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Hanzi Bu Tebie Biaoyi. From Schriifrfesestschrifr: Eksrzys in Honor ofJohn DeFrancis Hanzi Bu T&bie Biaoyi Zhang LiqTng Swarthmore College Dadubshu hui Hanzi de ren renwei Hanzi shi biaoyi wenzi. Jia shi shu6 Hanzi gBn biede wenil bu yiyang, bubi yikao fayin huozhB biede yGyh tiaojian; yi ge ren zhiyao xuehui le hgn dub Hanzi, kanjian Hanzi xi6 de dbngxi jiu zhidao shi shenme yisi. Zhe dadubshu ren you kandao liang jian shiqing. Di-yi, Hanzi zai ZhBngguo lianxu yong le sanqiZin dud nian, bingqig dao xianzai hai zai yong. Di- er, Hanzi zai Dbng-Ya ji ge guojia liuchuan le hgn chang yi duan shijian. Yushi, tamen you tuixi3ng ch0 liang ge jielbn. Yi ge shu6 Hanzi chaoyue shijian; lingwai yi ge shub Hanzi chiioyue kbngjian. Guibing qilai jiu shi Hanzi bigoyi, k8yi chaoyue shi-kbng. Zuihou geng jinyibu, bii Hanyii yg IajinUi, shub Hanzi zui shihe HanyG. Shangmian de kanfg he jielun "g6n shen di gu", danshi buxing d6u hgn pianmian, bh f6he zhenzheng qingkuang. Weishenme ne? Hen jigndan. Renhe wenzi dbu biaoyi, y6 dbu neng chaoyue shijian he kbngjian. Hanzi bh tebie bisoyi, yg bir tebie chaoyue shijian he kbngjian. <<irshiyi Shiji>> shi Xianggang chOb5n de yi fenr fantizi zazhi. Zhe fenr z&hi di-3 qT (1991 nian 2yue, di-108 ye) y5u yT pian cong waiwen fanyiguolai de wenzhang, jiao "Liljli [t,kw de Jiyi ~bshenhe Youtai Ren de Minzu Jiyi -- Lun ZWngguo Ren he Youtai Ren de Minzlj Jiyi>>. Wenzhang jfichfilai yT ge gfilHo de Xibolai ccir , zachor. Zachor suiran gBn Hanzi wanquan bbtong, que neng bigoshi hgo )7 ge yiyi: Xibolaiwen de zachor, ji "jiyi" zhe ge cir, zai Shengjing zhbng yizai chuxian. Ta jiBny6u "ji nian biaozhi"; "ji pin"; "ji lb"; "ji nian"; "mingji" dgng du6chong hanyi. Zachor tongshi sheji neixin jingli he waijie shiqing, ... Sino-Platortic Papers, 27 (August 3 1, 199 1) Weishenme Hanzi neng zai Zhdnggu6 lianxir yong le sanqian dub nian, bingqig xianzai hai zai yong? Zhe ggn Zhbngguo de zhengzhi sixigng, zhengzhi jiegbu, shehui, jingji, 1905 nian yiqian ybng k3o Wenyanwen de jTngshn he shici Iai xugnba gu8nyuan dgngd8ng y6u guanxi. Hanzi fgichang shihe Wenyanwen, shbliang du6, xingti fansu6 firza, xueqilai yongqilai d6u haofei shijian. Zhe xfidub tedign rang zhishi hgn nan f8zhgn chuanbb, que hgn rongyi lbngduan. Wdmen kgyi shu6, Hanzi bijiao neng bangzhu peiygng mgnfu Jing Shi Zi Ji, qugsh80 shijian sik2io de chuanteng xuezhg, yT! neng bangzhh peiyang sixiang danchljn, qu8shgo zhishi de guomin. Zhe dui weihu chuAnt6ng wenhua he shehui wending hgn y6u gongxian. Jiir xiang yizhidao liu-qishi nian yiqian, Zhbngguo nzren yTnwei zhengzhi, jingji, he shbhui yuinyin, b8o le zhishao yiqian niin xigojig0 yiyang, Hanzi y8 yinwei zhengzhi, jSngji, he shehui yuanyin, zai .) Zhbngguo lianxh yong le sanqian dub nian. ZhOngguo nuren bao xiZoji80 shi yi ge lishi xianxiang. Hanzi zai ZhOngguo yong le sanqian dub nian yg shi yi ge lishi xianxiang. W6men bG neng yinwhi Zhbngguo niren b8o le yiqian du6 nian xiaojiao, jiG duinding xiaojislo ybuyue, zui shihe Zhbngguo hen. Tongyang, wijmen y6 bC neng yinwei Hanzi zai Zh6ngguo yong le sanqian du6 nian, jilj shu6 Hanzi tebie bigoyi, zui shiihe HanyE. Hanzi y6xE gBn ZhBngguo de chuantbng he lishi xiangyi w6i ming, hirxiang yingxiang, danshi lishi xianxiang he shiwir de bgnzhi shi y6u qgbie de. Yao zhTdao shiwu de bgnzhi, d8i cbng shiwir bgnshgn guancha, yao zhidao Hanzi shifdu tebie bigoyi, ye bixir cbng Hanzi b8nshCn zhuoygn. W6 bu shi xuezh8, bb neng yinjing jirdign. Danshi w6 y6u cong ziji shGnghu6 IT delai de wir ge zhenshi lizi, d6u biHoming Hanzi bing bir tebi6 bigoyi. Di-I ge lizi. W6 lih sui kaishi xuexi Hanzi, chozhbng jiir jiechu Wenyanwen, 1960 dao 1969 nian ye zai dkue he yanjiusub nian le jib nian Zh6ngguo wenxue. W6 changchang kan ZhBngwen sh0 bao zazhi. WT, suiran mei y5u xuewen, yuedli Hanzi de jingyan k6yi shu6 sh.1 hgn fengfir de. Danshi yudao mei 9 XU~~UOhu0zh8 bb shljxT de Hanzi, bTf~ju $% , 4. % f .gngdgng, jiu =enme kan yg kanbbdeng. Budan gebie shengpi Hanzi ybu zhe zh6ng qingkuang, y6ushihou lian yong shljxi Hanzi xi8 de cir, pianyfi, shenzhiyll jirzi y6 y6u wenti. Bin3 ccDT-yi Jiating>> (1989 nian 5yue, di-195 ye) u 4 $,l.g-kg"lide u 9 u? Schnfrfestschri!: Essay in Honor of John &Francis (,,,&is,,j u kg -@"? BC zhidao ziinme fenci.); ccYu3njian Z&hi>> (1990 nian I I yue, di-92 ye) li de Fpji:&%%T 31 "; cctrshiyi Shiji>> Di-3 Qi, "Liuli de Jiyi fishe en" (7991 nian 2yue, di-107 ye) kaitou yinyong de yi duan w6nzi: Suiran wB hui xi4 shangmian de m8i yT ge Hanzi, yg cha le zidizn huozh8 cidign, danshi dui zhhxie ciju haishi bu tai ligoran. Rljgui, Hanzi shi tebie bigoyi de, jibian wB mei y6u yuedir Hanzi de fgngfu jingyan, wi, ye yinggai cong shangmian zhexie Hanzi bgnshen dedao bangzhu, hgn kuai de jigjue wenti. Di-2 ge lizi. 1988 nian wi, zai Mgiguo Bryn Mawr Daxue jiao Hanyue. 9yue zh6ngxun de yT tian, yi ge D6ngfBng xuesheng Iai zhso w5, yao w6 g8i tCi kai yi zhang Zhbngwen chengdu zhengming. W5 tingjian ttia shu6 yao Zh6ngwen zhengming, jiu hen ziran de yong Hanyfi dui 18 shuij, "Ni ha5! Ni jiao shenrne mingzi?" TB li5ng zhi ygnjing zhgng de hen da, rnSn lian rnihuo jingqi. W8 dgngdai le yihuir (=yihuir), chongfu shu6, "Ni hgo! Ni jiao shheme mingzi?" TEi haishi hen jTngqi de dgngzhe wb. Yllshi w8 jiu yong Yingwen wen t2 shi zai n3r xu6 de Hanyil. Ti3 shuci tB xiatian zai ChaoxiEin Hancheng yi sub daxue de shfiqi xuexiao xu6 le yi ge xiatitian de Hanzi; shu6zhe jiu b3 na ge shfiqi xuexiao de zTliao dig& wB. Wb kan le ziliao, you wen le 18 yixig wknti, faxian t% shi yong xiandai ChaoxiBnyLi xu6 de Hanzi. W6 jiu gaosu ttia bu neng ggi 19 ktiai zhengming. TEi y6udiSn qifen, wen wB weishenme. When y6u zheyang de duihua : "WB xu6 le yi ge xiatian de Hanzi, ybu chengjzdan. Weishenme ni bu neng ggi w6 k8i zhengming?" "Yinwei we ~CJd6ng Chaoxianyfi. W6 mei fazi ceyan ni de chengdu. Ni yinggei qing yT wei ChaoxiBnyG jiaoshou g6i ni k8i zhengming." "Bryn Mawr rnei yBu Chaoxianyfi ke, bingqig Hanzi b9 dbu yiyang ma?" "Ni shuci de h8n dui. Hanzi dafi shang shi yiyang de, danshi ni yong Hanzi xuexi Chaoxianyil, yong Hanzi yuedlj xigzub ChaoxiEinyfi. wenzhtiang; w6 Sino-Platonic Papers, 27 (August 3 1, 199 1) yong Qanzi xuexi Hanyir, yong Hanzi yuedu xigzuo Hanyir wenzhang. Chaoxianyli de fayin, shBngci, yGf8 dgngdgng d6u gBn HanyG de bu yiyang. W6 bu neng yong w6 de Zhijngguo y6wen Iai panduan ni de ChaoxiZtnw6n hubzhg Zhangwen, dui budui?" "We zhi yao ni panduan wT, de Hanzi chengdir ya! Ni bC y6 chengren Hanzi dati shang yiyang ma?" W6 shubb~ch~hua Iai le. Xiang le xigng, you dui 18 shub, "Rang w6 yong Riben ren zuo lizi. Ni zhTdao hgn dud Ribgn ren de Hanzi shuiping hgn gab. Ni xigng t2rnen neng qing yi wgi hui Hanzi, danshi ba hui Riyii de ChBoxiBn- yir ladsh? pandu8n tamen de ChaoxiBnwen huozhg Riwen ma? W6 bb hui Riylj. R6gu6 zhexie Riben ren ye bir hui Hanyir, ni xi8ng w6 neng zheng- ming zhexie Riben ren de Zhdngwen huozhg Riwen zgnmeyang ma?" Zuihou zhe wei tongxue bing bu shifen qingyuan de jigshou le wii de jianyi: Dao y6u ChaoxiBnyir kt?, zuoluo zai Feicheng shiq0 de Binzhau Daxue qu, qing yi wei jiao ChaoxiSlnyO de jiaosh~uggi tB kZii zhengming. W6 zhidao we meiy6u shuifii na wei tongxue. Wb zhi jir le lizi, meiyou tichD hen h8o de liyou. Lieng nian du6 lai, wb changchang zu6rno zhe ge wenti, zhbngyli huangran da wir. Yi ge Hanzi zhi shi yi ge danger flihao. Xiang biede danger fuhao (bZtokuo girding de bishbushi) yiyang, yi ge HBnzi zai m6u zhbng qingkuang xia, zhi biaoshi yi ge ybuxian de yuanshi yiyi. R6gub zhe zMng fuhao de shirliang bC guofen piing& xueqiai bing b" name k"nn6n. Mgigu6 zhirrning de da(h6i)xingxing KgkE! jiu zh8ngwo ie wGb5i dub ge bish6ushi de flihao, yonglai xiang tZi de xunlian renyuan bigoda tB de yuanwang he ggnjue. KBkE! xue de bh shi Hhnzi, dgnshi Kgkg zhZingw6 de f~jhho,z8i jiaoliii ji8nd8n de yuanshi yisi shang, zuoybng g6n xiangdui de wirbii duo ge danger Hanzi que hgn leis]. t Yinwei mgi yT ge danger fuhao biaoda de yiyi hgn ybuxian, hgn yuanshi, jiir bixir jiezhu biede tiaojian cO neng chuanda bijiao firza de neirong. Zai yingybng wenzi fgngmian, wbmen bix0 yong wi5men shbxi de yUyan bZi danger wenzi fGhao zGzhT qilai, pailiecheng cihui, jirzi, he pianzhang. Jibian shi xiang Hanzi SchnftfBd~n?:&says iri Honor of John DeFrnncis zheyang lishi y6ujifi de fuhao yE! bixU ykao yi zhbng yiryan, cai neng bsitui, danger fuhao de joshu, jinrir wenzi de lingyu. Huan ju hua shu6, Hanzi bixo yTkao HanyG, Riyfi, Chaoxianyir, Yuenanyir huozhg gGdai Hanyfi (jiu shi Wenyanwen) cai neng cong tutengshi de danger kfuhao chfijing li z5uchOlai, chengwei jiezhu yGyan Iai bigoda sixigng ggnqing de xigzuo gbngjG. Liiing nian dub yiqian, w6 zhi zhidao w6 bG neng gGi na wei xu6 Hanzi de ChaoxiBn tongxue kiii renhe yfiwen zhengming, danshi bu zhenzheng mingbai daoli. Xianzai w6 mingbai le. WT, bu neng kai, ylnwei w6 neng yong de gbngju zhi shi jib% ge yiyi yuanshi de danger Hanzi. Mei ybu gongtong yGyan, na wei.. tongxue g8n w6 jiu xiang ligng zhi xuehui le jib5i ge Hanzi de dkingxing. W6men jiaolili de shuiping tingdun z&i yingyong danger fuhao de jieceng, bir neng jinxing zhenzheng de yirwen hubdbng. Zai zhe zhhg qingkuang xia, w6 neng wei tB zhengming shenme? Zhe y6 shuaming, zuowei danger flihao, Hanzi suiran bi8oyi, que bu tebie bi2oyi.
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