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Lomonosov, the Discovery of Venus's Atmosphere, and Eighteenth Century Transits of Venus
Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, 15(1), 3-14 (2012). LOMONOSOV, THE DISCOVERY OF VENUS'S ATMOSPHERE, AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURY TRANSITS OF VENUS Jay M. Pasachoff Hopkins Observatory, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. 01267, USA. E-mail: [email protected] and William Sheehan 2105 SE 6th Avenue, Willmar, Minnesota 56201, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The discovery of Venus's atmosphere has been widely attributed to the Russian academician M.V. Lomonosov from his observations of the 1761 transit of Venus from St. Petersburg. Other observers at the time also made observations that have been ascribed to the effects of the atmosphere of Venus. Though Venus does have an atmosphere one hundred times denser than the Earth’s and refracts sunlight so as to produce an ‘aureole’ around the planet’s disk when it is ingressing and egressing the solar limb, many eighteenth century observers also upheld the doctrine of cosmic pluralism: believing that the planets were inhabited, they had a preconceived bias for believing that the other planets must have atmospheres. A careful re-examination of several of the most important accounts of eighteenth century observers and comparisons with the observations of the nineteenth century and 2004 transits shows that Lomonosov inferred the existence of Venus’s atmosphere from observations related to the ‘black drop’, which has nothing to do with the atmosphere of Venus. Several observers of the eighteenth-century transits, includ- ing Chappe d’Auteroche, Bergman, and Wargentin in 1761 and Wales, Dymond, and Rittenhouse in 1769, may have made bona fide observations of the aureole produced by the atmosphere of Venus. -
Choosing and Using Astronomical Filters
Martin Griffiths Choosing and Using Astronomical Filters The Patrick Moore The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/3192 Globular cluster Messier 5 in Serpens. Image by Martin Griffiths courtesy of LCOGT Choosing and Using Astronomical Filters Martin Griffi ths Martin Griffi ths University of South Wales Glyntaf , UK ISSN 1431-9756 ISSN 2197-6562 (electronic) ISBN 978-1-4939-1043-4 ISBN 978-1-4939-1044-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-1044-1 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014940529 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. -
Family Group Sheets Surname Index
PASSAIC COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY FAMILY GROUP SHEETS SURNAME INDEX This collection of 660 folders contains over 50,000 family group sheets of families that resided in Passaic and Bergen Counties. These sheets were prepared by volunteers using the Societies various collections of church, ceme tery and bible records as well as city directo ries, county history books, newspaper abstracts and the Mattie Bowman manuscript collection. Example of a typical Family Group Sheet from the collection. PASSAIC COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY FAMILY GROUP SHEETS — SURNAME INDEX A Aldous Anderson Arndt Aartse Aldrich Anderton Arnot Abbott Alenson Andolina Aronsohn Abeel Alesbrook Andreasen Arquhart Abel Alesso Andrews Arrayo Aber Alexander Andriesse (see Anderson) Arrowsmith Abers Alexandra Andruss Arthur Abildgaard Alfano Angell Arthurs Abraham Alje (see Alyea) Anger Aruesman Abrams Aljea (see Alyea) Angland Asbell Abrash Alji (see Alyea) Angle Ash Ack Allabough Anglehart Ashbee Acker Allee Anglin Ashbey Ackerman Allen Angotti Ashe Ackerson Allenan Angus Ashfield Ackert Aller Annan Ashley Acton Allerman Anners Ashman Adair Allibone Anness Ashton Adams Alliegro Annin Ashworth Adamson Allington Anson Asper Adcroft Alliot Anthony Aspinwall Addy Allison Anton Astin Adelman Allman Antoniou Astley Adolf Allmen Apel Astwood Adrian Allyton Appel Atchison Aesben Almgren Apple Ateroft Agar Almond Applebee Atha Ager Alois Applegate Atherly Agnew Alpart Appleton Atherson Ahnert Alper Apsley Atherton Aiken Alsheimer Arbuthnot Atkins Aikman Alterman Archbold Atkinson Aimone -
JRASC August 2021 Lo-Res
The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada PROMOTING ASTRONOMY IN CANADA August/août 2021 Volume/volume 115 Le Journal de la Société royale d’astronomie du Canada Number/numéro 4 [809] Inside this issue: A Pas de Deux with Aurora and Steve Detection Threshold of Noctilucent Clouds The Sun, Moon, Waves, and Cityscape The Best of Monochrome Colour Special colour edition. This great series of images was taken by Raymond Kwong from his balcony in Toronto. He used a Canon EOS 500D, with a Sigma 70–300 ƒ/4–5.6 Macro Super lens (shot at 300 mm), a Kenko Teleplus HD 2× DGX teleconverter and a Thousand Oaks solar filter. The series of photos was shot at ISO 100, 0.1s, 600 mm at ƒ/11. August/ août 2021 | Vol. 115, No. 4 | Whole Number 809 contents / table des matières Feature Articles / Articles de fond 182 Binary Universe: Watch the Planets Wheel Overhead 152 A Pas de Deux with Aurora and Steve by Blake Nancarrow by Jay and Judy Anderson 184 Dish on the Cosmos: FYSTing on a 160 Detection Threshold of Noctilucent Clouds New Opportunity and its Effect on Season Sighting Totals by Erik Rosolowsky by Mark Zalcik 186 John Percy’s Universe: Everything Spins 166 Pen and Pixel: June 10 Partial Eclipse (all) by John R. Percy by Nicole Mortillaro / Allendria Brunjes / Shelly Jackson / Randy Attwood Departments / Départements Columns / Rubriques 146 President’s Corner by Robyn Foret 168 Your Monthly Guide to Variable Stars by Jim Fox, AAVSO 147 News Notes / En manchettes Compiled by Jay Anderson 170 Skyward: Faint Fuzzies and Gravity by David Levy 159 Great Images by Michael Gatto 172 Astronomical Art & Artifact: Exploring the History of Colonialism and Astronomy in 188 Astrocryptic and Previous Answers Canada II: The Cases of the Slave-Owning by Curt Nason Astronomer and the Black Astronomer Knighted by Queen Victoria iii Great Images by Randall Rosenfeld by Carl Jorgensen 179 CFHT Chronicles: Times They Are A-Changing by Mary Beth Laychak Bleary-eyed astronomers across most of the country woke up early to catch what they could of the June 10 annular eclipse. -
History and Social Science Standards Are Premised Upon a Rigorous and Relevant K-12 Social Studies Program Within Each District and School in the State
History andArizona Social Science Standards DRAFT: March, 2018 Introduction Since the founding of this Nation, education and democracy have gone hand in hand...[Thomas] Jefferson and the Founders believed a nation that governs itself, like ours, must rely upon an informed and engaged electorate. Their purpose was not only to teach all Americans how to read and write but to instill the self-evident truths that are the anchors of our political system. Ronald Reagan An important aspect of our Republic is that an educated and engaged citizenry is vital for the system to work. In a government where the final authority and sovereignty rests with the people, our local, state, and federal governments will only be as responsive as the citizens demand them to be. Preparing students for the 21st century cannot be accomplished without a strong emphasis on civics, economics, geography, and history – the core disciplines of the social studies. It is imperative that each generation gains an understanding of the knowledge, skills, and dispositions to participate fully in civic life in a rapidly changing world. The Arizona History and Social Science Standards are premised upon a rigorous and relevant K-12 social studies program within each district and school in the state. Engaging students in the pursuit of active, informed citizenship will require a broad range of understandings and skills including: Think analytically by • Posing and framing questions • Gathering a variety of evidence • Recognizing continuity and detecting change over time • Utilizing -
Arizona Research Outline
Arizona Research Outline Table of Contents Records Of The Family History Library Family History Library Catalog Archives And Libraries Bible Records Biography Cemeteries Census Church Records Court Records Directories Emigration And Immigration Gazetteers Genealogy History Land And Property Maps Military Records Native Races Naturalization And Citizenship Newspapers Periodicals Probate Records Vital Records Voting Records For Further Reading Comments And Suggestions This outline describes major sources of information about families from Arizona. As you read this outline, study the United States Research Outline (30972), which will help you understand terminology and the contents and uses of genealogical records. RECORDS OF THE FAMILY HISTORY LIBRARY The Family History Library has some of the records listed in this outline. The major holdings include Spanish, territorial, federal, and Indian census records. The library also has helpful genealogical collections including cemetery records. The library has few records from the county courthouses. Some of the sources described in this outline list the Family History Library's book, microfilm, and microfiche numbers. These are preceded by FHL, the abbreviation for Family History Library. These numbers may be used to locate materials in the library and to order microfilm and microfiche at Family History Centers. FAMILY HISTORY LIBRARY CATALOG The library's records are listed in the Family History Library Catalog, found at the library and at each Family History Center. To find a record, look in the Locality Search of the catalog for: • The place where your ancestor lived, such as: UNITED STATES - CENSUSARIZONA - MILITARY RECORDSARIZONA, MARICOPA - VITAL RECORDSARIZONA, MARICOPA, PHOENIX - DIRECTORIES • The record type you want, such as: UNITED STATES - CENSUS RECORDSARIZONA - MILITARY RECORDSARIZONA, MARICOPA - VITAL RECORDSARIZONA, MARICOPA, PHOENIX - DIRECTORIES The section headings in this outline match the names of record types used in the catalog. -
Inventing Television: Transnational Networks of Co-Operation and Rivalry, 1870-1936
Inventing Television: Transnational Networks of Co-operation and Rivalry, 1870-1936 A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the faculty of Life Sciences 2011 Paul Marshall Table of contents List of figures .............................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 2 .............................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 3 .............................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 4 .............................................................................................................. 8 Chapter 5 .............................................................................................................. 8 Chapter 6 .............................................................................................................. 9 List of tables ................................................................................................................ 9 Chapter 1 .............................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 2 .............................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 6 .............................................................................................................. 9 Abstract .................................................................................................................... -
A History of Holbrook and the Little Colorado Country (1540-1962)
A history of Holbrook and the Little Colorado Country (1540-1962) Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Wayte, Harold Columbus, 1926- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 18:31:37 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/551586 A HISTORY OF HOLBROOK AND THE LITTLE COLORADO COUNTRY . (1540-1962) A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Department of History in Partial Fulfillment'of the Requirements for the Degree of M aster of Arts b y Harold C. Wayte, Jr. In the Graduate College UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1962 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of require ments for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in The University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in their judgment the proposed use of the m aterial is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. -
France & Col O Nies
1062 FRANCE FRANCE 1862 Re-issue 34 A5 30c brn, yelsh (’67) 600.00 12.50 Type II 10b A2 10c bister 425.00 a. 30c dk brn, yellowish 975.00 30.00 11a A2 25c blue 250.00 35 A5 40c pale org, yellow- frants ish 600.00 8.75 1849-50 Typo. Unwmk. Imperf. The re-issues are in lighter colors and on a. 40c org, yelsh (’68) 610.00 11.00 whiter paper than the originals. c. Half used as 20c on cover 32,500. 1 A1 10c bis, yelsh 36 A5 80c rose, pnksh LOCATION — Western Europe (’50) 1,250. 275.00 (’68) 725.00 18.00 GOVT. — Republic a. 10c dark bister, yelsh 1,500. 325.00 1853-60 Imperf. a. 80c carmine, yellowish 1,050. 27.50 b. 10c greenish bister 2,150. 325.00 d. Half used as 40c on cover 36,500. AREA — 210,033 sq. mi. e. Tˆete beche pair 50,000. 11,250. Die I. The curl above the forehead directly e. Quarter used as 20c on POP. — 58,978,172 (1999 est.) 2 A1 15c green, grnsh below “R” of “EMPIRE” is made up of two lines cover 40,000. (’50) 15,500. 725.00 very close together, often appearing to form a 37 A6 5fr gray lil, lav (’69) 4,300. 775.00 CAPITAL — Paris a. 15c yellow green, grnsh 16,500. 800.00 a. “5” and “F” omitted 56,000. c. Tˆete bˆeche pair single thick line. There is no shading across c. 5fr bluish gray, lavender 4,800. -
Early Spanish and Mexican Settlements in Arizona
New Mexico Historical Review Volume 21 Number 4 Article 2 10-1-1946 Early Spanish and Mexican Settlements in Arizona Ray H. Mattison Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Mattison, Ray H.. "Early Spanish and Mexican Settlements in Arizona." New Mexico Historical Review 21, 4 (1946). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol21/iss4/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. NEW MEXICO HISTORICAL REVIEW VOL. XXI OCTOBER, 1946 NO.4 I EARLY SPANISH AND MEXICAN, SETTLEMENT~ IN ARIZONA *By Ray H .. Mattison RIZONA, likl;! few other states, is largely the product of. A the fusing of two influences possessing widely divergent backgrounds.. When the American pioneers, largely of northern European descent, first came into this region in the· middle of the 19th century they found portions of it already settled by people of Spanish origin. This 'latter group had first established itself in southern Arizona a century and a half earlier; when the English colonists, were settling the Atlantic seaboard'. Spanish laws, customs, political, re ligious and economic institutions had already become firmly implanted there. These two ethnological elements, aside from the. aboriginal Indian populati()n, have given Arizona, .in common with the other neighboring southwestern states, . a uniqueness in character. The story of the westward movement of the English speaking peoples in the United States is a familiar one. -
History of the Empire Ranch
HISTORY OF THE EMPIRE RANCH by Gregory Paul Dowell A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partial Fulfillment off the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1978 Original typescript thesis converted by the Empire Ranch Foundation to a Word document in 2011 with permission granted by Gregory Paul Dowell STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgement of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by, the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: _______________________________ APPROVAL BY THESIS DIRECTOR This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: ______________________________ ____________________ HARWOOD PERRY HINTON Date Professor of History Dowell, Gregory Paul History of the Empire Ranch, 1978 ii PREFACE Ranching in southern Arizona assumed a measure of permanence in the 1870s. With the slackening of the Apache threat, a number of cattle growers filtered into the valleys south of Tucson to start ranches and supply beef to mining camps and military detachments. -
Early History of Mining in Arizona – Acquisition of Mineral Rights, 1539-1866
Chapter One Early History of Mining in Arizona Acquisition of Mineral Rights 1539-1866 ©1987 by john C. Lacy Introduction to get members of the party to retrace their steps on his Arizona provides an unusual historical case study of its behalf. When all refused, Mendoza bought Estebanico and mineral development through mineral laws. The first sent Marcos de Niza, a Franciscan friar, to Arizona to in Spanish explorers did not necessarily come to the portion vestigate the story. of this country that came to be known as Arizona out of In March of 1539, Niza, Estebanico and a small party a love of adventure but were driven by a promise made of support personnel traveled north through the Santa by the mineral laws that one could keep at least a por Cruz Valley to the Gila River and then continued through tion of any mineral riches that might be found. As time Apacheria to the land of the Hopi in northern Arizona. progressed, however, the legal foundation of laws were fre There, Estebanico was killed by Indians and Niza aborted quently unclear or non-existent and laws enacted by ad his mission. For reasons known only to Niza, he reported hoc self-governing groups often premised their enforce sighting the seven cities of gold in Hopi land. Thus, based ability on as little as local consensus. on Niza's report, and a second inconclusive report from The activities taken in compliance with the 1536-1550 Melchior Diaz and Juan de Zaldivar, Viceroy Mendoza ordinances of Viceroy Mendoza, the regal codes of 1584 authorized an expedition to be undertaken by Francisco and 1783, gold rush mining district regulations, and the Vasquez de Coronado.