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AAT ID Label Note A breccia marble that consists of large pebbles of black, green, pink, red, gray, purple and bronze; it is noted for its strongly pronounced colors. It is from the Greek aat:300011461 Affricano island of Chios and so has nothing to do with Africa; its name is due to its dusky coloration. Term used in the glass trade for a type of art glass first produced by the New England Glass Company in 1886, characterized by a glossy mottled surface created by first aat:300206142 Agata glass coating the object with metallic stain and then spaatering it with a volatile liquid; the finish is fixed by a light firing. aat:300011573 Alabama Cream An American white marble suitable for sculpture. aat:300011313 Alabama limestone A light tan-gray or nearly white oolitic limestone quarried in Colbert County, Alabama that contains large isolated shells and other fossils. Clay used by potters to produce a natural black or brown glaze on stoneware. It is found near Albany, New York, and is frequently used on salt-glazed stoneware from aat:300010460 Albany slip clay the early 19th century onwards. A bluish gray stone quarried in Virginia; commonly used for building trim and for chemical laboratory tables and sinks; hard varieties employed for stair treads and aat:300011666 Alberene stone flooring. Refers to a type of glass produced in the town of Altare, near Genoa, Italy. The glass industry was established there in the 9th century by glassmakers from Normandy or Flanders. The term particularly refers to glass dating from the 15th century and later that was produced here, or that was made elsewhere based on techniques aat:300263808 Altare glass taught by Altare glassmakers. During this period Altare glassmakers imitated the highly sought-after and secret techniques of Venetian glassmakers, and they spread the secrets to other European centers. Term used in the glass trade for uncased art glass developed by the New England Glass Company in 1883, which varies in shading from light amber to deep ruby, the aat:300206163 Amberina glass ruby areas result when part of the glass is reheated and the gold particles in the glass develop a ruby color. A type of glass manufactured by German-American John Frederick Amelung’s New Bremen Glass Manufactory in Maryland, U.S. between 1784 and ca. 1795. Amelung brought over German craftsmen and sought financial support from German and American businessmen and the U.S. government in establishing a permanent crafts aat:300380220 Amelung glass community. His industry failed after the U.S. Congress rejected Amelung’s request for a loan in 1790. Our understanding of the technique and style of this glass is largely speculative and fragmentary as few examples survive. Variable term referring to an imitation vermilion pigment composed of basic lead chromate, or a lake of synthetic red dye, such as eosin or scarlet dye, on a red base, aat:300311449 American vermilion such as red lead, orange mineral, or chrome red. aat:300011410 Amherst sandstone A stone from Ohio, containing up to 95% silica with 4% aluminum oxide, and colored gray and buff with iron oxides. aat:300379837 Angera stone A fine grain dolomitic limestone, yellow, white, or pink in color, quarried along the eastern shore of Lago Maggiore near Angera in the Lombardy region of northern Italy. A brown to light-gray siliceous sandstone from Aquia Creek in Stafford County, Virginia. It contains rounded, coarse to fine grains of quartz as well as scaatered pebbles aat:300011411 Aquia Creek sandstone and clay pellets as big as 1 inch in diameter; it splits easily in any desired direction. Aquia Creek sandstone was one of the important building stones in early Washington, D.C. A fine grained ferruginous sandstone quarried in Arizona that can be buff, brown, or pink in color; it is one of the most common and inexpensive sedimentary stones aat:300011402 Arizona flagstone used as flagstone. It is strong, abrasion resistant, and has a natural non-slip surface, making it an exceptional flooring material. It is colorfast and can be used indoors or outdoors. Soft red ocher that is a natural mixture of hydrated silicate clays colored with red iron oxide. Since at least the 17th century, it has been used as a foundation for gold aat:300311590 Armenian bole leaf and as a red earth pigment. aat:300010982 Ashbury metal A type of pewter that is a very hard alloy of tin with antimony and zinc, sometimes with copper or other materials. Often used for such items as spoons and snuffboxes. Term used in the glass trade for a type of art glass developed at the Steuben Glass Works with either a purplish, bluish, or golden metallic appearance created by aat:300206172 Aurene glass spraying the glass at the fire with stannous chloride or lead chloride under controlled atmospheric conditions. The original trademarked name for phenol-formaldehyde resin, but now used to refer to a range of different types of plastic. The method for manufacturing the original resin was devised in 1909 by L. H. Baekeland in the United States, and the name Bakelite is a registered trademark of the Union Carbide Corporation. It is a hard, aat:300014544 Bakelite (TM) infusible, and chemically resistant plastic, nonconductor of electricity, and used in electrical appliances, industrial applications, in molding and casting operations, as an adhesive, in paints, and in baked-enamel coatings. aat:300011314 Bangor limestone An oolitic limestone, quarried in Alabama, that is highly valued as a building stone. aat:300011361 Barnack stone Oolitic limestone quarried in the vicinity of Barnack, Cambridgeshire, England; used primarily as a building stone. aat:300011199 Barre granite A type of gray granite quarried in Barre, Vermont, a center of granite quarrying in the U.S. since just after the War of 1812. General term referring to various dammar resins that were formerly shipped under the tradename "Batavia" from Jakarta (formerly Batavia), Indonesia. General term aat:300012925 Batavia dammar referring to various dammar resins that were formerly shipped under the tradename "Batavia" from Jakarta (formerly Batavia), Indonesia. aat:300011315 Batesville marble Limestone from Arkansas, gray or cream colored. The general name for oolitic limestone found extensively in southwestern England, particularly near Bath, hence its name. It is medium or fine-grained and its color aat:300011316 Bath stone ranges from gray to cream. Bath stone has been widely used since the Roman occupation of Britain and was especially popular for English ecclesiastical architecture of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries. aat:300011302 Beer stone Fine textured white limestone quarried in the vicinity of Beer, Devon, England; used primarily as a building stone. aat:300011485 Belgian black marble A dense, hard marble from Belgium, considered the best black marble for carving due to its deep color and lack of veins and streaks. aat:300011719 Belgian block A type of paving stone generally cut in a slightly pyramidal shape, laid with the base of the pyramid down. aat:300378963 Bombay mastic The resin collected in India. aat:300375602 Bordeaux turpentine The raw balsam of the French Maritime pine tree, Pinus pinaster. It is used to produce the distilled "Burgundy turpentine" and "Burgundy pitch," which is not distilled. aat:300178756 Botticino marble An Italian marble which can either be dark cream, light cream with brown markings, or light brown with whitish patches. Refers to pink or reddish topaz, usually having been produced by exposing yellow Brazilian topaz to moderate heat, causing it to turn pink. The term may also refer to aat:300266269 Brazilian ruby (mineral) the extremely rare naturally occurring pink or red topaz. The non-distilled residue created from the creation of Burgundy turpentine, which is the steam distillation of the balsam from the French Maritime pine tree, Pinus aat:300012896 Burgundy pitch maritinus. Used as a cement and as a coating for bronzes during the Italian Renaissance. Term used in the glass trade for a type of art glass developed by the Mt. Washington Glass Company, shaded from pink to yellow with pink at the top caused by the aat:300206177 Burmese glass presence of gold and uranium. aat:300011318 Caen stone A fine-grained French oolitic limestone that is cream in color and easily carved. A crystal clear, resinous exudate from the Canadian balsam fir, Abies balsamea, native to northeastern North America. Canada balsam was introduced in Europe in the aat:300012897 Canada balsam (resin) 18th century. It was used for as varnish, but was found to bloom in moist conditions and darken with age. It is currently used to permanently mount microscopy specimens and as an adhesive for optical lenses. Its softening point is slightly above room temperature. Coarse grained, veined marble ranging in color from white to salmon-pink, quarried in and around Candoglia, Piedmont, Italy. It is primarily known as the building aat:300379450 Candoglia marble material used for Milan Cathedral. aat:300249587 Carboniferous limestone Limestone from the Carboniferous period from about 345 to 280 million years ago. aat:300400672 Cardiidae (fossils) General denomination for the fossils of certain bivalve molluscs. Distinguished from the family of living cockles comprised of over 200 species. Refers to a type of marble quarried in the area around Carrara, in Tuscany, Italy. It is characterized by a fine, compact grain and varies in color from pure white to aat:300011576 Carrara marble creamy white, sometimes with a bluish tinge; it is a saccharoidal rock that can appear translucent in the finer grades. It has been a favorite stone of sculptors from antiquity to the present, including Michelangelo Buonarotti. Luna marble was the name used in ancient Rome.

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