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Growth and Feed Efficiency of Chopped Grouper Fish

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Growth and Feed Efficiency of Chopped Grouper Fish ECOTONE, Volume 1 (2): 77-84, December 2020 p-ISSN : 2746-4849 Doi. http://doi.org/10.31258/ecotone.1.2.p.77-84 e-ISSN : 2746-5640 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Growth and Feed Efficiency of Chopped Grouper Fish Fry (Epinephelus fuscoggutatus> <Epinephelus lanceolatus) with Different Trash Feeding Rate Asih Amanda1*, Wiwin Kusuma Atmaja Putra1, Tri Yulianto1 1Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Maritim Raja Ali Haji, Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia *Correspondent email : [email protected] Received: 07 November 2020 | Accepted: 29 November 2020 | Published: 22 Desember 2020 Abstract. This study aims to determine the best feeding rate (FR) in increasing feed efficiency and growth of Chopped grouper and to determine the efficiency and growth of Chopped grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus). This research was conducted in February-March 2020 for 42 days at the Household Scale Hatchery of the Marin Agri Sejahtera Cooperative, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Islands. The method used was experimental with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications where K treatment (15% trash feed), A treatment (10% trash feed), B treatment (20% trash feed), treatment C (feeding 25% trash feed). The results of the study, through statistical analysis, showed that the papain enzyme dose was able to have a very significant effect. Keywords: Chopped grouper, trash fish, Feed Efficiency, Growth, Feeding Rate Introduction Grouper fish in Indonesia is currently popular and is being developed as a marine aquaculture commodity that has opportunities for both domestic and international markets to be exported abroad, such as Hong Kong, Taiwan, and China with high selling prices (Triana 2010). This proves that Indonesia as an archipelagic country has long been engaged in marine cultivation and floating net cage system cultivation, (Silva et al. 2017). Chopped grouper is a cross between female tiger grouper and male tiger grouper which has high economic value and has been widely developed. The price of grouper fish ranges from Rp. 110,000-120,000 / kilogram (KKP 2018). All grouper species have become important export commodities, especially to Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, and China (Dedi et al. 2018). Grouper fish has a favorable market for the cultivators in addition to its fast growth and is profitable for grouper to be a seeded commodity that is mass-produced to serve the market demand for grouper fish while alive. Several species of grouper fish have good potential, such as grouper, tiger fish, beautiful grouper. The conversion of feed which has a higher selling value makes farmers think hard to minimize expenses for purchasing pelleted feed. According to Paruntu (2015), however, some grouper species have slow growth which is an obstacle in fishery production. According to (Akbar et al. 2013), stunted growth of Chopped grouper can give grouper a long maintenance period ranging from 7-12 months. Common problems in grouper farming are slow fish growth, high FCR, susceptibility to various environmental conditions and diseases. The management of grouper feed is one of the main factors in determining the success of cultivators, feed is the most important element in supporting the growth and survival of fish. Besides, the determining factor for feeding is the Feeding Rate based on fish size. The feed that is given according to the needs http://ecotone.ejournal.unri.ac.id/| 77 ECOTONE, Volume 1 (2): 77-84, December 2020 p-ISSN : 2746-4849 Doi. http://doi.org/10.31258/ecotone.1.2.p.77-84 e-ISSN : 2746-5640 can provide the highest growth and feed efficiency. The need for fish feeding rate, the greater the fish, the smaller the FR, but the greater the amount of feed per day. The problem that arises in the grouper rearing business is dependence on fresh fish feed, including the availability of seasonality to compete with human consumption needs. Besides, the availability of artificial feed (pellets) still depends on outside the Riau Islands Province, so the price of artificial feed is relatively expensive. An alternative treatment for pelleted feed is to provide a substitute source of nutrition in the form of fresh trash feed which is abundant in the Riau Islands, such as tembang fish (sardenilla sp), a type that has a relatively low value for trash feed. The feed that is often used for grouper fish is usually commercial pellets. However, with a high pellet price reaching Rp. 25.000/kg, resulting in high production costs in Chopped grouper cultivation. Uncontrolled feeding, resulting in the waste of feeding. A small role in reducing production costs in feed, it is necessary to combine substitute feed in the form of trash fish, which is much cheaper than pellets, which is IDR 10,000-12,000/kg. According to (Yulianto 2018), the problem that needs to be studied is the feed dosage (feeding rate) of pond fish, so that it has efficiency for fish farmers and optimal growth for grouper fish (E fuscoggutatus˃˂E lanceolatus) at the price of pond fish. relatively cheap. so that to support its growth, it is suspected that the cause of grouper growth is slow. So it needs to be studied with research that the feeding of the trash can is higher in grouper fish given trash feed with different doses to absorb nutrients for the growth process of grouper fish (Feeding Rate). The purpose of this study was to determine the best Feeding Rate (FR) in increasing feed efficiency and growth of white grouper and to determine the efficiency and growth of fresh grouper (E fuscoguttatus ˃˂ E lanceolatus). This research was conducted in February 2020 - March 2020 in the household scale hatchery of the Marin Agri Sejahtera Cooperative (KOPMAS), Dompak, Tanjungpinang City. Material and Methods The test fish used in this study were Chopped grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ˃˂ Epinephelus lanceolatus), fish obtained from HSRT cooperative Marin Sejahtera Bintan Regency imported from BPBAP Situbondo with a length of 7.18 ± 0.03 with an average weight of 7, 59 ± 0.16. The feed used is the trash fresh feed of tembang/lemuru fish (Sardinell sp). This study used a method with a completely randomized design (CRD), using 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments and dosages used in the study were as follows. Treatment K: Feeding Trash Feed 15%; Treatment A: Giving Trash Feed 10%; Treatment B: Giving Trash Feed 20%; Treatment C: Giving Trash Feed 25% Research procedure 1. Preparation of Containers The research container used is a cage that is tied using a PVC pipe assembly. Size 0.25 x 0.40 x 0.90 m with a caged area of 0.09 m3, as many as 12 pieces. The research container that is ready for use will be placed in a 1 x 2 x 1 m tub. 2. Preparation of Fish Fry The fish used were obtained from HSRT cooperative Agri Marine Sejahtera Bintan Regency imported from BPBAP Situbondo, measuring 7.18 ± 0.03 in length with an average http://ecotone.ejournal.unri.ac.id/| 78 ECOTONE, Volume 1 (2): 77-84, December 2020 p-ISSN : 2746-4849 Doi. http://doi.org/10.31258/ecotone.1.2.p.77-84 e-ISSN : 2746-5640 weight of 7.59 ± 0.16 as many as 10 fish. The number of fish that will be used is 120 fish from the fish fry center (BBI) in the Penghujan village. This research refers to previous research conducted by, (Hendriansyah et al. 2018), The study was conducted for 42 days of cultivation. 3. Feed Preparation After cleaning the fresh trash feed is cut into four sides with the bones separated from the meat, then the trash fish that has been cleaned is put in a 450 ml round cup using a digital scale with an accuracy of 0.01 grams to determine how much feed to feed each day. The trash feed is made every day to keep the quality looking fresh. 4. Fish rearing Maintenance of fish for 42 days or 6 weeks, with a stocking density of 10 fish/0.09 m3, the reared fish will be given different fresh trash feed according to the treatment. Different trash feeds for all treatments 15%, 10%, 20% and 25% of fish biomass. The Shift pond is done every day after 15 minutes of the feeding process of grouper fish fry. Feeding twice a day, namely at 08.00 am and evening at 04.00 pm. Acclimatization is carried out for 15 minutes for the adaptation process to the new environment of rearing fish. 5. Research Parameters a. Absolute Weight Growth The calculation of absolute weight growth using the formula, (Dewantoro, 2001) is as follows: W = (Wt + D)-W0 Remarks : W : Absolute Weight Growth (g) Wt : Final rearing Fish Weight (g) W0 : Fish Weight Initial rearing (g) D : Deadweight (g) b. Feed Efficiency Calculating feed efficiency, calculation of feed efficiency with the formula (Effendi et al. 2006) as follows: (퐖퐭+퐃)−퐖퐨 푬푷 = x 100 퐅 Remarks : EP : Feed efficiency (%) Wt : Weight of Test Fish at the End of Study (g) W0 : Weight of Test Fish at the Beginning of the Study (g) D : Total Weight Dead During Rearing(g) F : Total amount of feed given (g) Data analysis The calculated data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). If the results of ANOVA analysis of variance showed a very significant difference, then the Duncen continued test was performed. The results of the measurement of fish quality were carried out in descriptions. http://ecotone.ejournal.unri.ac.id/| 79 ECOTONE, Volume 1 (2): 77-84, December 2020 p-ISSN : 2746-4849 Doi. http://doi.org/10.31258/ecotone.1.2.p.77-84 e-ISSN : 2746-5640 Results and Discussion Absolute Weight Growth Absolute weight Growth of Chopped grouper for 42 days of rearing.
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