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Rim Cop2-3 Nr.3-4- 2011.Pmd SUMAR • Primul Război Mondial – DRAGOŞ ILINCA – Naţionalism şi diplomaţie în Orientul Mijlociu. Marea Revoltă Arabă, 1916-1918 ....................................................................... 1 REVISTA DE ISTORIE MILITAR~ •Războiul Rece – Ambasador ELIEZER PALMOR – Relaţiile diplomatice între Israel, Publicaţia este editată de Ministerul Apărării Naţionale, prin Uniunea Sovietică şi ţările din Europa de Răsărit – un antimodel de relaţii Institutul pentru Studii Politice normale între state suverane ............................................................................ 14 de Apărare şi Istorie Militară, – Dr. ANNELY UTE GABANI – The Romanian Revolution ............................ 21 membru al Consorţiului Acade- miilor de Apărare şi Institutelor •Dezvăluiri pentru Studii de Securitate din – ANDREI ALEXANDRU CĂPUŞAN – Din memoriile ministrului plenipotenţiar cadrul Parteneriatului pentru Pace, coordonator naţional al al Statelor Unite în România, Serbia şi Bulgaria, Charles Vopicka (1913-1920) ......... 33 Proiectului de Istorie Paralelă: NATO – Tratatul de la Varşovia •Reforma organismului militar – ALIN BOGDAN SĂMUŞAN – De la „ştiinţa militară stalinistă” la „revoluţia COLEGIUL DE REDAC}IE continuă în afacerile militare”. Reflecţii doctrinare în paginile cotidianului • General-maior (r) dr. MIHAIL central al armatei române (1948-1960) ............................................................ 38 E. IONESCU, directorul Institu- tului pentru Studii Politice de Apărare şi Istorie Militară • Memorialistică militară • Academician DINU C. – Comandor (r) GHEORGHE VARTIC – Avanpremieră editorială: memoriile GIURESCU, Academia Română generalului Mihai Buttescu ............................................................................... 44 •Dr. JAN HOFFENAAR, – DUMITRU MOISA – Prima participare a armatei române la o misiune de Preşedintele Comisiei Olandeze de Istorie Militară menţinere a păcii: Angola (II) ........................................................................... 60 • Prof. univ. dr. DENNIS DELE- TANT, London University • Recenzii şi semnalări • Colonel (r) dr. PETRE OTU, – Ion Varta, Tatiana Varta, Igor Şarov, Asasinările în masă din RASSM în directorul ştiinţific al Institutului pentru Studii Politice de Apărare perioada Marii Terori, 1937-1938 (Volumul 1) – DANIELA ŞIŞCANU ........... 95 şi Istorie Militară • Prof. univ. dr. MIHAI • Agendă ştiinţifică RETEGAN, Universitatea Bucureşti – A 11-a Conferinţă anuală a Grupului de Lucru Euro-Atlantic pentru • IULIAN FOTA, consilier Studierea Conflictelor, Belgrad, 23-27 mai 2011 – SERGIU IOSIPESCU ....... 97 prezidenţial • Dr. SERGIU IOSIPESCU, cc. şt., Institutul pentru Studii Politice de Apărare şi Istorie Militară • Prof. univ. dr. ALESANDRU DUŢU, Universitatea „Spiru Haret” • Revista a fost inclusă în baza de date a Consiliului Naţional al Cercetării • Prof. univ. dr. MARIA GEOR- Ştiinţifice în Învăţământul Superior, fiind evaluată la categoria „B”. GESCU, Universitatea Piteşti • Comandor (r) GHEORGHE • Poziţia revistei în lista-catalog a publicaţiilor este la numărul 5017 VARTIC ISSNISSN 1220-5710 1220-5710 CONTENTS • The First World War – DRAGOŞ ILINCA – Nationalism and Diplomacy in the Middle East. The Great Arab Revolt, 1916-1918........... 1 • The Cold War – Ambassador ELIEZER PALMOR – Diplomatic Relations between Israel, USSR and the East-European States – an Anti-Model of Normal Relations between Sovereign States ..................................................................... 14 – Dr. ANNELY UTE GABANI – The Romanian Revolution ............................................................................... 21 • Revelations – ANDREI ALEXANDRU CĂPUŞAN – Excerpts from the Memoirs of the Minister Plenipotentiary of United States in Romania, Serbia and Bulgaria, Charles Vopicka (1913-1920) ................................................ 33 • Reform of the Military Body – ALIN BOGDAN SĂMUŞAN – From “Stalinist Military Science” to the “Continuous Revolution in Military Affairs”. Doctrinal Reflections in the Pages of Romania’s Armed Forces’ Journal (1948-1960) ..................... 38 • Military Memoirs – Commander (ret.) GHEORGHE VARTIC – Editorial Preview: the Memoirs of General Mihai Buttescu ... 44 – DUMITRU MOISA – The First Participation of the Romanian Armed Forces to a Peacekeeping Operation: Angola (II) ........................................................................................................................................................... 60 • Reviews – Ion Varta, Tatiana Varta, Igor Şarov, Asasinările în masă din RASSM în perioada Marii Terori, 1937-1938 (Volume 1) – DANIELA ŞIŞCANU ..................................................................................................................... 95 • Scientific Agenda – The 11th Annual Euro-Atlantic Conflict Study Work Group (CSWG), Belgrade, May 23-27, 2011 – SERGIU IOSIPESCU .................................................................................................................................. 97 • Responsabil de num`r: PETRE OTU • ALEXANDRU VOICU, MIRCEA SOREANU – redactori • MARIANA B~HN~REANU, culegere computerizat` • ADRIAN PANDEA, coperta, ELENA LEMNARU, tehnoredactare computerizat` Adresa redacţiei: strada Constantin Mille nr. 6, cod 010142, Bucureşti, sector 1, telefon: 0213157827, telefax: 004021-3137955 www.mapn.ro/diepa/ispaim Tiparul executat la Centrul Tehnic Editorial al Armatei sub comanda nr. 0000/2011 B 00136/21.11.2011 Primul Rãzboi Mondial NAŢIONALISM ŞI DIPLOMAŢIE ÎN ORIENTUL MIJLOCIU. MAREA REVOLTA ARABĂ 1916-1918 DRAGOŞ ILINCA* Abstract The historiography of the First World War suffers from what some may call a strongly Eurocentric perspective, given that entire regions that were caught in the conflagration are often overlooked. One of these regions is the Middle East, which played a significant role in the economy of war and the subsequent peace talks. Therefore, it is not so far-fetched to claim that the First World War is perhaps the most important moment in the creation of the modern Middle East and that the lack of continuity in the assumed commitments from the part of the European powers led to the appearance of security threats that have plagued this region ever since. The study below focuses on the Middle Eastern component of the First World War and its aftermath. Keywords: Arab Revolt of 1916, First World War, Middle East, Europe, Great Britain, Ottoman Empire În general, Primul Război Mondial (1914-1918) regiune a cărei semnificaţie pentru economia este privit ca un eveniment predominant „euro- războiului a fost una majoră, atât în ceea ce priveşte pean”. Astfel, o parte semnificativă a istoriografiei derularea operaţiilor militare, cât şi în ceea ce dezvoltată pe acest subiect a indus o perspectivă priveşte tratativele de pace ce au urmat ostilităţilor. pronunţat eurocentrică, zone întregi ale globului În egală măsură, se poate vorbi despre o pre- antrenate în cadrul marii deflagraţii mondiale fiind mieră pe care Orientul Mijlociu a reprezentat-o tratate în subsidiar. Este şi cazul Orientului Mijlociu, pentru opinia publică internaţională, întreaga lume * Şef direcţie, Ministerul Apărării Naţionale. P Revista de istorie militară P 1 devenind mult mai conştientă de existenţa sa ca un larg consens asupra tezei potrivit căreia Ilumini- entitate distinctă, depăşind, astfel, cadrul smul european a avut un efect extrem de puternic tradiţional al unei posesiuni otomane. Astfel, asupra naşterii arabismului modern. O scurtă Europa, şi lumea întreagă, în ansamblul său, a incursiune în evoluţia naţionalismului arab atestă, devenit mult mai conştientă de existenţa unor fără echivoc, această realitate, instrumentarul ideo- probleme nerezolvate în Orientul Mijlociu, războiul logic european regăsindu-se în forme mai mult sau aducându-le în dezbaterea internaţională. Cu toate mai puţin adaptate la nivelul celui arab. acestea, nu poate fi exclusă discuţiei problema Efectele acestui fenomen sunt mult mai vizibile „europenizării” pe care zona în cauză a resimţit-o începând cu cea de-a doua jumătate a secolului al din plin, Primul Război Mondial fiind de departe XIX-lea, favorizate de contextul politic în care se momentul cel mai important pentru naşterea găsea Imperiul Otoman, în special din perspectiva Orientului Mijlociu Modern. Contribuţia europeană programului de modernizare iniţiat de o serie de la acest proces s-a derulat în forme cu totul particu- sultani1, cunoscut sub numele de Tanzimat (1839- lare, în cadrul cărora elementul central l-a repre- 1876). Reformele promovate în cadrul acestei zentat lipsa de continuitate a angajamentelor făcute, perioade au vizat, dincolo de componenta de moder- ceea ce a condus la apariţia unor probleme care nizare generală a Imperiului Otoman, şi îmbună- grevează şi astăzi situaţia de securitate din zonă. tăţirea statutului popoarelor aflate în componenţa Revolta arabă din iunie 1916 reprezintă, dincolo de acestuia. Sub acest impuls, la nivelul populaţiei aspectele particulare ce au condus la izbucnirea sa, arabe aflate sub suzeranitatea Înaltei Porţi încep o exprimare concretă a acestor evoluţii. să se manifeste curente ideologice vizând Vorbind de particularităţile evenimentului emanciparea arabă. Epicentrul îl reprezintă, cel menţionat, se cuvine a fi subliniat faptul că orice puţin pentru prima perioadă, Egiptul lui Muhamad analiză asupra Revoltei arabe a „beneficiat” din Ali2 (1769-1849). Sub patronajul acestuia îşi desfă- plin de o aură romantică, generată, în mare măsură, şoară activitatea
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