· Appendix 2. Species offish that appear in the Mongolian Red Book

Scientific name 1. Acipenser baeri baicalensis 2. A. schrencki 3. Tinca tinca 4. Mesocottus haitej 5. Coregonus autumnalis migratorius 6. Lampetrajaponica 7. Camporoides daurica 8. Leander modestus 9. Dahurinaia dahurica 10. Cristaria plicata 11. Anodonta sedakovi 12. MiddendorJfinaia mongolica

104 Appendix 3. The potential range, area of potential protection, and percentage of range potentially protected with current protected areas for species classified as legally as very rare or rare, in the Mongolian Red Book, Threatened by 1UCN and listed in CITES Appendices I or II.

CLASS NAME POTENTIAL POTENTIAL % LEGAL REDBOO IUCN CITES RANGE (106 PR(XTECTION (106ha) K ha) Amphibia Salamandrella keyserlingii 74.00 3.02 4.08 Y Amphibia Bufo danatensis 26.07 0.69 2.64 y Amphlhia Hylajaponica 26.07 0.69 2.64 Y Amphibia Rana chensinensis 55.30 1.27 2.29 Y Reptilia Phrynocephalus helioscopus 35.36 7.60 21.49 Y Reptilia Cyrtapodionelongatus 35.36 7.60 21.49 Y Reptilia Eremiasarguta 35.36 7.60 21.49 Y Reptilia Eryx tataricus 35.36 7.60 21.49 Y II Reptilia Coluberspinalis 64.54 1.61 2.49 Y Aves Pelecanuscrispus 27.24 0.79 2.90 R Y V I Aves Botaurus stellaris 45.42 2.22 4.89 R Aves Casnverocliusalbus 48.76 1.55 3.18 R Y Aves Platalealeucorodia 61.97 3.18 5.13 R Y II Aves Ciconia boyciana 1.01 0.35 34.47 R Y E I Aves Ciconianigra 129.21 6.48 5.01 R Y II Aves Cygnus olor 6.11 0.58 9.49 R Y Aves Cygnus cygnus 136.25 11.88 8.72 VR Y Aves Cygnuscolumbianus 78.16 3.79 4.85 R Aves Anser albifi'ons 20.11 1.63 8.10 R Aves /lnasformosa 64.96 3.19 4.90 R Y V Aves Aythya baeri ' 1.19 0.54 45.41 R Y V Aves Oxyura leucocephala 6.11 0.58 9.49 R Y V Aves' Pandion haliaetus 63.93 5.83 9.12 Y Aves Pernisptilorhynchos 26.88 1.78 6.62 II Aves Milvusmigrans 155.23 12.59 8.11 II

105 _ . , _... oooooooo _:_._._._

I

I I

!

I : i I

I · Aves Athenenoctua 155.23 12.59 8.11 II Aves Strix uralensis 79.69 5.77 7.24 II Aves Strix nebulosa 20.55 2.43 11.82 II Aves Asio otus 110.57 11.53 10.43 II Aves Asiofiammeus 79.69 5.77 7.24 II Aves Aegoliusfunereus 49.40 3.53 7.15 II Aves Saxicola insignis 55.80 7.99 14.32 y Aves Remizpendulinus 100.87 9.07 8.99 Y Mammalia Spermophdus alaschanicus 4.81 1.34 27.79 R Y Mammalia Castor fiber 2.56 0.41 15.97 VR Y Mammalia J Dryomys nitedula 9.10 0.48 5.31 Y Mammalia Meriones tamariscinus 50.92 6.63 13.03 y Mammalia Salpingotus kozlovi 1.80 0.47 26.29 y Mammalia Salpingotus crassicauda 2.56 0.41 15.97 Y Mammalia Cardiocraniusparadoxus 22.56 1.92 8.53 Y Mammalia Lynx lynx 34. l 0 6.02 17.66 R II Mammalia Otocolobus manul (Fells manu0 73.65 1.98 2.68 K II Mammalia Felis silvestris 13.66 0 4 ! 3.00 R II Mammalia Uncia uncia (Panthera uncia) 28.74 5.83 20.28 VR Y V I Mammalia Ursus arctos 25.63 2.64 10.1 Mammalia Ursus arctospruinosus 7.72 4.69 60.79 VR Y I Mammalia Canis lupus 155.23 12.59 8.11 . II Mammalia Vulpes corsac 107.81 3.92 3.64 K Mammalia Cuon alpinus 17.80 2.41 16.34 VR Y V II Mammalia Lutralutra 3.26 0.54 16.6l VR Y I Mammalia Gulo gulo 18.30 2.43 13.27 V Mammalia Martesfoina 40.74 3.61 8.87 R Mammalia Vormelaperegusna 54.41 6.61 12.15 R Y Mammalia Equus hemionus 7.80 3.77 48.34 R Y V I Mammalia Equus przewalskii 23.04 5.11 22.16 ¥'R Y I Mammalia Camelusferus 14.65 5.17 35.27 VR Y V Mammalia Sus scrofa nigripes 76.20 8.52 11.18 R Y i

107 Activities Prohibited and Permitted within Protected Area Zones

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a,.rrr. S_,_.,Animals [kNlkN"_kX_IK',.xlk'kNgIkkNX'ql"l.IX_%l 'Ik',."_lN%"4IK_NLL,'_."_q_! 1l L_"_IL%_TK_N"_ILI_'"_Ik_]K'_"_'N'_T_L'_4',,1k5_I_1k%"_',.'_Ill_'_

gollect or Damage Bird Eggs _____ [_,.Nh_]_N _ _'N,,_[k_'_ I _m_g I_.NlkNh3k%_iK',NxlIIIlll I:U _ _ I_ I_N3]k'%'L%Xl ?atmaHabita_Enhancem_a IIlllllllll Illlllllll Ll Illllllllllll Illllll IIII IIIIIllllll Illlllllllllllllllllllllll IIIIIIlll _',al,fes...e.. Illllllllll Illlllllll llll Illllllllllll/ Illllll Illl Illllllllll llllllllllllilllllllllllll Illllllll Appendix 5. List of references, documents and atlas used for preparing the BAP.

· A world list of mammalian species. Corbet and Hill, Oxford University Press, 1991 .o Mammal species of the world. Wilson, Don E and Dee Ann Reeder, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC, 1993 .· The Travels of Marco Polo, the Venetian. Translated by W.Marsden, Doublday N.Y., 1948 * The changing world of Mongolia's nomads. Goldstein, M.C. and Cynthia Beall, University of Cali£omia Press, 1994 · Biogeography and plate tectonics. J.C.Briggs, Elsevier, NY, 1987 · The Geography of Life. Neill, W., Columbia University Press, NY, 1969 · Animals of Central Asia. Osmond Abeland - Sehman, London 1967 · Natural History of Central Asia: The mammals of China and Mongolia. Allen, Grover, M. The American Museum of Natural History, NY, 1938 · The Permian of Mongolia. Grabau, A.W. The American Museum of Natural History. NY, 1931 * Mongolian Environmental Action Plan, Government of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Feb. 1995 · Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth. Living Resources, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Chapman and Hall, London, 1992 · China: Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan. Beijing, 1994 · Mongolia Annual Economic Development Report. National Development Board, Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, May 1995 · An Evaluation of Natural Grasslands of Mongolia for Sustainable Management. Lincoln International Limited, Lincoln University, Canter bury NZ, October 1995 · Mongolian Demographic Survey. Population Teaching and Research Center, Mongolia National University, Ulaanbaatar, 1994 · Proceedings of Workshop on Biodiversity. Ulaanbaatar, 1993 · The Far East and Australia. Europa Publication Limited, London, 1994 · Distribution and Taxomony of Birds of the World. Sibley, Charles and Burr L.Monroe, Jr., Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1990 · The Europa World Year Book, Vol. II, Europa Publication Ltd, London, 1995 · Soils of Outer Mongolia. Bespalov, N.O., translated from Russian for USDA and NSF by the Israel Program for Scientific Translation, 1951 · Birds ofth_ World. Clement, Jones F. IBIS Publications Co. California, 1991 · Rangeland Health: new methods to classify, inventory and monitor rangelands. Committee on Rangeland Classification, Board of Agriculture, National Research Council, National Academy Press. Washington DC, 1994 , Range Management. Heady, Harold McGraw-Hill Book Co, NY, 1975 * Economic report on MPR. Asia Development Bank, 1991 · A Directory of Asian wetlands, Mongolian Peoples Republic. Edited by Scott, D. A., IUCN, 1989

115 · Component B. Conservation Areas/Wildlife, Gunin, Peter, Biodiversity Project, 1993 · Biology. Raven, Peter H. and George B. Johnson, Times Mirror/Mosby College Publication, St Louis, 1986 · Profile of Forestry in Mongolia. Enkhbat, A., Ministry for Nature and the Environment, January, 1996 · Mission report. Mission to Assist the Government in Revising the National Plan of Action to Combat Desertification. WIT.P.Amhem, The Netherlands, January, 1996 · · Dictionary of the vertebrate species of Mongolia. Reading R.P., D. Sumya, R. Samya and N. Batsaihan, Mongolia Biodiversity Project, Ulaanbaatar, 1994 · National Atlas. MPR's Academy of Science and Academy of Science, USSR, Ulaanbaatar, Moscow, 1990

116 Appendix 6. List of animal species classified as very rare, and rare under the Mongolian Law on Hunting

I. Very Rare Species

Mammals

English name Scientific name 1. Przewalskii horse Equus przewalskii 2. Bactrian camel Camelusferus 3. Gobi bear Ursus arctos 4. moose Alces alces cameloides 5. reindeer Rangifer tarandus

6. musk deer Moschus moschi_rus 7. beaver Castor fiber 8. Eurasian otter Lutra lutra 9. snow leopard . Uncia uncia 10. Asiatic wild dog Cuon alpinus 11. saiga antelope Saiga tatarica Birds

English flame Scientific name 1. houbara bustard Chlamydotis undulata 2. whooper swan Cygnus cygnus 3. whitenaped crane Grus vipio 4. ring-necked pheasant Phasianus colchicus 5. hooded crane Grus monacha 6. Siberian crane i Grus leucogeranus Fish

English name ' Scientific name 1. Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenki 2. Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baeri 2. Rare species

Mammals

English name Scientific name 1. argali Ovis ammon 2. Siberian ibex Capra sibirica 3. Asiatic wild ass Equus hemionus

117 goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa elk (red deer) Cervus elaphus moose Alces alces pfizenmayeri wild boar Sus scrofa Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx beech marten Martesfoina 1 European wild cat Felis silvestris 1 marbled polecat Vormelaperegusna 1 ground squirrel Citellus spermophilus Birds

English name Scientific name 1. Altai snowcock Tetraogallus altaicus 2. pied goose Anser albifrons 3. swan goose Anser cygnoides 4. barheaded goose Anser indicus 5. mute swan Cygnus olor 6. Bewick's swan Cygnus columbianas 7. Baikal teal Anasformosa 8. Baer's pochard Aythya baeri adarin duck Aix galericulata 10. white-headed duck Oxyura leucocephala 11. Eurasian bittern Botaurus stellaris 12. great white egret Casmerodius albus 13. Eurasian spoonbill Platalea leucorodia 14. Oriental white stork Ciconia boyciana 15. black stork Ciconia negra 16. great bustard Otis tarda 17. Asiatic dowitcher Limnodromus semipalmatus 18. black-winged stilt Himantopus himantopus 19. European turtle dove Streptopelia turtur 20. red-footed falcon Falco vespertinus 21. Amur falcon Falco amurensis 22. Dalmatian pelican Pelecanus crispus Fish

English name Scientific name 1. grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella 2. silver carp · Hyophthalmicthys molitrix 3, tenth Tinca tinca

118 \ppendix 7 List of plant species classified as very rare and rare under the Mongolian Law on Natural Plants a) Very rare plants

,lrnica iO'inii Cyripedium macranthum .4bies sibirica * Dasiphora lactifiora Aconitum kusnezoffi Dictamnus dasycarpus ..tcorus calamus Drosera anglica .,1donis mongolica Drosera rotundifolia Alliurn macrostemon Dryopteris dilatata Allium obliquum Elaeagnus moorcrofiii Ammopiptanthus mongolicus Ephedra equisetina Anabasis aphylla Ephedrafedtschenkoae , ,4nabasis eripoda Epipogon aphyllum Androsace longifolia Ferula ferulaeodes Anenarrhena asphodeloides Gagea hien_is anemarrhena Gentiana macrophylla · Aquilegia ganboldii Gentianctpulmonaria Arnebia guttata * Glycyrrhiza squamulosa Artemisia leucophylla Gueldenstaedtia monophyla · Artem¢ia tomentella Gymnocarpos przewalskii Artemisia xanthochroa Halimodendron halodendron · Aspecilia osculenta Hedysarumfi'uticosum Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus Hedysarum sangilense Bieberstenia odora Helicheysum arenarium Botrychium lanceolatum lljinia regelii Brachanthemum gobicum Incarvillea potaninii Brachanthemum mongolorum Juniperus sabina Calypso bulbosa Jurinea mongolica Cardamine parvifiora Lancea tibetica Caragana brachypoda Lilium martagon Caragana gobica * Lilium pensylvanicum Caragana tibetica Limonium aureum Centaurea pulchella Lycopodium al£inum Chesneya mongolica Lycopodium clavatum Chrysanthemum sinuatum Maianthemum dilatatum · Cistanche deserticolla Malva mauritiana Clematis glauca Mitella nuda · Codonopsis clematidea * Nematonostocfiagelliforme Convallaria keiskei Neottia camtschatea Corallorhiza trifida Neoltianthe cucullata Cyripedium calceolus Nupharpumilum

119 * Nymphaea candida Rosa kokanica' Olgaea leucophylla Rosa laxa Orchisfuchsii * Sagittaria natans Orchis militaris Salvia deserta Oxycoccus microcarpus Sambucus manshurica Oxytropis acanthacea Sanguisorba alpina Oxytropisfi'agilifolia Saussurea involucrata Oxytropis Grubovii Saxifraga hirculus Paeonia lactifiora Scheuchzeria palustris Paris verticillata Sedumpallescens Pedicularis abrotanifolia * Scrtia Banzaragczii Pedicularis altaica Solidago dahurica Peganum harmala Sophorafiavescens phlomis oreophila Sorbaria sorbifolia Physochlaina albifiora rofildia coccinea Plantanthera bifolia * Trollius sajanense Polygonatum humile Tugarinovia mongolica Populus diversifolia Tulipa unifiora Potaninia mongolica Typha minima Rhamnusparvifolia Vacciniummyrtillus Rhamnus ussurienis Valeriana saichanensis * Rhaponticum carthamnoides * Viburnummongolictfm Rheum uninerve Viburnumsargentii Rhodiola rosea Vicia tsydenii Rhododendron adamsii Vincetoxicum sibiricum Rhododendron aureum Viola brachycheras Rhododendron dahuricum Zizania latifolia Rhododendron ledebouri Zigadenus sibiricus Rhododendron parvifolium Zygophyllumpotaninii

b) Rare Plants

Achillea acuminata Allium maximoviczii Achillea ledebourii Anabasis elatior Achnatherum inebrians Asparagus oligoclonos Aconitum anthoroideum Asperula humifusa Aconitum komarovii ' Asperula saxicola Agrostemma githago Asterothamnus molliusculus Alchemilla cyrtopleura Astragalus altaicus Alchemilla krylovii Astragalus baitagensis Alchemilla hebescens Astragalus changaicus Alchemilla pavlovii Astragalus granitovii Allium galanthum Astragalu s gregorii

120 Astragalus kurtschumensis Diarthron linifolium Astragalus physocarpus Draba altaica Astragaius scabrisetiformis Draba multiceps Astragalus squarrosulus Draba pygmaea Astragalus vulpinus Draba sibirica Atraphaxis compacta Echinops nanus Atraphaxis spinosa Elymus excelsus Batrachium kauffmannii Elymusfedtschenkoi Batrachium mongolicum Elymus pamiricus Brachanthemum mongolicum Elymus praecaespitosus Braya siliquosa Epilobium davuricum Bunias cochlearioides Equisetum ramosissimum Bunium capillifolium Equisetum variegatum Butomus junceus Eragrostis cilianensis Calamagrostis inexpansa *Eremogonia androsacea Calamagrostis turczaninovii *Eremogonia juncea (arenaria) Calligonum gobicum Eremopyrum distans Calligonum junceum Eryngiumplanum Calystegia hederacea Festuca litvinovii Calystegia subvolubilis Festuca venusta Camelina microcarpa Frankenia puh,eruiqnta Cardamine leucantha Galatella macrosciadia Cardamine macrophylla Galitzkya macrocarpa Cardarnine trifida Gentiana riparia Carex leporina Gnaphalium supinum Carpoceras ceratocarpum Goldbachia ikonnikovii Cenolophium denudatum Goldbachia laevigata Centaurea adpressa Goniolimon callicomum Centaurea calva Gypsophila cephalotes Chelidonium majus Halocnemum strobilaceum Chenopodium chenopodioides Hedysarum dahuricum Chenopodium iljinii Helictotrichon altaicum Chorispora bungeana Herniaria glabra Chrysanthemum chalchingolicum Hieracium echioides Chrysosplenium nudicaule Hordeum bogdanii Cimicifuga dahurica Iris halophila Cirsium pendulum * Juncellus pannonicus Clematis aethusifolia duncus articulatus Cleornegobica Jurinea chaetocarpa Climacoptera subcrassa Kalidium caspicum Crypsis schoenoides Kobresia robusta Dianthus hoeltzeri Lagochilus bungei Dianthus soongoricus Lappula semiglabra Dianthus superbus Leonurus panzerioides

121 Lilium buschianum Piptatherum songaricum Lilium potaninii Pisum arvense Limonium gobicum Poa alpina Limonium grubovii Poa kenteica Linaria hepatica Poa reverdattoi Linum pallescens Poa supina Linum usitatisimum * Poacynum hendersonii Lophanthus krylovii Polygonum dumetorum Matricaria recutita Potamogeton lucens Melandrium mongolicum Potamogeton natans Melilotus albus Potamogeton obtusifolius Melilotus wolgicus Potamogeton praelongus Microstigma junatovii Potentilla arenosa Minuartia arctica Potentilla chrysantha Minuartia regeliana Potentilla ikonnikovii Minuartia stricta Potentilla imbricata Moehringia umbrosa Potentilla norvegica Moneses uniflora Potentilla regeliana Najas marina Puccinellia przewalskii Nanophyton erinaceum Pulicaria prostrata Nepeta pannonica Pulsatilla multifida Nymphaea tetragona Ranunculus propinquus · Oenanthejavanica Rhodiola algida Onosma transrhymnense Ribes pagrans Oxytropis diantha Ribes heterotrichum Oxytropisfalcata *Ribes hispidulum Oxytropis gorbunovii Rochelia leiocarpa Oxytropis komarovii Rosa albertii Oxytropis krylovii Rosa beggeriana Oxytropis ladyginii Rosa platyacantha Oxytropis mongolica Rumexpseudonatronatus Oxytropis saposhnikovii $alsola foliosa Oxytropis sordida $alsola rosacea Oxytropis sutaica $aussurea catharinae Oxytropis tenuis Saussurea foliosa Paeonea anomala Saussurea glaoialis Papaver saichanense Saussurea involucrata Pedicularis fissa Saussurea klementzii Petrosimonia litwinowii $aussurea latifolia £etrosimonia sibirica Schismus arabicus ?eucedanum terebinthaceum Schizachne callosa Phleum alpinum Scolochloa festucacea Phlomis pratensis $cirpus radicans Pinguicula alpina Scorzonera grubovii

122 $corzonera parvifiora Thermopsis hirsutissima $cutellaria paulsenii Thermopsis longicarpa $cutellaria supina Thymus komarovii $cutellaria viscidula Thymus mongolicus $enecio argunensis Thymus pavlovii Setaria glauca . Thymus roseus $ilene iche-bogdae Tillaea aquatica $ilene mongolica Torularia grubovii Sisymbrium loeselii Tretocarya pratensis Sisymbrium subspinescens . Trifolium repens Smelovskia bifurcata Trollius altaicus $ophora alopecuroides Veronica perpusilla Sparganium glomeratum Vicia geminifiora Stellaria media Vicia japonica Stellaria pulvinata Vicia semenovii Steilaria radians Vincetoxicum lanceolatum Stenocoelium athamantoides Viola acuminata Stipa consanguinea Viola brachysepala Stipa rubens Viola collina Strigosella africana Viola patrinii $uaeda linifolia Ziziphora clinopodioides Synurus deltoides Zygophyllum gobicum Tamarix hispida Zygophyllum kaschgaricum Tanacetum tanacetoides Zygophyllum li_tifolium Taraxacum armeriifolium Zygophyllum mucronatum Tetracme quadricornis Zygophyllum neglectum Thermopsis grubovii Zygophyllum sianum

· Scientific name not verified

123 Appendix 8. The potential range, area of potential protection, and percentage of range potentially protected with current and proposed protected areas for species classified as legally very rare or rare, in the Mongolian Red Book, Threatened by IUCN, and in CITES Appendices I of II.

CLASS NAME POTENTIAL RANGE POTENTIAL PROTECTION % i LEGAL REDBOOK IUCN CITES (106ha) (106ha) ,_phibia Salamandrella k_serlingii 74.00 8.80 11.89 Y Amphibia , Bufo danatensis 26.07 2.80 10.73 Y Amphibia Hylajaponica 26.07 2.80 10.73 Y Amphibia Rana chensinensis 55.30 5.18 9.37 Y Reptilia Phrynocephalus helioscopus 35.36 8.18 23.12 Y Reptilia Cyrtapodionelongatus 35.36 8.18 23.12 Y Reptilia Eremias arguta 35.36 8.18 23.12 Y Reptilia Eryx tataricus 35.36 8.18 23.12 Y II Reptilis Coluberspinalis 64.54 6.72 10.41 Y Aves Pelecanus crispus 27.24 2.33 8.55 R Y V I Aves Botaurus stellaris 45.42 4.91 10.81 R Aves Casmerodiusalbus . 48.76 4.15 8.50 R Y Aves Platalealeucorodia 61.97 8.35 13.47 R Y II Aves Ciconia boyciana 1.01 0.35 34.47 K Y E I Aves Ciconia nigra 129.21 15.80 12.23 R Y II Aves Cygnus olor 6.11 0.74 12.07 R Y Aves C_gnuscygnus 136.25 19.91 14.62 VR Y Aves Cygnus columbianus 78.16 8.60 11.01 R Aves , Anser albifi_ons 20.11 2.52 12.55 R Aves Ariasformosa 64.96. 6.91 10.63 R Y V

Aves Aythya baeri 1.19 l 0.54 45.41 R Y V Aves Oxyura leucocephala 6.11 0.74 12.07 R Y V Aves Pandion haliaetus 63.93 10.05 15.71 Y Aves Pernis ptilorhynchos 26.88 4.04 15.05 11 Aves Milvus migrans 155.23 22.02 14.19 1I Aves Circus cyaneus 95.73 12.25 12.80 Il Aves Circus melanoleucos 58.50 8.67 14.82 II Aves Accipiter gentilis 89.69 9.76 10.88 ll Ii l-ii l l Il+l lI-

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I ManunMall__oValentinae 4.31 0.09 VR y -- 7.80 3.89 y _'a 29.81 -- 6.33 R 33.33 4.76 R 32.08 8.70 R y

V - Vulnem61e E - Endangered K - Insufficiently known R - Rare

127