The Image of Keynes. Duncan Grant and John Maynard
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COPYRIGHT STATEMENT This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author’s prior consent. i ii REX WHISTLER (1905 – 1944): PATRONAGE AND ARTISTIC IDENTITY by NIKKI FRATER A thesis submitted to the University of Plymouth in partial fulfilment for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Humanities & Performing Arts Faculty of Arts and Humanities September 2014 iii Nikki Frater REX WHISTLER (1905-1944): PATRONAGE AND ARTISTIC IDENTITY Abstract This thesis explores the life and work of Rex Whistler, from his first commissions whilst at the Slade up until the time he enlisted for active service in World War Two. His death in that conflict meant that this was a career that lasted barely twenty years; however it comprised a large range of creative endeavours. Although all these facets of Whistler’s career are touched upon, the main focus is on his work in murals and the fields of advertising and commercial design. The thesis goes beyond the remit of a purely biographical stance and places Whistler’s career in context by looking at the contemporary art world in which he worked, and the private, commercial and public commissions he secured. In doing so, it aims to provide a more comprehensive account of Whistler’s achievement than has been afforded in any of the existing literature or biographies. This deeper examination of the artist’s practice has been made possible by considerable amounts of new factual information derived from the Whistler Archive and other archival sources. -
Elements of Innovators' Fame
Elements of Innovators’ Fame: Social Structure, Identity and Creativity Mitali Banerjee Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Columbia University 2017 © 2017 Mitali Banerjee All rights reserved Abstract Elements of Innovators’ Fame: Social Structure, Identity and Creativity Mitali Banerjee What makes an innovator famous? This is the principal question of this dissertation. I examine three potential drivers of the innovators’ fame – their social structure, creativity and identity. My empirical context is the early 20th century abstract artists in 1910-25. The period represents a paradigmatic shift in the history of modern art, the emergence of the abstract art movement. In chapter 2, I operationalize social structure by an innovator’s local peer network. I find that an innovator with structurally and compositionally diverse local network is likely to be more famous than the one with a homogenous local network. I find no statistical evidence for creativity as a link between social structure and fame. Instead, the evidence suggests that an innovator’s creative identity and access to promotional opportunities are the key drivers of her fame. In Chapter 3, I find that the creativity identity resulting from an innovator’s creative trajectory can lead to obscurity despite early fame and acclaim. The drastic change in the nature of a producer’s output can dilute her identity and cost her her niche. In combination with her peer network characteristics, these dynamics can mean obscurity even for talented and prolific innovators. In chapter 4, I undertake a large-scale analysis of the relationship between creativity and fame. -
South East England & the Bloomsbury Group July 10-18
South East England & The Bloomsbury Group July 10-18, 2021 In the early part of the 20th century a group of writers, intellectuals, philosophers and artists who lived and worked in Bloomsbury were perhaps best known for their liberal views on politics and social conventions as well as their infamous love triangles. Luminaries including Virginia Woolf, John Maynard Keynes, Vanessa Bell, Duncan Grant, E. M. Forster and Lytton Strachey also undertook an experimental attitude to ways they decorated their homes, resulting in highly original and inspired designs. We uncover the finest examples of their work as we visit the houses where they lived and loved. Saturday, July 10: Arrival On arrival at Heathrow airport, a private transfer will take you to our overnight hotel, the Castle Hotel Windsor – MGallery. In the evening, join the group for a welcome drink, followed by dinner. (D) Sunday, July 11: Knole House and Standen After breakfast, we check out of our hotel and journey to visit Knole House in Kent where we enjoy a guided tour*. One of Britain’s most important and complete historic homes, the property is now cared for by the National Trust and here we can discover more about its colorful past. Knole House was home to the Sackville family for 400 years, including novelist Vita Sackville-West who used the house as inspiration for her novel The Edwardians. Next we visit Standen, a fine Arts and Crafts property, which combines the skills of architect Philip Webb and his friend William Morris. The light, airy rooms are decorated with Morris’ wallpapers and textiles with William de Morgan pottery. -
John Halperin Bloomsbury and Virginia W
John Halperin ., I Bloomsbury and Virginia WooH: Another VIew . i· "It had seemed to me ever since I was very young," Adrian Stephen wrote in The Dreadnought Hoax in 1936, "that anyone who took up an attitude of authority over anyone else was necessarily also someone who offered a leg to pull." 1 In 1910 Adrian and his sister Virginia and Duncan Grant and some of their friends dressed up as the Emperor of Abyssinia and his suite and perpetrated a hoax upon the Royal Navy. They wished to inspect the Navy's most modern vessel, they said; and the Naval officers on hand, completely fooled, took them on an elaborate tour of some top secret facilities aboard the HMS Dreadnought. When the "Dread nought Hoax," as it came to be called, was discovered, there were furious denunciations of the group in the press and even within the family, since some Stephen relations were Naval officers. One of them wrote to Adrian: "His Majesty's ships are not suitable objects for practical jokes." Adrian replied: "If everyone shared my feelings toward the great armed forces of the world, the world [might] be a happier place to live in . .. armies and suchlike bodies [present] legs that [are] almost irresistible." Earlier a similarly sartorial practical joke had been perpetrated by the same group upon the mayor of Cam bridge, but since he was a grocer rather than a Naval officer the Stephen family seemed unperturbed by this-which was not really a thumbing·of-the-nose at the Establishment. The Dreadnought Hoax was harder to forget. -
100 Years of the London Group the English Are an Essentially
Moving with the times: 100 years of the London Group The English are an essentially conservative people, their suspicion of anything new or innovative, unless it can be seen to have an immediate usefulness or purpose, innate. The arts, whose lifeblood depends on precisely those qualities, have not been immune to its effects, as the current plight of the arts in the school curriculum makes only too plain while the history of the visual arts in England, certainly over the last two hundred years or more and probably since the Reformation, has been dogged by its influence. The response has nearly always been the determination of a small group of artists to set up new societies or artistic groupings; first and foremost, of course, there was the Royal Academy of Arts in 1768 and, in the 19thC., when that institution had slipped back into full-blown academic conservatism, there were first the Pre-Raphaelites and then, in 1886, the New English Art Club on hand to stir things up once again. Indeed the history of English Modernism could, from this point on, almost be written in terms of constant reaction and renewal through such associations of artists, culminating in that heady period, just before the First World War when the flurry of new artistic associations stirred up by the response of younger artists to the Modernist revelations of Roger Fry’s two great French Post-Impressionist exhibitions of 1910 and 1912 – the Camden Town Group, the Fitzroy Street Group and the Allied Artists’ Association in particular - in their turn reacted against the by now largely establishment New English. -
The Posthumanistic Theater of the Bloomsbury Group
Maine State Library Digital Maine Academic Research and Dissertations Maine State Library Special Collections 2019 In the Mouth of the Woolf: The Posthumanistic Theater of the Bloomsbury Group Christina A. Barber IDSVA Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalmaine.com/academic Recommended Citation Barber, Christina A., "In the Mouth of the Woolf: The Posthumanistic Theater of the Bloomsbury Group" (2019). Academic Research and Dissertations. 29. https://digitalmaine.com/academic/29 This Text is brought to you for free and open access by the Maine State Library Special Collections at Digital Maine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Academic Research and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Maine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. IN THE MOUTH OF THE WOOLF: THE POSTHUMANISTIC THEATER OF THE BLOOMSBURY GROUP Christina Anne Barber Submitted to the faculty of The Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy August, 2019 ii Accepted by the faculty at the Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts in partial fulfillment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. COMMITTEE MEMBERS Committee Chair: Simonetta Moro, PhD Director of School & Vice President for Academic Affairs Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts Committee Member: George Smith, PhD Founder & President Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts Committee Member: Conny Bogaard, PhD Executive Director Western Kansas Community Foundation iii © 2019 Christina Anne Barber ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iv Mother of Romans, joy of gods and men, Venus, life-giver, who under planet and star visits the ship-clad sea, the grain-clothed land always, for through you all that’s born and breathes is gotten, created, brought forth to see the sun, Lady, the storms and clouds of heaven shun you, You and your advent; Earth, sweet magic-maker, sends up her flowers for you, broad Ocean smiles, and peace glows in the light that fills the sky. -
Book Reviews Applied Design
...a society of artists who devote themselves to Book Reviews applied design. Their most important work lies in the application of pictorial designs to the decora- Deborah Sugg-Ryan tion of walls, and the designing of various hang- ings.4 Bloomsbury Rooms: Modernism, Subculture, and Domesticity by Christopher Reed (New Haven & The Daily Mail called the Omega Workshops’ London: Yale University Press for The Bard Graduate exhibit a “Post-Impressionist room:” Center for Studies in the Decorative Arts, Design, The wall panels surrounded by plain rectangular and Culture, New York, 2004) ISBN 0-300-10248-8, surfaces of blue, strawboard colour, and dark 324 pages, B/W and color illustrations, index. (hard- chocolate, represent—if so crude a word may be cover) $45.00. used for an art that tries to avoid the representa- tion of anything approaching reality—dancing Footnotes begin on page 100. figures, or rather, the abstract rhythm and volume of dancing figures, expressed in systems of The Idol is still Prettiness, with its mid-Victorian languish spheric intersecting curves tinted in rose-colour of the neck, and its skin is “greenery-yallery,” despite and light green. the Post-What-Not fashionableness of its draperies. This family party of strayed and Dissenting Aesthetes, It described the furniture as “severe in line and star- however, were compelled to call in as much modern tling in colour and applied decoration.” The marquetry talent as they could find, to do the rough and masculine was “of distinctly cubist character” and the carpet was work without which they knew their efforts would not “geometrically patterned in daring though tastefully rise above the level of a pleasant tea-party or command contrasted colours.” 5 The Arts and Crafts movement more attention.1 influenced the clean lines and stark simplicity of the In 1913 the artist Wyndham Lewis, best known room’s furniture. -
Diaghilev and London
Diaghilev and London, A Talk by Graham Bennett, Crouch End and District U3A member We are not exactly the best of friends with Russia these days - But just over a century ago, Russia exported something that actually transformed the cultural life of London. This talk is about a quite extraordinary Russian Impresario and two equally extraordinary women who were part of his project The project was a Russian Dance Company that created a revolution in the world of dance, and London was to play a big part in its success. This company is the Ballet Russes. The impresario is Serge Diaghilev, born in 1872 in Perm in deepest Russia, who would create the Ballet Russes. Lydia Lopokova from St Petersburg, born in 1892, one of Diaghilev's star ballerinas. And last but not least, our very own Hilda Munnings from Wanstead in East London, born in 1896. Also to become a vitally important member of the company The story starts in St Petersburg in 1901, the heart of the Russian Empire, at the famous Mariinsky Theatre. Their choreographer Marius Petipa and composer Tchaikovsky had already created masterpieces such as The Sleeping Beauty, The Nutcracker and Swan Lake. These are such familiar names to us today but they were virtually unknown outside Russia at that time. Over in England we were still having a jolly knees up and sing-along at the Music Hall and even in France, ballet had degenerated to a pale shadow of its former glory. In 1901, Lydia Lopokova, just 9 years old, auditioned for a place at the prestigious Imperial Theatre School in St Petersburg. -
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A Bloomsbury Chronology 1866 Roger Fry born 1877 Desmond Maccarthy born 1879 E.M. Forster born Vanessa Stephen born 1880 Lytton Strachey born Thoby Stephen born Saxon Sydney-Turner born Leonard Woolf born 1881 Clive Bell born 1882 Virginia Stephen born Mary Warre-Cornish born 1883 J.M. Keynes born Adrian Stephen born 1885 Duncan Grant born Roger Fry enters King's College, Cambridge 1888 Roger Fry obtains a First Class honours in natural sciences and decides to study painting xx A Bloomsbury Chronology 1892 Roger Fry studies painting in Paris David Garnett born 1893 Dora Carrington born 1894 Roger Fry gives university extension lectures at Cambridge mainly on Italian art Desmond Maccarthy enters Trinity College, Cambridge 1895 Death of Mrs Leslie Stephen Virginia Stephen's first breakdown 1896 Roger Fry and Helen Coombe married 1897 E.M. Forster enters King's College, Cambridge Desmond MacCarthy leaves Trinity College Virginia Stephen attends Greek and history classes at King's College, London 1899 Roger Fry: Giovanni Bellini Clive Bell, Thoby Stephen, Lytton Strachey, Saxon Sydney-Turner, Leonard Woolf all enter Trinity College, Cambridge The Midnight Society - a 'reading society' - founded at Trinity by Bell, Sydney-Turner, Stephen, and Woolf 1900 Roger Fry gives university extension lectures on art at Cambridge 1go1 Roger Fry becomes art critic for the Athenaeum Vanessa Stephen enters the Royal Academy Schools E.M. Forster leaves Cambridge, travels in Italy and Greece, begins A Room with a View 1902 Duncan Grant attends the Westminster Art School Leonard Woolf, Saxon Sydney-Turner, and Lytton Strachey elected to 'The A Bloomsbury Chronology XXI Apostles' (older members include Roger Fry, Desmond MacCarthy, E.M. -
Now If Any Item Will Fit Into the Permanent Collection of the Leeds City Art Galleries
LEEDS ART S CALENDAR LEGACIES TO THE LEEDS ART COLLECTIONS FUND The LAC F depends for its income entirely on members and supporters. Please consider leaving the LAc F a legacy in your will: it is a charitable organization and all legacies to it are exempt from Capital Transfer Tax and aggregation without limit. Bequests can take the form of a lump sum or the residue or a fraction of your estate. Some members might prefer to consider leaving works of fine or decorative art but if you contemplate doing this it would be helpful if you could please seek the advice of the Secretary who can let you know if any item will fit into the permanent collection of the Leeds City Art Galleries. The following would be a suitable form of words to send to your solicitor for inclusion in your will: 'I bequeath to the Leeds Art Collections Fund of Temple Newsam House, Leeds, a legacy of free of all ........................ taxes'he Hon Solicitor of the LAc F is always very happy to advise potential benefactors. THE LEEDs ART co LLEcTIDNs FUND is one of the oldest supporting bodies for the visual arts in Great Britain, a source of regular funds for buying works of art for the Leeds collections. Why not identify yourself with the Art Gallery, Temple Newsam House and Lotherton Hall, receive your Arts Calendar free, receive invitations to all functions, pnvate views and organized visits to places of interest. Membership is open to everyone on payment of a minimum annual subscription of fiio; those under 3o years of age can become a Young Friend for EI. -
Lynn Garafola Most Fruitful Experiments in His Company's History
• ON 11 JANUARY 1916 DIAGHILEV and his Ballets Russessteamed into New York harbor for the first of two lengthy tours of the United States. Both began in New York, THE then crisscrossed the country, giving Americans in no fewer than fifty-one cities a taste of Diaghilev's fabled entertainment. The company that made these 1916-1917 tours was BALLETS RUSSES different from the one Europeans knew. There were few stars and many new faces and a repertory that gave only a hint of Diaghilev's growing experimentalism. The Ballets Russes IN AMERICA never triumphed in the United States, as it had in Europe, nor did it immediately influence the course of American ballet. But the tours set in motion changes within the Ballets Russes itself that had lasting consequences. Thanks to American dollars, Diaghilev rebuilt the company temporaril y disbanded by World War I while conducting some of the Lynn Garafola most fruitful experiments in his company's history. Those sa me dollars paid for the only ballet to have its premiere in the New World-Vaslav Nijinsky's Till Eulenspiegel. In size, personnel, and social relations, the Ballets Russes of the American tours marked the bi rth of Diaghilev's postwar company. Diaghilev had long toyed with the idea of an American tour. But only in 1914, when debt threatened the very life of his enterprise, did he take steps to convert the idea into a reality. "Have had several interviews ... Diaghileff about Ballet for New York," Addie Kahn wired her husband, Otto, chairman of the Metropolitan Opera's board of directors, from London on 18 July 1914: [Is] most insistent troupe shou ld go America this winter for urgent reasons too complicated to cable upon which largely depend continuance of organization. -
Galbraith on Keynes
Galbraith on Keynes In a classic, The“ Age of Uncertainty”, the author, late economist John Kenneth Galbraith, writes on Lord Keynes. “Keynes was born in 1883, the year that Karl Marx died. His mother, Florence Ada Keynes, a woman of high intelligence, was diligent in good works, a respected community leader and, in late life, the mayor of < ?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />Cambridge. His father, John Neville Keynes, was an economist, logician and for some fifteen years the Registrary, which is to say the chief administrative officer of the University of Cambridge. Maynard, as he was always known to friends, went to Eton, where his first interest was in mathematics. Then he went to King's College, after Trinity the most prestigious of the Cambridge colleges and the one noted especially for its economists. Keynes was to add both to its prestige in economics and, as its bursar, to its wealth. Churchill held – where I confess escapes me – that great men usually have unhappy childhoods. At both Eton and Cambridge, Keynes, by his own account and that of his contemporaries, was exceedingly happy. The point could be important. Keynes never sought to change the world out of any sense of personal dissatisfaction or discontent. Marx swore that the bourgeoisie would suffer for his poverty and his carbuncles. Keynes experienced neither poverty nor boils. For him the world was excellent. While at King's, Keynes was one of a group of ardent young intellectuals which included Lytton Strachey, Leonard Woolf and Clive Bell. All, with wives – Virginia Woolf, Vanessa Bell- and lovers, would assemble later in London as the Bloomsbury Group.