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Study on the Visual Aspects of Urban Design in the Vicinity
2nd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BUILT ENVIRONMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (ICBEDC 2008) STUDY ON THE VISUAL ASPECTS OF URBAN DESIGN IN THE VICINITY OF THE SHWEDAGON PAGODA Ms. Nandar Linn Technological University, Kyaukse, Myanmar [email protected] ABSTRACT: Yangon, the capital of Myanmar, is developing along with the changing aspects of socio-economic developments. The earliest accounts of Yangon are always associated with the Shwedagon Pagoda. The Shwedagon is the cultural lighthouse as well as a landmark of Myanmar. The ancient Myanmar planned this pagoda to attain visual supremacy and dominance over its environs. Conservation of such a historical heritage is to be regarded as our national concern. Some newly built buildings have become visual obstructions to the Shwedagon in the recent years. This situation calls for a scientific study and decisive actions in urban planning of Yangon. It is in need of strict regulations to preserve and protect visual axes of the Shwedagon. There has been a restriction for over sixstoreyed buildings in the preservation area of the Shwedagon according to the 1996 Yangon municipal bylaw. However, these are not supposed to meet the actual requirements of present situation. Proper recommendations for newly built buildings in the environs of the Shwedagon need to be considered from visual aspects of urban design.The first portion of this paper is to review and study the traditional practices of urban planning in comparison with present conditions in the immediate vicinity of the Shwedagon. The critical analysis is made from visual aspects of urban design. Secondly, individual axes of the Shwedagon are found out and identified based on the present and past conditions. -
The Trend of the Role of Ramańńa Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State
THE TREND OF THE ROLE OF RAMAÑÑA NIKĀYA IN THE NEXT DECADE IN MON STATE Ven. Za Wa Na A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts (Buddhist Studies) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2017 The Trend of the Role of Rãmañña Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State Ven. Za Wa Na A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts (Buddhist Studies) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2017 (Copyright by Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University) ii Thesis Title : The Trend of the Role of Rãmañña Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State Researcher : Ven. Za Wa Na Degree : Master of Arts ( Buddhist Studies) Thesis Supervisory Committee : Asst. Prof. Dr. Phramaha Hansa Dhammahaso : Pali V, B.A. (Philosophy) M.A. (Buddhist Studies) : Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) : Asst. Prof. Dr. Sanu Mahatthanadull : B.A (Advertisement) M.A (Buddhist Studies) : Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) Date of Graduation :16/ 03 / 2017 Abstract This qualitative research has three main objectives namely: (1) to study the origin and development of Rãmañña Nikāya in Mon State, (2) to study the characteristics and practices of Ramañña Nikāya Association, (3) to analyze the Trend of the Roles of Ramañña Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State. The result of the study found that Mon Buddhism began and develop before Pegan, during Pegan and after Pegan from three periods during conflict civil war. Based on the results of the analysis, the study presents possible solutions to the conflict. These periods will present and explain various conditions based on the results of the analysis from a long time in the history of Ramañña Nikāya. -
Managing Living Heritage Sites in Mainland Southeast Asia
MANAGING LIVING HERITAGE SITES IN MAINLAND SOUTHEAST ASIA By Patcharawee Tunprawat A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Archaeology Graduate School SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY 2009 MANAGING LIVING HERITAGE SITES IN MAINLAND SOUTHEAST ASIA By Patcharawee Tunprawat A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Archaeology Graduate School SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY 2009 The Graduate School, Silpakorn University has approved and accredited the Thesis title of “Managing Living Heritage Sites in Mainland Southeast Asia” submitted by Miss Patcharawee Tunprawat as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Historical Archaeology ……........................................................................ (Associate Professor Sirichai Chinatangkul, Ph.D.) Dean of Graduate School ........../..................../.......... Thesis Advisors 1. Assoc. Prof. Sayan Praicharnjit 2. Mr. Pisit Charoenwongsa Thesis Examination Committee .................................................... Chairman (Prof. Phasook Indrawooth, Ph.D.) ............/......................../.............. .................................................... Member (Assoc. Prof. Chanan Vongvipak) ............/......................../.............. .................................................... Member .................................................... Member (Assoc. Prof. Sayan Praicharnjit) (Mr. Pisit Charoenwongsa) -
Historical Processes of Urban Form and Land-Use Change at Shwedagon Pagoda’S Surrounding Area in Yangon, Myanmar
The 18th International Planning History Society Conference - Yokohama, July 2018 Historical Processes of Urban Form and Land-Use Change at Shwedagon Pagoda’s Surrounding Area in Yangon, Myanmar Kuniomi Hirano*, Makoto Yokohari** * Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, [email protected] ** Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, [email protected] Shwedagon Pagoda is located at the centre of Yangon, Myanmar. It is one of the nation’s most respected religious monuments. The objective of this research was to identify the details of the historical processes of urban form and land-use change in the area surrounding the pagoda in relation to political regime transition. This research also focused on the evolving processes of the pagoda festival and its land use in the surrounding area; the festival is a typical occasion during which the relationship between the pagoda and the surrounding area is prominently visible. An interview survey, newspaper review survey, field survey, mapping work, and literature review were conducted to accomplish this research’s goals. The pagoda’s land property and the land use of the surrounding area have undergone significant changes. This research identified the historical processes through which temporary, multi-purpose open spaces in the area surrounding the pagoda have been divided, fixed for individual land uses, and segmentalized according to role during the pagoda festival. For example, this includes markets and stalls that have been altered for use as permanent shops and restaurants, entertainment and amusement facilities that were enclosed in parks, and smaller forms of lodging that have become hotels. -
Yangon, Myanmar Destination Guide
Yangon, Myanmar Destination Guide Overview of Yangon Yangon is Myanmar's largest city and its economic and cultural centre. The British occupied it in 1852, when it became the centre of the Burmese Raj and the resulting influx of traders, diplomats and wealth transformed it into a thriving regional hub. The legacy of this time is evident in the decaying though stately colonial buildings found along the Rangoon River and toward the centre of town. The city has myriad tourist attractions, most notably the famous Shwedagon Pagoda, which is the country's most beloved landmark and justifies a visit to Yangon all by itself. There are also markets to explore, and Yangon is a glorious city to trawl for jewels. Yangon is hot and humid, especially at midday, when most of the population takes refuge indoors or in the shade of a temple or banyan tree. It is a noisy and chaotic place too, with congested traffic, orange-robed monks, neon signs and golden temple spires clashing in a visual landscape of uniquely Asian contradictions. Key Facts Language: Burmese is the official language, yet English is widely spoken and understood. Passport/Visa: All foreign passengers to Myanmar must hold confirmed return/onward tickets, and the necessary travel documentation for their next destination. They will also require a tourist visa, which is valid for 28 days. Note that applications for visa extensions are not possible once in Myanmar; however, a fine of USD 3 per day overstayed, can be paid at Immigration upon departure. Note that a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required to enter Myanmar, if arriving within six days of leaving or transiting through an infected area. -
Mystic Myanmar 8 Days/7 Nights
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ MYSTIC MYANMAR 8 DAYS/7 NIGHTS ITINERARY IN BRIEF 7 Night’s accommodation based on twin share Meals as per itinerary Transfers English speaking guide Entrance fees Domestic Flights as per itinerary Fathom Asia ~ 09 444 2298 ~ email: [email protected] ~ website: fathomasia.co.nz ITINERARY Day 1: Yangon Arrival – Colonial-historical centre – Markets – Golden Pagoda Min ga la ba! Welcome to Yangon, Myanmar. You are greeted by your guide and driver at the International airport for your transfer to the hotel. In the afternoon, start your introductory half-day tour which takes you to the colonial-historical centre of Yangon, a photo stop to the Karaweik Hall royal floating barge; and the gilded Sule Pagoda, dating back over 2,000 years. Next stop will be at the Bogyoke (Scott) Market, where hundreds of gemstone, handicrafts, art, clothes and food stores are tucked in a maze of color. (Bogyoke Market is closed on Mondays and public holidays). Our last visit for today will be the Shwedagon Pagoda, one of the world's most spectacular religious monuments in the world rises majestically over Singuttara Hill to the city Yangon, casting its golden gleam over the low-lying capital. This 2,500-years old structure, which contains the relics of four Buddhas, is the guardian temple of Yangon and the most sacred site for the people of Myanmar. Start from the Eastern entrance of Shwedagon pagoda and walk through the small shops where monk accessories, Buddha statues, flowers etc. are sold. The entrance is always very busy with sellers and local pilgrims. -
Special Edit
The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities (JIABU) Special Edition on Vesak Celebrations Conference 2018 Aims and Scope The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities is an academic journal published twice a year (1st issue January-June, 2nd issue July-December). It aims to promote research and disseminate academic and research articles for researchers, academicians, lecturers and graduate students. The Journal focuses on Buddhism, Sociology, Liberal Arts and Multidisciplinary of Humanities and Social Sciences. All the articles published are peer-reviewed by at least two experts. The articles, submitted for The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities, should not be previously published or under consideration of any other journals. The author should carefully follow the submission instructions of The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities including the reference style and format. Views and opinions expressed in the articles published by The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities, are of responsibility by such authors but not the editors and do not necessarily refl ect those of the editors. Advisors The Most Venerable Prof. Dr. Phra Brahmapundit Rector, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand The Most Venerable Xue Chen Vice President, Buddhist Association of China & Buddhist Academy of China The Most Venerable Dr. Ashin Nyanissara Chancellor, Sitagu International Buddhist Academy, Myanmar Executive Editor Ven. Prof. Dr. Phra Rajapariyatkavi Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand ii JIABU | Special Edition on Vesak Celebrations Conference 2018 Chief Editor Ven. Phra Weerasak Jayadhammo (Suwannawong) International Buddhist Studies College (IBSC), Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand Editorial Team Ven. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Phramaha Hansa Dhammahaso Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand Prof. -
Shwedagon Pagoda
Shwedagon Pagoda Schwedgon Pagoda - the holiest Buddhist shrine in Myanmar The Schwedgon Pagoda (“Pagoda” meaning stupa) is the holiest Buddhist shrine in Myanmar and according to the legend, it was built about 2,500 years ago. However, archaeologists estimate the time period to be between the 6th and 10th centuries. The site is an iconic landmark and sits on top of the Singuttara Hill dominating the skyline of the city of Yangon. The Pagoda has been rebuilt a number of times due to earthquakes and the present structure dates from the rebuild under King Hsinbyushin in 1769. The fact that the padoga has withstood and endured the renovations adds to the majesty of the place. The site stands strong, steady and sacred to this day. The main Pagoda had been decorated with 8000 gold plates, 5000 diamonds and 2000 gems. Many semi precious stones were used for the same purpose. Hence, it is not surprising that the site has been plundered a number of times over the years and that the 300-year-old bell covered with jewels is now lost. This place is religiously very significant and visitors should keep in mind the cultural sensitivities during their visit. Facts about Shwedagon Pagoda The Schwedagon was in the middle of political activity during the independence movement in Myanmar in the 20th century. The surface of the Pagoda was covered with a gold leaf weighing 40 kilograms, donated by Queen Shinsawbu and was equivalent to her weight. This marked the beginning of the tradition of covering the Pagoda. The Indian Emperor Asoka is said to have searched for the Shwedagon after it fell into ruin. -
Seekins, 2006
06-205 (01) Front.qxd 7/13/06 7:38 AM Page vi 06-205 (01) Front.qxd 7/13/06 7:38 AM Page i Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East Edited by Jon Woronoff Asia 1. Vietnam, by William J. Duiker. 1989. Out of print. See No. 27. 2. Bangladesh, 2nd ed., by Craig Baxter and Syedur Rahman. 1996. Out of print. See No. 48. 3. Pakistan, by Shahid Javed Burki. 1991. Out of print. See No. 33. 4. Jordan, by Peter Gubser. 1991. 5. Afghanistan, by Ludwig W. Adamec. 1991. Out of print. See No. 47. 6. Laos, by Martin Stuart-Fox and Mary Kooyman. 1992. Out of print. See No. 35. 7. Singapore, by K. Mulliner and Lian The-Mulliner. 1991. 8. Israel, by Bernard Reich. 1992. 9. Indonesia, by Robert Cribb. 1992. Out of print. See No. 51. 10. Hong Kong and Macau, by Elfed Vaughan Roberts, Sum Ngai Ling, and Peter Bradshaw. 1992. 11. Korea, by Andrew C. Nahm. 1993. Out of print. See No. 52. 12. Taiwan, by John F. Copper. 1993. Out of print. See No. 34. 13. Malaysia, by Amarjit Kaur. 1993. Out of print. See No. 36. 14. Saudi Arabia, by J. E. Peterson. 1993. Out of print. See No. 45. 15. Myanmar, by Jan Becka. 1995. Out of print. See No. 59. 16. Iran, by John H. Lorentz. 1995. 17. Yemen, by Robert D. Burrowes. 1995. 18. Thailand, by May Kyi Win and Harold Smith. 1995. Out of print. See No. 55. 19. Mongolia, by Alan J. -
Mystic Myanmar 8 Days/7 Nights
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ MYSTIC MYANMAR 8 DAYS/7 NIGHTS ITINERARY IN BRIEF Day 1 Yangon Arrival – Colonial-historical centre – Markets – Golden Pagoda Day 2 Yangon – Bagan Day 3 Bagan – Mandalay Day 4 Mandalay - Ava (Inwa) – Sagaing – Amarapura – Ubein Bridge Day 5 Mandalay – Heho – Inle Lake – Indaing Day 6 Markets – Leg Rowers – Traditional workshops Day 7 Red Mountain Estate Vineyard – Yangon Day 8 Depart Yangon Fathom Asia ~ 09 444 2298 ~ email: [email protected] ~ website: fathomasia.co.nz ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ITINERARY IN DETAILS Day 1: Yangon Arrival – Colonial-historical centre – Markets – Golden Pagoda (-/-/-) Min ga la ba! Welcome to Yangon, Myanmar. You are greeted by your guide and driver at the International airport for your transfer to the hotel. In the afternoon, start your introductory half-day tour which takes you to the colonial-historical centre of Yangon, a photo stop to the Karaweik Hall royal floating barge; and the gilded Sule Pagoda, dating back over 2,000 years. Next stop will be at the Bogyoke (Scott) Market, where hundreds of gemstone, handicrafts, art, clothes and food stores are tucked in a maze of color, it is considered Yangon’s best market for handicrafts. (Bogyoke Market is closed on Mondays and public holidays). Our last visit for today will be the Shwedagon Pagoda, one of the world's most spectacular religious monuments in the world rises majestically over Singuttara Hill to the city Yangon, casting its golden gleam over the low-lying capital. This 2,500-years old structure, which contains the relics of four Buddhas, is the guardian temple of Yangon and the most sacred site for the people of Myanmar. -
Tour Dossier Hidden Treasures of Myanmar Classic Tour│18 Days│ Active Pace
Tour Dossier Hidden Treasures of Myanmar Classic Tour│18 Days│ Active Pace This document has been designed to provide a straightforward description of the physical activities involved in sightseeing or travelling during the tour. All passengers should read this dossier to assess the physical requirements of the programme and their ability to complete the tour. Classic Tours Designed for those who wish to see the iconic sites and magnificent treasures on a fully inclusive excellent value group tour. Hidden Treasures of Myanmar is an Active Pace tour. This is defined in our brochure as the following: Tours require a good level of fitness, as they are physically more demanding. They may involve hiking, longer days driving, climbing of stairs and in/out of boats will be necessary and some there may be travel to remote areas where tourist facilities are less developed. Anyone with a good level of fitness should be able to complete this itinerary. Of course, our National Escort/Local Guides always endeavour to provide the highest level of service and assistance, but they cannot be expected to cater for customers who are unfit to complete the itinerary. Please refer to your Travel Guide for more information. Tour highlights: On our Hidden Treasures of Myanmar itinerary, you will visit Yangon, Bagan, Mandalay, Inle Lake, Pyay (Prome) and Monywa. Yangon - The former capital of Myanmar with parks, colonial buildings and the golden Shwedagon Pagoda Bagan - The home to over 3,000 temples and Myanmar’s greatest architectural site Mandalay - Considered to be the cultural centre of Myanmar and home to the world’s longest teak bridge Inle Lake - Famous for the people who live on and around it, known as the ‘Intha’ Pyay (Prome) - An ancient city known for its archaeological sites Monywa - Located on the banks of the Chindwin River which serves as a main trade centre between Myanmar and India Visit wendywutours.com.au Call 1300 727 998 to speak to a Reservations Consultant Destination Profile Myanmar - Is a spiritual country, largely unexplored by tourists until recently. -
14-Za Wa Na.Indd
The Trend of the Role of Ramañña Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State Ven. Za Wa Na, Phramaha Hansa Dhammahaso, Assoc. Prof. Dr., Asst. Prof. Dr. Sanu Mahattanadull International Buddhist Studies College, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University. Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This research article has three main objectives, namely: (1) to study the origin and the development of Rãmañña Nikāya in the Mon state, (2) to study the characteristics and the practices of Ramañña Nikāya Association, and (3) to analyze the trend of the roles of Ramañña Nikāya in the next decade in the Mon state. It has three study attempts to explain the main Mon Buddhism’s role in Lower Burma through an in-depth analysis of the next decade in Mon state. This research contains fi ve chapters: the fi rst two are introductory chapters describing the history of Mon Buddhism and the origin and development of Ramañña Nikāya; the last two chapters examine the characteristics of the practices and interview the Role of Rãmañña Nikāya that of relating to the state, Sangha education and propagation of the religious title to the Sangha who is prompting in the next decade in Mon State. The last chapter contains the conclusion of this research: Rãmañña Nikāya’s role in Mon society, Mon Sangha association and Mon people in Mon State. Ten scholars of Mon Buddhism were interviewed for the primary source in this dissertation. The study has shown that through the assigned objective, Mon Buddhism began and developed before Pegan, during Pegan and after Pegan during confl icts of civil war.