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Identification of Historic Resources Associated Identification of Historic Resources Associated with Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Generating Station, Grimes County, Texas FINAL DRAFT - Cultural Resources Assessment (CRA) – Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Generating Station Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Partners, LLC Grimes County, Texas May 2014 www.erm.com Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Partners, LLC Final Draft - Cultural Resources Assessment (CRA) - Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Generating Station May 2014 Project No. 0189555 Grimes County, Texas Prepared by: Tara McClure-Cannon, RPA Dave Port, RPA Danna Allen, Architectural Historian of ERM, and Sean Nash, RPA, of Coastal Environments, Inc. (CEI), Corpus Christi, Texas Tara McClure-Cannon, RPA Principal Investigator Environmental Resources Management CityCentre Four 840 West Sam Houston Parkway North, Suite 600 Houston, Texas 77024-3920 T: 281-600-1000 Texas Registered Engineering Firm F-2393 Texas Board of Professional Geoscientist Firm 50036 ABSTRACT Report Title: Cultural Resources Assessment (CRA) – Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Generating Station, Grimes County, Texas Report Date: February 25, 2014 Sponsor: Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Partners, LLC (the Client) Agency: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Permit Number: N/A Report Background and Section 106 Undertaking: Environmental Resources Management (ERM) completed cultural resources investigations for Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Partners, LLC to support a Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) Permit Application for the Tenaska Roan’s Prairie Generating Station (the Project). Coastal Environments, Inc. (CEI), under contract to ERM, assisted with the background research and Phase I intensive archeological survey. ERM conducted the aboveground resources reconnaissance of the Project site with a 1,000-foot buffer surrounding the Project site. Additionally, a 1-mile indirect area of potential effects was reviewed for significant cultural resources surrounding the Project site. The GHG permit will be issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the PSD program of the Clean Air Act (CAA). Therefore, the Project will be subject to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966, as amended. The purposes of information presented in this report are to: 1. Identify historic properties (archeological and aboveground resources) located within the Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the Project; 2. Evaluate if the historic properties are Eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP); and 3. Determine the effects of the Project on identified historic properties. As defined, historic properties are cultural resources listed on or eligible for listing on the NRHP as presented in the Section 106 implementing regulations under 36 CFR §800. The information provided in this report is intended for utilization by EPA in the agency’s compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA pursuant to the issuance of the GHG permit. Identification of Historic Properties: The Project is to be located on a 195 acre parcel located approximately 1-mile east of Roans Prairie, on the south side of Highway 30 in Grimes County, Texas. ERM completed an intensive archeological inventory of 115 acres north of an east/west-trending creek within the 195 acre parcel and a pedestrian reconnaissance of the 80 acres south of the Texas Registered Engineering Firm F-2393 ii G:\2014\0189555\20655Hrpt(RevDraft-CRA-Roans).docx Texas Board of Professional Geoscientist Firm 50036 creek. No development is planned for the southern 80 acres at this time. In the future, if any additional work is proposed that is considered a connected action to the current project (Generating Station project) or other development is proposed that requires compliance under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) in the southern section then additional archeological investigations will be necessary. The 195 acres and a 1,000-foot buffer surrounding the parcel were investigated in the field for aboveground resources. Additionally, a 0.60-mile long water interconnect line extending east across the neighboring Tenaska Frontier Partners property was investigated for archeological and aboveground resources in the direct area of potential effects. For indirect effects, a 1-mile viewshed area was reviewed for significant cultural resources surrounding the Project site. The investigations identified one on-site archeological site (41GM463) consisting of three (3) distinct loci and one off-site associated cemetery [Texas Historical Commission (THC) Designation GM-C030: Roan Family/Roan’s Prairie Cemetery]. The loci are located within the direct APE in the northern portion of the Project parcel and the cemetery is located adjacent to the west of the Project Site. All of the resources appear to be associated with the Roan family homestead (Site 41GM463). Research into the homestead, the presence of the Roan Family Cemetery, artifacts discovered during the investigations, and the fact that the property is still owned by descendants of the Roan Family, indicate that the three loci and cemetery are associated and should be considered one archaeological site. Following the identification of these resources, Tenaska and ERM met with the THC in order to determine an appropriate course of action to fully avoid the on- site archeological site. In an informal discussion with the THC on October 15, 2013, Tenaska and ERM suggested that a permanent fence line should be installed to prevent unauthorized visitation and to prevent disturbances of the on-site archeological resources. The THC concurred with this recommendation and did not require any buffers or set-backs from the site boundary. THC did recommend additional shovel testing to establish the location for the proposed fence line. This testing was completed following the meeting with the THC and an eastern site boundary was determined in the field based on negative shovel test results. Coordination with Potential Stakeholders: N/A Recommendations: Tenaska has proposed complete avoidance of the archeological site identified within the Project site. Following the installation of the permanent fence line, no further investigations are warranted. A Texas Archeological Site Form (TexSite) has been submitted to the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL) and a determination of NRHP eligibility has been completed for both historic properties identified. The Roan family homestead (Site 41GM463) should be considered Undetermined for listing on the NRHP, and the Roan Family/Roan’s Prairie Cemetery (GM-C030), as a contributing historic property to Site 41GM463, should also be considered Undetermined. Texas Registered Engineering Firm F-2393 iii G:\2014\0189555\20655Hrpt(RevDraft-CRA-Roans).docx Texas Board of Professional Geoscientist Firm 50036 The proposed Project as planned will have no adverse effects on either of these historic properties. Project Number: ERM Project No. 0189555 Project Location: Grimes County, Texas Acres Surveyed: 195 acres Archeology: Parcel Location - 115 acres (intensive), 80 acres (pedestrian reconnaissance); Water Interconnect Pipeline – 0.60-mile long (intensive) 1-mile desktop review of archaeological resources in the indirect APE Aboveground: Parcel Location - 195 acres plus 1,000-foot buffer Water Interconnect Pipeline – 0.60-mile long (direct APE only) 1-mile desktop review of aboveground resources in the Indirect APE Identified Resources: 1 Historic Archeological Site (41GM463: 3 associated historic archeological Loci) and 1 adjacent, aboveground, associated cemetery/contributing property, THC Designation GM-C030: Roan Family/Roan’s Prairie Cemetery NRHP Eligibility Status: Site 41GM463 - Undetermined for listing on the NRHP GM-C030 - Undetermined for listing on the NRHP Texas Registered Engineering Firm F-2393 iv G:\2014\0189555\20655Hrpt(RevDraft-CRA-Roans).docx Texas Board of Professional Geoscientist Firm 50036 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT II TABLE OF CONTENTS V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VII 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 SECTION 106 UNDERTAKING 2 1.2 SITE LOCATION AND HISTORY 3 1.3 AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS 3 1.3.1 APE For Direct Effects and THE PROJECT Area 4 1.3.2 APE FOR INDIRECT EFFECTS 6 1.4 GENERAL APPROACH TO CULTURAL INVESTIGATIONS 6 2.0 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT 8 2.1 GEOLOGY AND SOILS 8 2.2 FLORA AND FAUNA 9 3.0 CULTURAL SETTING 10 3.1 OVERVIEW 10 3.2 PREHISTORIC CULTURAL PERIODS 10 3.2.1 Paleoindian Period 10 3.2.2 Archaic Period 11 3.2.3 Late Prehistoric Period 11 3.3 HISTORIC CULTURAL PERIODS 13 3.3.1 Spanish Period 13 3.3.2 Mexican and Texian Period 13 3.3.3 Grimes County and Roans Prairie Community History 14 4.0 CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS 20 4.1 SITE FILE AND LITERATURE REVIEW 21 4.2 ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 23 4.2.1 Field Methods 23 4.3 RESULTS OF ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 24 4.3.1 Intensive Archeological Survey 24 4.3.2 HISTORIC ARCHEOLOGICAL ROAN FAMILY HOMESTEAD SITE (41GM463) 24 4.3.3 Artifact Analysis 33 4.4 EVALUATION OF HISTORIC ARCHEOLOGICAL RESOURCES 43 5.0 ABOVEGROND INVESTIGATIONS 45 5.1 FIELD METHODS 45 5.2 IDENTIFICATION OF HISTORIC PROPERTIES 45 5.3 GRIMES COUNTY HISTORICAL COMMISSION 46 5.4 EVALUATION OF ABOVEGROUND RESOURCES 46 Texas Registered Engineering Firm F-2393 v G:\2014\0189555\20655Hrpt(RevDraft-CRA-Roans).docx Texas Board of Professional Geoscientist Firm 50036 5.5 PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION OF EFFECTS FOR THE ROAN FAMILY HOMESTEAD SITE (41GM463) 49 6.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 51 7.0 REFERENCES 53 7.1 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS 53 7.2 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 53 APPENDICES
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