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Repressive Ideologies of the Ruling Class and Sinclair's REPRESSIVE IDEOLOGIES OF THE RULING CLASS AND SINCLAIR’S IDEOLOGY IN THE FLIVVER KING: A STORY OF FORD AMERICA A THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Attainment of the Sarjana Sastra Degree in the English Literature by : Diah Kurniasari 10211141023 ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE STUDY PROGRAM ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY 2016 i ii iii iv DEDICATION To My Mother who is patiently and affectionately raising a daughter like me To (Alm) My Father, who was my Superman, who would appear of nowwhere to fix every sort of my problems. Just like Superman. And All my siblings, now you know what a cool sister I am v MOTTOS Ihdinas-Siraatal-Mustaqeem (Guide us to the straight path-) Q.S Al-Fatihah (6) Parents are most happy when their children are happy. - Yang Hyun Suk 2015- It is not smart to respond immediately when there is trouble. When you keep your cool when opponent doesn’t, it ultimately gives them trouble. So keeping my cool is the best way to defend myself and attack others As in all games, once the play has started, you realize how unprepared you actually are. If you want to run away, it’s already too late. -Misaeng 2014- vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All praises be to Alloh SWT, the Almighty and the most Merciful who gives me everything, the strength, peace of mind, good health, and miracles. Without Alloh, this piece of writing would have never been finished. I would also like to send my sincere gratitute to my supervisors, family, and friends who helped me a lot in making this study possible. I would like to express my deepest appreciation to my supervisors, Sugi Iswalono, M.A and Eko Rujito,D.A, S.S., M.Hum for their full support, expert guidance, words of encouragement, valuable comments, time, and patience during the process of writing this thesis. Without their endless advices and persistent help, this study would not have been possible. I am forever in debt to the late Mr. Asih Sigit,M. Hum, my academic supervisor and all lecturers at the English Education Department for their valuable time, precious knowledge, education they gave to me during my college years. I also send spring of love to my beautiful mother, Ibu Murinah for always supporting, consoling, believing me and letting me be the person I am today. Without her love, care, prayers, I would not have been able to go this far. I would like to express my special thanks to my amazing brothers, Mas Andi and Mas Uut who always give me honest opinions, supports, protection and motivation. My appreciation also goes to my wonderful sister, Mbakayune who treats and teases me well. My thanks and appreciations are also for the cutest boys in the world, Raka and Vino who always make me smile, for my big family who is uncontrollably fond and nice to me. I would also give my great greatitude to my closest and bestfriends, Nur Harjiyanti, Sita Diniarti, Dani Pratami and Nurul Isnaini for all the hugs, laughs, jokes and crazy things that we have shared together and for cheering me to finish my long study. I own big thanks to the members of class B: Nita, Pity, Rifa, Ana, Nurul, and Uli, and to Literature classmate: Damast, Tria, Puput, Dita, Winda, Benjo and Galnan for making my college life extra fun and memorable, to all vii viii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE ..................................................................................................................... i APPROVAL SHEET ............................................................................................ ii RATIFICATION SHEET ................................................................................... iii PERNYATAAAN ................................................................................................. iv DEDICATION ........................................................................................................ v MOTTOS .............................................................................................................. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... ix LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. xi LIST OF FIGURE .............................................................................................. xii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ xiii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1 A. The Background of the Research .................................................................... 1 B. The Focus of the Research .............................................................................. 5 C. The Objectives of the Research .................................................................... 6 D. The Significances of the Research ................................................................. 7 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................ 8 A. Theoritical Review ......................................................................................... 8 1. Karl Marx and Marxist Theory ................................................................. 8 a. Base and Superstructure .................................................................... 12 b. Ideology in Marxism ......................................................................... 13 2. Marxism and Literature ........................................................................... 17 a. Literature as Social Production .......................................................... 18 b. Marxist Literary Criticism ................................................................. 20 B. The Backgrounds of the Novel .................................................................... 21 1. The Author ............................................................................................... 21 2. The Flivver King: A Story of Ford America ............................................ 24 ix 3. The History of America Capitalism in the Mid 19th to Early 20th C ...... 26 4. Henry Ford ............................................................................................... 28 C. Previous Research Finding .......................................................................... 29 D. Conceptual Framework ............................................................................... 31 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ........................................................... 33 A. The Research Design ................................................................................... 33 B. The Data and the Source of the Data ........................................................... 34 C. The Data Collection Technique .................................................................. 34 D. The Research Instrument ............................................................................. 35 E. The Data Trustworthiness ............................................................................ 35 F. The Data Analysis ........................................................................................ 37 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION .............................................. 38 A. Repressive Ideologies Which Bring Unfavorable Social and Economic Condition. ..................................................................................................... 39 1. American Dream ...................................................................................... 40 a. American Dream As the Value of the Society ................................... 40 b. The Operation of America Dream As Repressive Ideology .............. 43 2. Commodification .................................................................................... 58 a. Commodification as the Value of the Society .................................. 58 b. The Acts of Commodification .......................................................... 60 3. Consumerism .......................................................................................... 70 a. Consumerism as the Value of the Society ........................................ 71 b. Consumptive Behaviors .................................................................... 72 B. Sinclair’s Ideology Concerning with The Power Structure within the Society .......................................................................................................... 77 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION ............................................................................ 85 References ............................................................................................................ 87 Appendices ........................................................................................................... 89 x LIST OF TABLE Table.1. The Data Sheet ......................................................................................... 35 xi LIST OF FIGURE Figure 1. The Analytical Construct of the Research .............................................. 32 xii REPRESSIVE IDEOLOGIES OF THE RULING CLASS AND SINCLAIR’S IDEOLOGY IN THE FLIVVER KING: A STORY OF FORD AMERICA By : Diah Kurniasari 10211141023 ABSTRACT This research aims to identify and analyze repressive ideologies unconsciously approved by the society reflected in Upton Sinclair’s The Flivver King: A Story of Ford
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