Establishment of various infrastructure at the authorised Msenge Emoyeni WEF, Eastern Cape Environmental Management Programme November 2020

PLANT RESCUE AND PROTECTION PLAN

1. PURPOSE

The purpose of the Rescue and Protection Plan is to implement avoidance and mitigation measures, in addition to the mitigations included in the EMPr to reduce the impact of the various infrastructure establishment at the authorised Msenge Emoyeni WEF on listed and protected plant species and their habitats during construction and operation. This subplan is required in order to ensure compliance with national and provincial legislation for vegetation clearing and any required destruction or translocation of provincially and nationally protected species within the development footprint.

The Plan first provides some legislative background on the regulations relevant to listed and protected species, under the Eastern Cape Nature Conservation Ordinance No. 19 of 1974 and trees protected under the National List of Protected Tree Species. This is followed by an identification of protected species present within the development area and actions that should be implemented to minimise impact on these species and comply with legislative requirements.

2. IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF CONSERVATION CONCERN

Plant species are protected at the national level as well as the provincial level and different permits may be required for different species depending on their protection level. At the national level, protected trees are listed by the Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries (DEFF) under the National List of Protected Trees, which is updated on a regular basis. Any clearing of nationally protected trees requires a permit from DEFF. At the provincial level, all species red-listed under the Red List of South African (http://redlist.sanbi.org/) as well as species listed under the Eastern Cape Nature Conservation Ordinance No. 19 of 1974) are protected and require provincial permits. The EC Nature Conservation Ordinance lists a variety of species as protected but also several whole families and genera as protected. Of particular relevance to the current study are the following, which are extracted from the legislation and are not intended to provide a comprehensive list of all protected species, only those which are likely to be encountered in the area. The reader is referred to the schedules of the Act for a full list of species listed under the act.

3. IDENTIFICATION OF LISTED SPECIES

In this section, the listed species observed to occur within the surrounding area are identified and listed below. Those present and the number affected within the development footprint would be clarified following the pre-construction walk-through. The list is not considered exhaustive and additional species may be observed to be present during the pre-construction walk-through, which should be conducted at a favourable time of year, such that there is a maximal chance of picking up geophytes and other species which may not be easily observed at other times of the year.

Family Scientific Name Threat Status (SANBI, EC Nature Conservation Ordinance No. 19 of 2017) 1974

ACANTHACEAE Blepharis sp

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AIZOACEAE Drosanthemum hispidum LC Schedule 4: Protected

AIZOACEAE Ruschia sp. Schedule 4: Protected

AMARYLLIDACEA Boophone disticha LC Schedule 4: Protected E AMARYLLIDACEA Cyrtanthus contractus LC Schedule 4: Protected E AMARYLLIDACEA Haemanthus sp Schedule 4: Protected E

ANACARDIACEA Searsia glauca LC-Endemic to SA E APOCYNACEAE Carissa bispinosa LC Schedule 4: Protected

APOCYNACEAE Duvalia sp (Stapelioid) Schedule 4: Protected

APOCYNACEAE Gomphocarpus physocarpus LC Schedule 4: Protected

ARALIACEAE Cussonia paniculata LC

ARALIACEAE Cussonia spicata LC

ASPARAGACEAE Agave americana

ASPARAGACEAE Asparagus setaceus LC

ASPARAGACEAE Asparagus striatus LC-Endemic to SA

ASPHODELACEAE Aloe ferox LC

ASPHODELACEAE Aloe striata LC Schedule 4: Protected

ASTERACEAE Arctotis arctotoides LC

ASTERACEAE Cirsium vulgare

ASTERACEAE Tagetes minuta

ASTERACEAE Xanthium sp

BORAGINACEAE Ehretia rigida LC-Endemic to SA

CACTACEAE Echinopsis spachiana

CACTACEAE Opuntia aurantiaca

CACTACEAE Opuntia ficus indica

CELASTRACEAE Gymnosporia buxifolia LC

CRASSULACEAE Cotyledon cf velutina LC

CRASSULACEAE Crassula capitella LC

CRASSULACEAE Crassula sp

EBENACEAE Euclea undulata LC

EUPHORBIACEAE globosa EN

EUPHORBIACEAE LC

EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia meloformis NT

EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia micrantha Schedule 4: Protected

FABACEAE Schotia afra var. afra LC-Endemic to SA

FABACEAE Vachellia karoo LC

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GERANIACEAE Pelargonium cf sidoides LC Schedule 4: Protected

HYACINTHACEAE Albuca sp

HYACINTHACEAE Ledebouria revoluta LC

IRIDACEAE Moraea sp Schedule 4: Protected (All IRIDACEAE)

IRIDACEAE Tritonia sp LC Schedule 4: Protected (All IRIDACEAE)

OLEACEAE Olea europaea subsp. LC africana Holothrix/Satyrium (Single Leaf) Schedule 4: Protected

PAPAVERACEAE Argemone ochroleuca

POACEAE Digitaria eriantha LC

POACEAE Eragrostis capensis LC

POACEAE Eragrostis curvula LC

POACEAE Eragrostis x pseud-obtusa NE

RUSCACEAE Sansevieria hyacinthoides LC

SAPINDACEAE Pappea capensis LC Schedule 4: Protected

SOLANACEAE Datura stramonium

A full list of plant species known from the study area and its surrounds is provided in Annex 1.

4. MITIGATION & AVOIDANCE OPTIONS

The primary mitigation and avoidance measure that must be implemented at the pre-construction phase is the Pre-construction Walk-Through of the development footprint. This defines which and how many individuals of listed and protected species are found within the development footprint. This information is required for the DEFF and Eastern Cape Nature Conservation permits which must be obtained before construction can commence.

Where listed plant species fall within the development footprint and avoidance is not possible, then it may be possible to translocate the affected individuals outside of the development footprint. However, not all species are suitable for translocation as only certain types of plants are able to survive the disturbance. Suitable candidates for translocation include most geophytes and succulents. Although there are exceptions, the majority of woody species do not survive translocation well and it is generally not recommended to try and attempt to translocate such species. Recommendations in this regard would be made following the walk-through of the facility footprint before construction, where all listed and protected species within the development footprint will be identified and located.

5. RESCUE AND PROTECTION PLAN

5.1. Pre-construction

» Identification of all listed species which may occur within the site, based on the SANBI POSA database as well as the specialist BA studies for the site and any other relevant literature.

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» Before construction commences at the site, the following actions should be taken: • A walk-through of the final development footprint by a suitably qualified botanist/ecologist to locate and identify all listed and protected species which fall within the development footprint. This should happen during the flowering season at the site which, depending on rainfall, is likely to be during spring to early summer (August-October). • A walk-through report following the walk-through which identifies areas where minor deviations to roads and other infrastructure can be made to avoid sensitive areas and important populations of listed species must be compiled. The report should also contain a full list of localities where listed species occur within the development footprint and the number of affected individuals in each instance, so that this information can be used to comply with the permit conditions required by the relevant legislation. Those species suitable for search as rescue should be identified in the walk- through report. • A permit to clear the site and relocate species of concern is required from Eastern Cape Department: Economic Development, Environmental Affairs and Tourism (DEDEA&T) before construction commences. A tree clearing permit is also required from DAFF to clear protected trees from the site. • Once the permits have been issued, there should be a search and rescue operation of all listed species that cannot be avoided, which have been identified in the walk-through report as being suitable for search and rescue within the development footprint. Affected individuals should be translocated to a similar habitat outside of the development footprint and marked for monitoring purposes.

5.2. Construction

» Vegetation clearing should take place in a phased manner, so that large cleared areas are not left standing with no activity for long periods of time and pose a wind and water erosion risk. This will require coordination between the contractor and EO, to ensure that the EO is able to monitor activities appropriately. » All cleared material should be handled according to the Revegetation and Rehabilitation Plan and used to encourage the recovery of disturbed areas. » EO to monitor vegetation clearing at the site. Any deviations from the plans that may be required should first be checked for listed species by the EO and any listed species present which are able to survive translocation should be translocated to a safe site. » All areas to be cleared should be demarcated with construction tape, survey markers or similar. All construction vehicles should work only within the designated area. » Plants suitable for translocation or for use in rehabilitation of already cleared areas should be identified and relocated before general clearing takes place. » Any listed species observed within the development footprint that were missed during the pre- construction plant sweeps should be translocated to a safe site before clearing commences. » Many listed species are also sought after for traditional medicine or by collectors and so the EO and ECO should ensure that all staff attend environmental induction training in which the legal and conservation aspects of harvesting plants from the wild are discussed. » The EO should monitor construction activities in sensitive habitats such as in dune areas carefully to ensure that impacts to these areas are minimised.

5.3. Operation

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» Access to the site should be strictly controlled and all personnel entering or leaving the site should be required to sign in and out with the security officers. » The collecting of plants or their parts should be strictly forbidden and signs stating so should be placed at the entrance gates to the site.

6. MONITORING & REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

The following reporting and monitoring requirements are recommended as part of the plant rescue and protection plan:

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» Pre-construction walk-through report detailing the location and distribution of all listed and protected species must be compiled. This should include a walk-through of all infrastructure including all new access roads, cables, buildings and substations. The report should include recommendations of route adjustments where necessary, as well as provide a full account of how many individuals of each listed species will be impacted by the development. Details of plants suitable for search and rescue must also be included. » Permit applications to NC-DENC and DAFF. This requires the walk-through report as well as the identification and quantification of all listed and protected species within the development footprint. The permit is required before any search and rescue or vegetation clearance can take place. Where large numbers of listed species are affected, a site inspection and additional requirements may be imposed by NC-DENC and/or DAFF as part of the permit conditions. All documentation associated with this process needs to be retained and the final clearing permit should be kept at the site. » Active daily monitoring of clearing during construction by the EO must be undertaken to ensure that listed species and sensitive habitats are avoided. All incidents should be recorded along with the remedial measures implemented. » Post construction monitoring of plants translocated during search and rescue to evaluate the success of the intervention. Monitoring for a year post-transplant should be sufficient to gauge success.

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ANNEX 1. LIST OF PLANT SPECIES

List of plant species known from the surrounds of the broader study area and development area based on observations from the site

Family Taxon IUCN Ecology Apiaceae Alepidea capensis Indigenous Asphodelaceae Aloe sp. Amaranthaceae Alternanthera pungens Not indigenous; Naturalised Malvaceae Anisodontea sp. Apiaceae Apium graveolens Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Papaveraceae Argemone mexicana forma mexicana Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Papaveraceae Argemone ochroleuca subsp. ochroleuca Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Fabaceae Argyrolobium sp. Asphodelaceae Astroloba sp. Amaranthaceae Atriplex semibaccata Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Poaceae Bromus sp. Bryaceae Bryum argenteum Indigenous Bryaceae Bryum canariense Indigenous Asphodelaceae Bulbine latifolia Indigenous Asteraceae Caputia scaposa Amaranthaceae Chenopodium album Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Thelypteridaceae Christella gueinziana Indigenous Asteraceae Conyza pinnata Indigenous Asteraceae Conyza scabrida Indigenous Asteraceae Conyza ulmifolia Indigenous Aizoaceae Corpuscularia gracillima Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula vaillantii Not indigenous; Naturalised Convolvulaceae Cuscuta campestris Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Cyperaceae Cyperus sp. Lobeliaceae Cyphia sylvatica Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Delosperma sp. Scrophulariaceae Diascia sp. Asteraceae Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Digitaria sp. Fabaceae Dolichos sp. Aizoaceae Drosanthemum sp. Amaranthaceae Dysphania carinata Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Amaranthaceae Dysphania pumilio Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Asteraceae Erigeron bonariensis Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Ruscaceae Eriospermum sp. Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia patula subsp. patula Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia sp. Cyperaceae Ficinia sp. Moraceae Ficus thonningii Indigenous Aizoaceae Galenia sp.

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Asphodelaceae Gasteria bicolor Indigenous Verbenaceae Glandularia aristigera Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Thymelaeaceae Gnidia sp. Asphodelaceae Haworthia cooperi var. tenera Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Haworthia sp. Asphodelaceae Haworthiopsis attenuata var. attenuata Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Haworthiopsis coarctata var. adelaidensis Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Helichrysum foetidum var. foetidum Indigenous; Endemic Boraginaceae Heliotropium curassavicum Not indigenous; Naturalised Malvaceae Hermannia sp. Apiaceae Heteromorpha arborescens Indigenous Asteraceae Hilliardiella capensis Indigenous Cactaceae Hylocereus undatus Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Hypnaceae Hypnum cupressiforme Indigenous Asteraceae Hypochaeris microcephala var. albiflora Not indigenous; Naturalised Hypodontiaceae Hypodontium dregei Indigenous Hypoxidaceae Hypoxis sp. Fabaceae Indigastrum niveum Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Jamesbrittenia sp. Acanthaceae Justicia protracta Indigenous Asphodelaceae Kniphofia sp. Hyacinthaceae Lachenalia sp. Phyllanthaceae Lachnostylis sp. Asteraceae Lactuca serriola Not indigenous; Naturalised Orthotrichaceae Macrocoma lycopodioides Indigenous Orthotrichaceae Macrocoma tenuis subsp. tenuis Indigenous Myrtaceae Melaleuca hypericifolia Not indigenous; Cultivated; Naturalised; Invasive Myrtaceae Melaleuca linearis var. linearis Not indigenous; Cultivated; Naturalised; Invasive Myrtaceae Melaleuca viminalis subsp. viminalis Not indigenous; Cultivated; Naturalised; Invasive Aizoaceae Mesembryanthemum cordifolium Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Mesembryanthemum granulicaule Indigenous Aizoaceae Mesembryanthemum haeckelianum Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Mesembryanthemum splendens subsp. pentagonum Indigenous; Endemic Solanaceae Nicotiana glauca Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Asteraceae Nidorella sp. Asteraceae Oedera humilis Indigenous Onagraceae Oenothera indecora Not indigenous; Naturalised Onagraceae Oenothera stricta subsp. stricta Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Oleaceae Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata Indigenous Poaceae Oplismenus sp. Hyacinthaceae Ornithogalum bolusianum Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Panicum sp. Passifloraceae Passiflora caerulea Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Geraniaceae Pelargonium sp. Poaceae Pentaschistis sp. Pinaceae Pinus halepensis var. halepensis Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive

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Aytoniaceae Plagiochasma rupestre var. rupestre Indigenous Plantaginaceae Plantago virginica Not indigenous; Naturalised Verbenaceae Priva meyeri Indigenous Pottiaceae Pseudocrossidium crinitum Indigenous Aizoaceae Psilocaulon sp. Ricciaceae Riccia albovestita Indigenous Ricciaceae Riccia okahandjana Indigenous Zygophyllaceae Roepera debilis Indigenous Zygophyllaceae Roepera maritima Indigenous Aizoaceae Ruschia sp. Amaranthaceae Salsola kali Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Asteraceae Schkuhria pinnata Not indigenous; Naturalised Scrophulariaceae Selago sp. Asteraceae Senecio sp. Poaceae Setaria sp. Sapotaceae Sideroxylon inerme Indigenous Caryophyllaceae Silene burchellii subsp. pilosellifolia Indigenous Caryophyllaceae Silene gallica Not indigenous; Naturalised Caryophyllaceae Silene gallica var. gallica Not indigenous; Naturalised Asteraceae Silybum marianum Not indigenous; Naturalised Brassicaceae Sinapis arvensis Not indigenous; Naturalised Solanaceae Solanum tomentosum Indigenous Hypoxidaceae Spiloxene sp. Poaceae Sporobolus sp. Strelitziaceae Strelitzia reginae Indigenous Thymelaeaceae Struthiola sp. Asteraceae Tarchonanthus sp. Bignoniaceae Tecoma fulva subsp. garrocha Not indigenous; Cultivated; Naturalised Poaceae Tenaxia disticha Indigenous Pottiaceae Trichostomum brachydontium Indigenous Poaceae Triraphis sp. Verbenaceae Verbena rigida Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Asteraceae Verbesina encelioides subsp. exauriculata Not indigenous; Naturalised Scrophulariaceae Zaluzianskya sp. Rutaceae Agathosma gonaquensis CR Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Corpuscularia lehmannii CR Indigenous; Endemic Isoetaceae Isoetes wormaldii CR Indigenous; Endemic Hyacinthaceae Lachenalia convallarioides CR Indigenous; Endemic Anacardiaceae Searsia albomarginata CR Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Drosanthemum jamesii DD Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Osteospermum spathulatum DD Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Pelargonium campestre DD Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Senecio hirtellus DD Indigenous; Endemic Rutaceae Agathosma bicornuta EN Indigenous; Endemic Rutaceae Agathosma minuta EN Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Cotyledon adscendens EN Indigenous; Endemic

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Proteaceae Leucadendron argenteum EN Indigenous; Endemic Malvaceae Abutilon sonneratianum LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Acalypha glabrata var. pilosa LC Indigenous Amaranthaceae Achyropsis leptostachya LC Indigenous Orchidaceae Acrolophia cochlearis LC Indigenous; Endemic Lamiaceae Acrotome inflata LC Indigenous Crassulaceae Adromischus sphenophyllus LC Indigenous; Endemic Lamiaceae Aeollanthus parvifolius LC Indigenous Asteraceae Afroaster hispidus LC Indigenous Rutaceae Agathosma apiculata LC Indigenous; Endemic Rutaceae Agathosma ovata LC Indigenous Rutaceae Agathosma peglerae LC Indigenous; Endemic Rutaceae Agathosma puberula LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Aizoon glinoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Hyacinthaceae Albuca cooperi LC Indigenous Hyacinthaceae Albuca shawii LC Indigenous Hyacinthaceae Albuca tortuosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Hyacinthaceae Albuca unifolia LC Indigenous Rosaceae Alchemilla capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Alloteropsis semialata subsp. eckloniana LC Indigenous Asphodelaceae Aloe speciosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Aloiampelos tenuior LC Indigenous; Endemic Cyatheaceae Alsophila capensis LC Indigenous Amaranthaceae Amaranthus capensis subsp. capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Amellus strigosus subsp. pseudoscabridus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Amellus strigosus subsp. strigosus LC Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Ammocharis coranica LC Indigenous Fabaceae Amphithalea williamsonii LC Indigenous; Endemic Anacampserotaceae Anacampseros arachnoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Apiaceae Anginon difforme LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Anisotoma cordifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Icacinaceae Apodytes dimidiata subsp. dimidiata LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Aptosimum procumbens LC Indigenous Asteraceae Arctotis microcephala LC Indigenous Asteraceae Arctotis pinnatifida LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Argyrolobium collinum LC Indigenous Fabaceae Argyrolobium incanum LC Indigenous; Endemic Iridaceae Aristea anceps LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Aristida congesta subsp. barbicollis LC Indigenous Poaceae Aristida diffusa subsp. burkei LC Indigenous Asteraceae Artemisia afra var. afra LC Indigenous Fabaceae Aspalathus argyrophanes LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Aspalathus cinerascens LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Aspalathus frankenioides LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Aspalathus kougaensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Aspalathus setacea LC Indigenous; Endemic

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Fabaceae Aspalathus subtingens LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Aspalathus teres subsp. teres LC Indigenous; Endemic Asparagaceae Asparagus aethiopicus LC Indigenous Asparagaceae Asparagus asparagoides LC Indigenous Asparagaceae Asparagus burchellii LC Indigenous; Endemic Asparagaceae Asparagus capensis var. capensis LC Indigenous Asparagaceae Asparagus crassicladus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asparagaceae Asparagus densiflorus LC Indigenous Asparagaceae Asparagus mariae LC Indigenous; Endemic Asparagaceae Asparagus mucronatus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asparagaceae Asparagus retrofractus LC Indigenous Asparagaceae Asparagus setaceus LC Indigenous Asparagaceae Asparagus striatus LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Aspidoglossum gracile LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Aspidoglossum heterophyllum LC Indigenous; Endemic Aspleniaceae Asplenium aethiopicum LC Indigenous Aspleniaceae Asplenium lunulatum LC Indigenous Aspleniaceae Asplenium phillipsianum LC Indigenous Asphodelaceae Astroloba congesta LC Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Astroloba foliolosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Athanasia dentata LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Athanasia pinnata LC Indigenous; Endemic Salvadoraceae Azima tetracantha LC Indigenous Acanthaceae Barleria pungens LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Bergeranthus scapiger LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Bergeranthus vespertinus LC Indigenous; Endemic Elatinaceae Bergia glomerata LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Berkheya angustifolia LC Indigenous Asteraceae Berkheya bergiana LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Berkheya carduoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Melianthaceae Bersama lucens LC Indigenous Blechnaceae Blechnum punctulatum var. punctulatum LC Indigenous Acanthaceae Blepharis capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Acanthaceae Blepharis sinuata LC Indigenous; Endemic Iridaceae Bobartia orientalis subsp. occidentalis LC Indigenous; Endemic Iridaceae Bobartia orientalis subsp. orientalis LC Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Boophone disticha LC Indigenous Capparaceae Boscia oleoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Bothriochloa insculpta LC Indigenous Asteraceae Brachylaena elliptica LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Brachylaena ilicifolia LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Buddleja dysophylla LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Buddleja saligna LC Indigenous Asphodelaceae Bulbine abyssinica LC Indigenous Asphodelaceae Bulbine frutescens LC Indigenous Asphodelaceae Bulbine inamarxiae LC Indigenous; Endemic

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Asphodelaceae Bulbine latifolia var. latifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Bulbine mesembryanthoides subsp. mesembryanthoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Bulbine narcissifolia LC Indigenous Rubiaceae Burchellia bubalina LC Indigenous Capparaceae Cadaba aphylla LC Indigenous Fabaceae Calpurnia aurea subsp. aurea LC Indigenous Rubiaceae Canthium inerme LC Indigenous Capparaceae Capparis sepiaria var. citrifolia LC Indigenous Apocynaceae Carissa bispinosa LC Indigenous Aizoaceae Carpobrotus deliciosus LC Indigenous; Endemic Celastraceae Cassine peragua subsp. peragua LC Indigenous Achariaceae Ceratiosicyos laevis LC Indigenous Apocynaceae Ceropegia africana subsp. africana LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Ceropegia ampliata var. ampliata LC Indigenous Apocynaceae Ceropegia cancellata LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Chaenostoma campanulatum LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Chaenostoma polyanthum LC Indigenous; Endemic Apiaceae Chamarea capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Verbenaceae Chascanum cuneifolium LC Indigenous; Endemic Gentianaceae Chironia baccifera LC Indigenous; Endemic Gentianaceae Chironia melampyrifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Agavaceae Chlorophytum capense LC Indigenous; Endemic Agavaceae Chlorophytum crispum LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Chrysocoma ciliata LC Indigenous Asteraceae Cineraria lobata subsp. lobata LC Indigenous Asteraceae Cineraria saxifraga LC Indigenous; Endemic Rutaceae Clausena anisata var. anisata LC Indigenous Ranunculaceae Clematis brachiata LC Indigenous Peraceae Clutia pulchella var. pulchella LC Indigenous Colchicaceae Colchicum albanense LC Indigenous; Endemic Colchicaceae Colchicum orienticapense LC Indigenous; Endemic Santalaceae Colpoon compressum LC Indigenous Commelinaceae Commelina africana var. africana LC Indigenous Burseraceae Commiphora harveyi LC Indigenous Convolvulaceae Convolvulus bidentatus LC Indigenous; Endemic Convolvulaceae Convolvulus farinosus LC Indigenous Convolvulaceae Convolvulus sagittatus LC Indigenous Convolvulaceae Convolvulus thunbergii LC Indigenous Aizoaceae Corpuscularia appressa LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Corpuscularia britteniae LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Corpuscularia taylori LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Cotyledon campanulata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Cotyledon orbiculata var. oblonga LC Indigenous Crassulaceae Cotyledon orbiculata var. orbiculata LC Indigenous Crassulaceae Cotyledon papillaris LC Indigenous Crassulaceae Cotyledon velutina LC Indigenous; Endemic

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Crassulaceae Cotyledon woodii LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Crassothonna cacalioides LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula capitella subsp. capitella LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula capitella subsp. thyrsiflora LC Indigenous Crassulaceae Crassula cordata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula cultrata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula ericoides subsp. ericoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula ericoides subsp. tortuosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula expansa subsp. expansa LC Indigenous Crassulaceae Crassula intermedia LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula lactea LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula latibracteata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula mesembryanthemoides subsp. hispida LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula mesembryanthemoides subsp. mesembryanthemoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula multicava subsp. multicava LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula nemorosa LC Indigenous Crassulaceae Crassula orbicularis LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula ovata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula perfoliata var. minor LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula perfoliata var. perfoliata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula perforata subsp. perforata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula rupestris subsp. rupestris LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula socialis LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula spathulata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula tetragona subsp. acutifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula tetragona subsp. robusta LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula tetragona subsp. tetragona LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Crassula thunbergiana subsp. thunbergiana LC Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Crinum macowanii LC Indigenous Fabaceae Crotalaria capensis LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Croton rivularis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Cuspidia cernua subsp. cernua LC Indigenous; Endemic Araliaceae Cussonia paniculata subsp. paniculata LC Indigenous; Endemic Araliaceae Cussonia spicata LC Indigenous Commelinaceae Cyanotis speciosa LC Indigenous Apocynaceae Cynanchum ellipticum LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Cyperus capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Cyperaceae Cyperus congestus LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Cyperus difformis LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Cyperus rubicundus LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Cyperus squarrosus LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Cyperus tabularis LC Indigenous; Endemic Cyperaceae Cyperus textilis LC Indigenous; Endemic Cyperaceae Cyperus uitenhagensis LC Indigenous Lobeliaceae Cyphia undulata LC Indigenous; Endemic Vitaceae Cyphostemma cirrhosum subsp. cirrhosum LC Indigenous

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Vitaceae Cyphostemma natalitium LC Indigenous; Endemic Vitaceae Cyphostemma quinatum LC Indigenous Amaryllidaceae Cyrtanthus brachyscyphus LC Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Cyrtanthus contractus LC Indigenous Amaryllidaceae Cyrtanthus obliquus LC Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Cyrtanthus smithiae LC Indigenous; Endemic Apiaceae Dasispermum humile LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Delairea odorata LC Indigenous Aizoaceae Delosperma adelaidense LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Delosperma affine LC Indigenous Aizoaceae Delosperma robustum LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Delosperma verecundum LC Indigenous; Endemic Apiaceae Deverra denudata subsp. aphylla LC Indigenous Caryophyllaceae Dianthus micropetalus LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Diascia capsularis LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Diascia cuneata LC Indigenous; Endemic Acanthaceae Dicliptera capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Acanthaceae Dicliptera cernua LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Diclis reptans LC Indigenous Poaceae Digitaria eriantha LC Indigenous Asteraceae Dimorphotheca cuneata LC Indigenous Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea elephantipes LC Indigenous; Endemic Ebenaceae Diospyros dichrophylla LC Indigenous Ebenaceae Diospyros lycioides subsp. lycioides LC Indigenous Ebenaceae Diospyros scabrida var. cordata LC Indigenous; Endemic Ebenaceae Diospyros whyteana LC Indigenous Orchidaceae Disa sagittalis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Disparago ericoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Disparago tortilis LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Dolichos hastaeformis LC Indigenous; Endemic Salicaceae Dovyalis rotundifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Ruscaceae Dracaena aletriformis LC Indigenous Hyacinthaceae Drimia anomala LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Drosanthemum floribundum LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Drosanthemum hispidum LC Indigenous Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris inaequalis LC Indigenous Acanthaceae Dyschoriste burchellii LC Indigenous Acanthaceae Dyschoriste setigera LC Indigenous Boraginaceae Ehretia rigida subsp. rigida LC Indigenous; Endemic Boraginaceae Ehretia rigida subsp. silvatica LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Ehrharta erecta var. erecta LC Indigenous Celastraceae Elaeodendron zeyheri LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Eleocharis limosa LC Indigenous Poaceae Elionurus muticus LC Indigenous Polygonaceae Emex australis LC Indigenous Poaceae Enneapogon scoparius LC Indigenous

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Poaceae Eragrostis capensis LC Indigenous Poaceae Eragrostis curvula LC Indigenous Poaceae Eragrostis lehmanniana var. lehmanniana LC Indigenous Poaceae Eragrostis obtusa LC Indigenous Loranthaceae Erianthemum dregei LC Indigenous Ericaceae Erica caffra var. caffra LC Indigenous Ericaceae Erica nemorosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Eriocephalus punctulatus LC Indigenous Fabaceae Eriosema salignum LC Indigenous Ruscaceae Eriospermum capense subsp. capense LC Indigenous; Endemic Ruscaceae Eriospermum dissitiflorum LC Indigenous; Endemic Ruscaceae Eriospermum dregei LC Indigenous; Endemic Ruscaceae Eriospermum porphyrium LC Indigenous Ebenaceae Euclea undulata LC Indigenous Orchidaceae tuberculata LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia caerulescens LC Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia cumulata LC Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia erythrina LC Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia inconstantia LC Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia mauritanica LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia natalensis LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia pentagona LC Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia procumbens LC Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia silenifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia spartaria LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia stellata LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Euryops algoensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Euryops anthemoides subsp. anthemoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Euryops brachypodus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Euryops spathaceus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Euryops subcarnosus subsp. vulgaris LC Indigenous Poaceae Eustachys paspaloides LC Indigenous Convolvulaceae Falkia repens LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Faucaria britteniae LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Faucaria felina LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Felicia fascicularis LC Indigenous Asteraceae Felicia filifolia subsp. filifolia LC Indigenous Asteraceae Felicia filifolia subsp. schlechteri LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Festuca costata LC Indigenous Poaceae Festuca scabra LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Ficinia gracilis LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Ficinia ramosissima LC Indigenous; Endemic Phyllanthaceae Flueggea verrucosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Fockea edulis LC Indigenous

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Iridaceae Freesia corymbosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Galenia pubescens LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Galenia secunda LC Indigenous Rubiaceae Galium tomentosum LC Indigenous Asphodelaceae Gasteria bicolor var. bicolor LC Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Gasteria pulchra LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Gazania krebsiana subsp. serrulata LC Indigenous Geraniaceae Geranium caffrum LC Indigenous; Endemic Iridaceae Gladiolus albens LC Indigenous; Endemic Iridaceae Gladiolus wilsonii LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Glottiphyllum longum LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Gnaphalium confine LC Indigenous Thymelaeaceae Gnidia nodiflora LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Gomphocarpus physocarpus LC Indigenous Malvaceae Grewia occidentalis var. occidentalis LC Indigenous Malvaceae Grewia robusta LC Indigenous; Endemic Gunneraceae Gunnera perpensa LC Indigenous Celastraceae Gymnosporia buxifolia LC Indigenous Celastraceae Gymnosporia capitata LC Indigenous; Endemic Celastraceae Gymnosporia linearis subsp. linearis LC Indigenous; Endemic Celastraceae Gymnosporia polyacantha subsp. polyacantha LC Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Haemanthus albiflos LC Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Haemanthus carneus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Haplocarpha lyrata LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Harpochloa falx LC Indigenous Orobanchaceae Harveya pumila LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Hebenstretia integrifolia LC Indigenous Asteraceae Helichrysum anomalum LC Indigenous Asteraceae Helichrysum appendiculatum LC Indigenous Asteraceae Helichrysum asperum var. appressifolium LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Helichrysum catipes LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Helichrysum cephaloideum LC Indigenous Asteraceae Helichrysum cymosum subsp. cymosum LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Helichrysum felinum LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Helichrysum herbaceum LC Indigenous Asteraceae Helichrysum miconiifolium LC Indigenous Asteraceae Helichrysum nudifolium var. oxyphyllum LC Indigenous Asteraceae Helichrysum odoratissimum LC Indigenous Asteraceae Helichrysum petiolare LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Helichrysum rosum var. arcuatum LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Helichrysum rosum var. rosum LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Helichrysum rutilans LC Indigenous; Endemic Brassicaceae Heliophila elongata LC Indigenous; Endemic Brassicaceae Heliophila subulata LC Indigenous; Endemic Malvaceae Hermannia althaeifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Malvaceae Hermannia althaeoides LC Indigenous; Endemic

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Malvaceae Hermannia cernua LC Indigenous Malvaceae Hermannia coccocarpa LC Indigenous Malvaceae Hermannia conglomerata LC Indigenous; Endemic Malvaceae Hermannia cuneifolia var. cuneifolia LC Indigenous Malvaceae Hermannia depressa LC Indigenous Malvaceae Hermannia flammea LC Indigenous; Endemic Malvaceae Hermannia gracilis LC Indigenous; Endemic Malvaceae Hermannia stellulata LC Indigenous Malvaceae Hermannia sulcata LC Indigenous; Endemic Malvaceae Hermannia velutina LC Indigenous Apiaceae Heteromorpha arborescens var. arborescens LC Indigenous; Endemic Apiaceae Heteromorpha arborescens var. frutescens LC Indigenous Poaceae Heteropogon contortus LC Indigenous Malvaceae Hibiscus aridus LC Indigenous; Endemic Malvaceae Hibiscus pusillus LC Indigenous Asteraceae Hilliardiella nudicaulis LC Indigenous; Endemic Orchidaceae Holothrix burchellii LC Indigenous; Endemic Orchidaceae Holothrix orthoceras LC Indigenous Orchidaceae Holothrix parviflora LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Hymenolepis indivisa LC Indigenous; Endemic Orobanchaceae Hyobanche sanguinea LC Indigenous Acanthaceae Hypoestes aristata var. aristata LC Indigenous Hypoxidaceae Hypoxis argentea var. argentea LC Indigenous Hypoxidaceae Hypoxis hemerocallidea LC Indigenous Hypoxidaceae Hypoxis setosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Hypoxidaceae Hypoxis stellipilis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Ifloga glomerata LC Indigenous Fabaceae Indigofera angustata LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Indigofera disticha LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Indigofera evansiana LC Indigenous Fabaceae Indigofera heterophylla LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Indigofera ormocarpoides LC Indigenous Fabaceae Indigofera torulosa var. torulosa LC Indigenous Fabaceae Indigofera verrucosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Convolvulaceae Ipomoea crispa LC Indigenous; Endemic Convolvulaceae Ipomoea oenotheroides LC Indigenous Iridaceae Ixia orientalis LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Jamesbrittenia albanensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Jamesbrittenia foliolosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Jamesbrittenia pinnatifida LC Indigenous; Endemic Oleaceae Jasminum breviflorum LC Indigenous Oleaceae Jasminum multipartitum LC Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Jatropha capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Acanthaceae Justicia capensis LC Indigenous Acanthaceae Justicia orchioides subsp. glabrata LC Indigenous; Endemic Crassulaceae Kalanchoe rotundifolia LC Indigenous

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Asphodelaceae Kniphofia linearifolia LC Indigenous Asphodelaceae Kniphofia tysonii subsp. tysonii LC Indigenous; Endemic Rubiaceae Kohautia amatymbica LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Kyllinga alata LC Indigenous Hyacinthaceae Lachenalia bowkeri LC Indigenous; Endemic Hydrocharitaceae Lagarosiphon muscoides LC Indigenous Aizoaceae Lampranthus stayneri LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Lampranthus stipulaceus LC Indigenous; Endemic Verbenaceae Lantana rugosa LC Indigenous Asteraceae Lasiopogon glomerulatus LC Indigenous Thymelaeaceae Lasiosiphon capitatus LC Indigenous Thymelaeaceae Lasiosiphon meisnerianus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Lasiospermum pedunculare LC Indigenous; Endemic Celastraceae Lauridia reticulata LC Indigenous; Endemic Celastraceae Lauridia tetragona LC Indigenous Hyacinthaceae Ledebouria revoluta LC Indigenous Fabaceae Leobordea decumbens subsp. decumbens LC Indigenous; Endemic Lamiaceae Leonotis ocymifolia LC Indigenous Lamiaceae Leonotis pentadentata LC Indigenous Poaceae Leptochloa fusca LC Indigenous Fabaceae Lessertia annularis LC Indigenous Fabaceae Lessertia frutescens subsp. frutescens LC Indigenous Fabaceae Lessertia frutescens subsp. microphylla LC Indigenous Fabaceae Lessertia pauciflora var. pauciflora LC Indigenous Fabaceae Lessertia prostata LC Indigenous Proteaceae Leucospermum cuneiforme LC Indigenous; Endemic Limeaceae Limeum telephioides var. telephioides LC Indigenous; Endemic Linaceae Linum thunbergii LC Indigenous Verbenaceae Lippia javanica LC Indigenous Lobeliaceae Lobelia erinus LC Indigenous Lobeliaceae Lobelia tomentosa LC Indigenous Fabaceae Lotononis pungens LC Indigenous; Endemic Solanaceae Lycium acutifolium LC Indigenous; Endemic Solanaceae Lycium cinereum LC Indigenous Solanaceae Lycium ferocissimum LC Indigenous Solanaceae Lycium horridum LC Indigenous Solanaceae Lycium oxycarpum LC Indigenous; Endemic Capparaceae Maerua cafra LC Indigenous Hyacinthaceae Massonia echinata LC Indigenous; Endemic Celastraceae Maytenus peduncularis LC Indigenous Malvaceae Melhania didyma LC Indigenous Poaceae Melinis nerviglumis LC Indigenous Poaceae Melinis repens subsp. repens LC Indigenous Fabaceae Melolobium candicans LC Indigenous Aizoaceae Mesembryanthemum aitonis LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Mestoklema elatum LC Indigenous; Endemic

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Asteraceae Metalasia densa LC Indigenous Asteraceae Metalasia pungens LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Microchloa caffra LC Indigenous Asteraceae Microglossa mespilifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Lobeliaceae Monopsis unidentata subsp. intermedia LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Monsonia camdeboensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Monsonia emarginata LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Monsonia vanderietiae LC Indigenous; Endemic Montiniaceae Montinia caryophyllacea LC Indigenous Loranthaceae Moquiniella rubra LC Indigenous Iridaceae Moraea elliotii LC Indigenous Polygalaceae Muraltia alticola LC Indigenous Polygalaceae Muraltia macowanii LC Indigenous; Endemic Polygalaceae Muraltia oxysepala LC Indigenous; Endemic Polygalaceae Muraltia squarrosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Orchidaceae Mystacidium capense LC Indigenous Celastraceae Mystroxylon aethiopicum subsp. aethiopicum LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Nemesia floribunda LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Nemesia fruticans LC Indigenous Amaryllidaceae Nerine undulata LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Nidorella auriculata LC Indigenous Apiaceae Notobubon laevigatum LC Indigenous Menyanthaceae Nymphoides thunbergiana LC Indigenous Ochnaceae Ochna serrulata LC Indigenous Lamiaceae Ocimum burchellianum LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Oedera genistifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Oldenburgia grandis LC Indigenous; Endemic Oleaceae Olea capensis subsp. capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Oncosiphon piluliferus LC Indigenous Ophioglossaceae Ophioglossum nudicaule LC Indigenous; Endemic Ophioglossaceae Ophioglossum polyphyllum var. polyphyllum LC Indigenous Apocynaceae Orbea verrucosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Hyacinthaceae Ornithogalum dubium LC Indigenous; Endemic Hyacinthaceae Ornithogalum graminifolium LC Indigenous Orchidaceae Orthochilus ensatus LC Indigenous Asteraceae Osteospermum calendulaceum LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Osteospermum junceum LC Indigenous; Endemic Santalaceae Osyridicarpos schimperianus LC Indigenous Oxalidaceae Oxalis bifurca var. angustiloba LC Indigenous; Endemic Anacardiaceae Ozoroa mucronata LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Pachycarpus dealbatus LC Indigenous Apocynaceae Pachycarpus grandiflorus subsp. grandiflorus LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Pachypodium bispinosum LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Panicum deustum LC Indigenous Poaceae Panicum maximum LC Indigenous Poaceae Panicum stapfianum LC Indigenous

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Sapindaceae Pappea capensis LC Indigenous Thymelaeaceae Passerina corymbosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Thymelaeaceae Passerina obtusifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Hypoxidaceae Pauridia trifurcillata LC Indigenous; Endemic Rubiaceae Pavetta revoluta LC Indigenous Asteraceae Pegolettia retrofracta LC Indigenous Geraniaceae Pelargonium abrotanifolium LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Pelargonium alchemilloides LC Indigenous Geraniaceae Pelargonium capitatum LC Indigenous Geraniaceae Pelargonium inquinans LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Pelargonium ionidiflorum LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Pelargonium odoratissimum LC Indigenous Geraniaceae Pelargonium peltatum LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Pelargonium radens LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Pelargonium ribifolium LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Pelargonium sidoides LC Indigenous Geraniaceae Pelargonium worcesterae LC Indigenous; Endemic Geraniaceae Pelargonium zonale LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Peliostomum origanoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Pentameris eriostoma LC Indigenous Poaceae Pentameris pallida LC Indigenous Asteraceae Pentzia incana LC Indigenous Asteraceae Pentzia sphaerocephala LC Indigenous Poaceae Phragmites australis LC Indigenous Rhamnaceae Phylica gnidioides LC Indigenous; Endemic Rhamnaceae Phylica paniculata LC Indigenous Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus incurvus LC Indigenous Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus maderaspatensis LC Indigenous Asteraceae Phymaspermum parvifolium LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Piaranthus geminatus subsp. geminatus LC Indigenous; Endemic Pittosporaceae Pittosporum viridiflorum LC Indigenous Plumbaginaceae Plumbago auriculata LC Indigenous Caryophyllaceae Pollichia campestris LC Indigenous Polygalaceae Polygala asbestina LC Indigenous; Endemic Polygalaceae Polygala ericaefolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Polygalaceae Polygala illepida LC Indigenous; Endemic Polygalaceae Polygala microlopha var. microlopha LC Indigenous; Endemic Polygalaceae Polygala myrtifolia var. myrtifolia LC Indigenous Polygalaceae Polygala rehmannii LC Indigenous Polygalaceae Polygala virgata var. virgata LC Indigenous Didiereaceae Portulacaria afra LC Indigenous Proteaceae Protea cynaroides LC Indigenous; Endemic Proteaceae Protea lorifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Proteaceae Protea repens LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Pseudognaphalium undulatum LC Indigenous Fabaceae Psoralea glabra LC Indigenous

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Fabaceae Psoralea oligophylla LC Indigenous; Endemic Rubiaceae Psydrax obovata subsp. obovata LC Indigenous Rutaceae Ptaeroxylon obliquum LC Indigenous Celastraceae Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Pteronia adenocarpa LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Pteronia incana LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Pulicaria scabra LC Indigenous Celastraceae Putterlickia pyracantha LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Rafnia elliptica LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Raphionacme zeyheri LC Indigenous; Endemic Restionaceae Restio paniculatus LC Indigenous; Endemic Bignoniaceae Rhigozum obovatum LC Indigenous Restionaceae Rhodocoma fruticosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Rhombophyllum albanense LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Rhynchosia calvescens LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Rhynchosia caribaea LC Indigenous Fabaceae Rhynchosia ciliata LC Indigenous; Endemic Acanthaceae Ruellia cordata LC Indigenous Polygonaceae Rumex lanceolatus LC Indigenous Aizoaceae Ruschia multiflora LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Ruschia uncinata LC Indigenous; Endemic Lamiaceae Salvia runcinata LC Indigenous Lamiaceae Salvia verbenaca LC Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Ruscaceae Sansevieria aethiopica LC Indigenous Ruscaceae Sansevieria hyacinthoides LC Indigenous Orchidaceae Satyrium parviflorum LC Indigenous Orchidaceae Satyrium sphaerocarpum LC Indigenous Dipsacaceae Scabiosa albanensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Schistostephium crataegifolium LC Indigenous Asteraceae Schistostephium flabelliforme LC Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Schizoglossum cordifolium LC Indigenous Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus decipiens LC Indigenous Fabaceae Schotia afra var. afra LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Schotia afra var. angustifolia LC Indigenous Salicaceae Scolopia zeyheri LC Indigenous Rhamnaceae Scutia myrtina LC Indigenous Anacardiaceae Searsia dentata LC Indigenous Anacardiaceae Searsia glauca LC Indigenous; Endemic Anacardiaceae Searsia incisa var. effusa LC Indigenous; Endemic Anacardiaceae Searsia incisa var. incisa LC Indigenous; Endemic Anacardiaceae Searsia lancea LC Indigenous Anacardiaceae Searsia longispina LC Indigenous; Endemic Anacardiaceae Searsia magalismontana subsp. trifoliolata LC Indigenous Anacardiaceae Searsia pallens LC Indigenous Anacardiaceae Searsia refracta LC Indigenous; Endemic Anacardiaceae Searsia rehmanniana var. glabrata LC Indigenous

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Anacardiaceae Searsia undulata LC Indigenous Gentianaceae Sebaea ramosissima LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Selago confusa LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Selago decipiens LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Selago dolosa LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Selago geniculata LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Selago recurva LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Senecio arenarius LC Indigenous Asteraceae Senecio asperulus LC Indigenous Asteraceae Senecio brachypodus LC Indigenous Asteraceae Senecio bupleuroides LC Indigenous Asteraceae Senecio chrysocoma LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Senecio deltoideus LC Indigenous Asteraceae Senecio junceus LC Indigenous Asteraceae Senecio lineatus LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Senecio linifolius LC Indigenous Asteraceae Senecio madagascariensis LC Indigenous Asteraceae Senecio oederiifolius LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Senecio speciosus LC Indigenous Fabaceae Senegalia kraussiana LC Indigenous Poaceae Setaria sphacelata var. sphacelata LC Indigenous Poaceae Setaria sphacelata var. torta LC Indigenous Malvaceae Sida rhombifolia subsp. rhombifolia LC Indigenous Malvaceae Sida ternata LC Indigenous Sapotaceae Sideroxylon inerme subsp. inerme LC Indigenous Solanaceae Solanum linnaeanum LC Indigenous Solanaceae Solanum retroflexum LC Indigenous Poaceae Sporobolus africanus LC Indigenous Poaceae Sporobolus nitens LC Indigenous Lamiaceae Stachys aethiopica LC Indigenous Apocynaceae Stapelia grandiflora var. conformis LC Indigenous; Endemic Apiaceae Stenosemis caffra LC Indigenous; Endemic Strelitziaceae Strelitzia reginae subsp. reginae LC Indigenous Gesneriaceae Streptocarpus rexii LC Indigenous; Endemic Orobanchaceae Striga gesnerioides LC Indigenous Thymelaeaceae Struthiola argentea LC Indigenous; Endemic Thymelaeaceae Struthiola macowanii LC Indigenous; Endemic Thymelaeaceae Struthiola parviflora LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Syncarpha milleflora LC Indigenous; Endemic Scrophulariaceae Teedia lucida LC Indigenous Fabaceae Tephrosia capensis var. angustifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Tephrosia grandiflora LC Indigenous; Endemic Lamiaceae Teucrium africanum LC Indigenous; Endemic Lamiaceae Teucrium trifidum LC Indigenous Poaceae Themeda triandra LC Indigenous Santalaceae Thesium fructicosum LC Indigenous; Endemic

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Santalaceae Thesium galioides LC Indigenous; Endemic Santalaceae Thesium pallidum LC Indigenous Santalaceae Thesium scandens LC Indigenous; Endemic Santalaceae Thesium triflorum LC Indigenous Acanthaceae Thunbergia capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Trachyandra affinis LC Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Trachyandra giffenii LC Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Tragus berteronianus LC Indigenous Poaceae Tragus koelerioides LC Indigenous Zygophyllaceae Tribulus terrestris LC Indigenous Aizoaceae Trichodiadema decorum LC Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Trichodiadema mirabile LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Trifolium burchellianum subsp. burchellianum LC Indigenous Iridaceae Tritonia disticha subsp. rubrolucens LC Indigenous Iridaceae Tritonia strictifolia LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Ursinia anethoides LC Indigenous; Endemic Asteraceae Ursinia nana subsp. nana LC Indigenous Fabaceae Vachellia karroo LC Indigenous Santalaceae Viscum continuum LC Indigenous; Endemic Santalaceae Viscum crassulae LC Indigenous; Endemic Santalaceae Viscum obscurum LC Indigenous Santalaceae Viscum rotundifolium LC Indigenous Pteridaceae Vittaria isoetifolia LC Indigenous Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia androsacea LC Indigenous Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia undulata LC Indigenous Solanaceae Withania somnifera LC Indigenous Scrophulariaceae Zaluzianskya capensis LC Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Acacia cyclops NE Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Fabaceae Acacia implexa NE Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Fabaceae Acacia saligna NE Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Lauraceae Cassytha filiformis NE Indigenous Crassulaceae Crassula muscosa var. muscosa NE Indigenous Crassulaceae Crassula muscosa var. polpodacea NE Indigenous; Endemic Poaceae Cymbopogon pospischilii NE Indigenous Cyperaceae Cyperus longus var. tenuiflorus NE Indigenous Caryophyllaceae Dianthus thunbergii forma thunbergii NE Indigenous; Endemic Ericaceae Erica cerinthoides var. cerinthoides NE Indigenous Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia bothae NE Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Haworthia cooperi var. gracilis NE Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Haworthia cooperi var. pilifera NE Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Haworthia cymbiformis var. cymbiformis NE Indigenous; Endemic Asphodelaceae Haworthia cymbiformis var. incurvula NE Indigenous; Endemic Hypoxidaceae Hypoxis villosa var. villosa NE Indigenous Limeaceae Limeum aethiopicum var. intermedium NE Indigenous; Endemic Ochnaceae Ochna arborea var. arborea NE Indigenous Cactaceae Opuntia ficus-indica NE Not indigenous; Cultivated; Naturalised; Invasive

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Cactaceae Opuntia stricta NE Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Hyacinthaceae Ornithogalum juncifolium var. emmsii NE Indigenous; Endemic Hyacinthaceae Ornithogalum juncifolium var. juncifolium NE Indigenous Poaceae Paspalum dilatatum NE Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Poaceae Pennisetum setaceum NE Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Rhamnaceae Phylica axillaris var. cooperi NE Indigenous; Endemic Rhamnaceae Phylica axillaris var. lutescens NE Indigenous; Endemic Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus fraternus NE Not indigenous; Naturalised Poaceae Poa annua NE Not indigenous; Naturalised Poaceae Polypogon monspeliensis NE Not indigenous; Naturalised Vitaceae Rhoicissus tridentata subsp. cuneifolia NE Indigenous Vitaceae Rhoicissus tridentata subsp. tridentata NE Indigenous; Endemic Anacardiaceae Searsia lucida forma lucida NE Indigenous Fabaceae Sesbania punicea NE Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Fabaceae Vicia hirsuta NE Not indigenous; Naturalised Poaceae Vulpia bromoides NE Not indigenous; Naturalised; Invasive Asphodelaceae Aloe micracantha NT Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Crinum campanulatum NT Indigenous; Endemic Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia meloformis NT Indigenous; Endemic Proteaceae Leucospermum cordifolium NT Indigenous; Endemic Proteaceae Leucospermum vestitum NT Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Mestoklema albanicum NT Indigenous; Endemic Aizoaceae Orthopterum waltoniae NT Indigenous; Endemic Rutaceae Agathosma pulchella VU Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Apodolirion macowanii VU Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Aspalathus arenaria VU Indigenous; Endemic Fabaceae Aspalathus gerrardii VU Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Brachystelma comptum VU Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Brachystelma luteum VU Indigenous; Endemic Apocynaceae Ceropegia fimbriata subsp. fimbriata VU Indigenous; Endemic Orchidaceae Disa lugens var. lugens VU Indigenous; Endemic Ericaceae Erica glumiflora VU Indigenous; Endemic Ruscaceae Eriospermum bracteatum VU Indigenous; Endemic Iridaceae Gladiolus huttonii VU Indigenous; Endemic Proteaceae Leucospermum praecox VU Indigenous; Endemic Amaryllidaceae Nerine huttoniae VU Indigenous; Endemic Hyacinthaceae Ornithogalum britteniae VU Indigenous; Endemic Strelitziaceae Strelitzia juncea VU Indigenous; Endemic

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