CODEX, ROLL, and LIBRARIES in OXYRHYNCHUS1 Don C
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A Homeric Papyrus from Oxyrhynchus
Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists 51 (2014) 35-39 A Homeric Papyrus from Oxyrhynchus Simone Oppen Columbia University Abstract Edition of a third century CE papyrus (P.Oxy. 3.535 descr.) from Oxy- rhynchus with Homer, Iliad 1.43-59. papyri.info/apis/columbia.apis.p363 H. x W. = 13.0 x 5.7 cm P.Oxy. 3.535 descr.; MP3 570; West 114 Oxyrhynchus, III CE This fragment of a book-roll on medium brown papyrus contains portions of the middle of lines from Iliad 1.43-59. An average of eight letters per line are written along the fibers. The back is blank. As the papyrus is broken on all sides, the original margins cannot be estimated, but the average width of each letter (0.45 cm) suggests that column width would have been approximately 16 cm, if each line were preserved to its full extent.1 There are four vertical cracks on the left side of the papyrus. The text offers no new readings. The hand is roughly bilinear, exhibiting many characteristics of the “for- mal mixed” or “severe” style.2 Bilinearity is interrupted below the line by the letters ρ, υ, and φ (e.g., in lines 45, 49, and 53) and more subtly by the letters α and χ (e.g., in lines 45 and 46). The vertical descenders in the letters ρ and υ occasionally curve to the left (e.g., in line 49). Overall characteristics of the 1 The average width of letters and column width are derived according to W.A. -
The Jews of Hellenistic Egypt Jews in Egypt Judahites to E
15 April 2019 Septuagint, Synagogue, and Symbiosis: Jews in Egypt The Jews of Hellenistic Egypt Those who escaped the Babylonian advance on Jerusalem, 605‐586 B.C.E. Gary A. Rendsburg Rutgers University Jeremiah 44:1 ַה ָדּ ָב ֙ר ֲא ֶ ֣שׁר ָהָי֣ה ֶ ֽא ִל־יְר ְמָ֔יהוּ ֶ֚אל ָכּל־ ַהְיּ ִ֔הוּדים ַהיֹּ ְשׁ ִ ֖בים ְבּ ֶ ֣אֶר ץ ִמ ְצָ ֑ר ִים Mandelbaum House ַהיֹּ ְשׁ ִ ֤בים ְבּ ִמ ְגדֹּ ֙ל ְוּב ַת ְח ַפּ ְנ ֵ ֣חס ְוּב֔נֹף וּ ְב ֶ ֥אֶרץ ַפּ ְת ֖רוֹס ֵל ֽ ֹאמר׃ April 2019 4 The word which was to Jeremiah, concerning all the Jews who dwell in the land of Egypt, who dwell in Migdol, Tahpanhes, Noph, and the land of Pathros, saying. Judahites to Egypt 600 – 585 B.C.E. Pathros Map of the Persian (Achaemenid) Empire 538 – 333 B.C.E. Bust of the young Alexander the Great (c. 100 B.C.E.) (British Museum) Empire of Alexander the Great (356‐323 B.C.E.) / (r. 336‐323 B.C.E.) 1 15 April 2019 Cartouche of Alexander the Great N L c. 330 B.C.E. D I K A (Louvre, Paris) R S S The Four Successor Kingdoms to Alexander the Great Ptolemies – Alexandria, Egypt (blue) Selecudis – Seleukia / Antioch (golden) Ptolemy Dynasty Jews under Alexander and Ptolemy I 305 B.C.E. – 30 B.C.E. Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book 12, Chapter 1 • Ptolemy brought Jews from Judea and Jerusalem to Egypt. Founded by Ptolemy I, • He had heard that the Jews had been loyal to Alexander. -
Greco-Roman Egypt
World Archaeology at the Pitt Rivers Museum: A Characterization edited by Dan Hicks and Alice Stevenson, Archaeopress 2013, page 115-121 7 Greco-Roman Egypt Christina Riggs 7.1 Introduction Egypt enjoyed close trade links with the Greek-speaking Mediterranean from the 7th century BCE, cemented by the foundation of a Greek colony at Naukratis in the Delta and the widespread use of Greek mercenaries in the Egyptian army. Egypt formally became part of the Greek world in 332 BCE, when Alexander the Great took the country from Persian hands, and this date marks the start of the Greco-Roman Period of Egyptian history. Egypt subsequently became a Hellenistic kingdom ruled by Alexander’s former general Ptolemy son of Lagos, founder of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. Cleopatra VII was the last ruler of the Dynasty, and her defeat at the hands of the Roman Octavian, later Augustus, in 30 BCE made Egypt a province of the nascent Roman Empire, which it remained until the 640s. This Chapter considers the c. 252 Greco-Roman (332 BCE–650 CE) objects from Egypt in the Pitt Rivers Museum (PRM), which form only a small part of its c. 11,639-strong Egyptian archaeological collections. The Greco-Roman Period in Egypt witnessed a number of political, social, and cultural developments. In the early part of the Ptolemaic period, Greek immigrants, and in particular military veterans, settled in the Delta, the Fayum, and in smaller concentrations throughout the Nile Valley, and frequently married into Egyptian families. The ensuing hellenization of the upper and middle strata of Egyptian society was well advanced by the start of the new Roman regime, which recognized and encouraged it, and favoured the use of Greek over Egyptian language. -
Satyrus: Peripatetic Or Alexandrian? West, Stephanie Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Fall 1974; 15, 3; Proquest Pg
Satyrus: Peripatetic or Alexandrian? West, Stephanie Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Fall 1974; 15, 3; ProQuest pg. 279 Satyrus: Peripatetic or Alexandrian? Stephanie West HE SIGNIFICANCE of Satyrus the Peripatetic for the development Tof ancient biography was a point on which all students of the subject were agreed even before the publication in 1911 of P.Oxy. 1176, which preserves a substantial part of his Life of Euripides. 1 The outlines of Satyrus' portrait had been memorably sketched by Wilamowitz in 1899;2 some further colouring was added by Leo in his fundamental book on ancient biography.3 Wilamowitz, working with the scanty and second-hand materials then available-a score of citations of Satyrus in Diogenes Laertius, Athenaeus and a few other authors--clothed the dry bones with flesh. Under his hands Satyrus took on the aspect of a scholar, a learned Alexandrian strongly in fluenced by Callimachus:4 clearly an authority deserving serious at tention. The publication of the remains of the Life of Euripides did no good to Satyrus' reputation. Gilbert Murray, not usually a captious or 1 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri IX, ed. A. S. Hunt (London 1912) no.1176; Packs 1456. The most important item to be added to the bibliography in Pack is the commentary by G. Arri ghetti, Satire: Vita di Euripide (Pisa 1964). For a complete collection of the fragments of Satyrus, together with a commentary, see C. F. Kumaniecki, De Satyre Peripatetico (Cracow 1929). 2 Hermes 34 (1899) 633ft' = Kleine Schriften IV (Berlin 1962) 103ft'. 3 F. Leo, Die griechisch-romische Biographie nach ihrer literarischen Form (Leipzig 1901) 118ft'. -
Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt Oi.Uchicago.Edu
oi.uchicago.edu Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt oi.uchicago.edu PREHISTORIC ARCHEOLOGY AND ECOLOGY A Series Edited by Karl W. Butzer and Leslie G. Freeman oi.uchicago.edu Karl W.Butzer Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt A Study in Cultural Ecology Internet publication of this work was made possible with the generous support of Misty and Lewis Gruber The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London oi.uchicago.edu Karl Butzer is professor of anthropology and geography at the University of Chicago. He is a member of Chicago's Committee on African Studies and Committee on Evolutionary Biology. He also is editor of the Prehistoric Archeology and Ecology series and the author of numerous publications, including Environment and Archeology, Quaternary Stratigraphy and Climate in the Near East, Desert and River in Nubia, and Geomorphology from the Earth. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London ® 1976 by The University of Chicago All rights reserved. Published 1976 Printed in the United States of America 80 79 78 77 76 987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Butzer, Karl W. Early hydraulic civilization in Egypt. (Prehistoric archeology and ecology) Bibliography: p. 1. Egypt--Civilization--To 332 B. C. 2. Human ecology--Egypt. 3. Irrigation=-Egypt--History. I. Title. II. Series. DT61.B97 333.9'13'0932 75-36398 ISBN 0-226-08634-8 ISBN 0-226-08635-6 pbk. iv oi.uchicago.edu For INA oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu CONTENTS List of Illustrations Viii List of Tables ix Foreword xi Preface xiii 1. -
8. Oxyrhynchos: Metropolis and Landscape
8. OXYRHYNCHOS: METROPOLIS AND LANDSCAPE Eva Subías Universitat Rovira i Virgili There are few sites where it is possible to com- Even metropolises, the Nome capitals, the places of bine the papyrological and archaeological study of the residence of the new elite classes and administrative Graeco-Roman city in Egypt. Oxyrhynchos has pro- centres were considered as such in the absence of true duced many documents that have been and continue municipal magistracies. Paradoxically, written texts to be used by papyrologists. For some years now it has bear witness to the complex, monumental nature of also been producing archaeological data. However, these cities, which were set up with the appropriate unlike other ruins, the informative value of Oxyrhyn- facilities for the Greek, and later, the Roman ways of chos lies in its particularly well-preserved natural set- life. We believe that the conceptual debate about the ting, which has only fairly recently begun to undergo categories of settlements during the Ptolemaic and major transformations. These factors have made the High Imperial period in Egypt should not lead us to site a laboratory for investigating a complex and sur- ignore the enormous degree of development in Hel- prising urban situation. lenistic settlements and thus disregard the origin of Strangely enough, although at first sight the ruins their urban planning systems.4 appear discouraging, their reconstruction through the In truth, judging from the scientific literature, ur- analysis of aerial photographs and documents reveals ban planning in the Hellenistic cities of Egypt appears an interesting city and surroundings. Consequently, to have been focused almost exclusively on the reor- our proposed reintegration of the Graeco-Roman city, ganisation of worship and temples. -
Egypt Under Roman Rule: the Legacy of Ancient Egypt I ROBERT K
THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF EGYPT VOLUME I Islamic Egypt, 640- I 5 I 7 EDITED BY CARL F. PETRY CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE CONTENTS The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 IRP, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, CB2 2Ru, United Kingdom http://www.cup.cam.ac.uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY roorr-42rr, USA http://www.cup.org ro Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3 r66, Australia © Cambridge University Press r998 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published r998 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge List of illustrations to chapter I 3 ix List of contributors x Typeset in Sabon 9.5/r2 pt [CE] Preface xm A cataloguerecord for this book is available from the British Library Note on transliteration xv Maps xvi ISBN o 5 2r 4 7r 3 7 o hardback r Egypt under Roman rule: the legacy of Ancient Egypt I ROBERT K. RITNER 2 Egypt on the eve of the Muslim conquest 34 WALTER E. KAEGI 3 Egypt as a province in the Islamic caliphate, 641-868 62 HUGH KENNEDY 4 Autonomous Egypt from Ibn Tuliin to Kafiir, 868-969 86 THIERRY BIANQUIS 5 The Isma'ili Da'wa and the Fatimid caliphate I20 PAUL E. WALKER 6 The Fatimid state, 969-rr7r IJ I PAULA A. -
Papyrology and Byzantine Historiography
Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Classical Studies: Faculty Publications and Other Works Faculty Publications 1993 Papyrology and Byzantine Historiography James G. Keenan Loyola University Chicago, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/classicalstudies_facpubs Part of the Byzantine and Modern Greek Commons Recommended Citation Keenan, JG. "Papyrology and Byzantine historiography" in Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists 30, 1993. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Classical Studies: Faculty Publications and Other Works by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. © 1993 James Keenan. Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists 30 (1993) 137-144 Papyrology and Byzantine Historiography Egypt of late antiquity, often referred to as Byzantine Egypt, was for years the outcast of papyrological studies. 1 It is only recently, partly in the wake of studies on the reign of Diocletian and his fourth-century succes sors, that the keen interest of papyrologists and historians in Egypt of the Ptolemaic and Roman periods has carried over into the later period. Per haps responsible for the old indifference was, as Remondon suggested a generation ago, the scholar's prejudice against those periods that are judged decadent; 2 or, to put the matter as Johan Huizinga did in the preface to his 1919 classic, The Waning of the Middle Ages:3 "History has always been far more engrossed by problems of origins than by those of decline and fall." Presumably, then, by these terms, scholars are by inclination drawn to the study of vibrant and expansive eras, with Gibbon the grand exception who proves the rule. -
The Oxyrhynchus Papyri
AJ "-""'Mo UNI\j '"^^^vB.^i^^ysiPROVO. UTAH Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from Brigham Young University http://www.archive.org/details/oxyrhynchuspapyr01gren THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI PART I GRENFELL AND HUNT Plate I (Frontispiece) .. I- t A^'/r^e:^HMk:/^om^^^:< tHC fXY^B ^'A'^iwfr ^"*""Vi^N/i c^tij^^:si'i' ^ .'' -: ;'.'. " • t;• .- ' i'_ J,, ' /'.-MX ' 1 ; V.J J ^ A f- rr •« No. II U^M EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND GRAECO-ROMAN BRANCH THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI PART I EDITED WITH TRANSLATIONS AND NOTES BERNARD P. GRENFELL, M.A. KEI.I.OW OF queen's COLLEGE, OXFORD ARTHUR S. HUNT, M.A. SENIOR DEMY OF MAGDALEN COLLEGE, OXFORD ; FORMERLY SCHOLAR OF QUEEN's COLLEGE WITH EIGHT PLATES 228928 LONDON; SOLD AT The Offices of the EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND, 37 Great Russell St., W.C. AND 59 Temple Street. Boston, Mass., U.S.A. AND BY KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., Paternoster House, Charing Cross Road, W.C. BERNARD QUARITCH, 15 Piccadilly, \V. ; ASHER & CO., 13 Bedford St., Covent Garden, W.C. and HENRY FROWDE, Amen Corner, E.C. 1898 HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY PREFACE The hundred and fifty-eight texts included in this first volume of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri are selected from the twelve or thirteen hundred documents at Oxford in good or fair preservation which up to the present time we have been able to examine, and from the hundred and fifty rolls left at the Gizeh Museum. The bulk of the collection, amounting to about four-fifths of the whole, has not yet been unpacked. -
New Light on the Universality of Isis (Pvienna D. 6297+6329+10101)*
Originalveröffentlichung in: Svenja Nagel, Joachim Friedrich Quack, Christian Witschel (Hg.), Entangled Worlds. Religious Confluences between East and West in the Roman Empire. The Cults of Isis, Mithras and Jupiter Dolichenus (Orientalische Religionen in der Antike 22), Tübingen 2017, S. 232-243 Martin Andreas Stadler New Light on the Universality of Isis (pVienna D. 6297+6329+10101)* During the Hellenistic period in Egypt, an occasionally conflict-laden atmosphere, highly complex interactions evolved between the indigenous Egyptian population and the Greek-Macedonian immigrants. This evolution continued when new prob lems arose during the Roman period. It is one of the most exciting tasks of Egyptol ogists, Greek papyrologists and ancient historians to elucidate the various aspects of life in such an environment between 300 BCE and 500 CE and to come closer to a balanced look at the ancient reality. A vast field of interdisciplinary research has developed for Egyptologists with a specialization in Demotic; they are particularly qualified because they study chiefly those texts that are presumed, in many cases, to have not been authored too long before the act of writing. Yet, I am well aware that there are also much older texts that have been transcribed into the later Egyptian Demotic script, or have even been translated from earlier stages of the Egyptian language into Demotic. The Demotic sources provide us with a wealth of texts, ap parently newly composed at the time, that shed light on Graeco-Egyptian interrela tions and on the ways in which one culture influenced the other. This paper shall focus on one of those sources, which will have some significance in regards to questions of tradition. -
The Evolution of Irrigation in Egypt's Fayoum Oasis State, Village and Conveyance Loss
THE EVOLUTION OF IRRIGATION IN EGYPT'S FAYOUM OASIS STATE, VILLAGE AND CONVEYANCE LOSS By DAVID HAROLD PRICE A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1993 Copyright 1993 by David Harold Price . ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank the following people for their various contributions to the completion of this manuscript and the fieldwork on which it is based: Russ Bernard, Linda Brownell, Ronald Cohen, Lawry Gold, Magdi Haddad, Madeline Harris, Fekri Hassan, Robert Lawless, Bill Keegan, Madelyn Lockheart, Mo Madanni, Ed Malagodi, Mark Papworth, Midge Miller Price, Lisa Queen and Mustafa Suliman. A special note of thanks to my advisor Marvin Harris for his support and encouragement above and beyond the call of duty. Funding for field research in Egypt was provided by a National Science Foundation Dissertation Research Grant (BNS-8819558) PREFACE Water is important to people who do not have it, and the same is true of power. —Joan Didion This dissertation is a study of the interaction among particular methods of irrigation and the political economy and ecology of Egypt's Fayoum region from the Neolithic period to the present. It is intended to be a contribution to the long-standing debate about the importance of irrigation as a cause and/or effect of specific forms of local, regional and national sociopolitical institutions. I lived in the Fayoum between July 1989 and July 1990. I studied comparative irrigation activities in five villages located in subtly different ecological habitats. -
1 1 Iphigenia in Oxyrhynchus and India: Greek Tragedy for Everyone
1 Iphigenia in Oxyrhynchus and India: Greek Tragedy for Everyone Edith Hall, Research Professor, Departments of Classics and Drama, Royal Holloway, University of London Introduction One of the most remarkable finds in the rubbish dumps of Oxyrhynchus was the tattered script for a comic performance set in India and starring a Greek maiden named Charition (POxy 413). This precious text – referred to here henceforward as Charition - takes us with unparalleled vividness into the world of popular theatre entertainment under the Roman Empire in the early or mid-second century AD,1 a time at which theatres were being built all over Roman Egypt.2 Charition is a rare example of a type of performance that was enjoyed in many cities such as Oxyrhynchus, far inland in Upper Egypt, on a tributary of Lake Moeris that formed a branch of the Nile. It offers our most extended example of the delineation of the Fool in mime, which is a type of role that informed more elevated and influential literature, including the self-presentation of the Apostle Paul in his account of the flight from Damascus.3 In Charition it is the Fool who supplies most of the humour, playing off the lines given to others by misunderstanding their meaning, taking them too literally, or imitating them to comic effect. The text is also a significant document in theatre history, since it is intimately related to the circumstances of its performance. It indicates the speakers with a rare degree of specificity (‗Α‘ is Charition, ‗Β‘ is her slave who acts as the Fool, ‗Γ‘ is Charition‘s