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9 West African Brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda)

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9 West African Brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) <o> \ ^M) \^ i9 West African Brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) *7 m* RAYMOND B. MANNING sr and L. B. HOLTHUIS f!l>^ \\^' w y^ t _ SMITHSONIAN CONlRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 306 ^-i:> SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMrTHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. Press requirements for manuscript and art preparation are outlined on the inside back cover. S. Dillon Ripley Secretary Smithsonian institution SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 306 West African Brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) Raymond B. Manning and L. B. Holthuis SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1981 ABSTRACT Manning, Raymond B., and L. B. Holthuis. West African Brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 306, 379 pages, 88 figures, 1981.—The West African marine brachyuran crab fauna, comprising 218 named species in 120 genera and 26 familes, is surveyed. Sixteen new genera and 24 new species are recognized. Synonymies are updated for the tropical species, and all 300 + Eastern Atlantic species are listed. Original references and synonymies are provided for all 146 Eastern Atlantic genera. Synonymies have been compiled for all 36 currently recog­ nized families of marine crabs. Twenty-nine families are represented in the Eastern Atlantic fauna. One family, Hexapodidae Miers, 1886, and one subfamily, Camptandriinae Stimpson, 1858 (Ocypodidae) are revised at the generic level. The genera Liocarcinus Stimpson, 1871 (Portunidae), Machaerus Leach, 1818 (Goneplacidae), and Lambdophallus Alcock, 1900, Paeduma Rath- bun, 1897, Parahexapus Balss, 1922, Pseudohexapus Monod, 1956, and Thaumas- toplax Miers, 1881 (all Hexapodidae), are defined and recognized. It is suggested that the family Geryonidae Colosi, 1923, shows closest affinities with the family Portunidae Rafinesque, 1815. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Monlaslrea cavernosa (Linnaeus). Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Manning, Raymond B. 1934- West Africa brachyuran crabs (Crustacea:Decapoda) (Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 306) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs, no.: SI 1.27:306 1. Crabs—Africa, West—Classification, 2. Crustacea—Classification. 3. Crustacea—Africa, West—Classification. I. Holthuis, L. B., joint author. II. Title. III. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions lo zoology ; no. 306. QL1.S54 no. 306 [QL444.M33] 591s [595.3'842] 80-607105 Contents Page- Introduction 1 Collections Studied 3 Format Considerations 4 Repositories and Abbreviations 5 Acknowledgments 6 Family RANINIDAE de Haan, 1839 6 Subfamily NOTOPODINAE Serene and Umali, 1972 7 Genus Ranilia H. Milne Edwards, 1837 7 * Ranilia conslricla (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 7 Subfamily RANININAE de Haan, 1839 9 Genus Cyrlorhina Monod, 1956 9 Cyrlorhina granulosa Monod, 1956 9 Genus Raninoides H. Milne Edwards, 1837 10 * Raninoides bouvieri Capart, 1951 10 Family HOMOLODROMIIDAE Alcock, 1899 \ Family DROMIIDAE de Haan, 1833 \ Genus Dromia Weber, 1795 \ Dromia bollorei Forest, 1974 \ Dromia marmorea Forest, 1974 11 * Dromia monodi Forest and Guinot, 1966 15 Dromia nodosa A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1898 19 Genus Sternodromia Forest, 1974 19 * Sternodromia spinirostris (Miers, 1881) 19 Family DYNOMENIDAE Ortmann, 1892 23 Genus Dynomene Desmarest, 1823 23 * Dynomene Jilholi Bouvier, 1894 23 Family LATREILLIIDAE Stimpson, 1858 24 Genus Lalreillia Roux, 1830 24 Lalreillia elegans Roux, 1830 25 Family HOMOLIDAE de Haan, 1839 25 Genus Homola Leach, 1815 25 * Homola barbala (Fabricius, 1793) 25 Genus Paromola Wood-Mason and Alcock, 1891 27 Paromola cuvieri (Risso, 1816) 27 Family CYCLODORIPPIDAE Ortmann, 1892 28 Family CYMONOMIDAE Bouvier, 1898 28 Family DORIPPIDAE MacLeay, 1838 28 Key to Subfamilies and Genera of Dorippidae 29 Subfamily DORIPPINAE MacLeay, 1838 30 Genus Medorippe, new genus 31 iit IV SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY Page * Medorippe lanata (Linnaeus, 1767), new combination 31 Genus Phyllodorippe, new genus 35 * Phyllodorippe armata (Miers, 1881), new combination 36 Subfamily ETHUSINAE Guinot, 1977 38 Genus Ethusa Roux, 1830 38 * Ethusa rosacea A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1897 38 * Ethusa rugulosa A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1897 39 * Ethusa vossi, new species 39 Genus Ethusina Smith, 1884 42 Key to Eastern Atlantic Species of Ethusina 43 Ethusina alba (Filhol, 1884) 43 * Ethusina bemnia, new species 46 Family GALAPPIDAE de Haan, 1833 49 Subfamily CALAPPINAE de Haan, 1833 49 Genus Acanlhocarpus Stimpson, 1871 49 * Acanlhocarpus brevispinis Monod, 1946 50 Genus Calappa Weber, 1795 51 Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803) 51 Calappa granulata (Linnaeus, 1758) 51 * Calappa pelii Herklots, 1851 52 * Calappa rubrogultala Herklots, 1851 54 Genus Cycloes de Haan, 1837 56 Cycloes cristata (BruUe, 1837) 56 Subfamily MATUTINAE de Haan, 1835 56 Genus Malula Weber, 1795 56 Matuta michaelseni Balss, 1921 56 Family LEUCOSHDAE Samouelle, 1819 57 Subfamily EBALUNAE Stimpson, 1871 59 Genus Atlantotlos Doflein, 1904 59 * Atlantotlos rhombifer Doflein, 1904 59 Genus Ebalia Leach, 1817 60 * Ebalia affinis Miers, 1881 60 Ebalia cranchii Leach, 1817 61 Ebalia nux A. Milne Edwards, 1883 61 * Ebalia tuberculata Miers, 1881 61 Ebalia tuberosa (Pennant, 1777) 63 Genus Merocryptus A. Milne Edwards, 1873 64 Merocryptus obsoletus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1898 ... 64 Subfamily ILIINAE Stimpson, 1871 64 Genus Ilia Leach, 1817 64 Ilia nucleus (Linnaeus, 1758) 64 * Ilia spinosa Miers, 1881 64 Subfamily LEUCOSIINAE Samouelle, 1819 65 Genus Philyra Leach, 1817 65 Philyra cristata Miers, 1881 66 * Philyra laevidorsalis Miers, 1881 , ,, 66 NUMBER 306 Page Genus Pseudomyra Capart, 1951 66 * Pseudomyra mbizi Capart, 1951 66 Family BELLIIDAE Dana, 1852 67 Family ATELECYCLIDAE Ortmann, 1893 68 Genus Atelecyclus Leach, 1814 68 Alelecyclus rolundalus (Olivi, 1792) 68 Atelecyclus undecimdentatus (Herbst, 1783) 69 Family THIIDAE Dana, 1852 69 Genus Thia Leach, 1815 69 Thia sculellala (Fabricius, 1793) 69 Family CANCRIDAE Latreille, 1803 69 Family PIRIMELIDAE Alcock, 1899 69 Genus Pirimela Leach, 1816 70 Pirimela denticulata (Montagu, 1808) 70 Genus Sirpus Gordon, 1953 70 Sirpus monodi Gordon, 1953 70 * Sirpus gordonae, new species 70 Family CORYSTIDAE Samouelle, 1819 72 Genus Nautilocorystes H. Milne Edwards, 1837 72 Nautilocorystes ocellatus (Gray, 1831) 72 Family BYTHOGRAEIDAE Williams, 1980 72 Family PORTUNIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 72 Subfamily CARCININAE MacLeay, 1838 75 Genus Carcinus Leach, 1814 75 Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758) 75 Genus Xaiva MacLeay, 1838 75 Xaiva bigullala (Risso, 1816) 75 Xaiva meleayi (Barnard, 1947) 76 Subfamily POLYBIINAE Ortmann, 1893 76 Genus Bathynectes Stimpson, 1871 76 Bathynectes maravigna (Prestandrea, 1839), new combination .. 76 * Bathynectes piperitus, new species 77 Genus Liocarcinus Stimpson, 1871 83 Liocarcinus arcuatus (Leach, 1814), new combination 84 Liocarcinus corrugatus (Pennant, 1777), new combination 84 Genus Macropipus Prestandrea, 1833 85 Macropipus australis Guinot, 1961 85 * Macropipus rugosus (Doflein, 1904) 86 Subfamily PORTUNINAE Rafinesque, 1815 87 Genus Callinectes Stimpson, 1860 87 Key to West African Species of Callinectes 88 * Callinectes amnicola (De Rochebrune, 1883), new combination 88 * Callinectes marginatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1861) 92 * Callinectes pallidus (De Rochebrune, 1883), new combination . 95 Genus Cronius Stimpson, 1860 98 * Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818) 98 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY Page Genus Portunus Weber, 1795 100 Porlunus haslalus (Linnaeus, 1767) 101 * Portunus inaequalis (Miers, 1881) 102 * Porlunus validus Herklots, 1851 103 Porlunus vocans (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 107 Genus Thalamila Latreille, 1829 107 Thalamila poissonii (Audouin, 1826) 107 Family GERYONIDAE Colosi, 1923 108 Genus Geryon Kr0yer,
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