DOCSLIB.ORG

An Integrative Approach to Intercultural Communication in Context: Emprical Evidences from Higher Education

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH TO INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT: EMPRICAL EVIDENCES FROM HIGHER EDUCATION By Anteneh Tsegaye Ayalew A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Language, Literature and Culture of Justus Liebieg University Giessen in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of English June 2012, Giessen, Germany ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A lot of individuals and institutions contribute to the success of my PhD work. I am very thankful to all of them for their professional, financial and personal assistances. I am indebted to the professional and personal guidance of my principal supervisor Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Hallet without whom the long road to my PhD work would not have been possible. I always appreciate his immediate responses to my questions in cases of difficulties. Thank you for your diligence to make my stay in Germany comfortable and fruitful. My heartfelt acknowledgment goes to Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD) for funding the project and my stay in Germany. I am also thankful to the IPP team, International PhD Program in Cultural and Literary Studies, for their unreserved support. I have benefitted from your colloquiums and friendly guidance. I should also thank you for your financial support of my presentations and research trips in various countries including the United States. I do not have enough words to thank the love of my life, Liya Molla, without whom the success of my work and my life would not have been pleasant. All these years you were alone to take care of our little angel, Keti Anteneh and Olmann Anteneh. I cannot wait to join you again and share the joy of being together and caring for our daughter. I am honored to mention my mother, Tadelech Belihu, and my father, Tsegaye Ayalew, for their love and life experience that helped me reach this step of my life. I am also delighted to acknowledge all my research participants. I also thank the individuals involved in translating and typesetting the ethnographic materials. I am grateful to mention Kenenisa Beressa, Nebiyat Abebe, Henock Ayalew, and Habtachin Yilma for their regular help during the data collection period. I am also pleased to thank David Ghatei and Judy Cooper for editing the final version of the dissertation. It is a great opportunity for me to thank Claudia Weber for the German translation of the summary of this work. Lastly, but not least, I am more than happy to show gratitude to all my friends in Germany for your friendship and unlimited care. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS i LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES vi ABSTRACT vii CHAPTER ONE: SETTING THE RESEARCH AGENDA 1 Background of the study 1 Problem statement and its theoretical base 5 The research questions 11 Organization of the dissertation 13 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 18 Issues in contemporary higher education and the new demand 19 Diversity in higher education 20 Internationalization of higher education 24 Multiculturalism and its promises 26 Problems with multiculturalism 30 Imperatives for intercultural communication in higher education context 32 Approaches and theories in the study of intercultural communication 41 Approaches to studying intercultural communication 43 Review of theories and models in intercultural communication 51 CHAPTER THREE: AN INTEGRATIVE MODEL TO INTERCULTURAL 72 COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT What is new and why integrative 72 Assumptions about theory and intercultural communication 78 Assumptions about theory 78 Assumptions about intercultural communication 79 Assumptions about culture and communication 84 Conceptualizing culture 85 The nature of communication 95 The model and its analytical tools 99 Intercultural competence 101 Communication styles 107 ii Ethnic/cultural identity salience 111 Intercultural conflict resolution styles 114 Contexts 118 Power relations 122 CHAPTER FOUR: THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 129 Mixed methods research 129 Why mixed-methods research 133 The research design and the process model 134 The qualitative study 137 Data collection: Tools and procedure 138 Ethnographic interview: Participants, focus areas and procedure 139 Focus group discussions: Participants and procedure 145 Ethnographic field-notes and documents 148 Data transcription and translation 151 Qualitative data analysis and management 153 Grounded theory methodology 153 Data analysis with NVIVO 9 software 154 The quantitative study 158 Developing and piloting the Survey Form 159 Survey participants 160 The Survey Form: Variables and scales 161 Quantitative data analysis 168 CHAPTER FIVE: STUDY COUNTRY, RESEARCH SETTING AND 170 THE INTERVIEW PARTICIPANTS Study country: Sociopolitical history and political culture in Ethiopia 171 Ethiopian higher education context: An overview 175 The research setting 177 Descriptions of interview participants 181 Student participants 181 Teacher participants 188 University management participants 194 iii Descriptions of the ethnographic sites and events for field-notes 200 CHAPTER SIX: INTERCULTURAL EXPERIENCES IN ETHIOPIAN HIGHER EDUCATION: 202 AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY Diversity and multiculturalism 204 Diversity and campus composition 204 Multiculturalism as a guiding educational policy 216 The macro-level contexts: State and the University 217 The micro-level context: The University 221 The campus climate 221 Ethnicity as a stratifying factor 230 Ethnic identification 230 Ethnicity and classroom instruction 236 Ethnicity and student evaluation 242 The institutional communication 248 Intercultural communication perceptions and practices 254 Intercultural conflicts and campus unrest 267 CHAPTER SEVEN: PROMOTING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION 278 IN HIGHER EDUCATION Discontents with multiculturalism 278 Interculturalism as a guiding educational policy and institutional arrangement 282 The intercultural curriculum: mainstreaming intercultural communication 284 The intercultural campus 290 Institutional policies and strategies 291 The intercultural university teacher 298 The intercultural university leadership 300 Intercultural support and facilities 303 The new partnership: State, community and higher education 310 CHAPTER EIGHT: ASSESSMENT OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: 313 A QAUNTITATIVE STUDY Descriptive statistics: Socio-demographic profiles and campus diversity 313 Assessment of the dependent variables 319 Intercultural competence 319 iv Intercultural competency 319 Personal characteristics/qualities 321 Perceived proficiency in the host languages 323 Intercultural areas 325 Associations between intercultural competence variables 330 Predicting engagement in intercultural relations and collaborations 332 Communication styles 334 Ethnic/cultural identity salience 336 Intercultural conflict resolution styles 340 Identity salience and conflict styles 341 CHAPTER NINE: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 343 Conclusions 346 Recommendations 352 REFERENCES 355 APPENDICES 383 Appendix 4.1: Interview guidelines 383 Appendix 4.2: Focus group discussion themes 384 Appendix 4.3: The Survey Form 385 v LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Figure 3.1: An integrative model to intercultural communication in context 99 Figure 4.1: Visual diagram of exploratory sequential design used to collect 136 and analyze data Figure 5.1: Map of Ethiopia 172 Figure 5.2: Addis Ababa University main campus 179 Figure 5.3: AAU Office of the President 179 Figure 5.4: Sample of pictures from the teachers’ lounge 200 Figure 5.5: Sample of pictures demonstrating students’ cultural shows 202 Table 4.1: FGD participants, home institutions and expertise 147 Table 4.2: Summary of variables, research questions and the measuring scales 163 Table 5.1: Overview of student participants’ profile 182 Table 5.2: Overview of teacher participants’ profile 189 Table 5.3: Overview of leadership participants’ profile 195 Table 6.1: Data on enrollment and graduates of AAU 205 Table 6.2: Gender representation at Sidist Kilo campus across faculties 206 Table 6.3: Regional origin of the academic staff at Sidist Kilo campus 211 Table 8.1: Socio-demographic variables: Gender, age and regional origin 315 Table 8.2: Socio-demographic variables: ethnicity, mother tongue and religion 317 Table 8.3: Reliability analysis of intercultural competency scale and components 320 Table 8.4: Correlation among components of intercultural competency 320 Table 8.5: Descriptive statistics for intercultural competency and components 321 Table 8.6: Mean values for self-reported personal attributes in home and host culture 323 Table 8.7: Assessing intercultural relationships, language preference and 327 task collaboration Table 8.8: Correlations between intercultural competence variables 332 Table 8.9: Intercultural relations regressed on intercultural competence variables 333 Table 8.10: Intercultural collaboration regressed on intercultural competence variables 334 Table 8.11: Descriptive statistics for ethnic and cultural identity salience 337 Table 8.12: Descriptive statistics for ethnic and cultural identity across ethnicities 339 Table 8.13: Descriptive statistics for intercultural conflict resolution styles 340 vi ABSTRACT Applying an exploratory mixed-methods research, ethnographic and quantitative findings were generated to describe and explain intercultural communication perceptions and experiences in a higher educational context in Ethiopia. The qualitative findings revealed that diversity has been prevalent among students but not in the staff or administration. The campus has been characterized as a divided academic community, exercising high
Recommended publications
  • Enter Doc Title Here

    Enter Doc Title Here

    ETHIOPIA MONTHLY MARKET June 2013 WATCH ETHIOPIA MONTHLY MARKET WATCH June 2013 Highlights In June 2013, year-on-year inflation increased by 7.4% for general, 3.7% for food and 11.9% for non-food inflation. The month-to-month inflation has shown increment; 0.76% for general, 0.33% for food and 2.82% for bread and cereals. Compared to May 2013, import parity price of maize (Black Sea) and wheat (US Gulf) at Addis Ababa remained stable with increases of 2%. The nominal wholesale price of staple cereals increased in all monitored markets at higher rate as compared to previous month. The month-to-month increased rate is relatively higher for maize as compared wheat and sorghum including in major supply markets of the country. Nominal retail price of maize, wheat and sorghum showed month-to-month increase in most markets; however, the rate of increase is higher in most of East and West Hararghe woreda markets and also in few markets of SNNP and Tigray region. Inflation and Consumer Price Index (CPI) In June 2013, year-on-year inflation that measures the price change between the same months of two consecutive years (June 2013 against June 2012) increased by 7.4% for general, 3.7% for food and 11.9% for non-food inflation. These Figure 1: Trends of county level CPI inflation rates indicate that the cost of living increased by the same percent compared to June 2012. Similarly, bread and cereals inflation in June 2013 has increased by 8% as compared to similar month last year.
  • Pulses in Ethiopia, Their Taxonomy and Agricultural Significance E.Westphal

    Pulses in Ethiopia, Their Taxonomy and Agricultural Significance E.Westphal

    Pulses in Ethiopia, their taxonomy andagricultura l significance E.Westphal JN08201,579 E.Westpha l Pulses in Ethiopia, their taxonomy and agricultural significance Proefschrift terverkrijgin g van degraa dva n doctori nd elandbouwwetenschappen , opgeza gva n derecto r magnificus, prof.dr .ir .H .A . Leniger, hoogleraar ind etechnologie , inne t openbaar teverdedige n opvrijda g 15 maart 1974 desnamiddag st evie ruu r ind eaul ava nd eLandbouwhogeschoo lt eWageninge n Centrefor AgriculturalPublishing and Documentation Wageningen- 8February 1974 46° 48° TOWNS AND VILLAGES DEBRE BIRHAN 56 MAJI DEBRE SINA 57 BUTAJIRA KARA KORE 58 HOSAINA KOMBOLCHA 59 DE8RE ZEIT (BISHUFTU) BATI 60 MOJO TENDAHO 61 MAKI SERDO 62 ADAMI TULU 8 ASSAB 63 SHASHAMANE 9 WOLDYA 64 SODDO 10 KOBO 66 BULKI 11 ALAMATA 66 BAKO 12 LALIBELA 67 GIDOLE 13 SOKOTA 68 GIARSO 14 MAICHEW 69 YABELO 15 ENDA MEDHANE ALEM 70 BURJI 16 ABIYAOI 71 AGERE MARIAM 17 AXUM 72 FISHA GENET 16 ADUA 73 YIRGA CHAFFE 19 ADIGRAT 74 DILA 20 SENAFE 75 WONDO 21 ADI KAYEH 76 YIRGA ALEM 22 ADI UGRI 77 AGERE SELAM 23 DEKEMHARE 78 KEBRE MENGIST (ADOLA) 24 MASSAWA 79 NEGELLI 25 KEREN 80 MEGA 26 AGOROAT 81 MOYALE 27 BARENIU 82 DOLO 28 TESENEY 83 EL KERE 29 OM HAJER 84 GINIR 30 DEBAREK 85 ADABA 31 METEMA 86 DODOLA 32 GORGORA 87 BEKOJI 33 ADDIS ZEMEN 88 TICHO 34 DEBRE TABOR 89 NAZRET (ADAMA 35 BAHAR DAR 90 METAHARA 36 DANGLA 91 AWASH 37 INJIBARA 92 MIESO 38 GUBA 93 ASBE TEFERI 39 BURE 94 BEDESSA 40 DEMBECHA 95 GELEMSO 41 FICHE 96 HIRNA 42 AGERE HIWET (AMB3) 97 KOBBO 43 BAKO (SHOA) 98 DIRE DAWA 44 GIMBI 99 ALEMAYA
  • Ethiopia and Eritrea: Border War Sandra F

    Ethiopia and Eritrea: Border War Sandra F

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Richmond University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Political Science Faculty Publications Political Science 2000 Ethiopia and Eritrea: Border War Sandra F. Joireman University of Richmond, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/polisci-faculty-publications Part of the African Studies Commons, and the International Relations Commons Recommended Citation Joireman, Sandra F. "Ethiopia and Eritrea: Border War." In History Behind the Headlines: The Origins of Conflicts Worldwide, edited by Sonia G. Benson, Nancy Matuszak, and Meghan Appel O'Meara, 1-11. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale Group, 2001. This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the Political Science at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Political Science Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ethiopia and Eritrea: Border War History Behind the Headlines, 2001 The Conflict The war between Ethiopia and Eritrea—two of the poorest countries in the world— began in 1998. Eritrea was once part of the Ethiopian empire, but it was colonized by Italy from 1869 to 1941. Following Italy's defeat in World War II, the United Nations determined that Eritrea would become part of Ethiopia, though Eritrea would maintain a great deal of autonomy. In 1961 Ethiopia removed Eritrea's independence, and Eritrea became just another Ethiopian province. In 1991 following a revolution in Ethiopia, Eritrea gained its independence. However, the borders between Ethiopia and Eritrea had never been clearly marked.
  • Confict Resolution

    Confict Resolution

    AFRICAN JOURNAL ON CONFLICT RESOLUTION Volume 16, Number 2, 2016 Efficacy of top-down approaches to post-conflict social coexistence and community building: Experiences from Zimbabwe ‘There’s no thing as a whole story’: Storytelling and the healing of sexual violence survivors among women and girls in Acholiland, northern Uganda Volume 16, Number 2, 2016 Number 2, 2016 16, Volume Competing orders and conflicts at the margins of the State: Inter-group conflicts along the Ethiopia-Kenya border Indigenous institutions as an alternative conflict resolution mechanism in eastern Ethiopia: The case of the Ittu Oromo and Issa Somali clans African Journal on Conflict Resolution Volume 16, Number 2, 2016 The African Journal on Conflict Resolution is a peer-reviewed journal published by the African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD) for the multidisciplinary subject field of conflict resolution. There are two regular issues per year, and occasionally also a special issue on a particular theme. It appears on the list of journals accredited by the South African Department of Higher Education and Training. ACCORD is a non-governmental, non-aligned conflict resolution organisation based in Durban, South Africa. ACCORD is constituted as an education trust. The journal seeks to publish articles and book reviews on subjects relating to conflict, its management and resolution, as well as peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding in Africa. It aims to be a conduit between theory and practice. Views expressed in this journal are not necessarily those of ACCORD. While every attempt is made to ensure that the information published here is accurate, no responsibility is accepted for any loss or damage that may arise out of the reliance of any person upon any of the information this journal contains.
  • Prevalence and Determinants of Unintended Pregnancy Among

    Prevalence and Determinants of Unintended Pregnancy Among

    Mohammed et al. BMC Women's Health (2016) 16:56 DOI 10.1186/s12905-016-0335-1 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among pregnant woman attending ANC at Gelemso General Hospital, Oromiya Region, East Ethiopia: a facility based cross-sectional study Faiza Mohammed1*, Abdulbasit Musa2 and Abdella Amano3 Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancy is among the major public health problems that predispose women to maternal death and illness mainly through unsafe abortion and poor maternity care. The level of unintended pregnancy is high in developing countries. Hence, the purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of unintended pregnancy and the associated factors among pregnant woman attending antenatal care at Gelemso General Hospital, East Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 10 to April 13, 2015 among women who had attended antenatal care at Gelemso General Hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 413 participants. Data were collected via face-to-face interview using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were made to check the associations among the variables and to control the confounding factors. Results: Out of the 413 pregnancies, 112 (27.1 %) were unintended of which 90(21.9 %) were mistimed, and 22(5.2 %) were unwanted. Multivariate analysis revealed that single, divorced/widowed marital statuses, having more than 2 children, and having no awareness of contraception were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy. Conclusion: Over a quarter of women had an unintended pregnancy, a rate which is lower than previously reported.
  • “The Unfolding Conflict in Ethiopia”

    “The Unfolding Conflict in Ethiopia”

    Statement of Lauren Ploch Blanchard Specialist in African Affairs Before Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations U.S. House of Representatives Hearing on “The Unfolding Conflict in Ethiopia” December 1, 2020 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov <Product Code> {222A0E69-13A2-4985-84AE-73CC3D FF4D02}-TE-163211152070077203169089227252079232131106092075203014057180128125130023132178096062140209042078010043236175242252234126132238088199167089206156154091004255045168017025130111087031169232241118025191062061197025113093033136012248212053148017155066174148175065161014027044011224140053166050 Congressional Research Service 1 Overview The outbreak of hostilities in Ethiopia’s Tigray region in November reflects a power struggle between the federal government of self-styled reformist Prime Minister Abiy (AH-bee) Ahmed and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), a former rebel movement that dominated Ethiopian politics for more than a quarter century before Abiy’s ascent to power in 2018.1 The conflict also highlights ethnic tensions in the country that have worsened in recent years amid political and economic reforms. The evolving conflict has already sparked atrocities, spurred refugee flows, and strained relations among countries in the region. The reported role of neighboring Eritrea in the hostilities heightens the risk of a wider conflict. After being hailed for his reforms and efforts to pursue peace at home and in the region, Abiy has faced growing criticism from some observers who express concern about democratic backsliding. By some accounts, the conflict in Tigray could undermine his standing and legacy.2 Some of Abiy’s early supporters have since become critics, accusing him of seeking to consolidate power, and some observers suggest his government has become increasingly intolerant of dissent and heavy-handed in its responses to law and order challenges.3 Abiy and his backers argue their actions are necessary to preserve order and avert further conflict.
  • Ethiopian Perspective Artical Name : Elections in Strained Dynamics Artical Subject : 01/07/2021 Publish Date: Anwar Ibrahim

    Ethiopian Perspective Artical Name : Elections in Strained Dynamics Artical Subject : 01/07/2021 Publish Date: Anwar Ibrahim

    Artical Name : Ethiopian Perspective Artical Subject : Elections in Strained Dynamics Publish Date: 01/07/2021 Auther Name: Anwar Ibrahim Subject : The election, which was held in Ethiopia on Monday, June 21, 2021, was the most complicated election that the country has witnessed in more than three decades, or, more accurately, since the 1994 constitution was approved. The reason is that this election was held amid lots of internal challenges, not to mention the strong criticism of its legitimacy (both domestically and internationally) even before it was held. Ethiopians are warily looking forward to the results, which are supposed to be announced within a few days, despite that it is not unlikely that these results will escalate the tensions in an already unrest-ridden country. Elections in contextOver the past two decades, Ethiopia held five parliamentary elections; where the parliament exercises its power for a period of five years, according to the Ethiopian constitution. In all of these elections, electoral integrity was called into question, and public disorder took place in some regions and provinces. Furthermore, some political parties boycotted these elections, whereas others were prevented from participating on some pretext or other. As for the current election, it took place one year later than it was supposed to be held; On June 10, 2020, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the House of Federation (the highest constitutional authority) approved a decision to postpone the election and extend the term of the federal parliament, the government, and all the federal and provincial assemblies. It also stipulated that once the Ministry of Health announces that the pandemic is under control, arrangements must be made for holding the elections within nine months, or a year at most.
  • State Terrorism and Globalization: the Cases of Ethiopia and Sudan

    State Terrorism and Globalization: the Cases of Ethiopia and Sudan

    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Sociology Publications and Other Works Sociology January 2005 State Terrorism and Globalization: The Cases of Ethiopia and Sudan Asafa Jalata University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_socopubs Part of the African Studies Commons, Other International and Area Studies Commons, Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies Commons, and the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Jalata, Asafa, "State Terrorism and Globalization: The Cases of Ethiopia and Sudan" (2005). Sociology Publications and Other Works. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_socopubs/86 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Sociology at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology Publications and Other Works by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 05_jalata_054471 (jk-t) 17/6/05 11:47 am Page 79 State Terrorism and Globalization The Cases of Ethiopia and Sudan Asafa Jalata* ABSTRACT This article compares the essence and effects of Ethiopian and Sudanese state terrorism by focusing on the commonalities between the two states. These peripheral African states have used global and regional connections and state terrorism as political tools for creating and maintaining the confluence of identity, religion, and political power. Ethiopia primarily depends on the West, and Sudan on the Middle East, since Christianity and Islam are the dominant religions in these African states respectively. While the Ethiopian state was formed by the alliance of Abyssinian (Amhara-Tigray) colonialism and European imperialism, the Sudanese state was created by British colonialism known as the Anglo- Egyptian condominium.
  • 6. Oromo Liberation Front

    6. Oromo Liberation Front

    Country Information and Policy Note Ethiopia: Opposition to the government Version 1.0 December 2016 Preface This note provides country of origin information (COI) and policy guidance to Home Office decision makers on handling particular types of protection and human rights claims. This includes whether claims are likely to justify the granting of asylum, humanitarian protection or discretionary leave and whether – in the event of a claim being refused – it is likely to be certifiable as ‘clearly unfounded’ under s94 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002. Decision makers must consider claims on an individual basis, taking into account the case specific facts and all relevant evidence, including: the policy guidance contained with this note; the available COI; any applicable caselaw; and the Home Office casework guidance in relation to relevant policies. Country Information The COI within this note has been compiled from a wide range of external information sources (usually) published in English. Consideration has been given to the relevance, reliability, accuracy, objectivity, currency, transparency and traceability of the information and wherever possible attempts have been made to corroborate the information used across independent sources, to ensure accuracy. All sources cited have been referenced in footnotes. It has been researched and presented with reference to the Common EU [European Union] Guidelines for Processing Country of Origin Information (COI), dated April 2008, and the European Asylum Support Office’s research guidelines, Country of Origin Information report methodology, dated July 2012. Feedback Our goal is to continuously improve our material. Therefore, if you would like to comment on this note, please email the Country Policy and Information Team.
  • Ethiopia COI Compilation

    Ethiopia COI Compilation

    BEREICH | EVENTL. ABTEILUNG | WWW.ROTESKREUZ.AT ACCORD - Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation Ethiopia: COI Compilation November 2019 This report serves the specific purpose of collating legally relevant information on conditions in countries of origin pertinent to the assessment of claims for asylum. It is not intended to be a general report on human rights conditions. The report is prepared within a specified time frame on the basis of publicly available documents as well as information provided by experts. All sources are cited and fully referenced. This report is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Every effort has been made to compile information from reliable sources; users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. © Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD An electronic version of this report is available on www.ecoi.net. Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD Wiedner Hauptstraße 32 A- 1040 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 1 58 900 – 582 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.redcross.at/accord This report was commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Division of International Protection. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it endorse, its content. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 4 1 Background information ......................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Geographical information .................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Map of Ethiopia ...........................................................................................................
  • Oromia Region Administrative Map(As of 27 March 2013)

    Oromia Region Administrative Map(As of 27 March 2013)

    ETHIOPIA: Oromia Region Administrative Map (as of 27 March 2013) Amhara Gundo Meskel ! Amuru Dera Kelo ! Agemsa BENISHANGUL ! Jangir Ibantu ! ! Filikilik Hidabu GUMUZ Kiremu ! ! Wara AMHARA Haro ! Obera Jarte Gosha Dire ! ! Abote ! Tsiyon Jars!o ! Ejere Limu Ayana ! Kiremu Alibo ! Jardega Hose Tulu Miki Haro ! ! Kokofe Ababo Mana Mendi ! Gebre ! Gida ! Guracha ! ! Degem AFAR ! Gelila SomHbo oro Abay ! ! Sibu Kiltu Kewo Kere ! Biriti Degem DIRE DAWA Ayana ! ! Fiche Benguwa Chomen Dobi Abuna Ali ! K! ara ! Kuyu Debre Tsige ! Toba Guduru Dedu ! Doro ! ! Achane G/Be!ret Minare Debre ! Mendida Shambu Daleti ! Libanos Weberi Abe Chulute! Jemo ! Abichuna Kombolcha West Limu Hor!o ! Meta Yaya Gota Dongoro Kombolcha Ginde Kachisi Lefo ! Muke Turi Melka Chinaksen ! Gne'a ! N!ejo Fincha!-a Kembolcha R!obi ! Adda Gulele Rafu Jarso ! ! ! Wuchale ! Nopa ! Beret Mekoda Muger ! ! Wellega Nejo ! Goro Kulubi ! ! Funyan Debeka Boji Shikute Berga Jida ! Kombolcha Kober Guto Guduru ! !Duber Water Kersa Haro Jarso ! ! Debra ! ! Bira Gudetu ! Bila Seyo Chobi Kembibit Gutu Che!lenko ! ! Welenkombi Gorfo ! ! Begi Jarso Dirmeji Gida Bila Jimma ! Ketket Mulo ! Kersa Maya Bila Gola ! ! ! Sheno ! Kobo Alem Kondole ! ! Bicho ! Deder Gursum Muklemi Hena Sibu ! Chancho Wenoda ! Mieso Doba Kurfa Maya Beg!i Deboko ! Rare Mida ! Goja Shino Inchini Sululta Aleltu Babile Jimma Mulo ! Meta Guliso Golo Sire Hunde! Deder Chele ! Tobi Lalo ! Mekenejo Bitile ! Kegn Aleltu ! Tulo ! Harawacha ! ! ! ! Rob G! obu Genete ! Ifata Jeldu Lafto Girawa ! Gawo Inango ! Sendafa Mieso Hirna
  • Oromos in Somaliland

    Oromos in Somaliland

    Volume 26 Refuge Number 1 Seeking Refuge in an Unrecognized State: Oromos in Somaliland Anna Lindley Abstract mission, businesses, or NGOs, and some fled to Somaliland The self-declared state of Somaliland is much better known since 2007 in the wake of the Ethiopian government’s brutal as a refugee producing territory than a refugee destination . counter-insurgency campaign in the Ogaden region. This Yet in recent years the territory has witnessed growing non- account, however, focuses on a third group, exploring the Somali immigration from the Oromo regions of Ethiopia . fortunes of people of Oromo origin living in Somaliland. The Oromo are the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia, but In the wake of marginalization and oppression in Ethiopia, have found themselves marginalized from power under these newcomers find a precarious refuge in Somaliland, successive regimes, most recently by the Ethiopian People’s demonstrating some of the challenges of in-region protec- Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), which came to tion and integration in the Horn of Africa . power following the 1991 revolution which brought down the authoritarian Derg regime. Political and economic Résumé oppression in the Oromia region, following the withdrawal L’État non reconnu mondialement du Somaliland est of the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) from the Transitional mieux connu comme territoire producteur de réfugiés Government of Ethiopia in 1992, have forced unknown que destination pour ceux-ci . Pourtant, le Somaliland a numbers to leave the country. vu ces dernières années une augmentation d’immigrants Most research in the last twenty years on Ethiopian refugees has focused on large refugee camp populations in non somaliens provenant de l’Oromie en Éthiopie .