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United Nations Improvised Explosive Device Disposal Standards

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United Nations Improvised Explosive Device Disposal Standards Document Reference No. 2018.05 United Nations Improvised Explosive Device Disposal Standards May 2018 ___________________________________________________________________ United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS) Email: [email protected] Website: www.unmas.org Scope The United Nations Improvised Explosive Device Disposal (IEDD) Standards have been developed to fill a gap in the technical guidance required to respond to the expanding and increasingly complex problem of IEDs. IEDs impede humanitarian access as well as other UN operations and impact on civilians, United Nations personnel and clearance organizations. In all areas of its IED response, the United Nations requires a safe, cost-effective and coherent approach to IED disposal. The United Nations has a duty of care to ensure that those entrusted with the task of IED disposal have a competent and practical standard to reference to protect their own lives and ensure operational and cost effectiveness. The United Nations IEDD Standards are of a technical nature; they are for use by IED disposal operators and for the organizations and units that employ them under the auspices of the United Nations. For Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Units deployed in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations, the IEDD Standards outline the competencies required by individuals to meet the collective unit requirements set forth in the United Nations EOD Unit Manual. For commercial and non-governmental organizations contracted by the United Nations, these Standards provide the basis for evaluation of the contractors Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for IED disposal operations where the context or mandate objective is not humanitarian. In today’s asymmetric environment, and the multi-dimensional nature of Mission activities, the United Nations must be prepared to respond safely and in a timely, cost- effective manner to IED threats before well-defined humanitarian space emerges. The International Mine Action Standards (IMAS) provide the framework for humanitarian response of all explosive devices cleared under humanitarian conditions in strict compliance with humanitarian principles. The elaboration of these IEDD Standards has been coordinated by the United Nations Mine Action Service, supported by the Office of Military Affairs of the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations, and with the technical advice of national experts having specific expertise in IED threat mitigation. This process also involved extensive outreach and consultations with experts from the mine action sector to incorporate best and most current practices, wherever applicable. The IEDD Standards have been developed without prejudice to the scope and definitions provided in the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention and the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. These IEDD Standards are intended for use by the United Nations. Member States may also choose to refer to them in the development of national policies and practices. 3 CONTENTS PREFACE ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 SCOPE .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 1 ................................................................................................................................................ 10 INTRODUCTION TO IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICE DISPOSAL ................................................... 10 1.1 CONTEXT OF THE IED THREAT ............................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 ROLES AND ACTORS ............................................................................................................................................ 13 1.2.1 IED CLEARANCE ............................................................................................................................................ 14 1.2.1.1 OPEN AREA IED CLEARANCE ....................................................................................................................... 14 1.2.1.2 INFRASTRUCTURE AND URBAN SPACE IED CLEARANCE .......................................................................................... 15 1.2.1.3 PROTECTION - MOBILITY PROTECTION AND IED INCIDENT RESPONSE ...................................................................... 15 1.2.1.4 IED AWARENESS AND RISK EDUCATION ............................................................................................................. 16 1.2.1.5 CAPACITY BUILDING ....................................................................................................................................... 16 1.2.1.6 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................................................... 16 1.3 IEDD FUNDAMENTALS ........................................................................................................................................ 17 1.3.1 IEDD PHILOSOPHY ........................................................................................................................................ 17 1.3.2 IEDD PRINCIPLES .......................................................................................................................................... 18 1.4 PLANNING IEDD CAPABILITY REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................................................. 19 CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................................................................ 23 IEDD PLANNING ........................................................................................................................................ 23 2.1 PLANNING AND THREAT ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................ 23 2.1.1 NATIONAL LEVEL ................................................................................................................................................. 24 2.1.2 AREA LEVEL ....................................................................................................................................................... 25 2.1.3 SCENE LEVEL ...................................................................................................................................................... 26 2.1.4 Flow of Tasks …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27 CHAPTER 3 ................................................................................................................................................ 30 IEDD CAPABILITIES .................................................................................................................................. 30 3.1 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.2 IEDD STRUCTURES ................................................................................................................................................. 31 3.2.1 IEDD TEAM STRUCTURES ............................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.2 IEDD TEAM FUNCTIONAL ROLES ...................................................................................................................... 33 3.2.2.1 BASIC IEDD OPERATOR ............................................................................................................................. 33 3.2.2.2 IEDD ASSISTANT ...................................................................................................................................... 34 3.2.2.3 INTERMEDIATE IEDD OPERATOR ................................................................................................................. 34 3.2.2.4 ADVANCED IEDD OPERATOR ...................................................................................................................... 35 3.2.3 IEDD TEAM CATEGORIES AND ROLES ................................................................................................................ 36 4 3.2.3.1 BASIC IEDD TEAM .................................................................................................................................... 36 3.2.3.2 INTERMEDIATE IEDD TEAM ........................................................................................................................ 37 3.2.3.3 ADVANCED IEDD TEAM ............................................................................................................................. 37 3.2.4 EXTERNAL SUPPORT TO IEDD ..................................................................................................................... 38 CHAPTER 4 ................................................................................................................................................ 40 IEDD TRAINING ......................................................................................................................................... 40 4.1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 40 4.2 MANAGEMENT OF TRAINING ...................................................................................................................................
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