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space GEologist activity book Space Geologist Activity Book This book features five hands-on activities designed for 8- to 12-year-olds. Each activity includes one 30- to 45-minute project and extensions. Activities can be used in any order. Also included are objectives and learning outcomes, assessment questions, ideas for a presentation or exhibit and topics for further investigation. Wonderwise learning outcomes are based on national science education standards identified by McREL (Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning), the Nebraska Educational Standards, and the National Science Education Standards developed under the direction of the National Research Council. This book incorporates concepts of inquiry-based learning and the 4-H Youth Development experiential learning model. Each youth participant should receive a copy of the activities. Copies of this book can be downloaded from the Space Geologist CD-ROM. WONDERWISE Women in Science Learning Series Wonderwise introduces you to women who have made science their career. Each kit is a comprehensive instructional package that includes a video, CD-ROM, and activity book. With these materials, leaders and youth explore the world of women scientists and discover together the fun of learning about science. For more information about Wonderwise, including free samples, Web activities, resources, science education standards and ordering information, visit our Web site: wonderwise.unl.edu Project Directors: Judy Diamond and Gary Heusel Developer: Linda Allison Design/Illustration: Michael Davis, Linda Allison Produced by: University of Nebraska State Museum and the Nebraska Cooperative Extension 4-H Youth Programs. Thanks to Adriana Ocampo, Barbara Young, Peggy Sugars, Sarah Disbrow, Amy N. Spiegel, Kathy French, Janet Fox, Saundra Frerichs. Funded by: The Informal Science Education Program of the National Science Foundation table of contents Meet Adriana /ACTIVITY ONE . 2 Watch a video about space geologist Adriana Ocampo, and then observe the photo of an impact crater. Learning Outcomes: Youth develop an understanding of the work of a scientist and of the scientific enterprise. Crater Maker /ACTIVITY TWO . 6 Make an impact using marbles and flour to investigate how craters take shape. Learning Outcomes: Youth develop an understanding of cause and effect in Earth systems. Vanishing Craters /ACTIVITY THREE . 12 Watch the effects of rain on a model crater, and then consider the effects of all kinds of weather. Learning Outcomes: Youth develop an understanding of atmospheric processes. Big Time Tour /ACTIVITY FOUR . 16 Explore Earth’s history. Take a tour from beginning to the present using your arm as a guide. Learning Outcomes: Youth develop an understanding of the span of biological time. Digging into the Past /ACTIVITY FIVE . 23 Learn how to create a core sample and get a sweet lesson in reading geological history. Learning Outcomes: Youth develop an understanding of the fossil record and how it documents the changes in life forms. Pulling It All Together . 28 Create a story about a scientist who studies space geology. Learning Outcomes: Youth draw on what they have learned in the activities to construct their own understanding of what it means to be a scientist. New Wonders . 29 Here are some ideas you might like to use for projects or exhibits. Learning Outcomes: Youth develop an understanding of science and technology in society and of science as a human endeavor. WONDERWISE Permission is given to educators to reproduce all pages in this booklet for classroom and training purposes only. Space Geologist 1st Edition © Copyright 2002 • University of Nebraska State Museum and Nebraska 4-H • Lincoln, Nebraska Information For Leaders What You Will Need for Each Activity Listed below are the materials and preparations you will need for each activity. Most of the materials can be purchased locally. The more difficult-to-find items can be purchased from Wonderwise. The symbol ∫ indicates that an item can be ordered from the Wonderwise Web site or GPN, the Wonderwise distributor. To purchase supplies, kits, videos, or CD-ROMs contact: GPN (Great Plains National) P.O. Box 80669 • Lincoln, NE • 68501-0669 Phone: 1-800-228-4630 • FAX: 1-800-306-2330 e-mail: [email protected] • Web site: gpn.unl.edu Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Meet Adriana Crater Maker Vanishing Craters Big Time Tour Digging into the Past For the entire group: For each team of 2-4: For each team of 2-4: For each team of 2: For every 10-12 kids: ∫ 18-min. video • 3 marbles • small bowl (use • pencil or pen • π liter brown sugar Adriana Ocampo, • flour (about 2 disposable bowls • sticky notes • ∂ liter white sugar Space Geologist for easy cleanup liters will fill a • fine point water- • 1 jar dark sprinkles paper bag tray 6 or if you want to • Video player and save your crater soluble marker • 1 small bottle each television centimeters deep) model) • a sheet of paper a red and green food • cocoa powder in a For each team of 2: • powdered sugar little longer than colors shaker (about 10 arm’s length (tape • Tape and scissors milliliters or 1 (100 milliliters, or • 5 plastic spoons enough to fill a together lengths tablespoon per of legal-size paper) • 5 containers for the team) bowl about 4 centimeters deep) sugar mixtures • 2 meters (about 250 ml each) measuring string • cocoa powder in a shaker (10 For each team of 2: • washer or other milliliters or 1 • 1 plastic spoon weight tablespoon per crater) • one small opaque • tape cup (150-200 ml • centimeter ruler • a small stone (to styrofoam or paper ) simulate a rocky • recording sheet asteroid) • 1 clear plastic straw and pencil • 1 set of colored • spray bottle filled • newspaper pencils to match the with water layer colors • tray (a cut-off • newspaper to • 1 paper plate grocery bag works cover the table best) • newspapers (to • metric tape cover work space) • scissors measure • paper towels (plain To prepare the white) sugar mixtures: • spray bottle with Prepare 5 different water colors and textures of sugar. One container of each color should be enough for 4 or 5 groups. • brown sugar • orange sugar (brown sugar plus drops of red food color) • fossil sugar (brown plus tiny sprinkles) • white sugar • green sugar (white sugar plus drops of green food color) WONDERWISE Permission is given to educators to reproduce all pages in this booklet for classroom and training purposes only. Space Geologist 1st Edition © Copyright 2002 • University of Nebraska State Museum and Nebraska 4-H • Lincoln, Nebraska 1 ACTIVITY Meet Adriana ONE Before You Watch the 18-minute video on Adriana Ocampo. Begin Work as teams of 2 Then examine a photo of an impact crater on Length: Part I- 30 minutes the Moon. Part II- 15 minutes What You Need For the entire group: ∫ 18-min. video Adriana Ocampo, Space Geologist • Video player and television For each team of 2: • Tape and scissors What We Know. Adriana Ocampo is a ring showing impact marks of a giant space rock space geologist. Like most people on Earth, she (meteorite) that hit Earth. Her hunch turned out has never visited another planet, but she has to be correct and confirmed the presence of the studied thousands of photos and maps of huge Chicxulub crater. More research showed planets. Her study has made her an expert in Earth had taken this giant impact about 65 reading the marks on a planet’s surface. At a million years ago, which was just about the time meeting of scientists she looked at a map of the dinosaurs vanished, along with half the life Southern Mexico and saw something nobody forms on Earth. Scientists estimated the had noticed. The map showed a series of deep meteorite (space rock) that hit Earth was about water-filled pits. Adriana noticed that the pits 10 kilometers wide and left a crater about 200 formed a giant arc hundreds of kilometers long. kilometers wide. Adriana’s discovery turned out She wondered if they could be part of a huge to be big in many ways. WONDERWISE Permission is given to educators to reproduce all pages in this booklet for classroom and training purposes only. Space Geologist 1st Edition © Copyright 2002 • University of Nebraska State Museum and Nebraska 4-H • Lincoln, Nebraska 2 ACTIVITY Meet Adriana ONE Part One: Meet Adriana Watch the video about space geologist Adriana Ocampo. Then discuss what it is like to be a geologist who studies the planets. Think It Over Name some activities that make up the work of a space geologist. 1. 2. 3. WONDERWISE Permission is given to educators to reproduce all pages in this booklet for classroom and training purposes only. Space Geologist 1st Edition © Copyright 2002 • University of Nebraska State Museum and Nebraska 4-H • Lincoln, Nebraska 3 ACTIVITY Meet Adriana ONE Part Two: Anatomy of an Impact Whether an impact event happens on the Moon, on Earth, or on your tabletop, impact craters have some similar features. Geologists use special words to describe the features of an impact event. 1 Cut out the words and definitions at the bottom of this page. 2 This is a photo of an impact crater on the Moon. Label each feature in the photo with the correct term. Tape the labels into position. Note: You will need to guess where the meteorite might be. Crater: a hole blasted by the Crater floor: the impact of a meteorite (space rock) bottom of the crater Ejecta: material thrown Rim: the raised from the crater on impact edge of a crater Ray: a long, thin streak of ejecta Meteorite: a space rock that burns radiating from the center of a crater through the atmosphere and lands on Earth WONDERWISE Permission is given to educators to reproduce all pages in this booklet for classroom and training purposes only.