The Theory of Creation of Everything
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Anthropic Measure of Hominid (And Other) Terrestrials. Brandon Carter Luth, Observatoire De Paris-Meudon
Anthropic measure of hominid (and other) terrestrials. Brandon Carter LuTh, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon. Provisional draft, April 2011. Abstract. According to the (weak) anthropic principle, the a priori proba- bility per unit time of finding oneself to be a member of a particular popu- lation is proportional to the number of individuals in that population, mul- tiplied by an anthropic quotient that is normalised to unity in the ordinary (average adult) human case. This quotient might exceed unity for conceiv- able superhuman extraterrestrials, but it should presumably be smaller for our terrestrial anthropoid relations, such as chimpanzees now and our pre- Neanderthal ancestors in the past. The (ethically relevant) question of how much smaller can be addressed by invoking the anthropic finitude argument, using Bayesian reasonning, whereby it is implausible a posteriori that the total anthropic measure should greatly exceed the measure of the privileged subset to which we happen to belong, as members of a global civilisation that has (recently) entered a climactic phase with a timescale of demographic expansion and technical development short compared with a breeding gen- eration. As well as “economist’s dream” scenarios with continual growth, this finitude argument also excludes “ecologist’s dream” scenarios with long term stabilisation at some permanently sustainable level, but it it does not imply the inevitability of a sudden “doomsday” cut-off. A less catastrophic likelihood is for the population to decline gradually, after passing smoothly through a peak value that is accounted for here as roughly the information content ≈ 1010 of our genome. The finitude requirement limits not just the future but also the past, of which the most recent phase – characterised by memetic rather than genetic evolution – obeyed the Foerster law of hyperbolic population growth. -
Editorial Note To: Brandon Carter, Large Number Coincidences and the Anthropic Principle in Cosmology
Gen Relativ Gravit (2011) 43:3213–3223 DOI 10.1007/s10714-011-1257-8 GOLDEN OLDIE EDITORIAL Editorial note to: Brandon Carter, Large number coincidences and the anthropic principle in cosmology George F. R. Ellis Published online: 27 September 2011 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 Keywords Cosmology · Confrontation of cosmological theories with observational data · Anthropic principle · World ensemble · Golden Oldie Editorial The anthropic principle is one of the most controversial proposals in cosmology. It relates to why the universe is of such a nature as to allow the existence of life. This inevitably engages with the foundations of cosmology, and has philosophical as well as technical aspects. The literature on the topic is vast—the Carter paper reprinted here [10] has 226 listed citations, and the Barrow and Tipler book [3] has 1,740. Obviously I can only pick up on a few of these papers in this brief review of the impact of the paper. While there were numerous previous philosophical treatises on the topic, stretching back to speculations about the origin of the universe in ancient times (see [3]fora magisterial survey), scientific studies are more recent. A well known early one was by biologist Alfred Russell Wallace, who wrote in 1904: “Such a vast and complex uni- verse as that which we know exists around us, may have been absolutely required … in order to produce a world that should be precisely adapted in every detail for the orderly development of life culminating in man” [50]. But that was before modern cosmology was established: the idea of the expanding and evolving universe was yet to come. -
ACCRETION INTO and EMISSION from BLACK HOLES Thesis By
ACCRETION INTO AND EMISSION FROM BLACK HOLES Thesis by Don Nelson Page In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 1976 (Submitted May 20, 1976) -ii- ACKNOHLEDG:-IENTS For everything involved during my pursuit of a Ph. D. , I praise and thank my Lord Jesus Christ, in whom "all things were created, both in the heavens and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities--all things have been created through Him and for Him. And He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together" (Colossians 1: 16-17) . But He is not only the Creator and Sustainer of the universe, including the physi cal laws which rule and their dominion the spacetime manifold and its matter fields ; He is also my personal Savior, who was "wounded for our transgressions , ... bruised for our iniquities, .. and the Lord has lald on Him the iniquity of us all" (Isaiah 53:5-6). As the Apostle Paul expressed it shortly after Isaiah ' s prophecy had come true at least five hundred years after being written, "God demonstrates His own love tmvard us , in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us" (Romans 5 : 8) . Christ Himself said, " I have come that they may have life, and have it to the full" (John 10:10) . Indeed Christ has given me life to the full while I have been at Caltech, and I wish to acknowledge some of the main blessings He has granted: First I thank my advisors , KipS. -
Vancouver Institute: an Experiment in Public Education
1 2 The Vancouver Institute: An Experiment in Public Education edited by Peter N. Nemetz JBA Press University of British Columbia Vancouver, B.C. Canada V6T 1Z2 1998 3 To my parents, Bel Newman Nemetz, B.A., L.L.D., 1915-1991 (Pro- gram Chairman, The Vancouver Institute, 1973-1990) and Nathan T. Nemetz, C.C., O.B.C., Q.C., B.A., L.L.D., 1913-1997 (President, The Vancouver Institute, 1960-61), lifelong adherents to Albert Einstein’s Credo: “The striving after knowledge for its own sake, the love of justice verging on fanaticism, and the quest for personal in- dependence ...”. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION: 9 Peter N. Nemetz The Vancouver Institute: An Experiment in Public Education 1. Professor Carol Shields, O.C., Writer, Winnipeg 36 MAKING WORDS / FINDING STORIES 2. Professor Stanley Coren, Department of Psychology, UBC 54 DOGS AND PEOPLE: THE HISTORY AND PSYCHOLOGY OF A RELATIONSHIP 3. Professor Wayson Choy, Author and Novelist, Toronto 92 THE IMPORTANCE OF STORY: THE HUNGER FOR PERSONAL NARRATIVE 4. Professor Heribert Adam, Department of Sociology and 108 Anthropology, Simon Fraser University CONTRADICTIONS OF LIBERATION: TRUTH, JUSTICE AND RECONCILIATION IN SOUTH AFRICA 5. Professor Harry Arthurs, O.C., Faculty of Law, Osgoode 132 Hall, York University GLOBALIZATION AND ITS DISCONTENTS 6. Professor David Kennedy, Department of History, 154 Stanford University IMMIGRATION: WHAT THE U.S. CAN LEARN FROM CANADA 7. Professor Larry Cuban, School of Education, Stanford 172 University WHAT ARE GOOD SCHOOLS, AND WHY ARE THEY SO HARD TO GET? 5 8. Mr. William Thorsell, Editor-in-Chief, The Globe and 192 Mail GOOD NEWS, BAD NEWS: POWER IN CANADIAN MEDIA AND POLITICS 9. -
Introduction to Regge and Wheeler “Stability of a Schwarzschild Singularity”
September 24, 2019 12:14 World Scientific Reprint - 10in x 7in 11643-main page 3 3 Introduction to Regge and Wheeler “Stability of a Schwarzschild Singularity” Kip S. Thorne Theoretical Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA 1. Introduction The paper “Stability of a Schwarzschild Singularity” by Tullio Regge and John Archibald Wheeler1 was the pioneering formulation of the theory of weak (linearized) gravitational perturbations of black holes. This paper is remarkable because black holes were extremely poorly understood in 1957, when it was published, and the very name black hole would not be introduced into physics (by Wheeler) until eleven years later. Over the sixty years since the paper’s publication, it has been a foundation for an enormous edifice of ideas, insights, and quantitative results, including, for example: Proofs that black holes are stable against linear perturbations — both non-spinning • black holes (as treated in this paper) and spinning ones.1–4 Demonstrations that all vacuum perturbations of a black hole, except changes of its • mass and spin, get radiated away as gravitational waves, leaving behind a quiescent black hole described by the Schwarzschild metric (if non-spinning) or the Kerr metric (if spinning).5 This is a dynamical, evolutionary version of Wheeler’s 1970 aphorism “a black hole has no hair”; it explains how the “hair” gets lost. Formulations of the concept of quasinormal modes of a black hole with complex • eigenfrequencies,6 and extensive explorations of quasinormal-mode -
Publisher's Notice
PUBLISHER’S NOTICE PUBLISHER’S NOTICE This newsletter is the official organ of the New Zealand Mathematical Society Inc. This issue was assembled and printed at Massey University. The official address of the Society is: The New Zealand Mathematical Society, c/- The Royal Society of New Zealand, P.O. Box 598, Wellington, New Zealand. However, correspondence should normally be sent to the Secretary: Dr Shaun Hendy Industrial Research Limited Gracefield Research Centre P O Box 31310, Lower Hutt [email protected] NZMS Council and Officers President Associate Professor Mick Roberts (Massey University, Albany) Outgoing Vice President Professor Rod Downey (Victoria University of Wellington) Secretary Dr Shaun Hendy (Industrial Research Limited, Lower Hutt) Treasurer Dr Tammy Smith (Massey University) Councillors Dr Michael Albert (University of Otago), to 2006 Dr Shaun Hendy (Industrial Research Limited), to 2004 Professor Gaven Martin (The University of Auckland), to 2005 Dr Warren Moors (The University of Auckland), to 2006 Dr Charles Semple (University of Canterbury), to 2005 Dr Tammy Smith (Massey University, Palmerston North), to 2005 Professor Geoff Whittle (Victoria University of Wellington), to 2004 Membership Secretary Dr John Shanks (University of Otago) Newsletter Editor Professor Robert McLachlan (Massey University, Palmerston North) Legal Adviser Dr Peter Renaud (University of Canterbury) Archivist Emeritus Professor John Harper (Victoria University of Wellington) Visitor Liaison Dr Stephen Joe (The University of Waikato) Publications Convenor -
Karl Popper's Enterprise Against the Logic of Quantum Mechanics
An Unpublished Debate Brought to Light: Karl Popper’s Enterprise against the Logic of Quantum Mechanics Flavio Del Santo Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Vienna and Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Austria and Basic Research Community for Physics (BRCP) Abstract Karl Popper published, in 1968, a paper that allegedly found a flaw in a very influential article of Birkhoff and von Neumann, which pioneered the field of “quantum logic”. Nevertheless, nobody rebutted Popper’s criticism in print for several years. This has been called in the historiographical literature an “unsolved historical issue”. Although Popper’s proposal turned out to be merely based on misinterpretations and was eventually abandoned by the author himself, this paper aims at providing a resolution to such historical open issues. I show that (i) Popper’s paper was just the tip of an iceberg of a much vaster campaign conducted by Popper against quantum logic (which encompassed several more unpublished papers that I retrieved); and (ii) that Popper’s paper stimulated a heated debate that remained however confined within private correspondence. 1. Introduction. In 1936, Garrett Birkhoff and John von Neumann published a paper aiming at discovering “what logical structure one may hope to find in physical theories which, unlike quantum mechanics, do not conform to classical logic” (Birkhoff and von Neumann, 1936). Such a paper marked the beginning of a novel approach to the axiomatization of quantum mechanics (QM). This approach describes physical systems in terms of “yes-no experiments” and aims at investigating fundamental features of theories through the analysis of the algebraic structures that are compatible with these experiments. -