for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, and H. Res. 664. Resolution requesting the for other purposes; ·without amendment President to appoint .a bipartisan commis­ (Rept. No. 2318). Ordered to be printed. sion relating to American policy in Japan; SENATE to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Mr. NIXON: FRIDAY, JUNE 23, 1950 REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE H. Res. 665. Resolution creating a select BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS committee to conduct an investigation and