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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Unintended Pregnancy Among Research Article ISSN: 2574 -1241 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.30.004984 Prevalence and Associated Factors of Unintended Pregnancy Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Unit at Jimma University Medical Center: A Cross Sectional Study Niguse Hamba*, Mengistu Ayele and Tinsae Amsalu Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia *Corresponding author: Niguse Hamba, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: September 09, 2020 Background: Unintended pregnancy is an important public health problem in both Published: September 23, 2020 imposedeveloping serious and healthdeveloped problems countries, to mothers because and of their its association infants by causing with adverse an unnecessarily social and Citation: health outcomes for mothers, babies, and family as a whole. Unintended pregnancies aimed to determine the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy and assess associated factors Niguse Hamba, Mengistu Ayele, high risk of pregnancy-related complications and self-induced abortions. Hence, this study Tinsae Amsalu. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Unintended Pregnancy Among among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Jimma University Medical Center.In Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care this study a facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on pregnant women Unit at Jimma University Medical Center: A following antenatal care at Jimma University Medical Center from July 25 to August 20, Cross Sectional Study. Biomed J Sci & Tech 2019. A convenience sampling technique was used, and sample size was calculated as Keywords:Res 30(4)-2020. BJSTR. MS.ID.004984. 194. The Prevalence of unintended pregnancy was 32.5% among the study sample; the andmajority residence, of the education,unintended and pregnancies the use of were modern miss-timed contraceptive followed methods. by husband The prevalence influence. Antenatal Care;Unintended The significant association (95% CI, p<0.05) was seen between unintended pregnancy Pregnancy;Modern Contraceptive of unintended pregnancy was high in the study area; and programs improving educational status of the partner and knowledge of modern contraceptive methods is demanded. Introduction from often life-threatening complications. In Ethiopia, unsafe Unintended pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy which is not due to different reasons like; not using family planning, failure of abortion is the second common cause of maternal mortality, which wanted and/or not planed at the time of conception [1]. It happens contraceptive methods, lack of contraceptive methods, incidental accounts for 19.7% maternal mortality [6]. A national study done in Ethiopia indicates that the number of induced abortions was 620,300Unintended in 2014 pregnancy[7]. is one of the most critical problems sexual intercourse, including rape, and lack of awareness regarding health issue in developed and developing countries because of family planning [2].Unintended pregnancy is an important public and social costs on society. Unintended pregnancy leads to in the public health system that imposes substantial financial both mothers and children. The most common consequence of its negative association with the social and health outcomes for indicates that unintended pregnancy, affects fertility indicators the reduction of quality of life and workforce efficiency, which unintended pregnancy is unsafe abortion [3]. Of the estimated 210 million pregnancies that occur throughout the world each [3,8].The prevalence of unintended pregnancy is still high year, about 38 percent are unplanned, out of which 22 percent end worldwide. According to WHO, every year there are around 210 in abortion [4].Ninety-five percent of unsafe abortions occur in million pregnancies world-wide, out of these pregnancies, 44% developing countries [5]. Millions more suffer long-term injuries of pregnancies are unintended and around 59% pregnancies Copyright@ Niguse Hamba | Biomed J Sci & Tech Res | BJSTR. MS.ID.004984. 23576 Volume 30- Issue 4 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.30.004984 Exclusion criteria: ended by abortion. Most of these unintended pregnancies (65 Pregnant women who had a hearing, pregnancies per 1000 women) happen in developing countries like Samplespeech problem, Size and and Sampling critically ill Technique were excluded from the study. Ethiopia [9,10]. Different studies done in Ethiopia indicate that the prevalence of unintended pregnancy is 37.8%, 36.9%, 33.3%, 36.5% and 32.9% in Addis Ababa [11], Dilla[12], Harar [13], Wellega[14], The sample size was determined based on the single population Debre Markos [15] respectively. There are multiple reasons for proportion formula, with an assumption that 29% of pregnant of contraception, unreliable method of contraception, failure of unplanned pregnancy, normally non-use of contraception, failure women are having unplanned pregnancy in the area [18]. With 5% margin of error (d) and confidence level of 95% (z α/2 = 1.96). reproductive health is one important that contributed to unplanned contraception, or rape [16]. Lack of knowledge on sexual and However, because, the total pregnant women attending the health care system were less than 10,000 and we used a correction formula pregnancy especially in teenage girls who are commonly left out in to come up with the final sample size. A convenient sampling the national contraceptive program [17]. technique was used because the pregnant women attending the ANC unite in the area were quite limited and it was almost less formula. Unintended pregnancy is high among women who have lower/ than 500. Hence, Sample size is determined by using the following no educational level, single women, women who have low income, 2 women who have multiple sexual partners, unemployed women, (z α /2) pp(1 − ) women who didn’t use family planning, multiparous mothers, ni = d2 young women, women who traveled long time to reach health facility, women who have more children, multi-gravida women, 1.962 0.29 1− 0.29 women who are not visited by health professionals, women who ( ) ( ) ni = 2 = 316 discussed with their husband and women who desire fewer children ( ) [11-16].Although several international declarations were passed on the problem, many in sub-Saharan Africa are suffering from 0.05 unwanted pregnancy. In most African countries, abortion remains ni =316 both unauthorized and unsafe, and the leading cause of maternal death accounted for a global average of 1.3% of pregnancy-related Where ni- The initial sample size required fatalities [17].This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors P-National prevalence of unplanned pregnancies among woman attending the antenatal care unit of Jimma university medical associated with unintended pregnancy among pregnant women in reproductive age =29% (17) d- The margin of sampling error tolerated Mostly5% Methodscentre from and July Materials25 to August 20, 2019. zα/2- is 95% of confidence interval Study Area and Period Since our source population is less than 10,000, which are 500 we use the correction formula as follows.n This study was conducted among pregnant women who were nf = n attending the antenatal clinic at Jimma University Medical center 1 + N (JUMC) from July 25 to August 20, 2019. JUMC is one of the teaching 316 Studyhospitals Design in Ethiopia, located 345 km southwest to Addis Ababa. nf = = 194 316 1 + SourceAn institutional-based Population cross-sectional study was employed. 500 StudyAll pregnantPopulation women who attended ANC follow up at JUMC. Where, • nf= final sample size during the study period. All pregnant women who attended ANC follow up at JUMC • n=total study population which is 316 Inclusion Criteria and Exclusion Criteria Data• collectionN=source Method population and which Instrument is 500. Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women who visited the ANC unit The data was collected by face to face interviews using a during the data collection period and who fulfilled the inclusion structured questionnaire and pre-tested questionnaire. criteria were included. Copyright@ Niguse Hamba | Biomed J Sci & Tech Res | BJSTR. MS.ID.004984. 23577 Volume 30- Issue 4 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.30.004984 Data Quality Control Table 1: Socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants. Socio-demographic Characteristics of the Study Participants The questionnaire was prepared in English for the first time Variable Frequency(N) Percentage (%) and translated to the local language by a person who does not have Age Group (yrs) any involvement in the study as well as to the discipline. After the 3 translation has over, all necessary modifications were taken place. 28.9 The data collectors were medical interns and midwifery, both of 15-19 1.5 49.0 them were working at the ANC unit in JUMC. To check the validity 20-24 56 and reliability of the questionnaire, a pilot study was conducted 25-29 9529 14.9 on 5% of the actual sample size at JUMC, Oromia region. Moreover, 30-34 11 Training was given for the data collectors to minimize technical and 35-45 Marital Status 5.7 observational biases. The questionnaire was modified based on 181 93.3 checked for completeness and consistency before commencing information obtained from pre-test results, as necessary. Data were MarriedSingle 2 1.0 analysis. 4 2.1 Dependent Variable WidowedDivorced 7 3.6 • Prevalence of unintended pregnancy Age at First Marriage 11 In dependent Variables 15-19 5.7 20-24 115 59.3 • Age 25-29 3 65 33.5 30-34 1.5
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