Significant Habitats in the Town of Pine Plains, Dutchess County, New York
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SIGNIFICANT HABITATS IN THE TOWN OF PINE PLAINS, DUTCHESS COUNTY, NEW YORK Photo: Nava Tabak Report to the Town of Pine Plains, the Millbrook Tribute Garden, the Dyson Foundation, and the Dutchess Land Conservancy By Catherine A. McGlynn, Nava Tabak, and Gretchen Stevens August 2009 Hudsonia Ltd. P.O. Box 66 Red Hook, NY 12571 SIGNIFICANT HABITATS IN THE TOWN OF PINE PLAINS CONTENTS - I - CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION Background........................................................................................................3 What is Biodiversity? ........................................................................................5 What are Ecologically Significant Habitats?.....................................................5 Study Area.........................................................................................................6 METHODS Gathering Information & Predicting Habitats .................................................11 Preliminary Habitat Mapping & Field Verification ........................................13 Defining Habitat Types ...................................................................................14 Final Mapping & Presentation of Data............................................................14 RESULTS Overview .........................................................................................................17 Habitat Descriptions: Upland Habitats Upland Forests...........................................................................................21 Red Cedar Woodland ................................................................................27 Crest/Ledge/Talus......................................................................................28 Oak-Heath Barren......................................................................................32 Upland Shrubland......................................................................................33 Upland Meadow ........................................................................................35 Cultural......................................................................................................39 Waste Ground............................................................................................39 Habitat Descriptions: Wetland Habitats Swamps......................................................................................................41 Buttonbush Pool/Kettle Shrub Pool ..........................................................45 Marsh.........................................................................................................48 Wet Meadow .............................................................................................50 Calcareous Wet Meadow...........................................................................51 Fen .............................................................................................................54 Intermittent Woodland Pool ......................................................................55 SIGNIFICANT HABITATS IN THE TOWN OF PINE PLAINS CONTENTS - II - Circumneutral Bog Lake ...........................................................................59 Constructed Pond.......................................................................................61 Open Water................................................................................................62 Springs & Seeps ........................................................................................64 Streams & Riparian Corridors...................................................................65 CONSERVATION PRIORITIES AND PLANNING IN PINE PLAINS Planning for Biodiversity ................................................................................71 Townwide Planning...................................................................................71 Reviewing Site-Specific Proposals............................................................73 General Strategies for Conservation..........................................................74 Priority Habitats in Pine Plains........................................................................77 Large Forests .............................................................................................80 Large Meadows .........................................................................................83 Oak-Heath Barren & other Crest/Ledge/Talus..........................................86 Kettle Shrub Pools/Buttonbush Pools .......................................................88 Fens & Calcareous Wet Meadows ............................................................91 Intermittent Woodland Pools.....................................................................95 Circumneutral Bog Lakes..........................................................................99 Wetland Complexes.................................................................................101 Streams & Riparian Corridors.................................................................103 Conservation Areas in Pine Plains .................................................................107 Roeliff Jansen Kill and Ham Brook Valley.............................................107 Stissing Mountain/Hicks Hill ..................................................................108 Wappinger Creek Valley .........................................................................110 Pine Plains Hamlet ..................................................................................111 Shekomeko Creek Valley........................................................................112 Schultz and Prospect Hills.......................................................................112 Bean River Valley ...................................................................................113 Skunk’s Misery Road ..............................................................................113 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................115 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...............................................................................117 REFERENCES CITED.....................................................................................118 SIGNIFICANT HABITATS IN THE TOWN OF PINE PLAINS CONTENTS - III - APPENDICES A. Mapping Conventions .............................................................................128 B. Explanation of Rarity Ranks ...................................................................131 C. Species of Conservation Concern............................................................134 D. Common and Scientific Names of Plants Mentioned in this Report.......139 FIGURES 1. Bedrock Geology .......................................................................................9 2. Ecologically Significant Habitats.............................................................19 3. Contiguous Habitat Patches......................................................................20 4. Contiguous Forested Areas.......................................................................26 5. Crest/Ledge/Talus and Oak-Heath Barrens..............................................31 6. Contiguous Meadow Habitats ..................................................................38 7. Wetlands...................................................................................................44 8. Buttonbush Pools/Kettle Shrub Pools ......................................................47 9. Fens and Calcareous Wet Meadows.........................................................53 10. Intermittent Woodland Pools and Circumneutral Bog Lakes...................58 11. Streams .....................................................................................................69 12. Conservation Areas ................................................................................114 TABLES 1. Cross-reference for ecological communities mapped on properties of 1133 Taconic LLC and habitats mapped by Hudsonia .........................16 2. Ecologically Significant Habitats Identified in Pine Plains ....................18 3. Priority Habitats, Species of Concern, and Conservation Zones ……… 79 SIGNIFICANT HABITATS IN THE TOWN OF PINE PLAINS SIGNIFICANT HABITATS IN THE TOWN OF PINE PLAINS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - 1 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Hudsonia biologists identified and mapped ecologically significant habitats in the Town of Pine Plains during the period April through December 2008. Through map analysis, aerial photograph interpretation, and field observations we created large-format maps showing the locations and configurations of these habitats in the study area. Some of the habitats are rare or declining in the region or support rare species of plants or animals, while others are high quality examples of common habitats or habitat complexes. Among our more interesting finds were 21 fens, 64 intermittent woodland pools, three circumneutral bog lakes, many extensive wetland complexes, large areas of contiguous upland meadow including five areas greater than 200 ac (80 ha), a forested area of nearly 2,900 ac (1170 ha) on Stissing and Little Stissing mountains, and nine additional areas of contiguous forest greater than 200 ac (80 ha) each. In this report we describe each of the mapped habitat types, including their ecological attributes, some of the species of conservation concern