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Anadolu'da Moğol Boyları - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi/ International Journal of Historical Researches, Yıl/Vol

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Anadolu'da Moğol Boyları - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi/ International Journal of Historical Researches, Yıl/Vol Anadolu Moğolları: Anadolu'da Moğol Boyları - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi/ International Journal of Historical Researches, Yıl/Vol. 1, Sayı/No. 1 Bahar/Spring 2018 Anadolu Moğolları: Anadolu'da Moğol Boyları Ekizceliler.com* Marco Polo* Sadun Köprülü* Anadolu Moğolları* Özet Moğolcalı, Moğolcalu, Moğulcalı, Moğulcalu, Muğalcalı, Muğalcalu, Muğulcalı, Muğulcalu, Muscalı, Muscalu, Musacalı, Musacalu, Müscalı, Müscalu, Müsacalı, Müsacalu, Musulcalı, Musulculu, Musulcalu, Muslucalı, Muslucu, Muslucalu aşireti – diye Irak’ın Musul, TELAFER Türk-Moğolları. Türkleşmiş Moğol aşiretidir. Bugün (Emirdağ’ında “Nevahi-i Barçın Kazası”) Ekizce köyünde yaşarlar. Ve Jırgın (Cırgın) aşiretide bugün (Emirdağ’ında “Nevahi-i Barçın Kazası”) yaşarlar. Ve Diğer Moğol boyları: Tatarlar, Kireyitler, Naymanlar, Sünit, Bisüvüt, Suganut, Mangıt, Kurulas, Kongırat, Dürben, Kıyat, Bayaut (Bayat), Barın, Barlas, İlhanlı, Uyrat aşireti, Suldus aşireti, Celayir aşireti, Sutay (Sutai) aşireti, Tatar aşireti, Mugal Tatarları cemaati, Moğultay cemaati (İçel Yörükleri), Çalış ("Tataran-ı Gayiban" Arsa Yüzü Bölüğü) aşireti, Çavurcu cemaati, Garb Yüzü Bölüğü (Tataran-ı Mugal), Gayiban Tatarları, Haymene-i Tataran-ı Mugal cemaati, Hamis Ağıl (Ulu Azman "Tataran-ı Mugal" Garb Yüzü Bölüğü), Hindüler cemaati ("Baybal Özü Bölüğü" Baybal Özü Bölüğü), İletmiş Bölüğü cemaati (Tataran Cemaati), Karataylu cemaati ("Moğol Tatarları cemaati" Arsa Yüzü Bölüğü), Kayabalu Bölüğü cemaati (Tataran-ı Mugal), Konbaklar cemaati (Tataran-ı Mugal), Nureddin cemaati ("Moğol Tatarları cemaati" Altımız Bölüğü), Tatar cemaati, Tataran kabilesi cemaati "Banyal Yüzü" ("Moğol Tatarları cemaati" Banyal Yüzü Bölüğü), Ulu Otak cemaati ("Baykal Özü Bölüğü" Baykal Özü Bölüğü), Yaman oğlu cemaati ("Moğol Tatarları cemaati" Arsa Yüzü Bölüğü), Kara-Tatarlar, Yörükan taifesi, Türkmen taifesi, Kara Türkmenler. Yukarıda bahsi geçen Türk-Moğol boyları, önce İlhanlı devleti içerisindeki taht mücadeleleri, ardından devletin yıkılmasıyla başlayan hâkimiyet mücadeleleri ve nihayet Kara Koyunlu ve Akkoyunlu mücadeleleri sonucunda başta İran ve Orta Anadolu olmak üzere çevreye göç edeceklerdir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Moğol, Türkmen, Kıpçak, Tatar, Uyrat, Anadolu, Kabile. ·www.ekizcekoyu.com & www.ekizceliler.com Anadolu Moğolları > https://anadolumogollari.blogspot.com/ Anadolu’da Moğol İskanları Özet Cemaat Adı Taife Grup Boy Yerleşim Yeri Muscalı (Musacalı) Muscalı (Musacalı) Börçigin Moğol Ekizce Köyü / Emirdağ Cemaati Aşireti Cırgın (Jırgın) Cırgın (Jırgın) Aşireti Çurkinler/ Moğol Dağılgan Köyü / Emirdağ Cemaati Kerayitler Sutay (Sutai) Sutay (Sutai) Aşireti Moğol Diyarbakır ve Musul Cemaati Bilinmiyor Bilinmiyor Moğol İli-Su, Boğazlayan / Yozgat Çalış Cemaati Tataran-ı Gayiban Arsa Yüzü Moğol Alagöz, Çorum Bölüğü Çavurcu Cemaati Moğol Konya / Ilgın Garb Yüzü Bölüğü Tataran-ı Mugal Moğol Çorum – Katar(?) Gayiban Tatarları Moğol Alagöz, Çorum Hamis Ağıl Tataran-ı Mugal Garb Yüzü Moğol Çorum – Katar(?) (Ulu Azman) Bölüğü Haymene-i Tataran-ı Moğol Konya / Ilgın Mugal Cemaati Hindüler Cemaati Baybal Özü Bölüğü Baybal Özü Moğol Çorum – Katar(?) Bölüğü İletmiş Bölüğü Tataran Cemaati Moğol Çorum – Katar(?) Cemaati Karataylu Cemaati Moğol Tatarları Arsa Yüzü Moğol Alagöz, Çorum Cemaati Bölüğü Kayabalu Bölüğü Tataran-ı Mugal Moğol Çorum – Katar(?) Cemaati Konbaklar Cemaati Tataran-ı Mugal Moğol Konya / Ilgın Moğoltay Cemaati Moğol Güzelhisar / Aydın Moğultay Cemaati İçel Yörükleri Moğol Silifke / Mersin Moğultay Cemaati İçel Yörükleri Moğol Gülnar / Mersin Mugal Tatarları Moğol Konya / Ilgın Cemaati Mugal Tatarları Moğol Akşehir / Konya Cemaati Nureddin Cemaati Moğol Tatarları Altımız Bölüğü Moğol Alagöz, Çorum Cemaati Tatar Cemaati Moğol Adıyaman, Kahta Tataran Kabilesi Moğol Tatarları Banyal Yüzü Moğol Alagöz, Çorum Cemaati Cemaati Bölüğü (Banyal Yüzü) Ulu Otak Cemaati Baykal Özü Bölüğü Baykal Özü Moğol Çorum – Katar(?) Bölüğü Yaman oğlu Moğol Tatarları Arsa Yüzü Moğol Alagöz, Çorum Cemaati Cemaati Bölüğü Anahtar Kelimeler: Cemaat, Taife, Aşiret, Grup, Boy, Yerleşim Yeri, Bölüğü, Klan, Kabile. Hülegü’nün İran’a gelişi sırasında Anadolu ‘ya gelmiş olan bu Kara Tatarlar, Ebu Said’in ölümünden sonra eşkiyalık yapmaya başladılar. Farklı gruplara ayrılarak değişik bölgelerde yurt tuttular. Bunların bir kısmı da Trabzon civarında yurt tutmuştu. İlhanlı devletinin yıkılışına kadar da bu devlete bağlı kaldılar ve çok sayıda köle vermekteydiler. [Bkz. Bkz., Jakob P. Fallmerayer, a.g.e, s.191.] Yıldırım Bayezid’in Sivas’ı aldığı zamanda Osmanlı ordusuna katıldılar. Timur’un Osmanlı’yı mağlup ettiği zaman bunlar Tokat, Kayseri, Amasya civarında oturmaktaydılar. Timur otuz- kırk bin hane olan bu Kara Tatarları Semerkand’a götürüp sınırlara yerleştirmeyi uygun buldu. Kara Tatarların akıbeti hakkında geniş bilgi için bkz. *Şerefüddin Ali Yezidi, Emir Timur (Zafername), (nşr. Ahsen Batur), İstanbul 2013, s.409vd; Nizamüddin Şami, Zafername, (nşr. Necati Lugal), Ankara 1987, s.328vd; İbni Arabşah, Acaibü’l Makdur, (nşr. Ahsen Batur), İstanbul 2012, s.346vd; İ. Aka, Timur ve Devleti, Ankara 1991, s.30.+ XV. asrın başlarında İspanya kralı tarafından Timur’a gönderilen Clavijo, Damgan civarına geldiğinde öldürülen insanların kafalarından kuleler yapılmış olduğunu ve bunların Akkoyunlular olduğunu söylese de aslında bunlar Kara Tatarlara aittir. *Bkz., Ruy Conzales de Clavijo, Anadolu, Orta Asya ve Timur, (nşr. Ö. Rıza Doğrul), İstanbul 1993, s.110vd.] Hoca Sadettin Efendi ise bu Kara Tatarların Hülegü tarafından Anadolu’ya yerleştirildiklerini, Ebu Said’in ölümüyle baş gösteren kargaşa ortamında sayıları elli iki tümen olan bu Kara Tatarların farklı yaylak ve kışlaklara dağıldığından bahsederek, Yıldırım Bayezid tarafından Osmanlı hizmetine alındıklarını belirtmektedir. *Bkz., Hoca Sadettin Efendi, Tacü’t-Tevarih I, (nşr. İ. Parmaksızoğlu), Ankara 1992, s.333.+Diğer taraftan Hoca Sadettin Efendi, Timur’un bunların büyük kısmını götürmesinden sonra geriye kalanların İskilp civarında bulunduklarını ve buradan alınarak Filibe yöresine iskân edildiklerini belirtmektedir. [Bkz. Hoca Sadettin Efendi, Tacü’t-Tevarih II, (nşr. İ. Parmaksızoğlu, Ankara 1992, s.98.+ Nitekim Osmanlı arşiv belgelerinde de Tatar, Tatarlar, Tatarlı, Tatarlu, Tataran gibi isimlerde cemaatlere Balkan ve Trakya bölgesinde rastlanmaktadır. Bkz. Cevdet Türkay, a.g.e, s.158,714. B. Spuler, İran Moğolları, s.497vd; M. Fuad Köprülü, Anadolu’da İslamiyet, Ankara 2012, s.53;, B. Y. Viladimirtsov Moğolların İctimai Teşkilatı Moğol Göçebe Feodalizmi, (nşr., Abdülkadir İnan), Ankara 1995 s.184vd. Bu hakikat Osmanlı arşiv belgelerinde de takip edilebilmektedir. Nitekim Moğol aşiretlerinden Celayir, Tatar, Sulduz, Muğulcalı (Muscalı - Musacalı), Jırgın (Cırgın), vs. den yörükan ya da Türkmen taifesi olarak bahsedilirken aynı şekilde Muğan, Muğanan, Muğanlı, Muğanlu, Muğulcalı (Muscalı - Musacalı), Jırgın (Cırgın) gibi aşiretler de Türkmen olarak kaydedilmiştir. *Bkz Cevdet Türkay, a.g.e, s. 37, 124, 158, 277.+ Diğer taraftan Kara Tatarlar da pek çok bakımdan Türkmenleşmişlerdi. Çağataylar bu Kara Tatarlara “Kara Tatar Türkmenleri”adını veriyorlardı. Bkz., F. Sümer, “Anadolu’da Moğollar”, s.130. Bkz. Osman G. Özkuzugüdenli, “Moğollar”, DİA XXX, (İstanbul 2005), s.228. Ayrıca bkz. W. Barthold, Türk-Moğol Ulusları Tarihi, s.23vd. Anadolu Moğolları > https://anadolumogollari.blogspot.com/ Anadolu’da Daha Fazla Moğol İskanları Özet Emirdağ, Eskişehir, Sivrihisar, Ankara ve Bolu arasında yaşayan Orta Asya Türkleri ve Türkleşmiş müslüman Moğollardan oluşan topluluğa Selçuklu ve Osmanlı Döneminde "Karatatar Türkmenleri" de denilmekteydi ve daha sonraları Kara-Türkmenler denildi. Anadolu'da Moğol İskanları: Afyonkarahisar (il), Emirdağ, Eskişehir, Sivrihisar, Kütahya, Konya, Ilgın, Ankara, Polatlı, Isparta, Yozgat (il), Mersin (İçel), Akşehir, Adıyaman, Amasya, Sivas, Kayseri, Malatya, Kırşehir, Kahramanmaraş, Elbistan, Bolu, Erzurum, Çorum, Iskillip, Karaman, Koçhisar, İshaklu, Diyarbakır, Tokat, Aksaray, Niğde, Beyşehir, Kastamonu, Karabük, Safranbolu, gibi daha çok yerler var. Orta Doğu'da Moğol İskanları: Musul, Kerkük, İrak, Suriye, Azerbaycan ve İran. Anadolu Moğolları > https://anadolumogollari.blogspot.com/ Anadolu’da Moğol Boyları Özet Anadolu’da Moğol Boyları: Çok kez çoğumuz “Osmanlı torunu” olmak ile iftihar etmişizdir. Peki ya Anadolu’ya gelen diğer topluluklar, beyler, beylikler? Onların torunlarına ne oldu? Anadolu’yu yurt tutmuş bir Moğol oymağından geldiğinizi öğrenmek, sizi şaşırtır mıydı? Moğolların Yakındoğu ve Anadolu’yu istilası, arkasından da İlhanlı Devleti’nin kurulması ve istila edilen bölgelerin hâkimiyet altına alınması ile Moğollar için yeni bir dönem başlamıştır. Anadolu’da iskân edilen Moğol kabileleri, XIII. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren, bir İslamlaşma ve Türkleşme sürecine girmişlerdir. Aslında Moğol kabilelerinin özellikle Türkleşmesi olayı, çok eskilere kadar gitmekte olup, Türk ve Moğol topluluklarının çok uzun yıllar devam eden birlikteliklerine dayanmaktadır. Tarih boyunca Moğolların en fazla karışıp kaynaştıkları milletin Türkler olduğu bilinmektedir. Anadolu’ya geldikleri bilinen veya tahmin edilen Moğol boyları Şunlardır: 1) UYRAT: Muş ve Bingöl bölgelerinde yaşamışlar ve varlıklarını XV. yüzyılın başlarına kadar devam ettirmişlerdir. Celayirliler’den sonra tamamiyle Karakoyunlular’a dahil olmuşlardır. 2) SÜNİT: XIV. yüzyılda Musul, Diyarbakır ve Ahlat bölgelerinde yaşamışlar, daha sonra Orta Anadolu’ya göç ederek burada varlıklarını devam ettirmişlerdir. 3) BİSU’UT 4) CELAYİR 5) TATAR 6) KİREYİT: Kütahya-Eskişehir bölgesinde
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