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A CATALOG OF THE COLEÓPTERA OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO

FAMILY: LANGURIIDAE

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jSii- UNITED STATES AGRICULTURE PREPARED BY ítAjiYj DEPARTMENT OF HANDBOOK AGRICULTURAL ■<:^P' AGRICULTURE NUMBER 529-92 RESEARCH SERVICE * -•

FAMILIES OF COLEóPTERA IN AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO

Fascicle ' Family Year issued Fascicle ' Family Year issued Fascicle ' Family Year issued

1 Cupedidae 1979 45 Chelonariidae __ 98 Endomychidae __ 2 Micromalthidae - 1982 46 Callirhipidae __ 100 Lathridiidae 3 Carabidae 47 Heteroceridae - - 1978 102 Biphyllidae 4 Rhysodidae 48 Limnichidae 103 Byturidae 5 Amphizoidae ___ --- 49 _ Dryopidae _ _ 1983 104 M ycetophagidae 6 Haliplidae 50 Elmidae 105 Ciidae 1982 8 Noteridae 51 Buprestidae 107 Prostomidae 9 Dytiscidae 52 _ Cebrionidae 109 Colydiidae 10 Gyrinidae 53 _ -Elateridae _ _ . 13 Sphaeriidae 54 Throscidae 110 Monommatidae 14 Hydroscaphidae 55 Cerophytidae __ 111 Cephaloidae 15 56 Perothopidae __ 112 Zopheridae 16 Hydrophilidae __ 57 Eucnemidae __ 115 Tenebrionidae _ _ 17 Georyssidae 58 Telegeusidae _-. 116 Alleculidae 18 Sphaeritidae 61 Phengodidae __ 117 Laeriidae 20 Histeridae 62 _ Lampyridae 118 Salpingidae _ 21 Ptiliidae 63 Cantharidae 119 Mycteridae 22 Limulodidae 64 Lycidae 120 Pyrochroidae _ — 1983 23 Dasyceridae 65 __. 121 Othniidae 24 Micropeplidae _. 66 Nosodendridae _. 122 Inopeplidae 25 -_Leptinidae 67 Dermestidae 123 Oedemeridae - 26 Leiodidae 69 Ptinidae 124 Melandryidae __ 27 Scydmaenidae __ 70 Anobiidae ___ 1982 125 Mordellidae 28 Silphidae 71 Bostrichidae 126 Rhipiphoridae __ 29 Scaphidiidae 72 Lyctidae 127 Meloidae 30 Staphylinidae 74— -Trogositidae 128 Anthicidae 31 Pselaphidae 76 Cleridae 129 Pedilidae 32 Lucanidae 78____Melyridae 130 Euglenidae 33 Passalidae 79 131 Cerambycidae __ ^ 34 Scarabaeidae ___ 81 Sphindidae 132 Bruchidae 35 Eucinetidae 82 Nitidulidae 133 Chrysomelidae __ 36 Helodidae 83 Rhizophagidae _. 134 Nemonychidae __ 37 86 Cucujidae 135 Anthribidae 38 Dascillidae 90 Cryptophagidae . 138 Allocorynidae _. 39 Rhipiceridae 92 Languriidae 1983 140 Brentidae 40 Byrrhidae 93 141 Platypodidae ___ 1979 41 Psephenidae 1983 94 Phalacridae 142 Scolytidae 42 Brachypsectridae 95 Cerylonidae 1982 143 Curculionidae 43 Artematopidae __ 96 Corylophidae __. 144 Stylopidae 44 __ 97 Coccinellidae __. 145 Fossil Coleóptera

' Missing numbers are those assigned in the computer program to families not found in the United States and Canada.

For salo by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Qovemment Printing Office, Wtehingtoa, D.C. 20402 A CATALOG OF THE COLEÓPTERA OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO

FAMILY: LANGURIIDAE

BY J. F. LAWRENCE DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY, CSIRO CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA and P. VAURIE

USDA, National Agricultural Library NALBIdg 10301 Baltimore Blvd Beltsvilie, MD 20705-2351

/^^x UNITED STATES AGRICULTURE PREPARED BY '-^ ^il; DEPARTMENT OF HANDBOOK AGRICULTURAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER 529-92 RESEARCH SERVICE

May 1983

FOREWORD

Many species of are important pests of agricultural crops, stored food products, forests, wood products and structures, and fabrics. Many other species, in contrast, are beneficial in the biological sup- pression of pest and weeds, as well as in the decomposition of plant detritus, carcasses, and dung. Part of our national responsibility to American agriculture is to provide correct identification of species of American beetles so that appropriate controls can be applied. Most information about animal species, whether agricuhural, biological, or experimental, is filed under the species' scientific names. These names are therefore the keys to retrieval of such information. Because some species have been known by several names, a complete listing of these names for each species is neces- sary. For the user of scientific names, an up-to-date taxonomic catalog providing currently accepted names and pertinent bibliographic and distributional data is an indispensable tool. Although taxonomic literature is constantly changing to reflect current work, the traditional published taxonomic catalog remains static with updating left to the individual user until it is revised. Production of catalogs in the past has been laborious with long printing delays resulting in data that are obsolete before being published. However, the computer now provides the capabihty of storing, updating, and retrieving taxonomic data; rapid publica- tion through computer-driven typesetting machinery; and a greater degree of currentness and flexibility. All 124 fascicles in this catalog of the beetles of America north of Mexico are produced by an original group of computer programs, designed and written during a pilot project by personnel of the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, and the Communications and Data Services Divi- sion, Science and Education Management Staff. The published information is stored on computer tape, is updated periodically to reflect taxonomic progress in the family, and is available in a data base for computer searching.

T. B. Kinney, Jr, Administrator Agricultural Research Service

PREFACE The Coleóptera, or beetles, are represented in the world by about 220,000 described species, of which about 24,000 occur in the United States and Canada. A comprehensive taxonomic catalog of beetles for this area has not been available except the series of world-based "Coleopterorum Catalogus" volumes ( 1909-present, Junk, Berlin). The Leng ^'Catalogue of the Coleóptera of America North of Mexico" (J. D. Sherman, Jr., Mt. Vemon, NY), which was published in 1920 with supplements to the end of 1947, is a checklist. However, it has served professional and amateur alike for nearly 60 years as the principal source of scientific names of beetles. Since 1947, many new taxa have been described and many changes in status and nomenclature have appeared in numerous scattered publications, but little effort has been made to summarize these changes. This catalog will supplant the Leng catalog and supply additional essential information. It is produced by an original suite of storage, retrieval, and printing programs written especially for automated taxonomic catalogs. The catalog for each family is published as a separate fascicle with its introductory text, bibliography, and index. Each family is numbered as listed, but the order of issuance of fascicles is not necessarily in numerical sequence. The publishing of separate fascicles makes data available shortly after they are assembled. Computer tapes for each fascicle are maintained for updating and necessary reprinting. The information on each family is the responsibility of the respective author or authors. The editors modify it only to correct obvious errors and to make it conform to the requirements of the computer programs. No original proposal for a new name, taxon, status, or classification is given, such data having been previously published, but new host and distributional data are often listed. The rules of "The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature" are followed. The geographic scope of this catalog includes the continental United States, Canada, Alaska, Greenland, and the associated continental islands. Names of taxa found only in other regions are excluded. If the range of a species extends outside these geographic limits, this fact is indicated. Inside the back cover is a map of the 12 faunal regions based on historical and faunal criteria to simplify distribution recordings. Two-letter Postal Service style abbreviations are used for States and Provinces, and faunal regions are indicated in each distribution record by a diagonal line between groups of abbreviations. It is not the purpose of this catalog to present a complete scheme of higher classification within the order. The familial makeup is somewhat intermediate between that of R. H. Arnett in "The Beetles of the United States" (1960-62, Catholic University Press, Washington, DC) and that of R. A. Crowson in "The Natural Classification of the Families of Coleóptera" (1967, Biddies Ltd., Guildford, England). Modifications of these two systems are largely those advocated by J. F. Lawrence based in part on suggestions by taxonomic specialists for certain families. Generic groups and higher categories within the family are arranged phylogenetically as indicated by the author of the particular fascicle, and species group names with their respective synonyms are arranged alphabetically. Names referable to incertae sedis and nomen dubium are listed separately at the end of the nearest applicable taxon with notations as to their status. Each available name is followed by its author, date proposed, and page number referring to the complete bibliographic citation containing the original description. Following each generic name are

VII the type-species and method of its designation, necessary explanator>' notes, and pertinent references on immature stages, , redescription, ecology, and keys. After the specific name entry are the original (if different from the present placement), type-locality, geographical distribution by State, Province, and broad extralimital units, explanatory notes, pertinent references to immature stages, taxonomy, redescription, and ecology, depository of type-specimen and its sex, and hosts. In addition to the list under the map of faunal regions (back cover), the following abbrevia- tions are used in this catalog:

ABBREVIATIONS, GENERAL

Amer. Bor.—America Borealis Mus.—Museum Amer. Sept.—America Septentrionalis N. Amer.—North America Autom.—Automatic Orig. des.—Original designation C. Amer.—Central America Preocc.—Preoccupied Co.—County S. Amer.—South America Cosmop.—Cosmopolitan Sp.—Species Design.—Designated Subseq. monot.—Subsequent monotypy F.—Female Subsp.—Subspecies Holarc.—Holarctic Taut.—Tautonymy Isl.—Island Univ.—University M.—Male USA—United States of America Mex.—Mexico Var.—Variety Monot.—Monotypy W. Ind.—West Indies

MUSEUMS IN THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES AND CANADA '

AMNH—American Museum of Natural History, FSCA—Florida State Collection, Gainesville New York HAHC—H. & A. Howden Collection, Ottawa, ANSP—Academy of Natural Sciences, Phila- Canada delphia, PA ICCM—Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, PA BYUC—Brigham Young University, Provo, UT INHS—Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana CASC—California Academy of Sciences, San JGEC—J. G. Edwards Collection, San Jose, CA Francisco KMFC—K. M. Fender Collection, McMinnville, CISC—University of California, Berkeley OR CNCI—Canadian National Collections, Ottawa KSUC—Kansas State University, Manhattan CUIC—Cornell University, Ithaca, NY LACM—Los Angeles County Museum, CA CWOB—C. W. O'Brien Collection, Tallahassee, LSUC—Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge FL MCZC—Museum of Comparative Zoology, Har- DHKC—D. H. Kistner Collection, Chico State vard University, Cambridge, MA College, CA MSUC—Michigan State University, East Lansing ELSC—E. L. Sleeper Collection, Long Beach, NCSM—North Carolina State University, Raleigh CA NYSM—New York State Museum, Albany FMNH—Field Museum of Natural History, Chi- OSEC—Oklahoma State University, Stillwater cago, IL OSUC—Ohio State University, Columbus OSUO—Oregon State University, Corvallis

' Abbreviations for U.S. and Canadian museums abridged from Arnett, R. H., Jr., and Samuelson, G. A., 1969, "Di- rectory of Coleóptera Collections of North America (Canada Through Panama)," Cushing-Malloy, Ann Arbor, MI, 123 pp. PMNH—Peabody Museum, Yale University, New SMSH—Stovall Collection, University of Okla- Haven, CT homa, Norman PSUC—Pennsylvania State Museum, University TAMU—Texas A. & M. University, CoUege Park Station PURC—Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN UCDC—^University of California, Davis RUIC—Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ UMMZ—University of Michigan, Ann Arbor SEMC—Snow Museum, University of Kansas, UMRM—University of Missouri, Columbia Lawrence USNM—^U.S. National Museum of Natural His- SJSC—San Jose State College, CA tory, Washington, DC SLWC—S. L. Wood Collection, Provo, UT WSUC—^Washington State University, Pullman

MUSEUMS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

BMNH—British Museum (Natural History), NHRS—Naturhistoriske Riksmuseet, Stockholm NMPC—^Narodni Museum, Prague, Czechoslo- London BPBM—^Bemice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu vakia GUHC—Glasgow University, Hunterian College, SCUT—Spinola College, University of Turin, Scotland Italy HMOX—Hope Museum, Oxford, England SMTD—Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde, HNHM—Hungarian Natural History Museum, Dresden, East Germany UNAM—Universidad Nacional Autónoma, Mexi- Budapest iPZE—Institut Pflanzenschutzforschung Zweig- co City stelle, Eberswalde, East Germany UZMC—University Zoological Museum, Copen- IRSB—Institut Royal Sciences Belgique, Brus- hagen, Denmark sels UZMH—University Zoological Museum, Hel- MFNB—Museum für Naturkunde (Humboldt), sinki, Finland Berlin ZMAS—Zoological Museum, Academy of Sci- MGFT—Museum G. Prey, Tutzing, Munich, ences, Leningrad West Germany ZMPA—Zoological Museum, PoUsh Academy of MHNL—Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Lyon, Sciences, Warsaw France ZMUL—Zoological Museum, University of Lund, MNHP—Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sweden Paris ZMUM—Zoological Museum, University of MNSL—Museum of Natural Sciences, Leipzig, Moscow East Germany ZSBS—Zoologische Sammlung Bayerischen MZBS—Museum Zoologia, Barcelona, Spain Staates, Munich, West Germany IX ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are indebted to many individuals who contributed to the planning and development of this ca- talog. We are especially grateful to the following specialists who helped to make it as complete and accurate as possible: Richard H. Foote, Systematic Entomology Laboratory (SEL), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), for his suggestions, guidance, and encouragement; C. W. Sabrosky SEI for valuable counsel on nomenclatural problems; J. F. l,awrence. Division of Entomology 'com- monwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia, for his recommenda- tions on higher categories; and more than 50 coleopterists in Canada, the United Stales, and Mexico for voluntarily contributing information about their specialty groups. We thank the following members of the Communications and Data Services Division, SEMS" San- dra Strauss and Marianne Kingston for designing and writing the computer programs, and Margaret Seldin for developing the editing system.

J. M. Kingsolver, editor in chief Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service Washington, D.C.

Editorial Board

J. M. Campbell, Biosystematics Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, ON T. L. Erwin, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC H. F. Howden, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON P. J. Spangler, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC T. J. Spilman, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS, Washington, DC R. E. White, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS, Washington, DC

CONTENTS

Family Languriidae - 1 Subfamily Xenoscelinae 2 Tribe Xenoscelini 2 Tribe Loberini 2 Subfamily Toraminae 3 Subfamily Cryptophilinae 3 Tribe Cryptophilini 3 Subfamily Languriinae 4 Tribe Languriini 4 Bibliography y Index j3 Family LANGURIIDAE Crotch, 1873

By J. F. Lawrence and P. Vaurie ^ The Languriidae, as here understood, includes about 85 genera and 875 species, of which 9 and 38, respectively, occur in America north of Mexico. The classification followed is that pro- posed by Sen Gupta and Crowson (Crowson, 1955; Sen Gupta, 1967, 1968a, 1968b; Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1967, 1969, 1971), and several of the groups included are placed in the Cryptopha- gidae by Schenkung (1923) and Arnett (1968). On a world basis, the family contains the follow- ing subfamilies and tribes (with approximate numbers of genera and species in parentheses)- XenosceUnae: Loberonothini (1:2), Xenoscelini (12:30), and Loberini (7:150); Setariolinae (1:1); Toraminae (4:50); Cryptophilinae: Xenoscelinini (1:4) and Cryptophilini (2:17); Languriinae: Thallisellini (2:21), Cladoxenini (5:50), and Languriini (50:550). Xenoscelinae Ganglbauer (1899) has been used instead of Loberinae Bruce (1951) and Pharaxonothini Crowson (1955) since it has priority over both names. The relationships of the Languriidae to other cucujoid families are complex. According to Sen Gupta and Crowson (1971), a definite relationship to the Erotylidae is evident in members of the Xenoscelinae, such as Pharaxonotha, whereas the Australian Lamingtoniidae may repre- sent a link between the languriids and the more primitive clavicorn groups (Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1969). The subfamilies Toraminae and Cryptophilinae, on the other hand, show defi- nite affinities, in both larval and adult characters, to the Propalticidae and to the families making up the cerylonid series (Crowson and Sen Gupta, 1969; Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1971). The similarities between certain languriids and members of the Cryptophagidae are mostly su- perficial. Further information on the interrelationships among the families of Clavicornia is being assembled by R. A. Crowson and T. Sen Gupta. The traditional languriids (Languriinae) were cataloged for the world by Schenkling (1928), and Villiers (1943) presented a detailed account of their external morphology. Species revisions of languriines have usually been restricted to specific political or faunal areas (Arrow, 1925, India; Villiers, 1961, Africa; Vaurie, 1948, North America; Martins and Perreira, 1965, Neotro- pical Region). The remaining subfamilies have been worked by various authors, including T. Casey, N. Bruce, and A. Grouvelle. The North American languriines do not require further re- vision; however, the number of species of Loberas and Toramus should probably be reduced. Languriidae are known from most parts of the world, but they are much more common in tropical regions. Larvae and adults are usually associated with higher plants, feeding on fresh or decomposing stems, leaves, flowers, pollen, and fruits of a variety of angiosperms and cyca- daceous gymnosperms. Languriine larvae have been collected in stems of various herbaceous angiosperms, and certain xenoscelines {Pharaxonotha and Xenocryptus) have been taken in male cycad cones. Pollen grains, as well as plant tissue from Zamia, were found in the gut of a Phar- axonotha floridana . Most Xenoscelinae, Toraminae, and Cryptophilinae probably feed on decaying vegetation and fungal hyphae rather than on fresh plants. Larvae and adults of Lo- beroschema and Empocryptus (Toraminae) were berlesed from rotted flowers in Panama, whereas has been reared from a soft polypore {Polyporus squamosus) heavily in- fested with secondary molds. Larvae of Hapalips and other unidentified loberines have been taken by plant quarantine inspectors from banana leaves and other plant material, but the gut of at least one of these contained numerous hyphae in addition to leaf cells. Pharaxonotha kirs- chii is known as a stored products pest and has been recorded from cotton, corn, maize, wheat, and beans, whereas several Languria species are pests of clover, , and garden vegetables. Larvae of Toraminae, Setariolinae, Cladoxenini, and Thallisellini remain to be described, as do those of the common genus Loberas and many of the well-known languriines.

This manuscript was received January 1976.

'Deceased April 1982. ^ COLEÓPTERA CATALOG Subfamily XENOSCELINAE Ganglbauer, 1899

(Loberinae, Pharaxonothini)

Tribe XENOSCELINI

Genus PHARAXONOTHA Reitter Pharaxonotha Reitter, 1875b: 44. Type-species: Pharaxonotha kirschii Reitter (monot.). Planismus Casey, 1890: 500 (synonymized by Kingsolver, 1973). Type-species: Planismus floridanus Casey (monot.). IMMATURE STAGES: Boeving and Craighead, 1931; Rymer Roberts, 1939. TAXONOMY: Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1967 and 1971. ECOLOGY: Chittenden, 1911; Zacher, 1926; Champion, 1913; Hinton, 1945. floridana (Casey), 1890: 501 (Planismus). FL: Biscayne Bay; FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. zamiae Blake, 1928: 111 (synonymized by Kingsolver, 1973). FL: Homestead. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. IMMATURE STAGES: Rymer Roberts, 1939: 96 (as P. zamiae). kirschii Reitter, 1875b: 44. Troppau (Opava), Silesia (Czechoslovakia); IL/ TX/ Mex., C. Amer Old World. conradti Gorham, 1898: 249 (ThalisellaKsynonymizeá by Champion, 1913). Guatemala: Coban, Vera Paz (sic). IMMATURE STAGES: Boeving and Craighead, 1931: pi. 28. ECOLOGY: Chittenden, 1911. HOST: Cotton bolls, corn meal, edible tubers, stored maize, wheat, beans.

Tribe LOBERINI Bruce, 1951

Genus LOBERUS LeConte Loberus LeConte, 1861: 98. Type-species: Loberus impressus LeConte (subseq. monot.: LeConte, 1863: 70). TAXONOMY: Grouvelle, 1919; Sen Gupta, 1968a. aeratus Bruce, 1953: 785. FL: Lake Worth; FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: BMNH. imbellis Casey, 1900: 83. FL; FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. impressus LeConte, 1863: 70. Middle (Atlantic) states; MN MI/ lA MO IL IN/ NY PA NJ WV VA/ VT MA RI/ FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. ornatus Schaeffer, 1904: 201. TX: Brownsville; TX. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. subglaber Casey, 1900: 83. NJ; NJ. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM.

Genus HAPALIPS Reitter Hapalips Reitter, 1877: 122. Type-species: Hapalips mexicanus Reitter (design, by Sen Gupta, 1968a: 6). IMMATURE STAGES: Rymer Roberts, 1939; Sen Gupta, 1968a. TAXONOMY: Grouvelle, 1919; Bruce, 1951; Sen Gupta, 1968a; Champion, 1913. ECOLOGY: Sen Gupta, 1968a. texanus Schaeffer, 1910: 210. TX: Pt. Isabel; TX. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. LANGURIIDAE 3 Subfamily TORAMINAE Sen Gupta, 1967

Genus TORAMUS Grouvelle Toramus Grouvelle, 1916: 26 (replacement name for Tomaras LeConte not Erichson). Type- species: Tomaras palchellas LeConte (automat.). Tomaras LeConte, 1861: 71 (preoccupied Erichson, 1847: 95). Type-species: Tomaras palchellas LeConte (monot.). Itotomaras Reitter, 1919: 220 (unneeded replacement name for Tomaras LeConte not Erichson). Type-species: Tomaras palchellas LeConte (automat.). TAXONOMY: Sen Gupta, 1967. acutus (Reitter), 1875a: 86 (Tomaras). 'Amer, bor.'; Amer. bor.. bisignatus (Horn), 1895: 239 (Tomaras). Mex.: Baja California, San Jose del Cabo; AZ/ Mex. chamaeropis (Schaeffer), 1904: 202 (Tomaras). TX: Brownsville; TX. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. hirtellus (Schwarz), 1878: 358 (Tomaras). FL: Tampa; FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. obsoletas (Casey), 1900: 85 (Tomaras). AZ: Tucson; AZ. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. pulchellus (LeConte), 1863: 71 (Tomaras). Lake Superior; ON PQ/ IL IN OH/ NY PA NJ MD DC VA/ MA RI/ LA MS AL GA FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. quadrinotatus (Casey), 1924: 187 (Tomaras). NC: Black Mts.; NC. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. ventricosus (Casey), 1924: 188 (Tomaras). NC: Warm Springs, near Asheville; NC. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM.

Subfamily CRYPTOPHILINAE Casey, 1900 Tribe CRYPTOPHILINI

Genus CRYPTOPHILUS Reitter Cryptophilus Reitter, 1874: 381. Type-species: Cryptophagas integer Heer (monot.). IMMATURE STAGES: Rey, 1894 (possible misidentification); Peyerimhoff, 1919; Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1971. TAXONOMY: Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1971. ECOLOGY: Peyerimhoff, 1919; Hinton, 1945; Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1971. fluminalis Casey, 1924: 188. MS: Vicksburg; MS. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. integer (Heer), 1841: 426 (Cryptophagas). Switzerland: Bern; CA/ IN/ PA/ TX/ LA MS AL SC FL/ W. Ind., Old World. frater Grouvelle, 1898: 43 (synonymized by Grouvelle, 1916: 26). Grenada: Soubise (windward side). IMMATURE STAGES: Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1971: 28. HOST: Decaying vegetation, dead grass, Fomes fomentarius, dried figs. seriatus Casey, 1924: 189. MA: Framingham; WI/ lA IL OH/ NY PA/ ME VT MA. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. 4 COLEÓPTERA CATALOG Subfamily LANGURIINAE Crotch, 1873 Tribe LANGURIINI Genus LANGURIA Latreille Languria Latreille, 1802: 209. Type-species: Languria ruficollis Latreille (monot.) bicolor (Fabricius). IMMATURE STAGES: Webster, 1888; Boeving and Craighead, 1931; Rymer Roberts, 1939; Peterson, 1957. TAXONOMY: Vaurie, 1948; Martins and Pereira, 1965. ECOLOGY: Chittenden, 1904; Blatchley, 1910; Vaurie, 1948. angustata (Palisot de Beauvois), 1805: 125, pi. 32, fig. 2 (Trogossita). SC; lA MO IL IN OH/ NY PA NJ DE MD DC WV VA/ TX/ MS AL TN GA SC NC FL. pulchra LeConte, 1854: 159. PA. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. uhlerii Horn, 1862: 188. MD: neighborhood of Baltimore. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. IMMATURE STAGES: Boeving and Craighead, 1931: pi. 28. bicolor (Fabricius), 1798: 50 (Trogosita). N. Amer.; WI MI/ CO/ NE KS IL IN/ NY PA MD DC VA/ RI/ TX OK/ LA MS GA NC FL. thoracica Olivier, 1807: 463, pi. 1, fig. 2. N. Amer. puncticollis Say, 1823: 462. MS. apiciventris Casey, 1924: 177. CO ?. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. IMMATURE STAGES: Rymer Roberts, 1939: 107. californica Fall, 1901: 235. CA: Redondo; CA/ Mex. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. collaris LeConte, 1854: 159. GA; LA GA. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. femoralis Motschulsky, 1860: 242. LA: New Orleans. convexicollis Horn, 1868: 140. CA: Owen's Valley; BC/ CA NV/ UT/ AZ/ Mex. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. interstitialis Casey, 1916: 148. UT. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. HOST: Argemone platyceros var. hispida. denticulata Schaeffer, 1918: 211 (replacement name for apicalis Schaeffer not Motschulsky). TX: Brownsville; TX. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. apicalis Schaeffer, 1904: 198 (preoccupied Motschulsky, 1860). TX: Brownsville. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. HOST: Hubam clover, English pea. discoidea LeConte, 1854: 160. GA; GA SC FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. ECOLOGY: Schwarz, 1878; Watson, 1921; Vaurie, 1948. HOST: Carduus, garden vegetables, sago palm. erythrocephalus Blatchley, 1924: 167. FL: Moore Haven; LA AL FL. irregularis Casey, 1916: 149. Mex.: Puente de Ixtla, Morelos; AZ/ Mex. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. laeta LeConte, 1854: 159. Kansas River; CO/ NE KS MO/ TX/ Mex. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. HOST: Stems of Datura, Argemone platyceros. marginipennis Schwarz, 1878: 357. FL: Cedar Keys; LA FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. HOST: Garden vegetables, sugar cane, Crotalaria spectabilis. LANGURIIDAE 5

mozardi mozardi Latreille, 1807: 66. N. Amer.; WY/ NE KS lA MO IL IN OH KY/ NY PA NJ DE MD DC WV VA/ ME NH VT MA RI CT/ OK/ AR LA MS AL TN GA SC NC FL. apicalis Motschulsky, 1860: 241. PA. IMMATURE STAGES: Wildermuth and Gates, 1920. ECOLOGY: Wildermuth and Gates, 1920; Weed, 1890. HOST: , Medicago sativa, Melilotas officinalis, M. alba, M. hispida. Malva rotundifolia. Campanula americana, wheat grass, marsh grass, timothy, nettles, Compositae. mozardi occidentalis Vaurie, 1950: 191. TX: Uvalde; UT/ AZ TX/ Mex. TYPE DEPOSITORY: CASC. sanguinicollis Chevrolat, 1834b: 93. Mex.: Veracruz; TX/ Mex. taedata LeConte, 1854: 160. NY; NY NJ MD DC/ MA RI CT/ LA. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. rufiventris Motschulsky, 1860: 242. N. Amer. trifasciata Say, 1823: 462. MS; MN MI/ NE KS lA MO IL IN OH KY/ NY PA NJ MD DC VA/ TX/ LA MS SC NC. HOST: Lactuca canadensis. Ranunculus.

Genus ACROPTEROXYS Gorham Acropteroxys Gorham, 1887: 13. Type-species: Acropteroxys caudatus Gorham (orig. des.). TAXONOMY: Vaurie, 1948; Martins and Pereira, 1965. gracilis (Newman), 1838: 390 (Languria). OH: Mount Pleasant; ID/ ON/ CO/ NE KS lA MO IL IN OH KY/ NY PA NJ DE MD DC WV VA/ MA CT/ AZ NM TX/ LA MS TN SC NC/ Mex., C. Amer. inornata Randall, 1838: 49 (Languria). MA. latreillei LeConte, 1854: 160 (Languria). Middle (Atlantic) states. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. nigriceps Motschulsky, 1860: 242 (Languria). TN. obscura Motschulsky, 1860: 243 (Languria). PA. divisa Horn, 1885: 139 (Xan^i/rmXsynonymized by Vaurie, 1974). NM. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC. thoracina Casey, 1916: 150. AZ: Huachuca Mts. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. aztecanus Casey, 1916: 151. Mex.: Puente de Ixtlos, Morelos. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. pertenuis Casey, 1916: 152. Mex.: Puente de Ixtlos, Morelos. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. texana Schaeffer, 1918: 212 (as variety of gracilis). TX: Brownsville. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. ECOLOGY: Chittenden, 1890. HOST: Ambrosia trifida, Urtica dioica, Erigeron, Eupatorium, chicory. lecontei (Crotch), 1873: 351 (Languria). IL; ID/ MT SD/ CO/ NE KS lA IL OH/ NY PA NJ DE MD DC WV VA/ CT/ AZ. TYPE DEPOSITORY: MCZC.

Genus DASYDACTYLUS Gorham Dasydactylus Gorham, 1887: 14. Type-species: Dasydactylus buprestoides Gorham (design by Vaurie, 1948: 146). IMMATURE STAGES: Rymer Roberts, 1939. TAXONOMY: Vaurie, 1948; Martins and Pereira, 1965. cnici Schaeffer, 1904: 200. TX: Brownsville; TX/ Mex. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. HOST: Cnicus virginianus, Baccharis. 6 COLEÓPTERA CATALOG

Genus LANGURITES Motschulsky Langurites Motschulsky, 1860: 243. Type-species: Langurites vitticollis Motschulsky (design, by Vaurie, 1948: 151) lineatus (Laporte). Crotch (1876: 392) designated as type-species Languria lineata Laporte, with all three of Motschulsky's species {vitticollis, vittatus, and infuscatus) listed as junior synonyms. This does not constitute a type designation, since L. lineatus was not originally included in the genus. TAXONOMY: Martins and Pereira, 1965; Vaurie, 1948. lineatus (Laporte), 1832: 412 (Languria). Colombia; AZ/ FL/ Mex., C. Amer., S. Amer. scapularis Chevrolat, 1834a: 69 (Languria). Mex.: Veracruz. infuscatus Motschulsky, 1860: 243. C. Amer. vittatus Motschulsky, 1860: 243. Nicaragua. vitticollis Motschulsky, 1860: 243. Mex. ventralis Crotch, 1876: 392. Mex.: Orizaba. apiciventris Casey, 1916: 147. Mex.: Guerrero. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. superciliatus Casey, 1916: 148. FL. TYPE DEPOSITORY: USNM. supercilians (error) Leng, 1920: 201. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Arnett, R. H. 1968 The beetles of the United States. (A manual for identification). American Entomo- logical Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan, xii and 1112 pp., illus. Arrow, G. J. 1925 The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Coleóptera. Clavicornia. Erotylidae, Languriidae, and Endomychidae. Taylor and Francis, London, xvi and 416 pp., illus. Blake, D. H. 1928 Two new clavicorns from the United States. Psyche, vol. 35, pp. 108-111. Blatchley, W. S. 1910 An illustrated descriptive catalogue of the Coleóptera or beetles (exclusive of the Rhynchophora) known to occur in Indiana with bibliography and descriptions of new species. Bulletin no. 1. Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Re- sources. Indianapolis, Indiana, 1386 pp., illus. Reprinted by Nature Publishing Co. in 1910. Blatchley, W. S. 1924 New Coleóptera from southern Florida with notes on other interesting species. The Canadian Entomologist, vol. 56, pp. 164-170. Boeving, A. G. and F. C. Craighead 1931 An illustrated synopsis of the principal larval forms of the Coleóptera. Entomoló- gica Americana, n. ser., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1-351, illus. Bruce, N. 1951 Cryptophagidae (Coleóptera ). Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mis- sion de G. F. De Witte (1933-1935). Fascicule 75. Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge, Brussels, 26 pp., illus. Bruce, N. 1953 Coleoptera-Cryptophagidae in the British Museum. II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 12, vol. 6, pp. 782-790. Casey, T. L. 1890 Coleopterological notices. II. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 5, pp. 307-504, illus. Casey, T. L. 1900 A review of the American Corylophidae, Cryptophagidae, Tritomidae and Dermes- tidae, with other studies. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, vol. 8, pp. 51-172. Casey, T. L. 1916 Some random studies among the Clavicornia. Memoirs on the Coleóptera, vol. 7, pp. 35-292. Casey, T. L. 1924 Additions to the known Coleóptera of North America. Memoirs on the Coleóptera, vol. 11, pp. 1-347. Champion, G. C. 1913 Notes on various Central American Coleóptera, with descriptions of new genera and species. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1913, pp. 58-169, illus. Chevrolat, L. A. 1834a Coléoptères du Mexique. G. Silbermann, Strasbourg, fase. 3, nos. 47-70. Chevrolat, L. A. 1834b Coléoptères du Mexique. G. Silbermann, Strasbourg, fase. 4 (part), nos. 71-94. ^ COLEÓPTERA CATALOG Chittenden, F. H. 1890 Notes on Languria. Life. Devoted to the Economy and Life-Habits of Especially in Their Relations to Agriculture. U. S. Department of Agriculture Division of Entomology. Periodical Bulletin, vol. 2, pp. 346-347. Chittenden, F. H. 1904 Biologic notes on species of Languria. Journal of the New York Entomological So- ciety, vol. 12, pp. 27-30.. Chittenden, F. H. 1911 The Mexican grain (Pharaxonotha kirschi Reitt.). Bulletin. United States Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Entomology. Washington, D.C., n. ser vol. 96, no. 1, pp. 8-13, illus. Crotch, G. R. 1873 Synopsis of the Erotylidae of boreal America. Transactions of the American Ento- mological Society, vol. 4, pp. 349-358. Crotch, G. R. 1876 A revision of the coleopterous family Erotylidae. Cistula Entomológica, vol. 1, pp.

Crowson, R. A. 1955 The natural classification of the families of Coleóptera. Nathaniel Lloyd & Co London, 187 pp., illus. Crowson, R. A. and T. Sen Gupta 1969 The systematic position of Propalticidae and of Carinophloeus Lefkovitch (Coleóp- tera Clavicornia) with description of a new species oí Propalticus and of its sup- posed larva. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London Series B Taxonomy, vol. 38, pp. 132-140. Erichson, G. F. 1847 Conspectus insectorum coleopterorum, quae in República Peruana observata sunt Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte, vol. 13, pp. 67-185. Fabricius, J. C. 1798 Supplementum entomologicae systematicae. Prost and Storch, Hafnia, 572 pp. Fall, H. C. 1901 List of the Coleóptera of southern California with notes on habits and distribution and descriptions of new species. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, vol. 8, pp. 1-282. Ganglbauer, L. 1899 Die Kaefer von Mitteleuropa. Die Kaefer der oesterreichisch-ungarischen Monar- chie, Deutschlands, der Schweiz, sowie der franzoesischen und italienischen Al- pengebietes. Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien, Dritter Band, erste Haelfte. Familien- reihe . 2 Theil, 408 pp., illus. Dritter Band, zweite Haelfte Fami- henreihe Clavicornia. Pp. iii and 409-1046, illus. Gorham, H. S. 1887 Erotylidae (part). In Biología Centrali-Americana, Insecta. Coleóptera. F Godman and O. Salvin, eds. R. H. Porter, London, vol. 7, pp. 1-48. Gorham, H. S. 1898 Coccinellidae (part) and supplement to Erotylidae (part). In Biología Centrali- Americana, Insecta. Coleóptera. F. Godman and O. Salvin, eds. R H Porter London, vol. 7, pp. 241-256. * Grouvelle, A. 1898 Clavicornes de Grenada et de St. Vincent (Antilles) récoltes par M H H Smith et appartenant au Musée de Cambridge. Notes from the Leyden Museum vol 20 pp. 35-48. ' * ' ■.^^

LANGURIIDAE 9

Grouvelle, A. r • ^ c^ - ^ 1916 Mémoires entomologiques. Etudes sur les Coléoptères. Premier fascicule, bociete Entomologique de France, Paris, 80 pp. Grouvelle, A. 1919 Mémoires entomologiques. Etudes sur les Coléoptères. Deuxième fascicule. Société Entomologique de France, Paris, 204 pp. Herr, O. 1841 Fauna coleopterorum Helvetica. (Pars 1, fase. 3). Turici, impensis Orelli, Fusslini et sociorum, pp. 361-652. Hinton, H. E. 1945 A monograph of the beetles associated with stored products. British Museum (Nat- ural History), London, viii and 443 pp. Horn, G. H. 1862 Description of some new North American Coleóptera. Proceedings of the Entomo- logical Society of Philadelphia, vol. 1, pp. 187-188. Horn, G. H. 1868 New species of Coleóptera from the Pacific district of the United States. Transac- tions of the American Entomological Society, vol. 2, pp. 129-140. Horn, G. H. 1885 Contributions to the coleopterology of the United States. (No. 4). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, vol. 12, pp. 128-162. Horn, G. H. 1895 Coleóptera of Baja California (Supplement I). Proceedings of the California Acade- my of Sciences, ser. 2, vol. 5, pp. 225-259, illus. Kingsolver, J. M. 1973 New synonymy in Languriidae (Coleóptera). Proceedings of the Entomological So- ciety of Washington, vol. 75, p. 247. Laporte, F. L. de 1832 Mémoire sur cinquante espèces nouvelles ou peu connues d'insectes. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, vol. 1, pp. 386-415. Latreille, P. A. 1802 Histoire naturelle, genérale et particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. Ouvrage faisant a Thistoire naturelle genérale et particulière, composee par Leclerc de Buffon, et rédigée par C. S. Sonnini, membre de plusiers sociétés savantes. Fa- milles naturelles des genres. Dufart, Paris, vol. 3, 468 pp., illus. Latreille, P. A. 1807 Genera crustaceorum et insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias dis- posita, iconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata. Tomus 3. Koenig, Paris, 258 pp. LeConte, J. L. 1854 Synopsis of the Erotylidae of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, vol. 7, pp. 158-163. LeConte, J. L. 1861 Classification of the Coleóptera of North America. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Part I (part). Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, vol. 3, pp. 1- 208. LeConte, J. L. 1863 New species of North American Coleóptera. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institu- tion. Part I (part). Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, no. 167, pp. 1-86. Leng, C. W. 1920 Catalogue of the Coleóptera of America, north of Mexico. Sherman, Mt. Vernon, N. Y., 470 pp. 10 COLEÓPTERA CATALOG Martins, U. and F. S. Pereira 1965 Revisao dos Languriinae neotropicais (Coleóptera, Languriidae). Arquivos de Zoolo- gía do Estado de Sao Paulo, vol. 13, pp. 139-300. Motschulsky, V. von 1860 Coléoptères rapportes de la Sibérie orientale et notamment des pays situées sur les bords du fleuve Amour par MM. Schrenck, Maack, Ditmar, Vaznessenski etc. In Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande in dem Jahren 1854-1856 im Auftrage der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg ausgefuehrt und in Verbindung mit mehren Gelehrten. L. Schrenck, ed. Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, St. Petersburg, vol. 2, pp. 77-257. Newman, E. 1838 Entomological notes. The Entomological Magazine, vol. 5, pp. 372-402. Olivier, A. G. 1807 Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des insectes, avec leurs caracteres génériques et spécifiques, leur descriptions, leur synonymie, et leur figure enluminée. Coléop- tères. Desray, Paris, vol. 5, no. 88, pp. 461-464. Palisot de Beauvois, A. M. 1805 Insectes recueillis en Afrique et en Amérique. Paris, pp. 1-276. Peterson, A. 1957 Larvae of insects. An introduction to nearctic species. Part II. Coleóptera, Diptera, Neuroptera, Siphonaptera, Mecoptera, Trichoptera. Peterson, Columbus, Ohio, 416 pp. Peyerimhoff, P. de 1919 Quelques Coléoptères phytophages du Nord-Africain (troisième serie). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, vol. 88, pp. 169-258. Randall, J. W. 1838 Descriptions of new species of coleopterous insects inhabiting the state of Massa- chusetts. Boston Journal of Natural History, vol. 2, pp. 34-52. Reitter, E. 1874 Beitrag zur Kenntniss der japanesischen Cryptophagiden. Verhandlungen der Kai- serlich-Koeniglichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, vol. 24, pp. 379-382. Reitter, E. 1875a Beitrag zur Kenntniss der aussereuropaeischen Cryptophagidae. Coleopterolo- gische Hefte, vol. 13, pp. 73-87. Reitter, E. 1875b Revision der europaeischen Cryptophagiden. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 1-86. Reitter, E. 1877 Hapalips, neue Gattung der Rhizophagidae. Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereines in Bruenn, vol. 15, pp. 122-128. Reitter, E. 1919 Coleopterologische Notizen. Entomologische Blaetter, vol. 15, p. 220. Rey, C. 1894 (Descriptions of the larva of Heer). Bulletin des Seances et Bulletin Bibliographique de la Société Entomologique de France, 1893, pp. cccxxix-cccxxx. Rymer Roberts, A. W. 1939 On the taxonomy of Erotylidae (Coleóptera), with special reference to the morpho- logical characters of the larvae. The Transactions of the Royal Entomological So- ciety of London, vol. 88, pp. 89-118. 1^^

LANGURIIDAE H

Say, T. 1823 Descriptions of coleopterous insects collected in the late expedition to the Rocky Mountains, performed by order of M. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the com- mand of Major Long. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadel- phia, vol. 3, pt. 2, pp. 238-282, 298-331, 403-462. Schaeffer, C. F. 1904 New genera and species of Coleóptera. Journal of the New York Entomological So- ciety, vol. 12, pp. 197-236. Schaeffer, C. F. 1910 New clavicorn Coleóptera. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, vol. 18, pp. 210-216. Schaeffer, C. F. 1918 Miscellaneous coleopterological notes and descriptions. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, vol. 26, pp. 211-214. Schenkung, S. 1923 Cryptophagidae. In Coleopterorum catalogus auspiciis et auxilio W. Junk editus a S. Schenkung. Junk, Berlin, pt. 76, (vol. 15), 92 pp. Schenkung, S. 1928 Languriidae. In Coleopterorum catalogus auspiciis et auxilio W. Junk editus a S. Schenkung. Junk, Berlin, pt. 10, (vol. 15), 40 pp. Schwarz, E. A. 1878 The Coleóptera of Florida. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 17, pp. 353-472. Descriptions of new species by E. A. Schwarz, pp. 354-372. Additional descriptions of new species by J. L. LeConte, pp. 373-434. A list of species by E. A. Schwarz, pp. 434-472. Sen Gupta, T. 1967 A new subfamily of Languriidae (Coleóptera) based on four genera, with a key to the species of Toramus. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Series B. Taxonomy, vol. 36, pp. 167-176. Sen Gupta, T. 1968a Review of the genera of the tribe Loberini (Coleóptera: Languriidae). Breviora, no. 303, 27 pp. Sen Gupta, T. 1968b Revision of the genera of Cladoxenini (Cladoxeninae Arrow) and Thallisellini trib. nov. of the family Languriidae (Coleóptera: Clavicornia). Journal of Natural His- tory, vol. 2, pp. 463-475. Sen Gupta, T. and R. A. Crowson 1967 The systematic position of Eicolyctus Sahlberg (Coleóptera: Languriidae). Proceed- ings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Series B. Taxonomy, vol. 36, pp. 87-93. Sen Gupta, T. and R. A. Crowson 1969 On a new family of Clavicornia (Coleóptera) and a new genus of Languriidae. Pro- ceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Series B. Taxonomy, vol. 38, pp. 125-131. Sen Gupta, T. and R. A. Crowson 1971 A review of classification of the family Languriidae (Coleóptera: Clavicornia) and the place of Languriidae in the natural system of Clavicornia. Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 1-42. Vaurie, P. 1948 A review of the North American Languriidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, vol. 92, no. 3, pp. 119-156. 12 COLEÓPTERA CATALOG

Vaurie, P. 1950 A western race of Languria mozardi (Coleóptera: Languriidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, vol. 26, pp. 191-192. Vaurie, P. 1974 Synonymy in Acropteroxys gracilis Newman (Coleóptera, Languriidae). The Coleop- terists Bulletin, vol. 28, no. 3, p. 108. Villiers, A. 1943 Etude morphologique et biologique des Languritae. Publications du Museum Na- tional d'Histoire Naturelle, no. 6, 98 pp., illus. Villiers, A. 1961 Revision des Coléoptères Languriides africains. Annales Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren. Serie in 8. Sciences Zoologiques, no. 98, 385 pp. Watson, J. R. 1921 A food plant of Languria discoidea Lee. The Florida Entomologist, vol. 4, pp. 40-41. Webster, F. M. 1888 The larva of the clover stem borer, Languria Mozardi Latr., as a gall maker. Insect Life. Devoted to the Economy and Life-Habits of Insects, Especially in Their Relations to Agriculture. U. S. Department of Agriculture. Division of En- tomology. Periodical Bulletin, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 119-120, illus. Weed, C. M. 1890 On the life-history of the clover stem borer {Languria mozardi). Bulletin of the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, ser. 2, vol 3, pp. 235-238, illus. Wildermuth, V. L. and F. H. Gates 1920 Clover stem-borer as an alfalfa pest. Bulletin. United States Department of Agri- culture, no. 889, 25 pp., illus. Zacher, F. 1926 Schaedlinge in Guatemala-Mais. Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft fuer Vorratsschutz, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 45-47, illus. T-

INDEX

Names are indexed as follows: Itotomarus Reitter 3 CAPITALS: All names for taxa above the generic kirschii Reitter, Pharaxonotha 2 level; laeta LeConte, Languria 4 Boldface: Valid generic and subgeneric names; Languria Latreille 4 Roman: Valid specific and subspecific names; LANGURIINAE 4 Italic: All invalid names such as synonyms, nomina LANGURIINI 4 nuda, and extra-limital taxa even though valid. Langurites Motschulsky 6 Parentheses around an author's name indicate that latreillei (LeConte), Acropteroxys 5 the specific name has been transferred from its original lecontei (Crotch), Acropteroxys 5 genus. The generic name following the author's name in- lineatus (Laporte), Langurites 6 dicates the present placement of the species. Synonyms LOBERINI 2 of species-group names are listed with the original spell- Loberus LeConte 2 ing. marginipennis Schwarz, Languria 4 Acropteroxys Gorham 5 mozardi Latreille, Languria 5 acutus (Reitter), Toramus 3 nigriceps (Motschulsky), Acropteroxys 5 aeratus Bruce, Loberus 2 obscura (Motschulsky), Acropteroxys 5 angustata (Palisot de Beau vois), Languria 4 obsoletus (Casey), Toramus 3 apicalis Motschulsky, Languria 5 occidentalis Vaurie, Languria 5 apicalis Schaeffer, Languria 4 ornatus Schaeffer, Loberus 2 apiciventris Casey, Languria 4 pertenuis Casey, Acropteroxys 5 apiciventris Casey, Langurites 6 Pharaxonotha Reitter 2 aztecanus Casey, Acropteroxys 5 Planismus Casey 2 bicolor (Fabricius), Languria 4 pulchellus (LeConte), Toramus 3 bisignatus (Horn), Toramus 3 californica Fall, Languria 4 pulchra LeConte, Languria 4 chamaeropis (Schaeffer), Toramus 3 puncticollis Say, Languria 4 cnici Schaeffer, Dasydactylus 5 quadrinotatus (Casey), Toramus 3 collaris LeConte, Languria 4 rufiventris Motschulsky, Languria 5 conradti (Gorham), Pharaxonotha 2 sanguinicollis Chevrolat, Languria 5 convexicollis Horn, Languria 4 scapularis (Chevrolat), Langurites 6 CRYPTOPHILINAE 3 seriatus Casey, Cryptophilus 3 CRYPTOPHILINI 3 subglaber Casey, Loberus 2 Cryptophilus'Reitter 3 supercilians 6 Dasydactylus Gorham 5 superciliatus Casey, Langurites 6 denticulata Schaeffer, Languria 4 taedata LeConte, Languria 5 discoidea LeConte, Languria 4 texana Schaeffer, Acropteroxys 5 divisa (Horn), Acropteroxys 5 texanus Schaeffer, Hapalips 2 erythrocephalus Blatchley, Languria 4 thoracica Olivier, Languria 4 femoralis Motschulsky, Languria 4 thoracina Casey, Acropteroxys 5 floridana (Casey), Pharaxonotha 2 Tomarus LeConte 3 fluminalis Casey, Cryptophilus 3 frater Grouvelle, Cryptophilus 3 TORAMINAE 3 gracilis (Newman), Acropteroxys 5 Toramus Grouvelle 3 Hapalips Reitter 2 trifasciata Say, Languria 5 hirtellus (Schwarz), Toramus 3 uhlerii Horn, Languria 4 imbellis Casey, Loberus 2 ventralis Crotch, Langurites 6 impressus LeConte, Loberus 2 ventricosus (Casey), Toramus 3 infuscatus Motschulsky, Langurites 6 vittatus Motschulsky, Langurites 6 inornata (Randall), Acropteroxys 5 vitticollis Motschulsky, Langurites 6 integer (Heer), Cryptophilus 3 XENOSCELINAE 2 interstitialis Casey, Languria 4 XENOSCELINI 2 irregularis Casey, Languria 4 zamiae Blake, Pharaxonotha 2 13 Si îîSi^^^

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