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The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the D
The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marion Woodrow Kruse, III Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Anthony Kaldellis, Advisor; Benjamin Acosta-Hughes; Nathan Rosenstein Copyright by Marion Woodrow Kruse, III 2015 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the use of Roman historical memory from the late fifth century through the middle of the sixth century AD. The collapse of Roman government in the western Roman empire in the late fifth century inspired a crisis of identity and political messaging in the eastern Roman empire of the same period. I argue that the Romans of the eastern empire, in particular those who lived in Constantinople and worked in or around the imperial administration, responded to the challenge posed by the loss of Rome by rewriting the history of the Roman empire. The new historical narratives that arose during this period were initially concerned with Roman identity and fixated on urban space (in particular the cities of Rome and Constantinople) and Roman mythistory. By the sixth century, however, the debate over Roman history had begun to infuse all levels of Roman political discourse and became a major component of the emperor Justinian’s imperial messaging and propaganda, especially in his Novels. The imperial history proposed by the Novels was aggressivley challenged by other writers of the period, creating a clear historical and political conflict over the role and import of Roman history as a model or justification for Roman politics in the sixth century. -
Manichaeism and Early Christianity: Selected Papers from the 2019
Manichaeism and Early Christianity Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies Editors Jason D. BeDuhn Dylan M. Burns Johannes van Oort Editorial Board a.d. deconick – w.-p. funk – i. gardner s.n.c. lieu – h. lundhaug – a. marjanen – l. painchaud n.a. pedersen – t. rasimus – s.g. richter m. scopello – j.d. turner† – g. wurst volume 99 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/nhms Manichaeism and Early Christianity Selected Papers from the 2019 Pretoria Congress and Consultation Edited by Johannes van Oort leiden | boston The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available online at http://catalog.loc.gov lc record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/ Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Manichaeism and early Christianity (Conference) (2019 : University of Pretoria), author. | Oort, J. van (Johannes), editor. Title: Manichaeism and early Christianity : selected papers from the 2019 Pretoria congress and consultation / edited by Johannes van Oort. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2021] | Series: Nag Hammadi and Manichaean studies, 0929-2470 ; volume 99 | Includes bibliographical references and index. | English and French. Identifiers: lccn 2020045264 (print) | lccn 2020045265 (ebook) | isbn 9789004445451 (hardback) | isbn 9789004445468 (ebook) Subjects: lcsh: Christianity and other religions–Manichaeism–Congresses. | Manichaeism–Relations–Christianity–Congresses. | Gnosticism–Congresses. Classification: lcc bt1410 .m317 2019 (print) | lcc bt1410 (ebook) | ddc 273/.2–dc23 lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020045264 lc ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020045265 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill‑typeface. issn 0929-2470 isbn 978-90-04-44545-1 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-44546-8 (e-book) Copyright 2021 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. -
The Exiled Bishops of Constantinople from the Fourth to the Late Sixth Century
Studia Ceranea 5, 2015, p. 231–247 ISSN: 2084-140X DOI: 10.18778/2084-140X.05.07 e-ISSN: 2449-8378 Rafał Kosiński (Białystok) The Exiled Bishops of Constantinople from the Fourth to the Late Sixth Century he existence of quick and efficient communication with the provincial territo- Tries was a matter of vital importance to Late-Antique Constantinople, the cap- ital city and the administrative centre of the Eastern Roman Empire. As a result, it became necessary to ensure the creation and maintenance of the land and sea routes linking the City with the provinces. The present article aims to examine which of those links, specifically by land or sea, facilitated a more rapid and conve- nient communication between the capital city and the more or less distant regions of the Empire, as exemplified by the various places of exile connected with the deposed bishops of Constantinople. Assuming that one of the key goals of sending someone into banishment would be to prevent them, as much as possible, from having any form of communication with the City, the location of the places to which they had been confined by the order of the authorities could indicate which method of contact would have potentially made it easier, or more difficult, for an exiled bishop to communicate with his followers at the capital1. In the early Byzantine period, the office of the Bishop of Constantinople was not a very secure position. Considering the time frame from the consecration of the City until the end of the sixth century, as many as 11 metropolitan bish- ops, in effect every third one, had been deposed from their office. -
Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (Ca
Conversion and Empire: Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (ca. 300-900) by Alexander Borislavov Angelov A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor John V.A. Fine, Jr., Chair Professor Emeritus H. Don Cameron Professor Paul Christopher Johnson Professor Raymond H. Van Dam Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes © Alexander Borislavov Angelov 2011 To my mother Irina with all my love and gratitude ii Acknowledgements To put in words deepest feelings of gratitude to so many people and for so many things is to reflect on various encounters and influences. In a sense, it is to sketch out a singular narrative but of many personal “conversions.” So now, being here, I am looking back, and it all seems so clear and obvious. But, it is the historian in me that realizes best the numerous situations, emotions, and dilemmas that brought me where I am. I feel so profoundly thankful for a journey that even I, obsessed with planning, could not have fully anticipated. In a final analysis, as my dissertation grew so did I, but neither could have become better without the presence of the people or the institutions that I feel so fortunate to be able to acknowledge here. At the University of Michigan, I first thank my mentor John Fine for his tremendous academic support over the years, for his friendship always present when most needed, and for best illustrating to me how true knowledge does in fact produce better humanity. -
Abbreviations
Abbreviations: Adler & Tuffin (2002) Adler W. & Tuffin P., The Chronography of George Synkellos: A Byzantine Chronicle of Universal History from the Creation, Oxford 2002 Allen (1947) Allen E. B., A Coptic Solar Eclipse Record, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 67 (4), 1947, p. 267- 269 Buchner (1977) Buchner R. (ed.), Gregor von Tours. Fränkische Geschichte, Vol. I, Darmstadt 1977 Burgess (1997) Richard W. Burgess, The chronicle of Hydatius and the Consularia Constantinopolitana. Two contemprorary Accounts of the Final Years of the Roman Empire, Oxford 1997 Chabot (1904) Chabot J. B., Chronique de Michel le Syrien, Vol. II, Paris 1904 Chabot (1905) Chabot J. B., Chronique de Michel le Syrien, Vol. III, Paris 1905 Cherniss & Helmbold (1957) Cherniss H. & Helmbold W. C., Plutarch’s Moralia, Vol. XII, London 1957 Colgrave & Mynors (1969) Colgrave B. & Mynors R. A. B., Bede’s ecclesiastical history of the English people, Oxford 1969 De Boor (1883) De Boor C. (ed.), Theophanis chronographia, Vol. I, Leipzig 1883 Delaporte (1910) Delaporte L.-J., La chronographie d’Elie Bar Šinaya Métropolitain de Nisibe, Paris 1910 De Meis (2002) De Meis S., Eclipses. An astronomical introduction for humanists, Roma 2002 Feix (2006;1) Feix J. (ed.), Herodot Historien, Vol. 1, Düsseldorf 2006 Feix (2006;2) Feix J. (ed.), Herodot Historien, Vol. 2, Düsseldorf 2006 Fotheringham (1920) Fotheringham J. K., A solution of ancient eclipses of the sun, in: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 81, 1920, 104-126 Groß-Albenhausen & Fuhrmann (2009) Groß-Albenhausen K. & Fuhrmann M. (eds.), S. Aurelius Victor. Die römischen Kaiser, Düsseldorf 2009 Keyes (1994) Keyes C. -
The Epidemic of Justinian (Ad 542): a Prelude to the Middle Ages 1. Introduction
Acta Theologica Supplementum 7 2005 THE EPIDEMIC OF JUSTINIAN (AD 542): A PRELUDE TO THE MIDDLE AGES ABSTRACT The epidemic that struck Constantinople and the surrounding countries during the reign of Justinian in the middle of the 6th century, was the first documented pan- demic in history. It marked the beginning of plague as a nosological problem that would afflict the world until the 21st century. The symptoms of the disease, as de- scribed by various contemporary writers (especially the historian and confidant of the emperor, Procopius, and the two church historians, John of Ephesus and Euagrius), are discussed. There is little doubt that the disease was the plague. The most com- mon form in which it manifested was bubonic plague, which is spread by infected fleas and is not directly contagious from patient to patient. There is also evidence of septicaemic plague and possibly even pneumonic plague. The disastrous effects of the plague were described vividly by contemporary writers. A major problem was to find ways to dispose of infected corpses. It is estimated that about one third of the popu- lation died — a figure comparable to the death rate during the Black Death in the Middle Ages. Famine and inflation, the depopulation of the countryside, and a cri- tical manpower shortage in the army were further effects which all contributed to bringing to a premature end Justinian’s attempt to restore the grandeur of the Roman empire, and precipitating the advent of the Middle Ages. 1. INTRODUCTION The epidemic which devastated Constantinople in the 6th century during the reign of Justinian formed part of the first genuine pandemic in history to be documented. -
Jordanes and the Invention of Roman-Gothic History Dissertation
Empire of Hope and Tragedy: Jordanes and the Invention of Roman-Gothic History Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Brian Swain Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2014 Dissertation Committee: Timothy Gregory, Co-advisor Anthony Kaldellis Kristina Sessa, Co-advisor Copyright by Brian Swain 2014 Abstract This dissertation explores the intersection of political and ethnic conflict during the emperor Justinian’s wars of reconquest through the figure and texts of Jordanes, the earliest barbarian voice to survive antiquity. Jordanes was ethnically Gothic - and yet he also claimed a Roman identity. Writing from Constantinople in 551, he penned two Latin histories on the Gothic and Roman pasts respectively. Crucially, Jordanes wrote while Goths and Romans clashed in the imperial war to reclaim the Italian homeland that had been under Gothic rule since 493. That a Roman Goth wrote about Goths while Rome was at war with Goths is significant and has no analogue in the ancient record. I argue that it was precisely this conflict which prompted Jordanes’ historical inquiry. Jordanes, though, has long been considered a mere copyist, and seldom treated as an historian with ideas of his own. And the few scholars who have treated Jordanes as an original author have dampened the significance of his Gothicness by arguing that barbarian ethnicities were evanescent and subsumed by the gravity of a Roman political identity. They hold that Jordanes was simply a Roman who can tell us only about Roman things, and supported the Roman emperor in his war against the Goths. -
Bibliography
BIBLIOGRAPHY I. PSEUDO-D10NYSIUS THE AREOPAG1TE I. The Writings of Pseudo-Dionysius Modern Editions (I) S. Dionysii Areopagitae opera omnia quae exstant et commentarii quibus illustrantur, studio et opera Balthasaris Corderii, S. J., Patrologia Graeca 3, ed. J.-P. Migne, Text from the Edition of 1634 (Paris, 1856). Because of the immense difficulties presented by the manuscript tradition, the text of the ten Letters in this edition has not been superseded. The notes from M. J . Pinard's lifelong work have unfortunately been neither edited nor pub lished. (2) La hierarchie cileste, Traduction et Notes par M. de Gandillac, Etude et texte critiques par G. Heil, Introduction de Denys I'Areopagite par R. Roques, Collection Sources Chretiennes 58 (Paris, 1956). (3) Pseudo-Dionysii Areopagitae De caelesti hierarchia, in usum studiosae iuventutis, ed. P. Hendrix, Textus Minores XXV (Leiden, 1959). [Hendrix reproduces the text of (2)]. (4) S . Thomae Aquinatis, in librum Beati Dionysii "De Divinis Nominibus" expositio (Rome, 1950) [Improved text of On Divine Names, ed. C. Pera]. (5) [Anonymous], La TMologie Mystique, in La Vie Spirituelle 22 (1930), pp. 129-1 36. (6) Campbell, T. L., Dionysius the Pseudo-Areopagite: The Ecclesiastical Hierarchy, Translated and Annotated, Studies in Sacred Theology, S. S. 83 (Washington, 1955). (7) Darboy, G., Oeuvres de Saint Denys l'Areopagite traduites du grec; prece dees d'une introduction ou l'an discute l'authenticite de ces livres, et ou l'on expose la doctrine qu'ils renferment, et l'influence qu'ils ont exercee au moyen age (Paris, 1845). (8) Dulac, ]., Oeuvres de Saint Denys I'Areopagite, traduites du grec en fran<;:ais, avec Prolegomimes, Manchettes, Notes, Table analytique et alphabHique, Table detaillee des matieres .. -
(AD 298-642) Dijkstra, Jitse Harm Fokke
University of Groningen Religious encounters on the southern Egyptian frontier in Late Antiquity (AD 298-642) Dijkstra, Jitse Harm Fokke IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2005 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Dijkstra, J. H. F. (2005). Religious encounters on the southern Egyptian frontier in Late Antiquity (AD 298- 642). s.n. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 27-09-2021 8. Philae and the Missions to Nubia Byzantine Missions of the Sixth Century Ever since the reign of the Emperor Constantine, the Christian mission had been part of imperial ideology.15 With the adoption of the Hellenistic concept of the basileus, the Christian emperors were regarded as God’s representatives on earth, one of whose tasks it was to spread Christianity within the imperial frontiers, and beyond.16 At first, the emperor was not directly involved, as in the mission of Frumentius to Axum. -
The Ritualisation of Political Power in Early Rus' (10Th-12Th Centuries)
The Ritualisation of Political Power in Early Rus’ (10th-12th centuries) Alexandra Vukovic University of Cambridge Jesus College June 2015 This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Preface Declaration This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration where specifically indicated in the text. No parts of this dissertation have been submitted for any other qualification. Statement of Length This dissertation does not exceed the word limit of 80,000 words set by the Degree Committee of the Faculty of Modern and Medieval Languages. Word count: 79, 991 words Alexandra Vukovic Abstract The Ritualisation of Political Power in Early Rus’ (10th-12th centuries) Alexandra Vukovic This dissertation examines the ceremonies and rituals involving the princes of early Rus’ and their entourage, how these ceremonies and rituals are represented in the literature and artefacts of early Rus’, the possible cultural influences on ceremony and ritual in this emergent society, and the role of ceremony and ritual as representative of political structures and in shaping the political culture of the principalities of early Rus’. The process begins by introducing key concepts and historiographic considerations for the study of ceremony and ritual and their application to the medieval world. The textological survey that follows focusses on the chronicles of Rus’, due to their compilatory nature, and discusses the philological, linguistic, and contextual factors governing the use of chronicles in this study. This examination of the ceremonies and rituals of early Rus’, the first comprehensive study of its kind for this region in the early period, engages with other studies of ceremony and ritual for the medieval period to inform our understanding of the political culture of early Rus’ and its influences. -
Crucifixion in Antiquity: an Inquiry Into the Background and Significance of the New Testament Terminology of Crucifixion
GUNNAR SAMUELSSON Crucifixion in Antiquity Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 2. Reihe 310 Mohr Siebeck Gunnar Samuelsson questions the textual basis for our knowledge about the death of Jesus. As a matter of fact, the New Testament texts offer only a brief description of the punishment that has influenced a whole world. ISBN 978-3-16-150694-9 Mohr Siebeck Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament · 2. Reihe Herausgeber / Editor Jörg Frey (Zürich) Mitherausgeber / Associate Editors Friedrich Avemarie (Marburg) Markus Bockmuehl (Oxford) James A. Kelhoffer (Uppsala) Hans-Josef Klauck (Chicago, IL) 310 Gunnar Samuelsson Crucifixion in Antiquity An Inquiry into the Background and Significance of the New Testament Terminology of Crucifixion Mohr Siebeck GUNNAR SAMUELSSON, born 1966; 1992 Pastor and Missionary Degree; 1997 B.A. and M.Th. at the University of Gothenburg; 2000 Μ. Α.; 2010 ThD; Senior Lecturer in New Testament Studies at the Department of Literature, History of Ideas and Religion, University of Gothenburg. ISBN 978-3-16-150694-9 ISSN 0340-9570 (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament, 2. Reihe) Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbiblio graphie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. ©2011 by Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, Germany. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publisher's written permission. This applies particularly to reproductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was printed by Laupp & Göbel in Nehren on non-aging paper and bound by Buchbinderei Nadele in Nehren. -
The Geopolitics on the Silk Road
109 The Geopolitics on the Silk Road: Resurveying the Relationship of the Western Türks with Byzantium through Their Diplomatic Communications Li Qiang, Stefanos Kordosis* The geopolitics pertaining to the Silk Road network in the period from the 6th to the 7th cen- tury (the final, albeit important, period of Late Antiquity) was intertwined with highly strate- gic dimensions.1 The frequent arrival of hoards of nomadic peoples from inner Eurasia at the borders of the existing sedentary empires and their encounters and interactions formed the complicated political ecology of the period. These empires attempted to take advantage of the newly shaped situation arising after such great movements strategically, each in their own interest. How did they achieve their goals and what problems were they confronted with? In this paper, I will focus on the relations the Western Türks had with Byzantium and use it as an example in order to resurvey these complicated geopolitics. In the first part, attention will be given to the collection of Byzantine literature concerning the Western Türks. Then, on the basis of the sources, the four main exchanges of delegations between the Western Türks and Byzantium will be discussed, in which the important status of the 563 embassy – as it was the first Türk delegation sent to Byzantium – will be emphasized. The possible motives behind the dispatch of the delegations and the repercussions they had will be presented. Finally, through reviewing the diplomatic communication between the Western Türks and Byzantium, attention will be turned to the general picture of geopolitics along the Silk Road, claiming that the great empire of the West – similar to today’s superpowers – by means of their resources (mainly diplomacy) manipulated the geopolitics on the Silk Road, especially the nomadic people pursuing their own survival and interests, who were only treated as piec- es on a chessboard for keeping the balance with the rest of the superpowers.