Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

VOLUME 15 * NUMBER 6 0 JUNE 1979 EDITORIAL BOARD GLADYS L. HOBBY, Editor-in-Chief (1980) JOEL G. FLAKS, Editor (1981) Infectious Disease Research Institute, Livingston, N.J. University ofPennsylvania, Philadelphia WALTER D. CELMER, Editor (1980) EDWARD W. HOOK, Editor (1981) Pfizer Inc., Groton, Conn. University of Virginia, Charlottesville HERBERT L. ENNIS, Editor (1982) LEON H. SCHMIDT, Editor (1979) Roche Institute ofMolecular Biology, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Ala. Nutley, N.J.

Vincent T. Andriole (1981) L. H. Huang (1979) R. W. Rickards (1980) John P. Anhalt (1981) Milton Huppert (1980) Richard Roberts (1979) Donald Armstrong (1980) George Gee Jackson (1980) Richard Root (1980) Robert Austrian (1980) Thomas Jones (1980) Jon E. Rosenblatt (1979) Arthur L. Barry (1980) William J. Jusko (1980) Milton R. J. Salton (1981) John Bennett (1981) Donald Kaye (1979) Merle Sande (1979) Lawrence E. Bryan (1979) Jerome 0. Klein (1979) Jay Sanford (1980) D. Buyske (1980) Vernon Knight (1980) Arthur K. Saz (1979) Yves Chabbert (1980) George S. Kobayashi (1979) F. C. Sciavolino (1979) Royston C. Clowes (1979) Jordan Konisky (1980) Oldrich K. Sebek (1980) C. Glenn Cobbs (1980) Matthew E. Levison (1981) William M. Shannon (1980) Paul S. Cohen (1980) Friedrich C. Luft (1981) John C. Sherris (1979) Naomi Datta (1981) Joan Lusk (1980) Charles Shipman, Jr. (1979) Julian Davies (1979) R. Luthy (1980) Robert W. Sidwell (1981) Lawrence E. Day (1980) Gerald L. Mandell (1980) Walter Siegenthaler (1980) R. Gordon Douglas, Jr. (1980) Gerald Medoff (1980) Sigmund S. Socransky (1980) Theodore Eickhoff (1979) L. Bruce Mellett (1979) P. Frederick Sparling (1981) Arthur English (1980) S. Mitsuhashi (1980) R. Sutherland (1979) David S. Feingold (1981) Robert C. Moellering, Jr. (1979) Vera L. Sutter (1981) Robert Fekety (1981) R. B. Morin (1979) Morton N. Swartz (1979) Robert J. Fitzgerald (1980) Bernard Moss (1981) Clyde Thornsberry (1979) Anthony J. Glazko (1981) John D. Nelson (1980) Ralph Tompsett (1979) Irving H. Goldberg (1979) Harold C. Neu (1980) Hamao Umezawa (1981) Harry Gooder (1979) J. F. Niblack (1980) Donald Van Harken (1979) Jack Gwaltney (1980) T. J. Perun (1980) D. Vazquez (1980) Fred Hahn (1979) Charles A. Plate (1979) Michael Waring (1981) Robert L. Hamill (1979) Burton M. Pogell (1981) John Washington II (1981) Maurice W. Harmon (1981) K. E. Price (1979) Jerry A. Weisbach (1979) Michael Hig8ins (1980) Paul Quie (1980) B. Weisblum (1979) Ronald D. Hill (1979) W. H. G. Richards (1980) Peter G. Welling (1979) Richard Hornick (1980) Mark H. Richmond (1979) Richard Wenzel (1980)

Robert A. Day, Managing Editor Gisella Poliock, Assistant Managing Editor Lorraine Gilbert, Production Editor 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006 EX OFFICIO Edwin H. Lennette, President (1978-1979) Willis A. Wood, President-Elect (1978-1979) J. Mehsen Joseph, Secretary Brinton M. Miller, Treasurer Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ISSN 0066- Second class postage paid at Washington, D.C. 20006, and at 4804), an interdisciplinary publication of the American Society additional mailing offices. for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006, is Made in the United States of America. devoted to the dissemination of knowledge relating to all Copyright i) 1979, American Society for Microbiology. aspects of antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, including All Rights Reserved. cancer chemotherapy. Instructions to Authors are published The code at the top of the first page of an article in this in the January issue each year. Antimicrobial. Agents and journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of Chemotherapy is published monthly, and the twelve numbers the article may be made for personal use, or for personal use are divided into two volumes per year. The nonmember sub- of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, scription price is $65 per year. The member subscription price however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through is $16 per year. Single copies are $6. Correspondence relating the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., P.O. Box 765, Schenec- to subscriptions, reprints, defective copies, availability of back tady, New York 12301, for copying beyond that permitted by issues, lost or late proofs, disposition of submitted manu- Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent scripts, and general editorial matters should be directed to the does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for ASM Publications Office, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, 20006 (area 202 833-9680). for creating new collective works or for resale. Author Index Albert, Daniel M., 775 Fu, Kwung P., 834 Neu, Harold C., 834 An, F., 828 Glotzbecker, Cheryl, 836 Oberg, Bo, 758 Bartlett, Raymond C., 769 Goldman, Peggy L., 802 Beveridge, Terrance J., 820 Goldner, Morris, 820 Pancic, Francis, 813 Brammer, Keith W., 831 Gootz, Thomas D., 783 Park, No-Hee, 775 Brass, Corstiaan, 763 Pavan-Langston, Deborah, 775 Brau, Carmen J., 807 Huhtanen, C. N., 798 Petersdorf, Robert G., 802 Browne, Michael J., 747 Jasty, Venkatanarayana, 813 Sanders, Christine C., 783, 792 Came, Paul E., 813 Sanders, W. Eugene, Jr., 783, 792 Clewell, D. B., 828 Jevons, Sidney, 831 Scudamore, R. Allan, 820 Cobbs, C. Glenn, 807 Shainhouse, J. Zevi, 763 Kelly, Michael T., 754 Smith, Craig R., 780 Damle, S. P., 828 Kuhrt, Michael F., 813 Stevens, David A., 763 Delgado, Dennis G., 807 Dismukes, William E., 807 Lietman, Paul S., 780 Tomich, P. K., 828 Dymicky, M., 798 Lipsky, James J., 780 Watanakunakron, Chatrchai, Eriksson, Bertil, 758 Mazens, Mary F., 769 836 McClean, Sandra L., 775 Welch, David F., 754 Fancher, Marilyn J., 813 Moore, Brian A., 831 AUTHOR INDEX VOLUME 15

Adachi, Yoshikazu, 392 Brau, Carmen J., 807 Daum, Robert S., 415 Adriaens, P., 315 Breinig, Mary C., 547 DeArmon, Ira A., 420 Agbayani, M. M., 674 Bridgen, Pamela J., 420 Deitch, Marc W., 55 Albers-Schonberg, George, 368 Briedis, Dalius J., 346 Delfini, Carlo, 300 Albert, Daniel M., 775 Brier, Gordon L., 165 Delgado, Dennis G., 807 Albritton, William L., 152, 294 Brodsky, Barbara, 651, 658 DeStefano, Eugene, 723 Allen, John G., 684 Brook, Itzhak, 342 deWit, Sharon A., 494 An, F., 828 Brorson, John-Erik, 572 Dismukes, William E., 807 Andrews, Gail P., 475 Brouillet, Mary D., 455 Dornbusch, Kathrine, 263 Angehrn, Peter, 1 Brown, Carol, 332 Douglas, R. Gordon, Jr., 269 Anne, J., 315 Brown, M. R. W., 147 Dumon, L., 315 Apelgren, Lynn D., 436 Browne, Michael J., 747 Dymicky, M., 798 Arakawa, Akira, 392 Brunton, James L., 294 Arbaczawski, Joseph, 608 Bryan, L. E., 7 Eary, C. H., 372 Astill, Mark, 204 Buckwold, Frederick J., 152 Egerton, J. R., 372 Aswapokee, Nalinee, 273, 444 Burchall, James J., 428 Eidson, Emerson E., 213 Aswapokee, Prasit, 273 Burg, Richard W., 361 Elion, Gertrude B., 554 Atherton, Frank R., 677, 684, 696 Butler, Thomas, 478 Emmerson, A. M., 497 Audet, Pierre, 738 Buxton, Alfred E., 608 Eriksson, Bertil, 758 Auperin, D., 134 Eriquez, Louis A., 229 Auperin, David, 67 Cadge, B., 670 Evans, H. E., 674 Averett, Devron R., 428 Caloza, Dionisio L., Jr., 119 Eyssen, H., 315 Came, Paul E., 813 Baccanari, David P., 428 Campbell, W. C., 372 Fancher, Marilyn J., 813 Bach, Vinh T., 487 Carrizosa, Jaime, 200, 735 Farmer, James L., 527 Baker, Carol J., 544 Cassone, Antonio, 300 Farrand, Stephen K., 93 Baker, Edward E., 361 Castaldo, Robert A., 81 Feldman, William E., 240 Barry, A. L., 140 Chaiet, Louis, 368 Field, Hugh J., 554 Bartlett, Raymond C., 475, 769 Chan, Robert L., 258 Fillastre, J. P., 28 Barza, Michael, 50 Cheatle, E. L., 484 Fitch, Coy D., 258 Bell, Stuart J., 384 Chevli, Rekha, 258 Flickinger, M. C., 282 Bell, Susanne E., 554 Christman, Judy L., 452 Flor, James E., 368 Bender, John F., 455 Cifelli, S., 372 Fortner, Clarence L., 455 Benedetto, Arrigo, 300 Clay, Damonda L., 59 Franco, Amalia, 478 Bergeron, Michel G., 635 Cleary, Paul P., 608, 616 Friedman, Stanley A., 384 Bernfeld, Gerald E., 119 Clewell, D. B., 828 Friedman-Kien, Alvin E., 723 Betts, Robert F., 269 Cline, Paul F., 547 Fu, Kwung P., 171, 209, 273, 646, Beveridge, Terrance, J., 182, 820 Cobbs, C. Glenn, 807 834 Bhamjee, A., 670 Colaert, Jan, 535 Biddle, J. W., 243 Cole, Douglas J., 368 Gairola, Chandrachuranand, 42 Bird, Thomas J., 93 Cole, F. Sessions, 415 Ganguly, Rama, 269 Birnbaum, Jerome, 361 Cole, Lucille J., 368 Gaspar, M. N., 470 Black, Henry R., 165 Conrad, Robert S., 59 Gavan, Thomas L., 400 Blair, L. S., 372 Conterato, James P., 346 Gearhart, Pam, 587 Blessing-Moore, Joann, 494 Cooper, M. D., 484 Gerding, Dale N., 608, 616 Bloch, Richard, 46 Coppens, L., 396 Gilbert, P., 147 Bodey, Gerald P., 318, 447, 518 Cox, D. A., 597 Gillett, A. P., 670 Boggs, S., 716 Cozens, R. M., 147 Ginther, Charles L., 522 Bolduc, Cecile, 738 Crumpacker, Clyde S., 642 Glass, L., 674 Bosmans, Eugene, 535 Currie, Sara A., 361 Glew, Richard H., 87 Boulton, Michael G., 332 Curtis, Nigel A. C., 332 Glick, Melvin R., 491 Bowen, William H., 440 Czerwinski, Anthony W., 161 Glotzbecker, Cheryl, 836 Boxall, Mike, 332 Goegelman, Robert T., 368 Brammer, Keith W., 513, 831 Dajani, Adnan S., 436 Gold, Jerome A., 55 Brammer, K. W., 597 D'Amato, Richard F., 229 Goldman, Donald A., 415 Brass, Corstiaan, 763 Damle, S. P., 828 Goldman, Peggy L., 802 AUTHOR INDEX ANTIMICROB. AGENTS CHEMOTHER. Goldner, Morris, 182, 820 Klauber, M. R., 662 481 Gootz, Thomas D., 783 Kleiman, Martin B., 491 McGowan, John E., Jr., 137 Gorbach, Sherwood L., 50 Klein, Frederick, 420 Medoff, G., 716 Goto, Norma, 628 Klein, Richard J., 723 Medoff, Gerald, 452 Greenberg, Richard N., 337 Klemperer, Ruth M., 147 Meheus, Andre, 535 Greenberg, Stephen B., 379 Kobasa, William D., 200, 735 Meier, Anna M., 147 Grieble, Hans G., 93, 50 Kobayashi, G. S., 716 Meingassner, J. G., 254 Groschel, Dieter, 313 Koch, Arthur L., 220 Michel, Jacques, 580 Grose, William E., 447 Kong, Yu-Lin, 361 Miller, Brinton M., 361 Gross, Gayle H., 220 Koornhof, H. J., 470 Miller, Thomas W., 368 Guerrero, Isabel C., 712 Kotler-Brajtburg, J., 716 Mills, Karen, 313 Gullo, Vincent P., 368 Koup, Jeffrey R., 651, 658 Moellering, Robert C., Jr., 87, 190 Gump, Dieter W., 81 Kowand, S. K., 7 Monaghan, Richard L., 361, 368 Gymer, G. E., 597 Krellwitz, Wilson R., 368 Moore, Brian A., 513, 831 Krueger, G. G., 662 Morahan, Page S., 547 Hall, Michael J., 677, 684, 696 Kudelski, Alicia, 738 Morikawa, Yasushi, 126 Hall, Wendell H., 562 Kuhar, Michael J., 131 Murray, Barbara E., 190 Hanson, Carl Veith, 461 Kuhrt, Michael F., 813 Murray, Byron K., 547 Hartman, Robert, 361 Kumar, K., 674 Murray, Patrick R., 452 Hassall, Cedric H., 677, 684, 696 Kume, Tsuneo, 392 Murray, P. R., 351 Hegarty, C. Paul, 55 Hemmer, Robert J., 34 Lambert, Robert W., 677, 684, Nair, M. G., 730 Henderson, Earl E., 101 696 Nash, Anthony A., 554 Henriksen, Ruby, 152 Landesman, Sheldon H., 50 Nelson, John D., 481 Henry, Matthew J., 603 Landin, P., 134 Neu, Harold C., 171, 209, 273, 444, Holmes, Simon W., 684 Lau, Alan H., 651, 658 646, 834 Holtje, Joachim-Volker, 177 Lawrence, Paul J., 204 Nisbet, Louis J., 684 Hopfer, Roy L., 313 LeBlanc, Barbara M., 318, 518 Nord, Carl Erik, 263 Hughs, Rita A., 608 Leeming, M. R. G., 597 Norrby, Ragnar, 572 Huhtanen, C. N., 798 Leong, John, 384 Notkins, Abner L., 625 Humbert, Guy, 28 Lerner, Stephen A., 630 Nozaki, Yukimasa, 20 Hurley, Laurence H., 42 Leroy, Annie, 28 Lertzman, Joy, 152 Oberg, Bo, 758 Imada, Akira, 20 Levin, Myron J., 642 Obermeyer, Boyd D., 165 Israel, Karen S., 165 Lewis, A. Carter, 337 Ochiai, Keiko, 126 Iwata, Kazuo, 706 Lewiston, N. J., 494 Oei, Tjien O., 491 Lietman, Paul S., 131, 780 Oiwa, Ruiko, 361 Jackson, George Gee, 540 Lipsky, James J., 780 Olexy, Vera M., 93 Jacobs, John Y., 580 Lismont, M. J., 325 Olson, George, 361 Jacobs, M. R., 470 Little, Wayne A., 440 Olsson, Barbro, 263 Jaffe, Harold W., 592 Livingstone, R., 670 Omura, Satoshi, 361 Jasty, Venkatanarayana, 813 Lloyd, William J., 696 Openshaw, Harry, 625 Jemsek, Joseph G., 379 Long, Walter K., 101, 131 Ormond, Robert E., 368 Jevons, S., 597 Loo, Ti Li, 447 Ostlind, D. A., 372 Jevons, Sidney, 513, 831 Love, Lillian J., 455 Ott, John L., 14 Johnsson, Jan, 572 Luft, Friedrich C., 46, 666 Overall, J. C., Jr., 662 Jones, D., 74 Lyons, S. F., 484 Jones, William I., 420 Pahlavanzadeh, Hossein, 540 Joshua, Henry, 368 MacCalman, J., 662 Pancic, Francis, 813 Joyce, J. L., 351 Maccani, James E., 562 Pandey, R. C., 716 MacGregor, Rob Roy, 712 Panwalker, Anand P., 540 Kamay, B., 408 Maclean, Ian, 294 Park, No-Hee, 775 Kammer, R. B., 140 Madsen, Paul O., 465 Parsons, James N., 200 Kandel, Judith S., 568 Mahoney, David F., 14 Pavan-Langston, Deborah, 775 Kaplan, Sheldon L., 544 Mak, Linda L., 131 Pederson, James A., 161 Karube, Isao, 126 Malow, James B., 540 Perlman, D., 282 Kashiwazaki, Mamoru, 392 Martin, John E., Jr., 592 Perry, W., 74 Kaye, Donald, 200, 735 Martin, R. Russell, 379 Petersdorf, Robert G., 802 Keeney, R. E., 484 Mason, Edward O., Jr., 544 Peterson, Bryan C., 616 Kelly, Michael T., 754 Maxwell, Douglas R., 46 Pettit, Diane, 628 Kemawikasit, P., 674 Maybury, Bonnie A., 494 Pickering, Larry K., 587 Kempf, August J., 368 Mazens, Mary F., 475, 769 Piot, Peter, 535 Khan, A. J., 674 McCammon, James R., 356 Putman, Margaret, 379 Kinnamon, Kenneth E., 157 McClean, Sandra L., 775 Putter, Irving, 361, 368 Kitai, Kazuhisa, 392 McCormack, John J., 81 Klastersky, J., 396 McCracken, George H., Jr., 246, Ramos, E., 142 VOL. 15, 1979 AUTHOR INDEX Rane, Dora S., 157 Shah, Pramod P., 346 Van Den Elzen, H. M., 7 Rankin, Laura I., 666 Shainhouse, J. Zevi, 763 Van Der Linden, M. P., 325 Rankin, Laura L., 46 Sherris, J. C., 140 van Dyck, Eddy, 535 Reinhardt, A., 134 Shuster, C. W., 478 Vaudaux, Pierre, 34 Renis, Harold E., 213 Siegel, Jane D., 246 V6zina, Claude, 738 Reuveni, Yaffa, 235 Sirinavin, Sayomporn, 481 Reynolds, Gladys H., 592 Sirisanthana, Thira, 630 Wachsmuth, I. K., 470 Ribecky, Renee, 101 Sisler, Hugh D., 603 Waldman, Robert H., 269 Ricketts, Robert T., 420 Slaughter, Richard L., 651, 658 Waldvogel, Francis A., 34 Riek, R. G., 372 Slee, A. M., 408 Walker, Barry R., 55 Riesser, Valerie N., 356 Sloan, Rebecca S., 46 Wallace, Richard J., Jr., 379 Rinehart, K. L., Jr., 716 Smith, Arnold L., 415 Wallick, Hyman, 361 Ringrose, Peter S., 677, 684, 696 Smith, Craig R., 780 Ward, J. I., 470 Ritter, Dorothy A., 544 Smith, James W., 491 Washington, J. A., 140 Robins-Browne, R. M., 470 Snipes, Wallace, 67 Washington, John A., II., 400 Robson, Hugh G., 346 Snydman, David R., R., 50 Watanabe, Takashi, 504 Rodriguez, Nair, 465 Sonnenwirth, A. C., 351 Watanakunakron, Chatrchai, Ronald, AUan R., 152, 294 Spruance, S. L., 662 836 Rosemond-Hornbeak, Spyker, Daniel A., 28 Waterworth, Pamela M., 497 Hortencia, 730 Stamm, Walter E., 608 Weaver, Susanne S., 318, 518 Rosenblatt, J. E., 351 Stapley, Edward O., 361 Webb, David, 487 Rosenfield, W., 674 Steck, Edgar A., 157 Weed, S. D., 111 Rosenthal, Leonard J., 235 Stern, Timothy A., 568 Welch, David F., 754 Roth, Barbara, 428 Stevens, David A., 763 Welling, Peter G., 465 Roy, Ira, 487 Stringfellow, D. A., 111 Welling, P. G., 670 Rudoy, Raul C., 628 Suhayda, D., 372 White, G. Wesley, 540 Rylander, Margareta, 572 Suzuki, Shuichi, 126 White, John S., 204 Swain, Richard R., 666 Wiernik, Peter H., 455 Sacks, Theodore, 580 Wildy, Peter, 554 Sadowski, Peter L., 616 Tally, Francis P., 50 Wilson, Kenneth E., 368 Saito, Hajime, 504 Tanzer, J. M., 408 Wilson, Samuel Z., 379 Salazar, D., 674 Teller, Lynn, 415 Wise, R., 670 Sample, Harry B., 491 Temple, Matthew J., 420 Wohlenberg, Charles, 625 Sanders, Charles V., 337 Terry, Pamela M., 137 Wolen, Robert L., 165 Sanders, Christine C., 783, 792 Thadepalli, Haragopal, 487 Wolny, James D., 165 Sanders, W. Eugene, Jr., 783, 792 Thayer, James D., 592 Wulf, R. Gary, 59 Sands, J. A., 134 Then, Rudolf L., 1 Sands, Jeffrey, 67, 134 Thomas, Marion L., 246 Yamaguchi, Hideyo, 706 Scalcini, Marcella C., 337 Thomson, Lynn A., 440 Yeager, Anne S., 494 Schaefler, S., 74 Thornhill, D. P., 670 Yoneda, Masahiko, 20 Scheer, E. R., 408 Thornsberry, C., 140, 470 Young, Viola Mae, 455 Schierl, Elizabeth A., 562 Thornsberry, Clyde, 243, 400 Yourassowsky, E., 325 Schimpff, S. C., 142 Threlkeld, Norma, 246 Yu, Pauline K. W., 400 Schimpff, Stephen C., 455 Thurner, J., 254 Yum, Moo Nahm, 46 Schlessinger, D., 716 Timmons, R. F., 142 Schnipper, Lowell E., 642 Tomich, P. K., 828 Zaia, John A., 642 Schoenknecht, F. D., 140 Tomioka, Haruaki, 504 Zaidi, Akbar A., 592 Schoenknecht, Fritz D., 400 Trottier, Sylvie, 635 Ziege, Edgar A., 165 Schroeter, Arnold L., 592 Tunac, Josefino B., 361 Zimelis, Victoria M., 540 Schwartz, Jeffrey L., 123 Turner, J. R., 14 Zoon, Kathryn C., 420 Schwartz, Surya P., 123 Zweighaft, Teresa, 240 Scudamore, R. Alan, 182, 820 Uemura, Herbert, 628 Semar, Richard W., 119 Underwood, G. E., 111 Shadomy, S., 140 Ursi, Jean-Paul, 535 SUBJECT INDEX VOLUME 15

Aciclovir A. calcoaceticus subsp. anitratum (Herellea herpes simplex encephalitis, 775 vaginicola), 190 mice, 775 Aminoglycoside resistance Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratum A. calcoaceticus subsp. anitratum (H. vaginicola), (Herellea vaginicola) 190 aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, 190 Aminoglycosides aminoglycoside resistance, 190 azlocillin, ampicillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin, Actinomycin D ticarcillin, alone and in combination, 540 African green monkey kidney cell lines, 300 Amoxicilhin drug uptake, 300 dosage nomogram, 28 transcription inhibition, 300 impaired renal function, 28 Acycloguanosine intravenously, 628 aciclovir in mice, 775 pediatric patients, 628 experimental herpes simplex encephalitis, 775 Amphotericin B growth inhibition, 642 microdilution and broth dilution techniques, 475 herpesviruses, humans, 642 Ampicillin latent herpes simplex virus, 723 aminoglycosides, 540 Acycloguanosine treatment clavulanic acid, 315 acute herpes simplex infections, 554 Haemophilus species, 836 latent herpes simplex infections, 554 H. influenzae, 325 mice, 554 H. influenzae type B, 415 Adenine arabinoside N. meningitidis, 240 antidiuretic hormone, 142 P. aeruginosa, 93 Aerobic bacilli S. marcescens, 93 carbenicillin resistance, 137 S. pneumoniae, 240 African green monkey kidney cell lines Ampicillin-aminoglycoside combinations actinomycin D, 300 group B streptococci, 484 37 RC cells, drug uptake, 300 synergism, 484 African trypanosomes Ampicillin level antitumor drugs, 157 human blood, 510 Agar dilution-replicator yeast susceptibility test interstitial fluid, 510 variability, 763 Ampicillin resistance Agar dilution susceptibility H. ducreyi, 294 correlation with disk diffusion susceptibility, 834 plasmid-mediated, 294 Agar minimum inhibitory concentration Anaerobic bacteria cefamandole, cefoxitin, and cefuroxime, 572 low trimethoprim susceptibility, 1 D-Alanine carboxypeptidase Anaerobic susceptibility B. subtilis cells, 204 various methods, 351 cephapirin, 204 Anthelmintic agents Alaphosphin avermectins, 361, 368, 372 phosphonopeptide, 684 B1. component, 372 Alcohols chromatographic properties, 368 enveloped viruses, sensitivity, 67 fermentation, 361 Alpha hemolysin isolation, 368 viridin B (streptococcal bacteriocin), 436 producing organism, 361 Amikacin Antibacterial agents disk diffusion susceptibility test, 400 alaphosphin, 684, 696 interactitin between gentamicin, tobramycin, or phosphonopeptides, 677, 684, 696 netilmicin and carbenicillin or ticarcillin, 587 Antibiotic assay Aninoglycoside antibiotic resistance blood specimen collection, 481 anaerobic bacteria, 7 Antibiotic degradation B. fragilis, 7 pneumococci, 470 C. perfringens, 7 Antibiotic resistance Aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity effects of carbon sources, 59 relationship with auditory toxicity, 780 P. aeruginosa, 59 Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes Antibiotic strains VOL. 15, 1979 SUBJECT INDEX N. gonorrhoeae, 535 Benzylpenicillin Antidiuretic hormone clavulanic acid, 315 adenine arabinoside, 142 Beta-lactam antibiotic Antifolate activity thienamycin, 518 HeLa cells, 730 Beta-lactam antibiotics isoaminopterin, 730 B. fragilis, 263 Antifolate resistance clavulanic acid, 315 B. subtilis thyA, 527 compared with furazlocillin, piperacillin, and Antimicrobial susceptibility test mezlocillin, 783 tetrazolium reduction, 769 E. coli K-12, 182 Antineoplastic antibiotics outer-membrane penetration barriers, 182 S. aureus, 580 Beta-lactamases Antiplaque agents cefamandole, 792 cationic detergents, 408 cefoxitin-inducible, 792 Anti-pseudomonas activity BHK-21 cells azlocillin, 396 mumps virus, 356 mezlocillin, 396 ribavirin, 356 ticarcillin, 396 Bilirubin Antiviral agent chloramphenicol, 544 arildone, 813 colorimetric assay, 544 Antiviral agents Blood specimen collection latent herpes simplex virus, 625 antibiotic assay, 481 Arildone BL-5786 (ceforanide) antiviral agent, 813 parenteral cephalosporin, 318 Aspiration pneumonia Bronchopulmonary infections children, 342 Haemophilus spp., 807 clindamycin, 342 Broth dilution techniques Auditory toxicity amphotericin B, 475 relationship with aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity, 5-fluorocytosine, 475 780 susceptibility testing, 475 Avermectins Broth minimum inhibitory concentration anthelmintic agents, 361, 368, 372 cefamandole, cefoxitin, and cefuroxime, 572 B,. component, 372 BSC-1 cells chromatographic properties, 368 5-azacytidine, 235 fermentation, 361 B. subtilis thyA isolation, 368 antifolate resistance, 527 producing organism, 361 B,a component Azacytidine (5-Azacytidine) anthelmintic agents, 372 BSC-1 cells, 235 avernectins, 372 cytoplasmic ribosomal RNA, 235 messanger RNA, 235 Candida species Azlocillin 2,4-diaminoquinazoline compounds, 93 aminoglycosides, 540 Carbenicillin anti-pseudomonas activity, 396 clavulanic acid, 315 gentamicin nephrotoxicity, 46 Bacampicillin level interaction between gentamicin, tobramycin, human blood, 510 netilmicin, or amikacin and ticarcillin, 587 interstitial fluid, 510 P. aeruginosa, 93 Bacillus licheniformis S. marcescens, 93 bacitracin production, 282 Cationic detergents Bacitracin antiplaque agents, 408 B. licheniformis, 282 Cefaclor oxygen-enriched aeration, 282 cephalosporins, 836 Bacitracin production Haemophilus species, 836 polyacrylamide gel, 126 Cefamandole Bactec radiometric method agar MIC, 572 yeast susceptibility, 313 anaerobic infections, 337 Bacteriocin bronchopulmonary infections, 807 M. smegmatis, 504 broth MIC, 572 purification, properties, cytotoxic effect, 504 cefoxitin-inducible beta-lactamases, 792 Bacteroides fragilis disk diffusion susceptibility test, 140 aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance, 7 Haemophilus species, 836 ,B-lactam antibiotics, 263 Haemophilus spp. bronchopulmonary infections, Bay K 4999 807 broad-spectrum penicillin, 670 H. influenzae, 325 furazlocillin, 783 inflammatory exudate, 712 SUBJECT INDEX ANTIMICROB. AGENTS CHEMOTHER. newborn infants, 674 hospitalized patients, 651 penetration, 712 N. meningitidis, 240 pharmacokinetics, 674 pharmacokinetics, 651 renal impairment, 161 serum and saliva concentrations, 658 resistance, 792 S. pneumoniae, 240 S. aureus abscesses, 200 Chloroquine resistance Cefatrizine activity malaria, 258 cephalosporins, 209 mefloquine, 258 Cefazaflur Chlorpromazine in vitro activity, 444 DNA viruses, 461 ,B-lactamase stability, 444 photochemical inactivation, 461 Cefazolin RNA viruses, 461 S. aureus abscesses, 200 Cinoxacin serious infections, 119 humans, 165 Ceforanide influence of probenecid, 465 BL-5786, 318 serum levels, 465 parenteral cephalosporin, 318 urinary excretion, 465 Cefoxitin Clavulanic acid agar MIC, 572 ampicillin, 315 broth MIC, 572 benzylpenicillin, 315 S. aureus abscesses, 200 carbenicillin, 315 Cefuroxime carbenicillin and gentamicin, in vitro synergism, agar MIC, 572 630 broth MIC, 572 cephalothin, 315 Cephalosporin S. marcescens, 630 BL-5786 (ceforanide), 318 Clindamycin HR 756, 452 aspiration pneumonia, 342 N. gonorrhoeae, 452 children, 342 SCE-129, 646 ,-lactamase-negative and -positive N. Cephalosporins gonorrhoeae, 143 cefatrizine activity, 209 Clostridium botulinum dissociated resistance, 497 p-hydroxybenzoic acid n-alkyl esters, 798 Haemophilus species, 836 Clostridium perfringens in vitro activity, 444 aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance, 7 fi-lactamase stability, 444 Colorimetric Assay Cephalothin bilirubin, 544 clavulanic acid, 315 chloramphenicol, 544 creatinine clearance concentration, 666 Creatinine clearance disk diffusion susceptibility, 140 cephalothin, 666 gentamicin nephrotoxicity, 46 concentration, 666 inflammatory exudate, 712 Cystic fibrosis patients S. aureus abscesses, 200 Pseudomonas, 494 S. aureus endocarditis, 735 Cytoplasmic ribosomal ribonucleic acid Cephalothin level 5-azacytidine, 235 human blood, 510 interstitial fluid, 510 Deoxyribonucleic acid viruses Cephamycin C chlorpromazine, 461 S. lactamdurans, 522 photochemical inactivation, 461 sporulation and production, 522 2,4-Diaminoquinazoline Cephapirin Candida sp., 93 D-alanine carboxypeptidase formation, 204 1,5-Diamino anthraquinones B. subtilis cells, 204 antiviral properties, 111 Cephapirin level interferon-inducing properties, 111 human blood, 510 N,N-dihexadecyl-m-xylylenediamine interstitial fluid, 510 interferon inducer, 269 Cephatracile rhinovirus challenge, 269 inflammatory exudate, 712 Dihydrofolate reductase Cephradine Neisseria sp., 428 serious infections, 119 Dihydrofolate reductases Chloramphenicol low trimethoprim susceptibility, 1 bilirubin, 544 5,6-Dihydro-5-azathymidine biological fluids, 491 herpes simplex virus infections, 213 colorimetric assay, 544 Disk diffusion susceptibility test Haemophilus species, 836 amikacin, 400 high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay, 491 Disk diffusion susceptibility tests H. influenzae type B, 415 VOL. 15, 1979 SUBJECT INDEX cefamandole and cephalothin, 140 cortical distribution, 635 Dodecylimidazole interaction between tobramycin, netilmicin, or sterol biosynthesis, 603 amikacin and carbenicillin or ticarcillin, 587 U. maydis, 603 medullary distribution, 635 methicillin, 34 Enterobacteriaceae P. aeruginosa, 93 cefamandole, susceptibility to, 14 papillary distribution, 635 cefoxitin, susceptibility to, 14 single or multiple doses, 635 /3-lactamase production, 14 S. marcescens, 93 piperacillin and other antibiotics, 346 Gentamicin nephrotoxicity spontaneous mutants, 14 carbenicillin, 46 Enterococci cephalothin, 46 penicillin combined with gentamicin, 87 [3H]Gentamicin protein binding, 87 autoradiographic localization, 131 Enveloped viruses proximal renal tubules, 131 herpes simplex, 67 Gonococcal urethritis long-chain unsaturated monoglycerides and penicillin cure, 592 alcohols, 67 Gram-negative aerobic bacilli Enveloped virus inactivation piperacillin, susceptibility, 137 fatty acid derivatives, 134 ticarcillin, susceptibility, 137 Epstein-Barr virus expression Gram-negative bacterial infection human umbilical cord leukocytes, 74 netilmicin, 50 Erythromycin Group B streptococci ,B-lactamase-negative and -positive N. ampicillin-aminoglycoside combinations, 484 gonorrhoeae, 243 nasal cultures, 379 Haemophilus ducreyi oral therapy, 379 ampicillin resistance, 294 S. aureus carriers, 379 Haemophilus influenzae Escherichia coli ampicillin, 325 cephalosporins, 513 beta-lactamase negative, 325 inhibition of transpeptidase activity, 831 beta-lactamase positive, 325 penicillin-binding proteins, 20 cefamandole, 325 penicillins, 513 Haemophilus influenzae type B peptidoglycan transpeptidase inhibition, 513 ampicillin, 415 resistant strains, 177 chloramphenicol, 415 SCE-963, 20 Haemophilus species streptomycin uptake, 177 ampicillin, 836 thienamycin, 831 cefaclor, 836 Escherichia coli K-12 cefamandole, 836 beta-lactam antibiotics, 182 chloramphenicol, 836 f8-lactam antibiotics, 332 tetracycline, 836 outer-membrane penetration barriers, 182 Haemophilus spp. penicillin-binding proteins, 332 bronchopulmonary infections, 807 Experimental herpes simplex encephalitis HeLa cells aciclovir, 775 antifolate activity, 730 acycloguanosine, 775 isoaminopterin, 730 mice, 775 Herpes simplex infections Experimental staphylococcal endocarditis acycloguanosine, 554 methicillin tolerance, 802 mice, 554 Herpes simplex virus Fatty acid derivatives long-chain unsaturated monoglycerides and enveloped virus inactivation, 134 alcohols, 67 Fatty acyl group Herpes simplex virus infections imidazole antimycotics, 706 5,6-dihydro-5-azathymidine, 213 lecithin liposomes, 706 pyran, 547 Fluorocytosine (5-Fluorocytosine) Herpesviruses amphotericin B, 475 acycloguanosine, 642 microdilution and broth dilution techniques, 475 human infections, 642 5-Fluorocytosine Herpesvirus mutants yeast susceptibility, 313 phosphonoacetate, 758 Furazlocillin phosphonoformate, 758 Bay K 4999, 783 High-pressure liquid chromatographic assay compared with mezlocillin, piperacillin, and beta- chloramphenicol, 491 lactam antibiotics, 783 HR 756 cephalosporin, 273, 452 Gentamicin gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, 273 SUBJECT INDEX ANTIMICROB. AGENTS CHEMOTHER. gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, 273 microbial suppression, 455 N. gonorrhoeae, 452 vancomycin, 455 Human lymphoid interferon Levamisole concentration, 420 recurrent herpes simplex labialis, 662 large-scale production, 420 Human umbilical cord leukocytes Malaria Epstein-Barr virus-induced transformation, 101 chloroquine resistance, 258 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid n-alkyl esters mefloquine, 258 C. botulinum, 798 Mefloquine malaria, 258 Imidazole antimycotics, 706 Messenger ribonucleic acid lecithin liposomes, 706 5-azacytidine, 235 Imidazole derivative BSC-1 cells, 235 tioconazole (UK-20,349), 597 Methicillin Impaired renal function gentamicin, 34 amoxicillin, 28 S. aureus, 34 Inflammatory exudate S. aureus endocarditis, 735 cephalosporins, 712 Methicillin tolerance Interferon inducer experimental staphylococcal endocarditis, 802 N,N-dihexadecyl-m-xyleneiarine, 269 N- Isoaminopterin methylthioformohydroxamate!metal antifolate activity, 730 complexes HeLa cells, 730 antibiotic action, 384 Metronidazole Josamycin T. vaginalis, 254 8-lactamase-negative and -positive N. Mezlocillin gonorrhoeae, 243 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, 487 aminoglycosides, 540 Killer phenomenon anti-pseudomonas activity, 396 pathogenic yeast, 568 compared with furazlocillin, piperacillin, and beta- Kitasamycin (leucomycin) lactam antibiotics, 783 biosynthesis, 738 Mice S. kitasatoensis, 738 [3H]gentamicin autoradiographic localization, 131 Klebsiella pneumoniae Miconazole nosocomial, 616 sterol biosynthesis, 603 nosocomial multiply resistant, 608 U. maydis, 603 R plasmids, 616 Microdilution techniques amphotericin B, 475 fi-Lactam antibiotics 5-fluorocytosine, 475 antibacterial activity, 332 susceptibility testing, 475 ,B-Lactamase Monoglycerides affinity chromatography, 229 enveloped virus, sensitivity, 67 N. gonorrhoeae, 229 Mumps virus BHK-21 cells, 356 ,B-Lactamase production ribavirin, 356 Non-Streptomyces Actinomycetales, 123 Mycobacterium fortuitum complex ,-Lactamases antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 754 inhibition, 171 Mycobacterium smegmatis ,-lactamase stability bacteriocin, 504 cefazaflur, 444 cephalosporins, 444 Nafcillin SCE-129, 646 S. aureus endocarditis, 735 Latent herpes simplex virus Neisseria gonorrhoeae acycloguanosine, 723 HR 756, 452 antiviral agents, 625 f,-lactamase, 229 hairless mice, 723 penetrability of the outer membrane, 820 reactivation, 625 penicillin, 820 sensory ganglia, 723 penicillinase-negative, 562 Lecithin liposomes penicilhinase-positive, 562 fatty acyl group, 706 rosamicin, josamycin, erythromycin, and imidazole antimycotics, 706 clindamycin, 243 sterol composition, 706 susceptibility to 30 antibiotics, 562 Leucomycin (kitasamycin) Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains biosynthesis, 738 antibiotic susceptibility, 535 S. kitasatoensis, 738 Europe and Africa, 535 Leukemic patients Neisseria meningitidis VOL. 15, 1979 SUBJECT INDEX ampicillin, 240 herpesvirus mutants, 758 Neisseria sp. Phosphonopeptides dihydrofolate reductase, 428 alaphosphin, 696 Netilmicin antibacterial agents, 677, 684, 696 cortical distribution, 635 chemistry, 677 gram-negative bacterial infections, 50 rationale, 677 interaction between gentamicin, tobramycin, or structure-activity relationships, 677 amikacin and carbenicillin or ticarcillin, 587 Piperacillin medullary distribution, 635 aminoglycosides, 540 newborn infants, 246 ampicillin, compared with, 346 papillary distribution, 635 carbenicillin, compared with, 346 single or multiple doses, 635 cefamandole, compared with, 346 Netilmicin disk diffusion susceptibility cephalothin, compared with, 346 correlation with agar dilution susceptibility, 834 compared with furazlocillin, piperacillin, and beta- Newborn infants lactam antibiotics, 783 cefamandole, 674 Enterobacteriaceae, 346 netilmicin, 246 gram-negative aerobic bacilli, 137 N. meningitidis P. aeruginosa, 346 chloramphenicol, 240 ticarcillin, compared with, 346 Non-Streptomyces Actinomycetales Pneumococci fB-lactamase production, 123 antibiotic degradation, 470 Novel f,-lactam compounds resistance mechanisms, 470 inhibition, 171 Polyacrylamide gel f,-lactamases, 171 bacitracin production, 126 Nucleoside analogs Polyene antibiotics Epstein-Barr virus expression, 101 mouse erythrocytes, 716 Epstein-Barr virus-induced transformation, 101 potassium leakage, 716 S. cerevisiae hemolysis, 716 Oral ampicillin S. cerevisiae lethality, 716 double-blind clinical trials, 55 Polymyxin B Oral cyclacillin P. aeruginosa NCTC 6750, 147 double-blind clinical trials, 55 spheroplasts, 147 Probenecid pAD1 serum levels of cinoxacin, 465 S. faecalis subsp. zymogenes strain DS16, 828 urinary excretion of cinoxacin, 465 pAD2 Protein binding S. faecalis subsp. zymogenes strain DS16, 828 penicillins combined with gentamicin, 87 P. aeruginosa Proximal renal tubules piperacillin and other antibiotics, 346 [3H]gentamicin, 131 P. aeruginosa NCTC 6750 mice, 131 spheroplasts, 147 Pseudomonas Pathogenic yeast cystic fibrosis patients, 494 killer phenomenon, 568 rough, smooth, and mucoid colony types, 494 Penicillin Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bay k 4999, 670 antibiotic resistance, 59 gonococcal urethritis, 592 cephalosporins, 513 N. gonorrhoeae, 820 penicillins, 513 other antibiotics, 820 peptidoglycan transpeptidase inhibition, 513 Penicillin-binding proteins S. marcescens transferring antibiotic resistance, E. coli K-12, 332 93 ,B-lactam antibiotics, 332 Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 6750 SCE-963, 20 polymyxin B, 147 Penicillins suspending media, 147 cephalosporins, 513 Pyran combined with gentamicin, 87 effect on latency, 547 enterococci, 87 herpes simplex virus infections, 547 peptidoglycan transpeptidase inhibition, 513 Pyrrolo(1,4)benzodiazepine protein binding, 87 tryptophan conversion, 42 Peptidoglycan transpeptidase inhibition cephalosporins, 513 37 RC cells E. coli, 513 actinomycin D, 300 P. aeruginosa, 513 Recurrent herpes simplex labialis penicillins, 513 levamisole, 662 Phosphonoacetate Renal impairment herpesvirus mutants, 758 cefamandole, 161 Phosphonoformate Rhinovirus SUBJECT INDEX ANTIMICROB. AGENTS CHEMOTHER. N,N-dihexadecyl-m-xylenediamine, 269 alpha hemolysin, 428 humans, 269 Streptococcus faecalis subsp. zymogenes strain Ribavirin D816 BHK-21 cells, 356 multiple drug resistance, 828 mechanism and specificity of action, 747 pAD1, 828 mumps virus, 356 pAD2, 828 Ribonucleic acid viruSes plasmid-related tssibility, 828 chlorpromazine, 461 Streptococcus mutans photochemical inactivation, 461 antibiotic susceptibility, 440 Rifampin susceptibility serotype proffles, 440 growth conditions, 220 Streptococcus pneumoniae Rosamicin ampicillin, 240 ,B-lactamase-negative and -positive N. Streptomyces kitasatoensis gonorrhoeae, 243 kitasamycin, 738 nasal cultures, 379 leucine analog-resistant mutants, 738 oral therapy, 379 Streptomyces lactamdurans S. aureus carriers, 379 cephamycin C, 522 R plasmids serine protease, 522 nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, 616 Streptomycin uptake E. coli, 177 Saccharomyces cerevisiae polyene antibiotics, 716 Tetracycline Salmonella group Hi factor Haemophilus species, 836 response to antimicrobial therapy, 478 Tetrazolium reduction virulence, 478 antimicrobial susceptibility test, 769 SCE-129 Thienamycin antibacterial activity, 646 beta-lactam antibiotic, 518 ,B-lactamase stability, 646 broad-spectrum activity, 518 SCE-963 transpeptidase activity in E. coli, 831 cephalosporin, 20 Ticarcillin E. coli, 20 aminoglycosides, 540 Seine protease anti-pseudomonas activity, 396 S. lactamdurans, 522 gram-negative aerobic bacilli, 137 sporulation and production, 522 interaction between gentamicin, tobramycin, Serratia marcescens netilmicin, or amikacin and carbenicillin, 587 carbenicillin and gentamicin, in vitro synergism, Tioconazole (UK-20,349) 630 antifungal activity, 597 clavulanic acid, 630 imidazole derivative, 597 transfer of ampicillin, carbenicillin, and Tobramycin gentamicin resistance, 93 interaction between gentamicin, netflmicin, or Sibiromycin amikacin and carbenicillin or ticarcillin, 587 anthranilic acid moieties, 42 Tomamycin S. pneumoniae anthranilic acid moieties, 42 chloramphenicol, 240 Transpeptidase activity Staphylococcus aureus inhibition in E. coli, 831 antineoplastic antibiotics, 580 thienamycin, 831 cefazolin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, and Treponema hyodysenteriae cefamandole, 200 39 antimicrobial agents, 392 gentamicin, 34 Trichomonas vaginalis gentamicin resistance, 152 metronidazole, 254 methicillin-resistant, 34 5-nitroimidazoles, 254 Staphylococcus aureus carriers Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole erythromycin, 379 intravenously administered, 447 nasal cultures, 379 Trimethoprim susceptibility placebo, 379 anaerobic bacteria, 1 rosamicin, 379 dihydrofolate reductases, 1 Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis Tryptophan cephalothin, 735 sibiromycin, 42 methicillin, 735 tomaymycin, 42 nafciflin, 735 Tryptophan conversion Staphylococcus aureus phage type 92 pyrrolo(1,4)benzodiazepine, 42 methicillin-resistant strains, 74 Sterol biosynthesis Ustilago maydis dodecylimidazole, 603 dodecylimidazole, 603 miconazole, 603 miconazole, 603 Streptococcal bacteriocin (viridin B) sterol biosynthesis, 603 ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND

CHEMOTHERAPY

VOLUME 15

WASHNGTON, DC 20006 1979 ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

VOLUME 15 * 1979 EDITORIAL BOARD GLADYS L. HOBBY, Editor-in-Chief (1980) JOEL G. FLAKS, Editor (1981) Infectious Disease Research Institute, Livingston, N.J. University ofPennsylvania, Philadelphia WALTER D. CELMER, Editor (1980) EDWARD W. HOOK, Editor (1981) Pfizer Inc., Groton, Conn. University of Virginia, Charlottesville HERBERT L. ENNIS, Editor (1982) LEON H. SCHMIDT, Editor (1979) Roche Institute ofMolecular Biology, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Ala. Nutley, N.J.

Vincent T. Andriole (1981) L. H. Huang (1979) R. W. Rickards (1980) John P. Anhalt (1981) Milton Huppert (1980) Richard Roberts (1979) Donald Armstrong (1980) George Gee Jackson (1980) Richard Root (1980) Robert Austrian (1980) Thomas Jones (1980) Jon E. Rosenblatt (1979) Arthur L. Barry (1980) William J. Jusko (1980) Milton R. J. Salton (1981) John Bennett (1981) Donald Kaye (1979) Merle Sande (1979) Lawrence E. Bryan (1979) Jerome 0. Klein (1979) Jay Sanford (1980) D. Buyske (1980) Vernon Knight (1980) Arthur K. Saz (1979) Yves Chabbert (1980) George S. Kobayashi (1979) F. C. Sciavolino (1979) Royston C. Clowes (1979) Jordan Konisky (1980) Oldrich K. Sebek (1980) C. Glenn Cobbs (1980) Matthew E. Levison (1981) William M. Shannon (1980) Paul S. Cohen (1980) Friedrich C. Luft (1981) John C. Sherris (1979) Naomi Datta (1981) Joan Lusk (1980) Charles Shipman, Jr. (1979) Julian Davies (1979) R. Luthy (1980) Robert W. Sidwell (1981) Lawrence E. Day (1980) Gerald L. Mandell (1980) Walter Siegenthaler (1980) R. Gordon Douglas, Jr. (1980) Gerald Medoff (1980) Sigmund S. Socransky (1980) Theodore Eickhoff (1979) L. Bruce Mellett (1979) P. Frederick Sparling (1981) Arthur English (1980) S. Mitsuhashi (1980) R. Sutherland (1979) David S. Feingold (1981) Robert C. Moellering, Jr. (1979) Vera L. Sutter (1981) Robert Fekety (1981) R. B. Morin (1979) Morton N. Swartz (1979) Robert J. Fitzgerald (1980) Bernard Moss (1981) Clyde Thornsberry (1979) Anthony J. Glazko (1981) John D. Nelson (1980) Ralph Tompsett (1979) Irving H. Goldberg (1979) Harold C. Neu (1980) Hamao Umezawa (1981) Harry Gooder (1979) J. F. Niblack (1980) Donald Van Harken (1979) Jack Gwaltney (1980) T. J. Perun (1980) D. Vazquez (1980) Fred Hahn (1979) Charles A. Plate (1979) Michael Waring (1981) Robert L. Hamill (1979) Burton M. Pogell (1981) John Washington II (1981) Maurice W. Harmon (1981) K. E. Price (1979) Jerry A. Weisbach (1979) Michael Higgi (1980) Paul Quie (1980) B. Weisblum (1979) Ronald D. Hnsdil(1979) W. H. G. Richards (1980) Peter G. Welling (1979) Richard Hornick (1980) Mark H. Richmond (1979) Richard Wenzel (1980)

Robert A. Day, Managing Editor Gisella Pollock, Assistant Managing Editor Lorraine Gilbert, Production Editor 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006 EX OFFICIO Edwin H. Lennette, President (1978-1979) Willis A. Wood, President-Elect (1978-1979) J. Mehsen Joseph, Secretary Brinton M. Miller, Treasurer Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ISSN 0066- Second class postage paid at Washington, D.C. 20006, and at 4804), an interdisciplinary publication of the American Society additional mailing offices. for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006, is Made in the United States of America. devoted to the dissemination of knowledge relating to all Copyright C 1979, American Society for Microbiology. aspects of antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, including All Rights Reserved. cancer chemotherapy. Instructions to Authors are published The code at the top of the first page of an article in this in the January issue each year. Antimicrobial Agents and journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of Chemotherapy is published monthly, and the twelve numbers the article may be made for personal use, or for personal use are divided into two volumes per year. The nonmember sub- of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, scription price is $65 per year. The member subscription price however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through is $16 per year. Single copies are $6. Correspondence relating the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., P.O. Box 765, Schenec- to subscriptions, reprints, defective copies, availability of back tady, New York 12301, for copying beyond that permitted by issues, lost or late proofs, disposition of submitted manu- Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent scripts, and general editorial matters should be directed to the does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for ASM Publications Office, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, 20006 (area 202 833-9680). for creating new collective works or for resale. Volume 15 Contents for January Number 1 Biosynthesis; Chemistry; Mechanisms of Action and Resistance Low Trimethoprim Susceptibility of Anaerobic Bacteria Due to Insensitive Dihy- drofolate Reductases. RUDOLF L. THEN* AND PETER ANGEHRN ...... 1 Mechanism of Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Resistance in Anaerobic Bacteria: Clos- tridium perfringens and Bacteroides fragilis. L. E. BRYAN,* S. K. KOWAND, AND H. M. VAN DEN ELZEN ...... 7 SCE-963, a New Potent Cephalosporin with High Affinity for Pencillin-Binding Proteins 1 and 3 of Escherichia coli. YUKIMASA NOZAKI,* AKIRA IMADA, AND MASAHIKO YONEDA ...... 20 Pyrrolo(1,4)benzodiazepine Antitumor Antibiotics: Biosynthetic Studies on the Conversion of Tryptophan to the Anthranilic Acid Moieties of Sibiromycin and Tomaymycin. LAURENCE H. HURLEY* AND CHANDRACHURANAND GAIROLA 42 Extreme Sensitivity of Enveloped Viruses, Including Herpes Simplex, to Long- Chain Unsaturated Monoglycerides and Alcohols. JEFFREY SANDS,* DAVID AUPERIN, AND WALLACE SNIPES ...... 67 Production of f-Lactamase by Non-Streptomyces Actinomycetales. JEFFREY L. SCHWARTZ* AND SURYA P. SCHWARTZ ...... 123 Bacitracin Production byWhole Cells Immobilized in Polyacrylamide Gel. YASUSHI MORIKAWA, KEIKO OCHIAI, ISAO KARUBE,* AND SHUCICHI SUZUKI ...... 126 Enveloped Virus Inactivation by Fatty Acid Derivatives. J. A. SANDS,* P. LANDIN, D. AUPERIN, AND A. REINHARDT ...... 134 Physiological Effects and Microbial Susceptibility Lack of Correlation Between ,B-Lactamase Production and Susceptibility to Cefa- mandole or Cefoxitin Among Spontaneous Mutants of Enterobacteriaceae. JOHN L. OTT,* J. R. TURNER, AND DAVID F. MAHONEY ...... 14 Methicillin Potentiates the Effect of Gentamicin on Methicillin-Resistant Staphy- lococcus aureus. ROBERT J. P. HEMMER, PIERRE VAUDAUX, AND FRANCIS A. WALDVOGEL* ...... 34 Effects of Carbon Sources on Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ROBERT S. CONRAD,* R. GARY WULF, AND DAMONDA L. CLAY ...... 59 Methicillin-Resistant Strains of Staphylococcus aureus Phage Type 92. S. SCHAE- FLER,* W. PERRY, AND D. JONES ...... 74 Activity of2,4-Diaminoquinazoline Compounds Against Candida Species. ROBERT A. CASTALDO, DIETER W. GUMP,* AND JOHN J. MCCORMACK ...... 81 Hospital Isolates of Serratia marcescens Transferring Ampicillin, Carbenicillin, and Gentamicin Resistance to Other Gram-Negative Bacteria Including Pseudo- monas aeruginosa. VERA M. OLEXY, THOMAS J. BIRD, HANS G. GRIEBLE, AND STEPHEN K. FARRAND* ...... 93 Effects of Nucleoside Analogs on Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced Transformation of Human Umbilical Cord Leukocytes and Epstein-Barr Virus Expression in Transformed Cells. EARL E. HENDERSON,* WALTER K. LONG, AND RENEE RIBECKY ...... 101 Susceptibility of Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacilli Resistant to Carbenicillin in a General Hospital to Piperacillin and Ticarcillin. JOHN E. MCGOWAN, JR.,* AND PAMELA M. TERRY ...... 137 Interpretive Criteria for Cefamandole and Cephalothin Disk Diffusion Susceptibil- ity Tests. A. L. BARRY,* F. D. SCHOENKNECHT, S. SHADOMY, J. C. SHERRIS, C. THORNSBERRY, J. A. WASHINGTON, AND R. B. KAMMER ...... 140

Asterisk refers to person to whom inquiries regarding the paper should be addressed. W 1V CONTENTS Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pharmacokinetics of Amoxicilhin: Nomogram for Patients with Impaired Renal Function. GuY HUMBERT,DosageDANIEL A. SPYKER,* J. P. FILLASTRE, AND ANNIE LEROY .28 Protection from Gentamicin Nephrotoxicity by Cephalothin and Carbenicillin. RICHARD BLOCH,' FRIEDRICH C. LuTr, LAuRA I. RANKIN, REBECCA S. SLOAN, Moo NAHM YUM, AND DOUGLAS R. MAXWELL .46 Netilmicin in Serious Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections. DAVID R. SNYDMAN,* FRANCIS P. TALLY, SHELDON H. LANDESMAN, MICHAEL BARZA, AND SHER- WOOD L. GORBACH .50 Double-Blind Clinical Trials of Oral Cyclacillin and Ampicillin. JEROME A. GOLD,* C. PAUL HEGARTY, MARC W. DEITCH, AND BARRY R. WALKER .55 Effect of Protein Binding on the Activity of Penicillins in Combination with Gentamicin Against Enterococci. RICHARD H. GLEW AND ROBERT C.

MOELLERING, JR...... 87 Antiviral and Interferon-Inducing Properties of 1,5-Diamino Anthraquinones. D. A. STRINGFELLOW,* S. D. WEED, AND G. E. UNDERWOOD ...... 111 Intravenous Use ofCephradine and Cefazolin Against Serious Infections. DIONISIO L. CALOZA, JR.,* RICHARD W. SEMAR, AND GERALD E. BERNFELD ...... 119 Autoradiographic Localization of [3H]Gentamicin in the Proximal Renal Tubules of Mice. MICHAEL J. KUHAR, LINDA L. MAK, AND PAUL S. LIETMAN* .... 131 Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Following Adenine Arabinoside Administra- tion. E. RAMOS,* R. F. TIMMONS, AND S. C. SCHIMPFF ...... 142 Errata Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Selection of Resistance Among Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates Recovered from Patients with Infections of Indwelling Foreign Devices. GORDON L. ARCHER ...... 145 Prediction of Cefazolin Penetration into High- and Low-Protein-Containing Extra- vascular Fluid: New Method for Performing Simultaneous Studies. LANCE R. PETERSON AND DALE N. GERDING ...... 145 Volume 15 Contents for February Number 2 Biosynthesis; Chemistry; Mechanisms of Action and Resistance Induction of Streptomycin Uptake in Resistant Strains of Escherichia coli. JOACHIM-VOLKER HOLTJE ...... 177 Outer-Membrane Penetration Barriers as Components of Intrinsic Resistance to Beta-Lactam and Other Antibiotics in Escherichia coli K-12. R. ALLEN SCUDAMORE,* TERRANCE J. BEVERIDGE, AND MORRIS GOLDNER ...... 182 Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes Among Clinical Isolates ofAcinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus (Herellae vaginicola): Explanation for High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance. BARBARA E. MURRAY* AND ROBERT C. MOELL- ERING, JR...... 190 Growth Conditions and Rifampin Susceptibility. ARTHUR L. KOCH* AND GAYLE H. GROSS ...... 220 Purification by Affinity Chromatography and Properties of a f-Lactamase Isolated from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. LOUIs A. ERiQUEz* AND RICHARD F. D'AMATO 229 Effect of 5-Azacytidine on Cytoplasmic Ribosomal and Messenger Ribonucleic Acids in BSC-1 CelLs. YAFFA REUVENI AND LEONARD J. ROSENTHAL* . 235 CONTENTS v Chloroquine Resistance in Malaria: Accessibility of Drug Receptors to Mefloquine. Coy D. FITCH,* ROBERT L. CHAN, AND REKHA CHEVLI ..... 258 Factors Contributing to Resistance to Beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Bacteroides fragilis. BARBRO OLSSON, KATHRINE DORNBUSCH, AND CARL ERIK NORD* 263 Application of Oxygen-Enriched Aeration in the Production of Bacitracin by Bacillus licheniformis. M. C. FLICKINGER* AND D. PERLMAN ...... 282 Plasmid-Mediated Ampicillin Resistance in Haemophilus ducreyi. JAMES L. BRUNTON, IAN MACLEAN, ALLAN R. RONALD, AND WILLIAM L. ALBRITTON* 294 Resistance of African Green Monkey Kidney Cell Lines to Actinomycin D: Drug Uptake in 37 RC Cells After Persistent Inhibition of Transcription. ARRIGO BENEDETTO,* ANTONIO CASSONE, AND CARLO DELFINI...... 300 Physiological Effects and Microbial Susceptibility Influence ofSuspending Media upon the Susceptibility ofPseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 6750 and Its Spheroplasts to Polymyxin B. RUTH M. KLEMPERER,* P. GILBERT, ANNA M. MEIER, R. M. COZENS, AND M. R. W. BROWN ...... 147 Comparative Inhibition of ,B-Lactamases by Novel fi-Lactam Compounds. KWUNG P. Fu AND HAROLD C. NEU* ...... 171 Effect of Cephapirin on Formation of D-Alanine Carboxypeptidase in Growing Bacillus subtilis Cells. JOHN S. WHITE,* MARK ASTILL, AND PAUL J. LAW- RENCE . 204 Cefatrizine Activity Compared with That of Other Cephalosporins. HAROLD C. NEU* AND KWUNG P. FU ...... 209 Effect of Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol Against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria menigitidis. WILLIAM E. FELDMAN* AND TERESA ZWEIGHAFT ... 240 In Vitro Activity ofRosamicin, Josamycin, Erythromycin, and Clindamycin Against ,8-Lactamase-Negative and /?-Lactamase-Positive Strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. W. BIDDLE* AND CLYDE THORNSBERRY ...... 243 HR 756, a New Cephalosporin Active Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria. HAROLD C. NEU,* NALINEE ASWAPOKEE, PRASIT ASWAPOKEE, AND KWUNG P. FU ...... 273 Radiometric Method for Determining the Susceptibility of Yeasts of 5-Fluorocyto- sine. Roy L. HOPFER,* KAREN MILLS, AND DIETER GROSCHEL ...... 313 Effect of Clavulanic Acid on the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Benzylpen- icillin, Ampicillin, Carbenicillin, or Cephalothin Against Clinical Isolates Re- sistant to Beta-Lactam Antibiotics. L. DUMON, P. ADRIAENS, J. ANNE, AND H. EYSSEN* ...... 315 BL-S786 (eforanide), a New Parenteral Cephalosporin: In Vitro Studies. SUSANNE S. WEAVER, BARBARA M. LEBLANC, AND GERALD P. BODEY* ...... 318 Pharmacology and Therapeutics Investigations of the Occurrence of Gentamicin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. FREDERICK J. BUCKWOLD, WILLIAM L. ALBRITTON, ALLEN R. RON- ALD, JoY LERTZMAN, AND RUBY HENRIKSEN ...... 152 Activity of Antitumor Drugs Against African Trypanosomes. KENNETH E. KIN- NAMON,* EDGAR A. STECK, AND DoRA S. RANE ...... 157 Pharmacokinetics of Cefamandole in Patients with Renal Impairment. ANTHONY W. CZERWINSKI* AND JAMES A. PEDERSON .161 Pharmacology of Cinoxacin in Humans. HENRY R. BLACK,* KAREN S. ISRAEL, ROBERT L. WOLEN, GORDON L. BRIER, BOYD D. OBERMEYER, EDGAR A. ZIEGE, AND JAMES D. WOLNY .165 V1 CONTENTS

Treatment of Experimental Staphylococcus aureus Abscesses: Comparison of Ce- fazolin, Cephalothin, Cefoxitin, and Cefamandole. DONALD KAYE,* JAMES N. PARSONS, JAIME CARRIZOSA, AND WILLIAM D. KOBASA ...... 200 Activities of 5,6-Dihydro-5-Azathymidine Against Herpes Simplex Virus Infections

in Mice. HAROLD E. RENIS* AND EMERSON E. EIDSON .... 213 Pharmacokinetic Properties of Netilmicin in Newbom Infants. JANE D. SIEGEL, GEORGE H. MCCRAKEN, JR.,* MARION L. THOMAS, AND NORMA THRELKELD 246 Strain of Trichomonas vaginalis Resistant to Metronidazole and Other 5-Nitroim- idazoles. JOSEF G. MEINGASSNER* AND JOSEPHINE THURNER 254 Lack of Effect of an Interferon Inducer, N,N-Dihexadecyl-m-Xylenediamine, on Rhinovirus Challenge in Humans. R. GORDON DOUGLAS, JR.,* ROBERT H.

WALDMAN, ROBERT F. BETTS, AND RAMA GANGULY ...... 256 Errata Improved Susceptibility Disk Assay Method Employing an Agar Overlay Tech- nique. BLONDELL ANDERSON ...... 323 Penetration of Methicillin, Oxacilmin, and Cephalothin into Bone and Synovial Tissues. ROBERT H. FITZGERALD, JR., PATRICK J. KELLY, ROBERT J. SNYDER, AND JOHN A. WASHINGTON II ...... 323

Volume 15 Contents for March Number 3

Biosynthesis; Chemistry; Mechanisms of Action and Resistance Inhibition ofEscherichia coli K-12 by,/-Lactam Antibiotics with Poor Antibacterial Activity: Interaction of Permeability and Intrinsic Activity Against Penicilin- Binding Proteins. NIGEL A. C. CURTIS,* CAROL BROWN, MIKE BOXALL, AND MICHAEL G. BOULTON ...... 332 Avermectins, New Family of Potent Anthelmintic Agents: ProducingOrganism and Fermentation. RICHARD W. BURG,* BRINTON M. MILLER, EDWARD E. BAKER, JEROME BIRNBAUM, SARA A. CURRIE, ROBERT HARTMAN, YU-LIN KONG, RICHARD L. MONAGHAN, GEORGE OLSON, IRVING PUTTER, JOSEFINO B. TUNAC, HYMAN WALLICK, EDWARD 0. STAPLEY, RUIKO OIWA, AND SATOSHI

OMURA ...... 361 Avermectins, New Famiy of Potent Anthelnintic Agents: Isolation and Chromato- graphic Properties. THOMAS W. MILLER,* LOUIS CHAIET, DOUGLAS J. COLE, LUCILLE J. COLE, JAMES E. FLOR, ROBERT T. GOEGELMAN, VINCENT P. GuLLo, HENRY JOSHUA, AUGUST J. KEMPF, WILSON R. KRELLWITZ, RICHARD L. MONAGHAN, ROBERT E. ORMOND, KENNETH E. WILSON, GEORGE ALBERS-SCH ONBERG, AND IRVING PUTTER ...... 368 Antibiotic Action of N-Methylthioformohydroxamate Metal Complexes. STUART

J. BELL, STANLEY A. FRIEDMAN, AND JOHN LEONG*.. 384 Large-Scale Production and Concentration of Human Lymphoid Interferon. FREDERICK KLEIN,* ROBERT T. RICKETTS, WILLIAM I. JONES, IRA A. DE- ARMON, MATTHEW J. TEMPLE, KATHRYN C. ZOON, AND PAMELA J. BRIDGEN 420 Purification of Streptococcal Bacteriocin (Viridin B) and Its Separation from Alpha Hemolysin. LYNN D. APELGREN AND ADNAN S. DAJANI ...... 436 Photochemical Inactivation of Deoxyribonucleic and Ribonucleic Acid Viruses by Chlorpromazine. CARL VEITH HANSON ...... 461 Resistance Mechanisms of Mutiply Resistant Pneumococci: Antibiotic Degradation Studies. R. M. ROBINS-BROWN,* M. N. GASPAR, J. I. WARD, I. K. WACHS- MUTH, H. J. KOORNHOF, M. R. JACOBS, AND C. THORNSBERRY 470 CONTENTS **i Physiological Effects and Microbial Susceptibility Growth Curves, Microscopic Morphology, and Subcultures of Beta-Lactamase- Positive and -Negative Haemophilus influenzae Under the Influence of Am- picillin and Cefamandole. E. YOURASSOWSKY,* M. P. VAN DER LINDEN, AND M. J. LISMONT ...... 325 In Vitro Activity of Piperacillin Compared with That of Carbencillin, Ticarcillin, Ampicillin, Cephalothin, and Cefamandole Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae. PRAMOD P. SHAH, DALIUs J. BRIEDIS, HUGH G. ROBSON,* AND JAMES P. CONTERATO ...... 346 Comparison of Anaerobic Susceptibility Results Obtained by Different Methods. J. E. ROSENBLATT,* P. R. MURRAY, A. C. SONNENWIRTH, AND J. L. JOYCE .... 351 Effects of Ribavirin on BHK-21 Cells Acutely or Persistently Infected with Mumps Virus. JAMES R. MCCAMMON* AND VALERIE W. RIESSER .356 In Vitro Activity of 39 Antimicrobial Agents Against Treponema hyodysenteriae. KAZUHISA KITAI,* MAMORU KASHIWAZAKI, YoSHIKAzu ADACHI, TSUNEO KUME, AND AKIRA ARAKAWA ...... 392 Comparative Study of Anti-Pseudomonas Activity of Azlocillin, Mezlocillin, and Ticarcillin. L. COPPENS* AND J. KLASTERSKY ...... 396 Interpretation of the Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Test for Amikacin: Report of a Collaborative Study. JOHN A. WASHINGTON II, PAULINE K. W. Yu, THOMAS L. GAVAN, FRITZ D. SCHOENKNECHT, AND CLYDE THORNSBERRY . 400 In Vitro Evaluation of Seven Cationic Detergents as Antiplaque Agents. J. M. TANZER,* A. M. SLEE, B. KAMAY, AND E. R. SCHEER . 408 Effect of Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol Alone and in Combination on Ampicillin- Susceptible and -Resistant Haemophilus influenzae Type B. F. SESSIONS COLE,* ROBERT S. DAUM, LYNN TELLER, DONALD A. GOLDMANN, AND ARNOLD L. SMITH ...... 415 Dihydrofolate Reductase from Neisseria sp. DEVRON R. AVERETT,* BARBARA ROTH, JAMES J. BURCHALL, AND DAVID P. BACCANARI ...... 428 Antibiotic Susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans: Comparison of Serotype Pro- files. WAYNE A. LITTLE,* LYNN A. THOMSON, AND WILLIAM H. BOWEN ... 440 In Vitro Activity and,B-Lactamase Stability of Cefazaflur Compared with Those of ,8-Lactamase-Stable Cephalosporins. NALINEE ASWAPOKEE AND HAROLD C. NEU* ...... 444 In Vitro Activity of HR 756, a New Cephalosporin Against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. PATRICK R. MURRAY,* JUDY L. CHRISTMAN, AND GERALD MEDOFF. 452 Comparison of Microdilution and Broth Dilution Techniques for the Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts to 5-Fluorocytosine and Amphotericin B. MARY F. MA- ZENS,* GAIL P. ANDREWS, AND RAYMOND C. BARTLETT...... 475 Synergistic Effects of Ampicillin-Aminoglycoside Combinations on Group B Strep- tococci. M. D. COOPER,* R. E. KEENEY, S. F. LYONS, AND E. L. CHEATLE 484 In Vitro Activity of Mezlocillin and Its Related Compounds Against Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria. HARAGOPAL THADEPALLI,* IRA RoY, VINH T. BACH, AND DAVID WEBB ...... 487 Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Rough, Smooth, and Mucoid Colony Types of Pseudomonas Isolated from Cystic Fibrosis Patients. BONNIE A. MAYBURY,* JOANN BLESSING-MOORE, SHARON A. DEWIT, N. J. LEWISTON, AND ANNE S. YEAGER...... 494 Pharmacology and Therapeutics Cefamandole Therapy in Anaerobic Infections. RICHARD N. GREENBERG,* MAR- CELLA C. SCALCINI, CHARLES V. SANDERS, AND A. CARTER LEWIS...... 337 Vll... CONTENITS Clindamycin in Treatment of Aspiration Pneumonia in Children. ITZHAK BROOK 342 Avermectins, New Family of Potent Anthelmintic Agents: Efficacy of the Bia Component. J. R. EGERTON,* D. A. OSTLIND, L. S. BLAIR, C. H. EARY, D. SUHAYDA, S. CIFELLI, R. F. RIEK, AND W. C. CAMPBELL ...... 372 Quantitative Nasal Cultures from Carriers of Staphylcoccus aureus: Effects of Oral Therapy with Erythromycin, Rosamicin, and Placebo. SAMUEL Z. WILSON,* R. RUSSELL MARTIN, MARGARET PUTMAN, STEPHEN B. GREENBERG, RICHARD J. WALLACE, JR., AND JOSEPH G. JEMSEK ...... 379 Clinical Pharmacology of Intravenously Administered Trimethoprim-Sulfamethox- azole. WILLIAM E. GROSE, GERALD P. BODEY,* AND Ti Li Loo ... . 447 Role of Vancomycin as a Component of Oral Nonabsorbable Antibiotics for Micro- bial Suppression in Leukemic Patients. JOHN F. BENDER,* STEPHEN C. SCHIMPFF, VIOLA MAE YOUNG, CLARENCE L. FORTNER, MARY D. BROUILLET, LILLIAN J. LOVE, AND PETER H. WIERNIK ...... 455 Influence ofProbenecid on Serum Levels and Urinary Excretion ofCinoxacin. NAIR RODRIGUEZ, PAUL 0. MADSEN, AND PETER G. WELLING* .... 465 Effect of a Salmonella Group Hi R Factor on Virulence and Response of Infections to Antimicrobial Therapy. THOMAS BUTLER,* C. W. SHUSTER, AND AMALIA FRANCO .... 478 Pitfalls in Collecting Blood Specimens for Antibiotic Assay. SAYOMPORN SIRINA- VIN, JOHN D. NELSON,* AND GEORGE H. MCCRACKEN, JR.... 481 High-Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Assay of Chloramphenicol in Biological Fluids. R. H. BARRY SAMPLE,* MELVIN R. GLICK, MARTIN B. KLEIMAN, JAMES W. SMITH, AND TJIEN 0. OEI .... 491 Erratum Comparison of the In Vitro Activities of HR756 with Cephalothin, Cefoxitin, and Cefamandole. JACOB P. SOSNA, PATRICK R. MURRAY, AND GERALD MEDOFF 497 Volume 15 Contents for April Number 4 Biosynthesis; Chemistry; Mechanisms of Action and Resistance Dissociated Resistance Among Cephalosporins. PAMELA M. WATERWORTH* AND A. M. EMMERSON...... 497 Purification, Properties, and Cytotoxic Effect of a Bacteriocin from Mycobacterium smegmatis. HAJIME SAITO,* TAKASHI WATANABE, AND HARUAKI TOMIoKA 504 PeptidoglycanTranspeptidase Inhibition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Esche- richia coli by Penicilins and Cephalosporins. BRIAN A. MOORE,* SIDNEY JEVONS, AND KEITH W. BRAMMER ...... 513 Sporulation and the Production of Serine Protease and Cephamycin C by Strepto- myces lactamdurans. CHARLES L. GINTHER...... 522 Effect of Time and Concentration Upon Interaction Between Gentamicin, Tobra- mycin, Netibmicin, or Amikacin and Carbenicillin or Ticarcillin. LARRY K. PICKERING* AND PAm GEARHART ...... 592 Effects of Miconazole and Dodecylimidazole on Sterol Biosynthesis in Ustilago maydis. MATTHEW J. HENRY* AND HUGH D. SISLER .603 Physical Characterization of Ten R Plasmids Obtained from an Outbreak of Nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections. PETER L. SADOWSKI, BRYAN C. PETERSON, DALE N. GERDING,* AND PAUL P. CLEARY ...... 616 Physiological Effects and MiCrobial Susceptibility Thienamycin: New Beta-Lactam Antibiotic With Potent Broad-Spectrum Activity. SUSANNE S. WEAVER, GERALD P. BODEY,* AND BARBARA M. LEBLANC... 518 CONTENTS ix Conditional Antifolate Resistance in Bacillus subtilis thyA. JAMES L. FARMER 527 Antibiotic Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains from Europe and Africa. PETER PIOT,* EDDY VAN DYCK, JAN COLAERT, JEAN-PAUL URsI, EUGkNE BOSMANS, AND ANDRE MEHEUS ...... 535 Comparative In Vitro Activity of AzlociUin, Ampicillin, Mezlocillin, Piperacillin, and Ticarcillin, Alone and in Combination with an Aminoglycoside. G. WES- LEY WHITE,* JAMES B. MALOW, VICTORIA M. ZIMELIS, HOSSEIN PAHLAVAN- ZADEH, ANAND P. PANWALKER, AND GEORGE GEE JACKSON .540 Comparative Susceptibility of Penicillinase-Positive and -Negative Neisseria gonorrhoeae to 30 Antibiotics. WENDELL H. HALL,* ELIZABETH A. SCHIERL, AND JAMES E. MACCANI . 562 Killer Phenomenon in Pathogenic Yeast. JUDITH S. KANDEL AND TIMOTHY A. STERN * ...... 568 Comparison Between Agar and Broth Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Cefamandole, Cefoxitin, and Cefuroxime. MARGARETA RYLANDER,* JOHN- ERIK BRORSON, JAN JOHNSSON, AND RAGNAR NORRBY ...... 572 Bactericidal Effect of Combinations of Antimicrobial Drugs and Antineoplastic Antibiotics Against Staphylococcus aureus. JOHN Y. JACOBS,* JACQUES MICHEL, AND THEODORE SACKS ...... 580 Nosocomial Mutiply Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Epidemiology of an Out- break of Apparent Index Case Origin. DALE N. GERDING,* ALFRED E. Bux- TON, RITA A. HUGHES, PAUL P. CLEARY, JOSEPH ARBACZAWSKI, AND WALTER E. STAMM ...... 608 In Vitro System for Studying the Efficacy of Antiviral Agents in Preventing the Reactivation of Latent Herpes Simplex Virus. CHARLES WOHLENBERG, HARRY OPENSHAW, AND ABNER L. NOTKINS* ...... 625 Effect of Clavulanic Acid on the In Vitro Synergism Between Carbenicillin and Gentamicin Against Serratia marcescens. THIRA SIRISANTHANA AND STE- PHEN A. LERNER* ...... 630

Pharmacology and Therapeutics Bacampicillin, Ampicillin, Cephalothin, and Cephapirin Levels in Human Blood and Interstitial Fluid. JAMES S. TAN* AND SARA-JANE SALSTROM ...... 510 Modification of the Colorimetric Assay for Chloramphenicol in the Presence of Bilirubin. EDWARD 0. MASON, JR.,* SHELDON L. KAPLAN, CAROL J. BAKER, AND DOROTHY A. RITTER ...... 544 Effect of Pyran on Latency After Herpes Simplex Virus Infections. PAGE S. MORAHAN,* PAUL F. CLINE, MARY C. BREINIG, AND BYRON K. MURRAY .... 547 Effect of Acycloguanosine Treatment on Acute and Latent Herpes Simplex Infec- tions in Mice. HUGH J. FIELD,* SUSANNE E. BELL, GERTRUDE B. ELION, ANTHONY A. NASH, AND PETER WILDY ...... 554 Pharmacokinetic Determinants of Penicillin Cure of Gonococcal Urethritis. HAR- OLD W. JAFFE, ARNOLD L. SCHROETER, GLADYS H. REYNOLDS,* AKBAR A. ZAIDI, JOHN E. MARTIN, JR., AND JAMES D. THAYER .587 Antifungal Activity of Tioconazole (UK-20,349), a New Imidazole Derivative. S. JEVONS,* G. E. GYMER, K. W. BRAMMER, D. A. COX, AND M. R. G. LEEMING 597 Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Amoxicillin in Pediatric Patients. RAUL C. RU- DOY,* NORMA GoTO, DIANE PETTIT, AND HERBERT UEMURA ...... 628 Erratum Effect of Treatment with 5-Ethyl-2'-Deoxyuridine on Herpes Simplex Virus En- cephalitis in Normal and Immunosuppressed Mice. WILLIAM B. DAVIS, JOHN E. OAKES, AND JOHN A. TAYLOR .633 x CONTENTS Volume 15 Contents for May Number 5 Biosynthesis; Chemistry; MechanismS of Action and Resistance Phosphonopeptides as Antibacterial Agents: Rationale, Chemistry, and Structure- Activity Relationships. FRANK R. ATHERTON, MICHAEL J. HALT, CEDRIC H. HASSALL,* ROBERT W. LAMBERT, AND PETER S. RINGRO8E ...... 677 Phosphonopeptides as Antibacterial Agents: Mechanism of Action of Alaphosphin. FRANK R. ATHERTON, MICHAEL J. HALL, CEDRIC H. HASSALL,* ROBERT W. LAMBERT, WILLIAM J. LLOYD, AND PETER S. RINGROSE ...... 696 Classification of Polyene Antibiotics According to Chemical Structure and Biolog- ical Effects. J. KOTLER-BRAJTBURG, G. MEDOFF, G. S. KOBAYASHI,* S. BOGGS, D. SCHLESSINGER, R. C. PANDEY, AND K. L. RINEHART, JR...... 716 Antifolate Activity of Isoaminopterin in HeLa Cells. HORTENCIA ROSEMOND-HORN- BEAK* AND M. G. NAIR ...... Biosynthesis of Kitasamycin (Leucomycin) by Leucine Analog-Resistant Mutants of Streptomyces kitasatoensis. CLAUDE VEZINA,* CECILE BOLDUC, ALICIA KUDELSKI, AND PIERRE AUDET ...... 738 Physiological Effects and Microbial Susceptibility ..730 In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and B-Lactamase Stability of SCE-129, a New Cephalosporin. HAROLD C. NEU* AND KWUNG P. Fu . 646 Effect of Fatty Acyl Group and Sterol Composition on Sensitivity of Lecithin Liposomes to Imidazole Antimycotics. HIDEYO YAMAGUCHI* AND KAZUO IWATA ...... 706 Pharmacology and Therapeutics Influence of Single or Multiple Doses of Gentamicin and Netilmicin on Their Cortical, Medullary, and Papillary Distribution. MICHEL G. BERGERON* AND SYLVIE TROTTIER ...... 635 Growth Inhibition by Acycloguanosine of Herpesviruses Isolated from Human Infections. CLYDE S. CRUMPACKER,* LOWELL E. SCHNIPPER, JOHN A. ZAIA, AND MYRON J. LEVIN .642 Chloramphenicol Pharmacokinetics in Hospitalized Patients. JEFFREY R. Koup,* ALAN H. LAu, BARBARA BRODSKY, AND RICHARD L. SLAUGHTER .. .. 651 Relationship Between Serum and Saliva Chloramphenicol Concentrations. JEF- FREY R. Koup,* ALAN H. LAu, BARBARA BRODSKY, AND RICHARD L. SLAUGH- TER .. 658 Treatment of Recurrent Herpes Simplex Labialis with Levamisole. S. L. SPRU- ANCE,* G, G. KRUEGER, J. MACCALMAN, J. C. OVERALL, JR., AND M. R. KLAUBER ...... 662 Effect of Cephalothin on Measurement of Creatinine Concentration. LAURA I. RANKIN,* RICHARD R. SWAIN, AND FRIEDRICH C. LUFT .666 Pharmacokinetics of Bay k 4999, a New Broad-Spectrum Penicillin. R. WISE,* B. CADGE, A. P. GILLETT, A. BHAMJEE, R. LIVINGSTONE, P. G. WELLING, AND D. P. THORNHILL .670 Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Cefamandole in Newborn Infants. M. M. AGBAY- ANI,* A. J. KHAN, P. KEMAW1KASIT, W. ROSENFIELD, D. SALAZAR, K. KUMAR, L. GLASS, AND H. E. EVANS .674 Phosphonopeptides as Antibacterial Agents: Alaphosphin and Related Phosphon- odipeptides. JOHN G. ALLEN, FRANK R. ATHERTON, MICHAEL J. HALL, CEDRIC H. HASSALL,* SIMON W. HOLMES, ROBERT W. LAMBERT, LOUIS J. NISBET, AND PETER S. RINGROSE .684 CONTENTS xi Comparative Penetration of Various Cephalosporins into Inflammatory Exudate. ISABEL C. GUERRERO AND ROB RoY MACGREGOR* ...... 712 Latent Herpes Simplex Virus Infections in Sensory Ganglia of Hairless Mice Prevented by Acycloguanosine. RICHARD J. KLEIN, * ALVIN E. FRIEDMAN- KIEN, AND EUGENE DESTEFANO ...... 723 Effectiveness of Nafcillin, Methicillin, and Cephalothin in Experimental Staphylo- coccus aureus Endocarditis. JAIME CARRIZOSA, WILLIAM D. KOBASA, AND DONALD KAYE* ...... 735 Volume 15 Contents for June Number 6 Biosynthesis; Chemistry; Mechanisms of Action and Resistance Mechanism and Specificity of Action of Ribavirin. MICHAEL J. BROWNE ...... 747 Characteristics of Herpesvirus Mutants Resistant to Phosphonoformate and Phos- phonoacetate. BERTIL ERIKSSON* AND Bo OBERG ...... 758 Emergence of Resistance to Cefamandole: Possible Role of Cefoxitin-Inducible Beta-Lactamases. CHRISTINE C. SANDERS* AND W. EUGENE SANDERS, JR. . 792 Inhibition of Clostridium botulinum by p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid n-Alkyl Esters. M. DYMICKY* AND C. N. HUHTANEN ...... 798 Preliminary Studies of the Mode of Action of Arildone, a Novel Antiviral Agent. MICHAEL F. KUHRT,* MARILYN J. FANCHER, VENKATANARAYANA JASTY, FRANCIS PANCIC, AND PAUL E. CAME ...... 813 Penetrability of the Outer Membrane of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Relation to Acquired Resistance to penicillin and Other Antibiotics. R. ALLAN SCUDA- MORE,* TERRANCE J. BEVERIDGE, AND MORRIS GOLDNER ...... 820 Plasmid-Related Transmissibility and Multiple Drug Resistance in Streptococcus faecalis subsp. Zymogenes Strain DS16. P. K. TOMICH, F. AN, S. P. DAMLE, AND D. B. CLEWELL* ...... 828 Physiological Effects and Microbial Susceptibility Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium fortuitum Complex. DAVID F. WELCH AND MICHAEL T. KELLY* ...... 754 Variability of Agar Dilution-Replicator Method of Yeast Susceptibility Testing. CORSTIAAN BRASS,* J. ZEVI SHAINHOUSE, AND DAVID A. STEVENS ...... 763 Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Using Tetrazolium Reduction. RAYMOND C. BARTLETT* AND MARY F. MAZENS ...... 769 In Vitro Activity of Furazlocillin (Bay k 4999) Compared with Those of Mezlocillin, Piperacillin, and Standard Beta-Lactam Antibiotics. THOMAS D. GOOTZ,* CHRISTINE C. SANDERS, AND W. EUGENE SANDERS, JR ...... 783 Inhibition of Transpeptidase Activity in Escherichia coli by Thienamycin. BRIAN A. MOORE,* SIDNEY JEVONS, AND KEITH W. BRAMMER ...... 831 Correlation of Netilmicin Disk Diffusion Susceptibility and Agar Dilution Suscep- tibility. KWUNG P. FU AND HAROLD C. NEU* ...... 834 Comparative Susceptibility of Haemophilus Species to Cefaclor, Cefamandole, and Five Other Cephalosporins and Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, and Tetracycline. CHATRCHAI WATANAKUNAKORN* AND CHERYL GLOTZBECKER ...... 836 Pharmacology and Therapeutics Therapy of Experimental Herpes Simplex Encephalitis with Aciclovir in Mice. No- HEE PARK, DEBORAH PAVAN-LANGSTON,* SANDRA L. MCCLEAN, AND DANIEL M. ALBERT ...... 775 XII CONTENTS Relationship Between Aminoglycoside-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Auditory Tox- icity. CRAIG R. SMITH,* JAMES J. LIPSKY, AND PAUL S. LIETMAN ...... 780 Significance of Methicillin Tolerance in Experimental Staphylococcal Endocarditis.

PEGGY L. GOLDMAN AND ROBERT G. PETERSDORF* ...... I ...... 802 Clinical and Laboratory Evaluation ofCefamandole in the Therapy ofHaemophilus spp. Bronchopulmonary Infections. DENNIS G. DELGADO,* CARMEN J. BRAu, C. GLENN COBBS, AND WILLIAM E. DISMUKES ...... 807 Errata

New Rapid Bioassay of Gentamicin Based on Luciferase Assay of Extraceliular ATP in Bacterial Cultures. LENNART NILSSON ...... 839 Large-Scale Production and Concentration of Human Lymphoid Interferon. FRED- ERICK KLEIN, ROBERT T. RIcKErrs, WILLIAM I. JONES, IRA A. DEARMON, MATTHEW J. TEMPLE, KATHYRN C. ZOON, AND PAMELA J. BRIDGEN .839 Bactericidal Effect of Combinations of Antimicrobial Drugs and Antineoplastic Antibiotics Against Staphylococcus aureus. JOHN Y. JACOBS, JACQUES MICHEL, AND THEODORE SACKS .839 INDEX TO DATE OF ISSUE

Month Date of Issue Pages

January 23 January 1979 1-145 February 15 February 1979 147-323 March 23 March 1979 325-496 April 20 April 1979 497-33 May 7 May 1979 635-746 June 1 June 1979 747439