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Newsletter 3 Compiled by Peter Hanes Information Technol- ogy Specialist/Editor International (Canada- USA-UK) Black Studies INTERNATIONAL BLACK HISTORY NEWS email: peter.hanes@ verizon.net anada to Honor International Icon C Harriet Tubman, as a National Historic Person, at May 27, 2011 Plaque Unveiling in St. Catharines, Ontario The Government of Canada will honor international icon Harriet Tubman as a person of national historic significance, on May 27, 2011, at the Niagara region church where the distinguished abolitionist and Underground Railroad conductor worshipped. The Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada will recognize Tub- manwith the national designation for her heroism and outstanding con- tributions during a plaque dedication program at 11:00 am, Friday, May 27, 2011 at: Salem Chapel British Methodist Episcopal (BME) Church National Historic Site of Canada 92 Geneva Street Tubman St. Catharines, Ontario L2R 4N2 Canada Phone: 905-682-0993 t Born circa 1822 into slavery in Dorchester County, Maryland, Harriet Tubman escaped to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1849, before the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 that federalized the return of escaped slaves to their owners. She returned often to dangerous slaveholding territory to free others, including her family. Tubman is a North American icon who symbolizes the Underground Railroad, the historic resistance to enslavement through flight to freedom in the Western Hemisphere: she was a chief conductor on this clandestine network of antislavery activists and safe houses, guiding many enslaved through such dangerous territory, at great personal risk, to safety and freedom in the North, and especially Canada. The British Imperial Slavery Abolition Act 1833 came into force August 1, 1834, to outlaw slavery throughout the British Empire. At that time, the Em- pire spanned several continents and encompassed parts of the Caribbean, Africa, Canada, India, China, Australia, and South America as far as the tip of Argentina. Harrie This historic action fueled abolition movements worldwide that led to slavery’s end in Europe, the Caribbean colonies, the U.S., and South America. INTERNATIONAL BLACK HISTORY NEWS From 1850 to 1861, Tubman made her base of operations in St. Catharines, Canada West (now Ontario), where she was a leader in the abolitionist commu- nity, worked with church groups to help black refugees adapt to life in Canada, and fought to end slavery in the U.S. Tubman lived there and worshipped at the Salem Chapel BME Church, which was active in the antislavery movement. Tubman served honorably during the U.S. Civil War (1861-1865) as a cook, Editor’s Note: nurse, scout, and spy for the Union forces in Virginia, South Carolina, and Flor- Planners of Black ida. She again risked her life and advanced the quest for freedom by aiding en- History educa- slaved persons. President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclama- tional, cultural, tion in January 1863, and some five months later in June 1863, Tubman guided research, and Union troops in South Carolina on a successful raid along the Combahee River. commemora- The raid: freed over 700 enslaved persons; destroyed enemy commissary stores and buildings; and confiscated Confederate property. In 1865, the U.S. achieved tive projects and the war’s end and the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that ended programs are slavery. encouraged to integrate into such planning: the After the war, Tubman settled in Auburn, New York, where she cared for her 150th Anniversary family and other blacks who sought sanctuary in the North, and fought for pro- of the U.S. Civil gressive causes, including women’s suffrage. A deeply spiritual person involved War [2011-2015] with the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Zion Church, Tubman donated in which blacks land to the church on which she founded a home for poor and elderly blacks. Harriet Tubman died March 10, 1913 at this home and was buried with full mili- who served in the tary honors at the nearby Fort Hill Cemetery. Union army and navy, hailed from Harriet Tubman received numerous honors and tributes in her lifetime. Among the USA, Canada, many who praised her were her contemporaries, abolitionist Frederick Douglass and women’s suffragist leader Susan B. Anthony. Queen Victoria recognized for- the Caribbean, mer British subject Tubman’s distinguished contributions and invited her to the and other nations Diamond Jubilee Celebration (60th anniversary of the queen’s reign) in England, and continents; providing a gift of a shawl (ca. 1897) and according to accounts, a Diamond Ju- coordinated state- bilee silver medal. wide, province- wide, national and In a March 21, 2011 statement in the Canadian House of Commons, Rick- international Dyktra, Member of Parliament for St. Catharines [http://www.rickdykstra.ca/ ] commemora- said, “The Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada will honor Harriet tions to mark Tubman with a plaque to commemorate her heroism for future generations of the centennial Canadians…On May 27, I will proudly be joined by the members of the BME of international Church and my community to celebrate Harriet Tubman as one of Canada’s lead- ing abolitionists and a person of national historic significance.” heroine Harriet For more information on Harriet Tubman in Canada, Salem Chapel BME- Tubman’s pass- Church, and the 5/27/2011 Harriet Tubman National Historic Person Plaque ing on March Unveiling: See the Parks Canada Black History Portal and its listings of National 10, 2013. Historic Designations from the Black Community at http://www.pc.gc.ca/cul- ture/mhn-bhm/page2.aspx U.S. Senators Cardin, Mikulski introduce bill INTERNATIONAL BLACK HISTORY NEWS in U.S. Congress to Parks Canada Canadian Women’s History Portal establish two national parks to honor life http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/lhn-nhs/femmes-women/ of international icon index.aspx Harriet Tubman Harriet Tubman Institute for Research on the Global Migrations of African Peoples York University | Toronto, Ontario Commemorating the UN Interna- tional Year for People of African Descent http://harriet.tubman1.yorku.ca/ Contacts: U.S. Senators Ben Amandeep (Deep) Chawla Cardin and Barbara A. Mikulski, both of Parks Canada Maryland, on Hamilton, Ontario February 1, 2011, were joined by Email: [email protected] Senators Charles Phone: 905-526-9456 Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand, both of New York, in introducing Rochelle Bush Historian legislation in the 112th Salem Chapel BME Church Congress to honor the life of Har- St. Catharines, Ontario riet Ross Tubman (ca Email: [email protected] 1822-1913), the Phone: 905-682-0993 most famous “conduc- tor” of the anti-slavery resistance network known as the Underground Railroad. Related Tourism ResourcesToronto Pearson Interna- tional Airport http://www.gtaa.com/en/home/ Via Rail Canada [with service to Toronto and Ni- agara Falls, Ontario] http://www.viarail.ca/en U.S. Senate Bill S.247 Ontario Black History Society Harriet Tubman Nation- al Historical Parks Act http://www.blackhistorysociety.ca/ will establish two National Historic Parks, one in Mary- Toronto Convention and Visitors Association land and one in http://www.seetorontonow.com/ New York. The National Historical Park in Mary- land will trace Tubman’s Niagara Falls Convention and Visitors Bureauhttp:// early life on the East- www.niagarafallstourism.com/ ern Shore of Maryland, where she was born and later escaped from City of St. Catharines Toursim slavery to become one of the leaders on the http://www.tourismstcatharines.ca/ Underground Railroad. The National Historical Park in New York will be lo- cated in Auburn and will focus on her later years where she was active in the women’s suffrage movement and in providing for the welfare of aged African Americans. Harriet Tubman was born in Dorches- Washington Post March 11, 2010 ter County, Maryland, where she spent article Distinguished Historian/Cu- nearly 30 years as a slave. She escaped rator Charles Blockson Donates Har- slavery in 1849, but returned for more riet Tubman artifacts to Smithsonian than 10 years to Dorchester and Caro- http://www.washingtonpost.com/ line counties where she led hundreds of SAVE THE DATE wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/10/ AR2010031003451.html African Americans to freedom. Known Harriet Tubman as “Moses” by African-American and Underground Rail- SAVE THE DATE cont. white abolitionists, she reportedly never lost a “passenger” on the Underground road Conference Frederick Douglass Path to Free- Railroad. Tubman was also a U.S. dom Walking Tours and Harriet June 3-4, 2011 | Cam- Tubman in Maryland events | Sum- Civil War cook, nurse, scout and spy. bridge College | mer/Fall 2011 | and Annual Harriet For more Information Tubman Day in Maryland | March Chesapeake, MD 2012 Contact: Lou Fields | email: U.S. Senate Bill S.247, visit http:// [email protected] www.govtrack.us or http://www. http://www.tubma- thomas.gov and enter the bill number. nugrr.net/TubmanU- Karen Jones Meadows, Playwright and Actress Harriet’s Return GRR/Home.html Junteenth Performances | June See U.S. Senate Subcommittee on 17-19, 2011 | Luna Stage, West National Parks May 11, 2011 Hear- C.R. Gibbs, Historian of Orange, NJ Event Website: http:// ing webcast and written testimony on the African Diaspora www.lunastage.org/index.php/plays- S.247, S.599 the Civil War Sesquicen- and-programs/harriets-return/ tennial Commission Act, and other Presentation/ Lec- Main Website: http://www. National Parks related bills ture: The Secret His- karenjonesmeadows.com/ Email:
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